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Full-Text Articles in Economics

An Empirical Analysis Of Factors That Distinguish Those Who Evade On Their Tax Return From Those Who Choose Not To File A Return, Steven E. Crane, Farrokh Nourzad Jan 1994

An Empirical Analysis Of Factors That Distinguish Those Who Evade On Their Tax Return From Those Who Choose Not To File A Return, Steven E. Crane, Farrokh Nourzad

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

This paper presents an empirical model distinguishing evaders who cheat by filing fraudulent income tax returns from those who do not file. Using a maximum-likelihood procedure that corrects for sample selection bias, and data from Michigan's amnesty program, we estimate a linear probability model which relates the probability of filing to various economic and demographic characteristics. The results indicate that higher true income and automatic withholding raise the probability of filing, while males and single individuals are less likely to file. The evidence regarding a grouping of occupations often thought to be association with evasion is inconclusive.


Does Exchange Rate Variability Depress Trade Flows ? Evidence From Error Correction Models, Abdur Chowdhury Nov 1993

Does Exchange Rate Variability Depress Trade Flows ? Evidence From Error Correction Models, Abdur Chowdhury

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

This paper examines the impact of exchange rate volatility on the trade flows of the G-7 countries in the context of a multivariate error-correction model. The error-correction models do not show any sign of parameter instability. The results indicate that the exchange rate volatility has a significant negative impact on the volume of exports in each of the G-7 countries. Assuming market participants are risk averse, these results imply that exchange rate uncertainty causes them to reduce their activities, change prices, or shift sources of demand and supply in order to minimize their exposure to the effects of exchange rate …


Review Of Business Cycles: Theory, History, Indicators, And Forecasting By Victor Zarnowitz, Abdur Chowdhury Oct 1993

Review Of Business Cycles: Theory, History, Indicators, And Forecasting By Victor Zarnowitz, Abdur Chowdhury

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Review Of The History And Philosophy Of Social Science By S. Gordon, John B. Davis Apr 1993

Review Of The History And Philosophy Of Social Science By S. Gordon, John B. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Ricardo's Theory Of Profit And The Third Edition Of The Principles, John B. Davis Apr 1993

Ricardo's Theory Of Profit And The Third Edition Of The Principles, John B. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

David Ricardo's “On Machinery” chapter continues to interest theorists and historians of economic thought (Blaug 1958, Hollander 1979, Kurz 1984, Samuelson, 1988, 1989, Morishima 1989, Negishi 1990). Yet the addition of the chapter to the third edition of Ricardo's Principles of Political Economy and Taxation arguably overturns much of the view for which Ricardo is so well known (Davis 1989). In the added chapter Ricardo allows, contrary to his original view in the first two editions, that the introduction of machinery is indeed injurious to the class of laborers. More interestingly, because machinery substitutes for labor, wages cannot rise and …


Introduction To The Social Economics Of Human Material Need, John B. Davis Jan 1993

Introduction To The Social Economics Of Human Material Need, John B. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Interpretation Of Interpersonal Utility Comparisons: Positive, Normative Or Descriptive, John B. Davis Jul 1992

Interpretation Of Interpersonal Utility Comparisons: Positive, Normative Or Descriptive, John B. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

While interpersonal utility comparisons are indispensable to the determination of utility maxima, their interpretation as either normative or positive produces awkward conclusions. This paper alternatively reinterprets interpersonal utility comparisons as descriptive and value-laden rather than as either normative or positive. On this basis they are characterized as functional concepts, and are thus argued to be objective. This treatment suggests that it is possible to derive evaluative statements from descriptive ones, contrary to the usual view of the is-ought problem. Recent philosophy of language results are employed to support these views.


Review Of Profit And Enterprise: The Political Economy Of Profit, John B. Davis Jun 1992

Review Of Profit And Enterprise: The Political Economy Of Profit, John B. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Economic Summit Declarations, 1975-1989: Examining The Written Record Of International Cooperation, George M. Von Furstenberg, Joseph P. Daniels Feb 1992

Economic Summit Declarations, 1975-1989: Examining The Written Record Of International Cooperation, George M. Von Furstenberg, Joseph P. Daniels

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

This study audits commitments contained in economic declarations made following fifteen annual economic summit meetings of the United States, Japan, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, and Canada from 1975 to 1989. It concludes that country executives make commitments in good faith but that subsequent compliance is impeded domestically by lack of control over the instruments of implementation and internationally by the absence of specified supporting policies or acts of international coordination. In addition, the language used in the declarations necessarily reflects the exigencies of diplomacy and is therefore usually imprecise. Even though the credibility of summit undertakings is generally …


Atomism, Identity Criteria, And Impossibility Logic, John B. Davis Jan 1992

Atomism, Identity Criteria, And Impossibility Logic, John B. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Analyzing Income Tax Evasion Using Amnesty Data With Self-Selection Correction: The Case Of The Michigan Tax Amnesty Program, Steven E. Crane, Farrokh Nourzad Jan 1992

Analyzing Income Tax Evasion Using Amnesty Data With Self-Selection Correction: The Case Of The Michigan Tax Amnesty Program, Steven E. Crane, Farrokh Nourzad

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Adam Smith's Influence On Hegel's Philosophical Writings, James P. Henderson, John B. Davis Oct 1991

Adam Smith's Influence On Hegel's Philosophical Writings, James P. Henderson, John B. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Review Of The Awakening Of The Soviet Union By Geoffrey Hosking, Abdur Chowdhury Apr 1991

Review Of The Awakening Of The Soviet Union By Geoffrey Hosking, Abdur Chowdhury

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


The Urbanization Deflator Of The Gnp, 1919-1984: Reply, Haim Ofek, David E. Clark, James R. Kahn Apr 1991

The Urbanization Deflator Of The Gnp, 1919-1984: Reply, Haim Ofek, David E. Clark, James R. Kahn

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Keynes And Philosophy: An Introduction, Bradley W. Bateman, John B. Davis Mar 1991

Keynes And Philosophy: An Introduction, Bradley W. Bateman, John B. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Was The 1983-84 Recovery Due More To Demand Or Supply Shocks?, Farrokh Nourzad Jan 1991

Was The 1983-84 Recovery Due More To Demand Or Supply Shocks?, Farrokh Nourzad

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Keynes's View Of Economics As A Moral Science, John B. Davis Jan 1991

Keynes's View Of Economics As A Moral Science, John B. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


The Slowdown In Soviet Defense Expenditures: Comment, Abdur Chowdhury, Josef C. Brada, Ronald L. Graves Oct 1990

The Slowdown In Soviet Defense Expenditures: Comment, Abdur Chowdhury, Josef C. Brada, Ronald L. Graves

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

The reason for the apparently opposing results in Brada and Graves' (1988) attempt to explain the reasons for the slowdown in USSR defense expenditures in the mid-1970s is that their analysis suffers from a serious serial correlation problem. The majority of the regressions display Durbin-Watson statistics that reject the null hypothesis of no autocorrelation. A reestimation of their results, after correcting for serial correlation, changes some of their major conclusions regarding the factors influencing Soviet defense spending. The corrected results indicate that no structural break occurred in the mid-1970s. These results suggest that there has been no change in Soviet …


Review Of Perestroika And The Economy: New Thinking On Soviet Economics By Anthony Jones And William Moskoff, Abdur Chowdhury Jul 1990

Review Of Perestroika And The Economy: New Thinking On Soviet Economics By Anthony Jones And William Moskoff, Abdur Chowdhury

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Tax Rates And Tax Evasion: Evidence From California Amnesty Data, Steven E. Crane, Farrokh Nourzad Jun 1990

Tax Rates And Tax Evasion: Evidence From California Amnesty Data, Steven E. Crane, Farrokh Nourzad

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

The effect of marginal tax rates on income tax evasion is examined using data from the California Tax Amnesty Program, which provided amnesty for people who had not filed returns, had filed inaccurate returns, or were delinquent in paying their tax liabilities. People under criminal investigation were not eligible. After correcting for the selectivity bias, it was found that tax evaders respond to higher marginal tax rates by increasing their evasion activity. The results also confirm the theoretical prediction that people with higher levels of income tend to evade more. The absolute and relative sizes of income and tax rate …


Cooter And Rappoport On The Normative, John B. Davis Apr 1990

Cooter And Rappoport On The Normative, John B. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

In a recent examination of the origins of ordinal utility theory in neoclassical economics, Robert D. Cooter and Peter Rappoport argue that the ordinalist revolution of the 1930s, after which most economists abandoned interpersonal utility comparisons as normative and unscientific, constituted neither unambiguous progress in economic science nor the abandonment of normative theorizing, as many economists and historians of economic thought have generally believed (Cooter and Rappoport, 1984). Rather, the widespread acceptance of ordinalism, with its focus on Pareto optimality, simply represented the emergence of a new neoclassical research agenda that, on the one hand, defined economics differently than had …


Review Of Money, History, And International Finance: Essays In Honor Of Anna J. Schwartz By Michael D. Bordo, Abdur Chowdhury Apr 1990

Review Of Money, History, And International Finance: Essays In Honor Of Anna J. Schwartz By Michael D. Bordo, Abdur Chowdhury

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Comments On The Rhetoric Project In Methodology, John B. Davis Jan 1990

Comments On The Rhetoric Project In Methodology, John B. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Clark A. Warburton (1896-1979), John B. Davis Jan 1990

Clark A. Warburton (1896-1979), John B. Davis

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Monetary And Fiscal Policy As A Stabilization Tool: The Case Of Korea And Turkey, Abdur Chowdhury Apr 1989

Monetary And Fiscal Policy As A Stabilization Tool: The Case Of Korea And Turkey, Abdur Chowdhury

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Money Demand And The Effects Of Fiscal Policies: A Comment, Farrokh Nourzad, James Mcgibany Nov 1988

Money Demand And The Effects Of Fiscal Policies: A Comment, Farrokh Nourzad, James Mcgibany

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Changes In R&D Expenditure And Productivity Growth: A Causal Analysis, Mawdudur Rahman, Abdur Chowdhury Apr 1988

Changes In R&D Expenditure And Productivity Growth: A Causal Analysis, Mawdudur Rahman, Abdur Chowdhury

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

A study was conducted to directly test the presence of causal relationship between changes in research and development (R&D) expenditure and productivity growth. Granger causality tests are performed using annual time series data for the period 1956-1983. Three measures of productivity are used -- National Income, National Income per person employed, and National Income per hour of work in the nonresidential business sector. Results show that changes in R&D expenditure affect the growth rate of the 3 productivity measures with different degrees of intensity. National Income per hour of work shows the highest growth rate, with the peak effect occurring …


The Infant Mortality-Fertility Debate: Some International Evidence, Abdur Chowdhury Jan 1988

The Infant Mortality-Fertility Debate: Some International Evidence, Abdur Chowdhury

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


Amnesty For State Tax Evaders: Lessons From The California Experience, Steven E. Crane, Farrokh Nourzad Jan 1988

Amnesty For State Tax Evaders: Lessons From The California Experience, Steven E. Crane, Farrokh Nourzad

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.


City Size, Quality Of Life, And The Urbanization Deflator Of The Gnp: 1910-1984, David E. Clark, James R. Kahn, Haim Ofek Jan 1988

City Size, Quality Of Life, And The Urbanization Deflator Of The Gnp: 1910-1984, David E. Clark, James R. Kahn, Haim Ofek

Economics Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.