Economics Commons^™

Job Creation, Job Destruction, And International Competition, Michael W. Klein, Scott Schuh, Robert K. Triest

Upjohn Press

The authors present a picture of how the effects of international trade on employment in U.S. manufacturing industries vary widely. They explore the labor-market dynamics and adjustment costs associated with international factors, particularly the way fluctuations in exchange rates, overseas economic activity, and the altering of trade restrictions contribute to churning-the simultaneous job creation among some firms and job destruction among others.

Labor Standards In The United States And Canada, Richard N. Block, Ronald O. Clarke, Karen Roberts

Upjohn Press

Block, Roberts, and Clarke offer a method for comparing ten labor standards across political jurisdictions. They then apply this method to the United States and Canada, an exercise that allows them to settle the long-running dispute over whether or not Canada has higher standards than the U.S., and if so, to what degree.

Demographic Effects On Personal Saving In The Future, Frederic L. Pryor

Economics Faculty Works

After briefly examining the various proposed causes for the decline in the U.S. personal saving rate in the past decade, this essay then argues that a shift in the demographic composition of the population will be a much more important cause for a decline in personal saving in the future. A change in the balance between those in the labor force who are saving and retirees who are dissaving will result in a considerable fall in the aggregate saving rate under most assumptions. The simulation model used to examine this phenomenon takes into account the interest rate, the growth rate …

The Effects Of Ethnic Capital And Age Of Arrival On The Standard Of Living Of Young Immigrants, Michael Seeborg, Jeremy Sandford

Scholarly Publications

This paper uses a sample of 30 year old male immigrants from the 1990 Census PUMS data to explore the effects that age of arrival and ethnic capital have on the standard of living of immigrants. It finds that both time of arrival and ethnic capital effect immigrants’ standard of living through a set of interaction effects and indirect effects. In particular, immigrants who arrive as children enjoy greater returns to human capital investments than immigrants who arrive as young adults. Moreover, immigrants who arrive as children are affected less than young adult immigrants by the ethnic capital of the …

Labor Relations In Major League Baseball, Andrew Zimbalist

Economics: Faculty Publications

This article explores some of the roots and processes of the contentiousness surrounding baseball labor relations, assesses the new collective bargaining agreement, and examines the history of negotiations that contributed to its structure. The author offers explanations why the 2002 labor agreement is not efficiently structured to achieve its professed goals and argues that the perceived tensions that afflicted the industry in 2002 are not likely to disappear by 2007, when more substantive changes will need to be made in order to avoid another confrontation between labor and management.

Competitive Balance Conundrums: Response To Fort And Maxcy's Comment, Andrew Zimbalist

Economics: Faculty Publications

Fort and Maxcy misrepresent my argument at various points and misapprehend the nature of the competitive balance issue. The analysis of competitive balance needs to be informed by theory. Purely empirical exercises are unlikely to enhance our understanding of the importance of competitive balance to team sports leagues.

Globalization And The Myth Of Free Trade, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes.

• Program for the conference on globalization and the myths of free trade, hosted by the Center for Economic Policy Analysis and the Department of Economics, including schedule and speaker introductions. (2003, April 18). [Unpublished conference program]. Center for Economic Policy Analysis; Department of Economics, The New School University.

• Annotated conference schedule. (2003, April 18). [Unpublished annotated schedule; manuscript with annotations]. (A. Shaikh, PhD, annotator).

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). Handwritten conference notes referencing Andrew Glyn, Stephanie Seguino, Ajit Singh, Ha-Joon Chang, and Deepak Nayyar [Unpublished handwritten notes]. Manuscript.

• Shaikh, A., PhD. (n.d.). …

Retirement And High Level Human Capital, Irving Gershenberg

Gerontology Institute Publications

Given that demographic trends in economically advanced industrial countries such as our own continue to shift toward increasingly older, formally retired populations, we need to find ways to keep more of this older retired population productive. Economists and others differ in their estimation regarding the ability and/or willingness on part of the retired to retain, let alone utilize the know-how, the human capital accumulated prior to retirement. This is as true for those who have spent their work life engaged in producing and communicating new ideas and synthesizing and diffusing what is known, those who have accumulated what I term …

Economic Currents: The State Of The State Economy, Alan Clayton-Matthews

Public Policy and Public Affairs Faculty Publication Series

Statewide numbers paint a picture of declining employment and output, continuing widespread layoffs, slow wage and income growth, rapidly declining consumer confidence, weak consumer spending, stagnant tax revenues, high vacancy rates in the commercial real estate market, and no clear sign of growth in demand for the state’s technology products.

Data Mining Mining Data: Msha Enforcement Efforts, Underground Coal Mine Safety, And New Health Policy Implications, Thomas J. Kniesner, John D. Leeth

Center for Policy Research

Studies of industrial safety regulations, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) in particular, often find little effect on worker safety. Critics of the regulatory approach argue that safety standards have little to do with industrial injuries and defenders of the regulatory approach cite infrequent inspections and low fines for violating safety standards. We use recently assembled data from the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) concerning underground coal mine production, safety inspections, and workplace injuries to shed new light on the regulatory approach to workplace safety. Because all underground coal mines are inspected at least once per quarter, MSHA regulations …

Logistic Analysis Of Factors On Dropout Rate Of Wright State University, Xiaohui Shen

Masters Culminating Experiences (1993-2011)

The purpose of this project is to assess the effects of personal demographic characteristics, academic preparation and academic performance on the dropout rate of newly admitted undergraduate students of Wright State University (WSU). WSU is a public university and more than 95 percent of enrolling undergraduate students are residents of the State of Ohio.

When The Unanimous Voting Rule Is Not The Corollary To Market Exchange, Russell S. Sobel

Economics Faculty Working Papers Series

The unanimous voting rule is generally viewed as analogous to voluntary market exchange. I demonstrate that when third-party pecuniary effects exist, this analogy breaks down because unlike markets, unanimous voting requires compensation for these effects. Thus, the outcomes will be necessarily, and fundamentally, different. This compensation renders the political process less efficient, and gives rise to rent-seeking behavior. Because of one-person-one-vote and high transactions costs of bargaining, this compensation is generally unfeasible, meaning an efficient market outcome will be rejected by the unanimous voting rule. This serves as another reason why a less-than-unanimous voting rule may be optimal.

Review Of Marx For A Post-Communist Era, C. Jason Smith

Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture

No abstract provided.

Jack Of All Trades Or Master Of One? Specialization, Trade And Money, Gabriele Camera, Robert R. Reed, Christopher Waller

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

We consider a model of decentralized exchange where individuals choose the set of goods they produce. Specialization involves producing a smaller set of goods and doing it more proÞciently. In doing so, agents reduce production costs, but also reduce the ease of trading their output. We derive the equilibrium degree of specialization and examine how it is affected by underlying fundamentals. Due to the existence of a hold-up problem, individuals specialize too little relative to the social optimum. Introducing money leads to more specialization relative to barter and increases welfare.

Can Monetizing Trade Lower Welfare? An Example, Gabriele Camera, Robert R. Reed, Christopher Waller

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

In decentralized trade individuals self-insure against consumption risk via costly diversification of skills. Although money acts as consumption insurance, it may lead to a moral hazard problem. If the problem is severe, monetizing trade can lower welfare relative to barter.

The Impacts Of Walter Isard On Geography, Randall Jackson

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

In the course of preparing this paper, which initially focused solely on identifying the impacts of input-output analysis on geography, a much broader perspective on the impacts of Walter Isard on geography ultimately emerged. In the tradition of input-output analysis, these impacts are grouped into direct, indirect, and induced effects, and summarized under the heading of influence. Walter Isard touched the lives of many through personal relationships, books and articles, and an energetic devotion to and enthusiasm for the creation of a regional science association. The Regional Science Association and its publications supported something of a greenhouse environment in which …

Port Activities Educational Issues Forum, Kathryn W. Hexter, Matthew Harrison Grabenstein

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

On October 22, 2002, the Maxine Goodman Levin College of Urban Affairs, Cleveland State University, and the Cleveland Lakefront Partners (the city of Cleveland, the Greater Cleveland Growth Association, Cleveland Tomorrow, and the Cleveland Neighborhood Development Coalition) sponsored a public forum on the activities of the Port of Cleveland. The forum was the third in a series of four intended to deepen the community’s understanding of some of the issues related to the plans for the Cleveland lakefront. It was part of the Levin College Forum Program’s two-year Northeast Ohio’s Waterways forum series, which is focusing public attention on development …

Lakefront Utilities And Railroads Educational Issues Forum, Kathryn W. Hexter, Matthew Harrison Grabenstein

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

On October 2, 2002, the Levin College Forum Program and the Cleveland Lakefront Partners (the city of Cleveland, the Greater Cleveland Growth Association, Cleveland Tomorrow, and the Cleveland Neighborhood Development Coalition) sponsored a public forum on lakefront utilities and railroads. The forum was the second in a series of four intended to deepen the community’s understanding of some of the issues related to the plans for the Cleveland lakefront. It was part of the Levin College Forum Program’s two-year Northeast Ohio’s Waterways forum series, which is focusing public attention on development of a comprehensive vision for all of Northeast Ohio’s …

Housing Analysis For Cleveland Lakefront Development, Thomas Bier, Charles Post, Rick Seifritz

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

The Center for Housing Research & Policy conducted this survey and analysis of housing on Cleveland’s lakefront for the Cleveland Lakefront Partners, which is composed of the city of Cleveland, Cleveland Tomorrow, the Greater Cleveland Growth Association, and the Cleveland Neighborhood Development Corporation. The report includes both the results of the survey of residents in the multi-county Cleveland region and a comparative study of waterfront populations in the cities of Milwaukee, Chicago, Portland, and Baltimore. The survey results showed that at least 6,000 and possibly up to 9,000 middle and upper-income households would be interested in living on the lakefront …

Climate And Shoreline Educational Issues Forum, Kathryn W. Hexter, Matthew Harrison Grabenstein

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

On November 7, 2002, the Levin College Forum Program and the Cleveland Lakefront Partners (the city of Cleveland, The Greater Cleveland Growth Association, Cleveland Tomorrow, and The Cleveland Neighborhood Development Coalition) sponsored a public forum on Climate and Shoreline. The forum was the final in a series of four, intended to deepen the community’s understanding of some of the more complex issues related to the city’s lakefront planning efforts. It was also part of the Levin College Forum Program’s two-year Northeast Ohio’s Waterways forum series, which is focusing public attention on development of a comprehensive vision for all of Northeast …

Analisa Pengganda Dan Distribusi Keuntungan Perdagangan Di Wilayah Asean, A. M. Alfian Parewangi, Bambang P. S. Brodjonegoro

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

Matrices of lnternational Trade model shows world equilibrium and the inter-linkage among countries through trade. This approach enable us to decompose trade multiplier into direct import requirement, indirect import requirement, internal and external propagation as components of total trade multiplier. We also can run growth simulation to identify the distribution of trade gain as previously applied by Miyazawa, Hewings and other authors.

Using trade flow data from 178 countries, and focusing on the big five ASEAN, we conform the most important role of Singapore and Malaysia in this region. We also find the role of United States and Japan as …

Analisa Produktifitas Tenaga Kerja Sektor Manufaktur Di Indonesia, Wildan Syafitri

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

Labor productivity could be direct measurement of human capital quality as it shows the amount of output that the labor can prduce. McConnel and Brue (1995) define labor productivity as ratio between produced output and working hour at certaint level of wage.

Our research try to analyze the labor productivity on manufacture sector and its explanatory variables by applying cross section data of medium scale industries on 1996 in Indonesia. The estimation result shows the positive significance of education level, the more educated labor will yield higher productiviy. We also try to internalize gender issue and we find the more …

Konvergensi Di Indonesia, Beberapa Temuan Awal Dan Implikasinya, Yusuf Wibisono

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

Recently convergence of regional per capita income has been a frequent object of regional studies as well as the case of Indonesia. However, different methods often yield different results therefore we try to choose the appropriate methods.

Rather o-convergence, we use Theil index to analyze regional disparity and found that regional convergence in Indonesia does not appear to be a simple monotonic process, but seems to vary over time -and hence requires explanation. From here, we suggest that the use of long-term interval in regression of β convergence analysis will destroy the relationship among variables. The use of least square …

Assessing Environmental Externalities Of The Us Coal Base Load Electric Utility Industry Using Data Enveloping Analysis, Faisal Z. Ahmed

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

This paper attempts to address two issues. First, is how to objectively measure carbon dioxide emissions from the generation of electricity that uses predominantly coal. Second, is how to incorporate these ‘environmental’ variables into an efficiency model. Using a technique called Data Enveloping Analysis (DEA) a non-parametric piecewise surface (or frontier) over the data is constructed, so as to be able to calculate technical efficiencies (which I call environmental efficiency) relative to this surface. These ‘environmental efficiency’ measures are analyzed. The technique utilized in this study may be extended to calculate each agent’s allocative and scale efficiencies in order to …

Customer Racial Discrimination In The Professional Sports Card Market: The Case Of League Majority Versus Minority, Tyler Forrest

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

Previous research finds that customer racial discrimination decreases the price of a non-white baseball player’s card but does not decrease the price of a non-white basketball player’s card. This paper seeks to examine if racial minority or league minority affects the value of a trading card. Using disaggregated player performance data from 1977 we explore this question with baseball cards (in which non-white players are the league minority) and basketball cards (in which white non-players are the league majority). Using Tobit regressions, we find that customer discrimination exists against non-white players in both baseball and basketball leagues.

Reconsidering Gender And Investment In The Intrahousehold Decision-Making Process, Lin Johnson Iii

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

In the very recent past, the economics of the household and the economics of development appear to be edging toward a new convergence of concern around the nature and use of assets. However, these two literatures of economics continue to exist in separate spheres. I draw from both bodies of literature in order to examine gender differences in asset portfolios. I find systematic differences in the way that certain assets held by husbands versus wives influence household decision outcomes. A clear understanding of the nature and functions of various types of assets in hands of husbands and wives is necessary …

Housing Preferences Of Spanish-Speaking Migrants, Pueo Keffer

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

In this research I attempt to model and investigate the housing decisions of Spanish-speaking migrants. I use methods developed by Bajari and Kahn (2002) to obtain willingness to pay measurements for the migrant groups in samples drawn from three major California cities. I then apply these results to several hypotheses that attempt to describe current migration patterns of Hispanics into increasingly segregated communities characterized by high levels of crowding, low educational attainment, and high levels of Spanish speakers. This research finds that spoken language plays a significant role in a migrant’s decision process. Spanish-speaking migrants demonstrate a significant preference for …

United States Sugar Trade, Jeremy R. Meiners

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

The best means to understand the effects of the tariff-rate quota system on production and consumption of sugar is by creating an economic model. By analyzing the most recent figures concerning consumption, importation, production, and tariff-rate quotas, an economic model of the sugar market of the United States can be produced. From this model, the effects of the removal of the tariff-rate quota system can be seen, as well as the effects on domestic consumers and producers. Through this model, an accurate picture of whom the tariff-rate quota affects and what these effects are is shown.

Pollution Abatement Costs: Hurting Or Helping Productivity?, Jacqueline M. Volkman

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

This paper analyzes the effect that regulatory inputs or expenditures for labor, materials, and capital have on productivity for three industries (blast furnaces and steel mills, alkalies and chlorine, and petroleum refining). Data is examined from 1973 to 1994 and the growth rate of total factor productivity (TFP) is considered. The pattern of pollution abatement expenditures for three media, water, air, and solid wastes, is also examined graphically. In addition, the measurement for TFP is adjusted to net out regulatory inputs for labor, materials, and capital. A comparison between the original and adjusted measurement of TFP is made for each …

Geography, Industrial Organization, And Agglomeration, Stuart S. Rosenthal, William C. Strange

Center for Policy Research

This paper makes two contributions to the empirical literature on agglomeration economies. First, the paper uses a unique and rich database in conjunction with mapping software to measure the geographic extent of agglomerative externalities. Previous papers have been forced to assume that agglomeration economies are club goods that operate at a metropolitan scale. Second, the paper tests for the existence of organizational agglomeration economies of the kind studied qualitatively by Saxenian (1994). This is a potentially important source of increasing returns that previous empirical work has not considered. Results indicate that localization economies attenuate rapidly and that industrial organization affects …