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2001

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Articles 271 - 300 of 611

Full-Text Articles in Economics

From Plant Closure To Reemployment In The New Economy: Risks To Workers Dislocated From The Declining Garment Manufacturing Industry, Cynthia Rocha Jun 2001

From Plant Closure To Reemployment In The New Economy: Risks To Workers Dislocated From The Declining Garment Manufacturing Industry, Cynthia Rocha

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The current study investigates financial and emotional consequences to workers as the U.S. economy continues to shift from a manufacturing to a service economy. One hundred eighty-eight garment workers were surveyed before their plant closed in 1998 and six months later to assess reemployment opportunities, financial difficulty and emotional well-being. All workers experienced some financial difficulty after the plant closed, with single parents reporting the greatest financial difficulty. Workers who became immediately reemployed lost an average of $2.41 in wages per hour. Sixteen percent of the sample lost their health insurance. Overall depression and anxiety scores declined over six months, …

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Motor Vehicle Taxes As An Environmental Management Instrument: The Case Of Singapore, Ngee-Choon Chia, Sock Yong Phang Jun 2001

Motor Vehicle Taxes As An Environmental Management Instrument: The Case Of Singapore, Ngee-Choon Chia, Sock Yong Phang

Research Collection School Of Economics

Being geographically small, land scarcity poses a potential constraint for economic growth in Singapore. Restraining car ownership and car use through motor vehicle taxes is part of the land-transport policy to ensure smoother traffic flow. This paper analyses the use of motor vehicle taxes in Singapore as an environmental management instrument. It evaluates the effectiveness of ownership and use taxes as instruments to internalise congestion and environment externality. Economic issues relating to the use of such taxes are also highlighted. It concludes that motor vehicle taxes offer Singapore a double dividend.

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Neyman's Smooth Test And Its Use In Econometrics, Anil K. Bera, Aurobindo Ghosh Jun 2001

Neyman's Smooth Test And Its Use In Econometrics, Anil K. Bera, Aurobindo Ghosh

Research Collection School Of Economics

The following essay is a reappraisal of the role of the smooth test proposed by Neyman (1937) in the context of current applications in econometrics. We revisit the derivation of the smooth test and put it into the perspective of the existing literature on tests based on probability integral transforms suggested by early pioneers such as R.A.Fisher (1930, 1932) and Karl Pearson (1933, 1934) and the other tests for goodness-of-fit. Our discussion touches data-driven and other methods of testing and inference on the order of the smooth test and the motivation and choice of orthogonal polynomials used by Neyman and …

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The Incidence And Cost Of Wrongfully Denied Unemployment Benefits, Stephen A. Woodbury, Wayne Vroman Jun 2001

The Incidence And Cost Of Wrongfully Denied Unemployment Benefits, Stephen A. Woodbury, Wayne Vroman

Reports

Since 1987, the U.S. Department of Labor has performed random audits of Unemployment Insurance (UI) payments in order to estimate the extent of benefit payment errors—particularly overpayments. However, the accuracy of the process that determines benefit eligibility is not currently assessed. In particular, the extent to which eligible claimants for UI are wrongfully denied benefits is not known. This paper reports the results of the Denied Claims Accuracy (DCA) Pilot Project, a five-state pilot conducted by the Department of Labor during 1997–98, in which random samples of monetary, separation, and nonseparation denials were subjected to intensive field investigation in order …

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Economic Ties Between China And Pakistan, Ishrat Husain Dr. May 2001

Economic Ties Between China And Pakistan, Ishrat Husain Dr.

Faculty Research - Talks, Speeches, & Discourse

Three decades ago, China was among the world’s poorest countries with 80 per cent of the population having incomes less than US $ 1 per day and only a third of all adults able to read or write. By 2000, China had become one of the fastest growing countries in the world with real per capita growth close to 9 per cent per annum between 1980-2000. Consequently, China’s per capita income doubled every ten years, faster than almost any country in the world. This record is un-paralleled in history. It took UK almost a century, USA 50 years and Korea …

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Slippery When Wet: The Effects Of Local Alcohol Access Laws On Highway Safety, Reagan Anne Baughman, Michael Conlin, Stacy Dickert-Conlin, John V. Pepper May 2001

Slippery When Wet: The Effects Of Local Alcohol Access Laws On Highway Safety, Reagan Anne Baughman, Michael Conlin, Stacy Dickert-Conlin, John V. Pepper

Economics - All Scholarship

Using detailed panel data on local alcohol policy changes in Texas, this paper tests whether the effect of these changes on alcohol-related accidents depends on whether the policy change involves where the alcohol is consumed and the type of alcohol consumed. After controlling for both county and year fixed effects, we find evidence that: (i) the sale of beer and wine may actually decrease expected accidents; and (ii) the sale of higher alcohol-content liquor may present greater risk to highway safety than the sale of just beer and wine.

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Studies On The Formation Of Dna-Cationic Lipid Composite Films And Dna Hybridization In The Composites, Murali Sastry, Vidya Ramakrishnan, Mrunalini Pattarkine, Krishna N. Ganesh May 2001

Studies On The Formation Of Dna-Cationic Lipid Composite Films And Dna Hybridization In The Composites, Murali Sastry, Vidya Ramakrishnan, Mrunalini Pattarkine, Krishna N. Ganesh

Faculty Works

The formation of composite films of double-stranded DNA and cationic lipid molecules (octadecylamine, ODA) and the hybridization of complementary single-stranded DNA molecules in such composite films are demonstrated. The immobilization of DNA is accomplished by simple immersion of a thermally evaporated ODA film in the DNA solution at close to physiological pH. The entrapment of the DNA molecules in the cationic lipid film is dominated by attractive electrostatic interaction between the negatively charged phosphate backbone of the DNA molecules and the protonated amine molecules in the thermally evaporated film and has been quantified using quartz crystal microgravimetry (QCM). Fluorescence studies …

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Power Deregulation: Blessing Or Curse; South Dakota's Hog Market, Gary Taylor, Matthew A. Diersen May 2001

Power Deregulation: Blessing Or Curse; South Dakota's Hog Market, Gary Taylor, Matthew A. Diersen

Economics Commentator (1972- 2016)

No abstract provided.

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Power Deregulation: Blessing Or Curse; South Dakota's Hog Market, Gary Taylor, Matthew A. Diersen May 2001

Power Deregulation: Blessing Or Curse; South Dakota's Hog Market, Gary Taylor, Matthew A. Diersen

Economics Commentator (1972- 2016)

No abstract provided.

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The Mind-Body Problem: A Tuberculosis/Tobacco Example, Ibpp Editor May 2001

The Mind-Body Problem: A Tuberculosis/Tobacco Example, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article illustrates two conflicts between what is, perhaps, best for the mind and best for the body.

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Reevaluating U.S. Intellectual Property Right Policy In The Face Of Globalization: Moving Beyond Trips And Special 301, Warren Jr. Newberry May 2001

Reevaluating U.S. Intellectual Property Right Policy In The Face Of Globalization: Moving Beyond Trips And Special 301, Warren Jr. Newberry

Honors Theses

In this paper, I intend to expand upon Mastanduno's ground-breaking inquiry by analyzing the motivating factors behind the behavior of the United States in its attempt to establish and maintain an international intellectual property rights regime. The international intellectual property rights system, established at the 1994 Uruguay Round of GATT, represents an international agreement with unprecedented reach into domestic state affairs. This ambitious attempt at establishing a high international norm of intellectual property protection was created as a result of inflexible American resolve. I will attempt to identify the initial impetus that helped define U.S. action--was it relative gains considerations …

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Rural Economic Development: Worker Cooperatives And Employment Of People With Disabilities Part Three, Charles Sperry, Joyce Brusin, Tom Seekins Ph.D., University Of Montana Rural Institute May 2001

Rural Economic Development: Worker Cooperatives And Employment Of People With Disabilities Part Three, Charles Sperry, Joyce Brusin, Tom Seekins Ph.D., University Of Montana Rural Institute

Employment

The opportunities for self-empowerment and economic justice found in the worker cooperative structure may be especially relevant for people with disabilities, who as a population tend to experience extraordinarily high rates of unemployment. People with disabilities already successfully engage in a wide range of employment and self-employment situations (Seekins & Arnold, 1996; Shelley, 1999). Employment within a worker cooperative structure carries many benefits for people with disabilities and requires only a few carefully structured adaptations. Benefits include fair wages and an equitable share of profits; authority to manage the business in the best interest of the worker-members; a community-friendly business …

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Dollarization And The Mexican Labor Market, George J. Borjas, Eric O'N. Fisher May 2001

Dollarization And The Mexican Labor Market, George J. Borjas, Eric O'N. Fisher

Economics

This paper examines how dollarization affects the internal wage structure in the Mexican labor market, and alters the incentives of Mexican nationals to emigrate to the United States. A simple model shows that by adopting a fixed rate regime tied directly to the U.S. dollar, Mexican policy makers are in effect giving up “a degree of freedom” in their toolkit of policy remedies. If there are imperfections in the Mexican economy, such as downward wage rigidity, an adverse economic shock would generate more unemployment in a dollarized economy, further increasing the propensity of Mexican workers to migrate to the United …

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An Analysis Of Second Time Around Bankruptcies Using A Split-Population Duration Model, Arindam Bandopadhyaya, Sanjiv Jaggia May 2001

An Analysis Of Second Time Around Bankruptcies Using A Split-Population Duration Model, Arindam Bandopadhyaya, Sanjiv Jaggia

Economics

A significant proportion of firms that reorganize under Chapter 11 file for a second Chapter 11 protection or liquidate. We use a "split-population" duration model that provides useful information regarding factors that could lead to a second bankruptcy. We find that the probability (hazard) of a firm re-entering bankruptcy is lower for firms that take a long time to reorganize, reduce their debt-to-assets ratio, do not divest, belong to an industry that has low capacity utilization and low demand growth. We also find that the probability of an average firm re-entering bankruptcy increases for about 4 years before declining.

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The Reforms Of China's State Enterprises, The Bank System And The Relationship Between Them, Zheng Li May 2001

The Reforms Of China's State Enterprises, The Bank System And The Relationship Between Them, Zheng Li

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

China's economic reform is now at a critical stage ofrestructuring the financial sector and state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Although refonns have accomplished much over the past two decades, many problems still exist in these two sectors. Chinese banks and enterprises influence and interweave with each other. The banks can't operate fuJly as commercial banks until the principal borrowers are fully reformed. SOEs cannot become profitable unless the banking system is commercialized and stops making poHcy loans to the money-losing enterprises. How can China reform its banking system and SOEs to achieve sustained long-term growth? This study focuses on the reform of …

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Same Planet - New World?: A Chronicle Of The American Century, Don P. Diffine Ph.D. May 2001

Same Planet - New World?: A Chronicle Of The American Century, Don P. Diffine Ph.D.

Belden Center Books

This book is a normative audit of the past hundred years in the U.S. economy. As we tiptoe into the new millennium, we are the oldest living republic. However, let's remember that our Constitution doesn't guarantee us a good life, prosperous life, a happy life, or even a long life. It only offers the protection of life. We make of our lives what we will. We should bet on the long run future success of American capitalism. If we don't have a future, nobody does.

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Capital Access And Financial Services In El Paso, David A. Schauer, Dennis L. Soden May 2001

Capital Access And Financial Services In El Paso, David A. Schauer, Dennis L. Soden

IPED Technical Reports

This study was undertaken in the spring of 2000 by the Public Policy Research Center at the University of Texas at El Paso on behalf of the El Paso Leadership and Research Council. Using input from a variety of business and community leaders over a two month period, the study was designed with the following overall objective: to assess the El Paso small business sector’s access to capital (debt, equity, and human/information) and the role of commercial banks in this process. To accomplish these objectives this study looked at multiple aspects of the current banking and lending situation in El …

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The Reforms Of China's State Enterprises, The Bank System And The Relationship Between Them, Zheng Li May 2001

The Reforms Of China's State Enterprises, The Bank System And The Relationship Between Them, Zheng Li

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

China's economic reform is now at a critical stage ofrestructuring the financial sector and state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Although reforms have accomplished much over the past two decades, many problems still exist in these two sectors. Chinese banks and enterprises influence and interweave with each other. The banks can't operate fully as commercial banks until the principal borrowers are fully reformed. SOEs cannot become profitable unless the banking system is commercialized and stops making policy loans to the money-losing enterprises. How can China reform its banking system and SOEs to achieve sustained long-term growth? This study focuses on the reform of …

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Entry And Vertical Differentiation, Dirk Bergemann, Juuso Välimäki May 2001

Entry And Vertical Differentiation, Dirk Bergemann, Juuso Välimäki

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper analyzes the entry of new products into vertically differentiated markets where an entrant and an incumbent compete in quantities. The value of the new product is initially uncertain and new information is generated through purchases in the market. We derive the (unique) Markov perfect equilibrium of the infinite horizon game under the strong long run average payoff criterion. The qualitative features of the optimal entry strategy are shown to depend exclusively on the relative ranking of established and new products based on current beliefs. Superior products are launched relatively slowly and at high initial prices whereas substitutes for …

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Default And Punishment In General Equilibrium, Pradeep Dubey, John Geanakoplos, Martin Shubik May 2001

Default And Punishment In General Equilibrium, Pradeep Dubey, John Geanakoplos, Martin Shubik

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We extend the standard model of general equilibrium with incomplete markets to allow for default and punishment. The equilibrating variables include expected delivery rates, along with the usual prices of assets and commodities. By reinterpreting the variables, our model encompasses a broad range of adverse selection, and signalling phenomena (including the Akerlof lemons model and Rothschild-Stiglitz insurance model) and some moral hazard problems in a general equilibrium framework. Despite earlier claims about the nonexistence of equilibrium with adverse selection, we show that equilibrium always exists. We show that more lenient punishment which encourages default may be Pareto improving because it …

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Default And Punishment In General Equilibrium, Pradeep Dubey, John Geanakoplos, Martin Shubik May 2001

Default And Punishment In General Equilibrium, Pradeep Dubey, John Geanakoplos, Martin Shubik

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We extend the standard model of general equilibrium with incomplete markets to allow for default and punishment by thinking of assets as pools. The equilibrating variables include expected delivery rates, along with the usual prices of assets and commodities. By reinterpreting the variables, our model encompasses a broad range of adverse selection and signalling phenomena in a perfectly competitive, general equilibrium framework. Perfect competition eliminates the need for lenders to compute how the size of their loan or the price they quote might affect default rates. It also makes for a simple equilibrium refinement, which we propose in order to …

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Fiscal Policy: Its Macroeconomics In Perspective, James Tobin May 2001

Fiscal Policy: Its Macroeconomics In Perspective, James Tobin

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

President George W. Bush is preparing a drastic permanent reduction in federal income and estate taxes. He cites as precedents tax cuts by Kennedy-Johnson 1962-64 and Reagan 1981. In those cases, however, the economy was operating well below full employment and needed a “demand-side” stimulus (even though Reagan advertised his tax reduction as “supply-side”). In 2001, however, the economy is very close to full employment, and if it needs a stimulus at all, it is a quick modest temporary one instead of the large permanent one proposed. And why can’t monetary policy do the job of stabilization, as it did …

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Bubbles, Human Judgment, And Expert Opinion, Robert J. Shiller May 2001

Bubbles, Human Judgment, And Expert Opinion, Robert J. Shiller

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Research in psychology and behavioral finance is surveyed for evidence to what extent experts such as professional investment managers or endowment trustees may behave in such a way as to help perpetuate speculative bubbles in financial markets. This paper discusses scholarly psychological literature on the representativeness heuristic, overconfidence, attentional anomalies, self-esteem, conformity pressures, salience and justification for insights into weaknesses in expert opinion. The role of the prudent person standard and the news media in influencing experts is considered. The relevance of the literature on testing of the efficient markets theory is discussed.

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Default And Punishment In General Equilibrium, Pradeep Dubey, John Geanakoplos, Martin Shubik May 2001

Default And Punishment In General Equilibrium, Pradeep Dubey, John Geanakoplos, Martin Shubik

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We extend the standard model of general equilibrium with incomplete markets to allow for default and punishment. The equilibrating variables include expected delivery rates, along with the usual prices of assets and commodities. By reinterpreting the variables, our model encompasses a broad range of moral hazard, adverse selection, and signalling phenomena (including the Akerlof lemons model and Rothschild-Stiglitz insurance model) in a general equilibrium framework. We impose a condition on the expected delivery rates for untraded assets that is similar to the trembling hand refinements used in game theory. Despite earlier claims about the nonexistence of equilibrium with adverse selection, …

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Default And Punishment In General Equilibrium, Pradeep Dubey, John Geanakoplos, Martin Shubik May 2001

Default And Punishment In General Equilibrium, Pradeep Dubey, John Geanakoplos, Martin Shubik

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We extend the standard model of general equilibrium with incomplete markets to allow for default and punishment. The equilibrating variables include expected delivery rates, along with the usual prices of assets and commodities. By reinterpreting the variables, our model encompasses a broad range of adverse selection and signalling phenomena (including the Akerlof lemons model and the Rothschild-Stiglitz insurance model) in a general equilibrium framework. Despite earlier claims about the nonexistence of equilibrium with adverse selection, we show that equilibrium always exists. We show that more lenient punishment which encourages default may be Pareto improving because it increases the dimension of …

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Default And Punishment In General Equilibrium, Pradeep Dubey, John Geanakoplos, Martin Shubik May 2001

Default And Punishment In General Equilibrium, Pradeep Dubey, John Geanakoplos, Martin Shubik

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We extend the standard model of general equilibrium with incomplete markets to allow for default and punishment by thinking of assets as pools. The equilibrating variables include expected delivery rates, along with the usual prices of assets and commodities. By reinterpreting the variables, our model encompasses a broad range of adverse selection and signalling phenomena (including the Rothschild-Stiglitz insurance model) in a general equilibrium framework. In contrast to game-theoretic models of adverse selection, our perfectly competitive framework eliminates the need for lenders to compute how the size of their loan or the price they quote might affect default rates. The …

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Default And Punishment In General Equilibrium, Pradeep Dubey, John Geanakoplos, Martin Shubik May 2001

Default And Punishment In General Equilibrium, Pradeep Dubey, John Geanakoplos, Martin Shubik

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We extend the standard model of general equilibrium with incomplete markets to allow for default and punishment by thinking of assets as pools. The equilibrating variables include expected delivery rates, along with the usual prices of assets and commodities. By reinterpreting the variables, our model encompasses a broad range of adverse selection and signalling phenomena in a perfectly competitive, general equilibrium framework. Perfect competition eliminates the need for lenders to compute how the size of their loan or the price they quote might affect default rates. It also makes for a simple equilibrium refinement, which we propose in order to …

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Signalling And Default: Rothschild-Stiglitz Reconsidered, Pradeep Dubey, John Geanakoplos May 2001

Signalling And Default: Rothschild-Stiglitz Reconsidered, Pradeep Dubey, John Geanakoplos

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

In our previous paper we built a general equilibrium model of default and punishment in which equilibrium always exists and endogenously determines asset promises, penalties, and sales constraints. In this paper we interpret the endogenous sales constraints as equilibrium signals. By specializing the default penalties and imposing an exclusivity constraint on asset sales, we obtain a perfectly competitive version of the Rothschild-Stiglitz model of insurance. In our model their separating equilibrium always exists even when they say it doesn’t.

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Scale Economies In Public Education: Evidence From School Level Data, Ryan C. Bosworth May 2001

Scale Economies In Public Education: Evidence From School Level Data, Ryan C. Bosworth

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The structure of school finance regimes in the United States has been a subject of much political and legal debate over the past three decades. Court rulings have required many states to restructure school financing methods in order to pursue some concept of equality. Achieving equality of spending is, of course, a simple matter. Developing a funding mechanism that provides for equality of educational opportunity. however, is difficult since such a system, by definition, must allow for cost differences across schools and districts.

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Interview: Dr. Ishrat Husain, Governor, State Bank Of Pakistan, Badruddin Fakhri May 2001

Interview: Dr. Ishrat Husain, Governor, State Bank Of Pakistan, Badruddin Fakhri

Faculty Research - Newspaper and Magazine Articles

Dr. Ishrat Husain took over the charge of the office of the Governor, State Bank of Pakistan, with effect form 2M December, 1999. Prior to his appointment as Governor, SBP. Dr. Ishrat Husain was working as Director for Central Asian Republics, managing the World Bank's relations, programs and policies with these countries. Earlier, he was Director, Poverty and Social Policy Department of the World Bank responsible for the Bank's policies and strategy development in the areas of Poverty Reduction, Gender, NGOs and Public Sector Reforms and Governance

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