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Articles 181 - 210 of 415
Full-Text Articles in Economics
Peter Danner 1921-2008, John B. Davis
Peter Danner 1921-2008, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Identity And Individual Economic Agents: A Narrative Approach, John B. Davis
Identity And Individual Economic Agents: A Narrative Approach, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
This paper offers an account of how individuals act as agents when we employ a narrative approach to explaining their personal identities. It applies Korsgaard's idea of a “reflective structure of consciousness” to provide foundations for a richer account of the individual economic agent, and uses this to explain and distinguish the concepts of personal identity, individual identity, and social identity. The paper argues that individuals’ personal identities may be in conflict with their socially constructed individual identities. Individuals’ social identities are represented as a link between personal identity, and individual identity. The overall framework is proposed as an alternative …
Manufacturing Fdi And Economic Growth: Evidence From Asian Economies, Miao Wang
Manufacturing Fdi And Economic Growth: Evidence From Asian Economies, Miao Wang
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
Previous empirical studies on inward foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth generate mixed results. This article suggests that the ambiguous results might be caused by the use of total FDI. We study the heterogeneous effects of different sector-level FDI inflows on host country’s economic growth. Data from 12 Asian economies over the period of 1987 to 1997 are employed. Strong evidence shows that FDI in manufacturing sector has a significant and positive effect on economic growth in the host economies. FDI inflows in nonmanufacturing sectors do not play a significant role in enhancing economic growth. Furthermore, without the decomposition …
Committee Size And Smart Growth: An Optimal Solution, Russell Kashian, Heather Kohls
Committee Size And Smart Growth: An Optimal Solution, Russell Kashian, Heather Kohls
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
Wisconsin is one of many states that have enacted a “Smart Growth Initiative” law that requires inclusion of the public in the creation and development of a Comprehensive Plan. One implication of public participation is the strategic development of a comprehensive planning committee. Two crucial decisions occur when the committee is formed: the size of the committee and the composition of the committee. This paper models a relation between committee size and the accuracy of plan, as well as the relationship between the inclusion of experts, whether paid consultants or planners, and the quality of the outcome. Based on a …
Local Employment, Poverty, And Property Value Effects Of Geographically-Targeted Tax Incentives: An Instrumental Variables Approach, Andrew R. Hanson
Local Employment, Poverty, And Property Value Effects Of Geographically-Targeted Tax Incentives: An Instrumental Variables Approach, Andrew R. Hanson
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
The federal Empowerment Zone (EZ) program is a set of tax incentives targeted to areas of select cities. I estimate the effect of the EZ program on employment, poverty, and property values by comparing areas that received an EZ to areas that applied (and qualified), but were rejected. Because of endogeneity concerns, I use political representation to instrument for EZ designation. OLS results show a positive and statistically significant effect of the program on employment and poverty. IV estimates suggest the program had no effect on employment and poverty, and instead had a large statistically significant effect on property values.
Competing Conceptions Of The Individual In Recent Economics, John B. Davis
Competing Conceptions Of The Individual In Recent Economics, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
This article characterizes the Homo economicus conception in terms of three linked properties that are central to it as an atomist conception. On the standard view, individuals: have exogenous preferences; interact only (or almost only) in an indirect manner with one another through the price mechanism; and are unaffected in these two respects by the aggregate effects of their interaction with one another. The new research programs differ in how objectionable they find each of these properties, as befits their different commitments to synchronic or diachronic forms of explanation. Furthermore, this article reviews the role of synchronic and diachronic types …
Identity, John B. Davis
Identity, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Individualism, John B. Davis
Individualism, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
The Turn In Recent Economics And Return Of Orthodoxy, John B. Davis
The Turn In Recent Economics And Return Of Orthodoxy, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
This paper examines change on the economics research frontier, and asks whether the current competition between new research programmes may be supplanted by a new single dominant approach in the future. The paper discusses whether economics tends to be dominated by a single approach or reflect a pluralism of approaches, and argues that, historically, it has alternated between the two. It argues that orthodoxy usually emerges from heterodoxy, and interprets the division between orthodoxy and heterodoxy in terms of a core–periphery distinction. Regarding recent economics, the paper maps out two different types of combinations of new research programmes as being …
Does Real Exchange Rate Volatility Affect Foreign Direct Investment? Evidence From Four Developed Economies, Abdur Chowdhury, Mark Wheeler
Does Real Exchange Rate Volatility Affect Foreign Direct Investment? Evidence From Four Developed Economies, Abdur Chowdhury, Mark Wheeler
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
This study examines the impact of shocks to exchange rate uncertainty (volatility) on foreign direct investment (FDI) in Canada, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The analysis is conducted using vector autoregressive models that contain the price level, real output, the real exchange rate, the volatility of the real exchange rate, the interest rate, and FDI. The results from variance decompositions yield public policy implications. In Canada, Japan, and the United States, innovations to exchange rate uncertainty explain significant portions of the forecast error variance in FDI at longer time horizons. The impulse response functions indicate that, to …
The Change In And State Of Recent Economics, John B. Davis
The Change In And State Of Recent Economics, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Openness And The Efficiency Of Fdi: A Panel Stochastic Production Frontier Study, Farrokh Nourzad
Openness And The Efficiency Of Fdi: A Panel Stochastic Production Frontier Study, Farrokh Nourzad
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
This paper uses a stochastic translog production frontier to estimate technical inefficiency indices whose conditional mean is specified as a function of FDI and its interaction with openness of the economy. The model is estimated using an annual panel of 46 countries for the years, 1981–2001. The results suggest that increased FDI increases potential output in both developed and developing countries with the effect being more profound in the former. It is also found that increased FDI reduces technical inefficiencies the more open is the economy but that this effect holds only for developed economies. Thus qualified support is found …
Social Economics: An Introduction And A View Of The Field, John B. Davis, Wilfred Dolfsma
Social Economics: An Introduction And A View Of The Field, John B. Davis, Wilfred Dolfsma
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Urban Watershed/Water Body Restoration - The Driving Forces, Vladimir Novotny, David E. Clark, Robert J. Griffin
Urban Watershed/Water Body Restoration - The Driving Forces, Vladimir Novotny, David E. Clark, Robert J. Griffin
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
Urban streams are used for several purposes. Some uses are conflicting and some are complementary. The use of urban water bodies and the resolution of conflicts is driven by anthropogenic and biocentric/ecocentric interests that must be optimized and the conflicts resolved. This article examines and analyzes land ethics (biocentric) and socio-economic (anthropocentric) drives for stream restoration of urban watersheds located in the Milwaukee (WI) metropolitan area. The basins experienced increased flooding, significant degradation of sediment and water quality, and loss of aquatic species, all due to urbanization. It was found that the primary drivers for restoration of urban streams are …
The Conception Of The Socially Embedded Individual, John B. Davis
The Conception Of The Socially Embedded Individual, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Heterodox Economics, The Fragmentation Of The Mainstream, And Embedded Individual Analysis, John B. Davis
Heterodox Economics, The Fragmentation Of The Mainstream, And Embedded Individual Analysis, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Complex Individuals: The Individual In Non-Euclidian Space, John B. Davis
Complex Individuals: The Individual In Non-Euclidian Space, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Capping The Mortgage Interest Deduction, John E. Anderson, Jeffrey Clemens, Andrew R. Hanson
Capping The Mortgage Interest Deduction, John E. Anderson, Jeffrey Clemens, Andrew R. Hanson
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
In this paper we examine the economic implications of several policy options for capping the mortgage interest deduction (MID). We extend the standard user–cost model of owner–occupied housing to include a cap on the mortgage size receiving tax–favored status. Our user–cost estimates for taxpayers with mortgages above the current–law cap are 4.41 percent higher than estimates from a model without the cap. We simulate the share of mortgage dollars that would be subject to three alternative cap policy variants and summarize the distributional impacts of each proposal, computing the share of mortgage dollars impacted across U.S. Metropolitan Areas.
Why Is Economics Not Yet A Pluralistic Science?, John B. Davis
Why Is Economics Not Yet A Pluralistic Science?, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
The Individual In Mainstream Health Economics: A Case Of Persona Non-Grata?, John B. Davis, Robert Mcmaster
The Individual In Mainstream Health Economics: A Case Of Persona Non-Grata?, John B. Davis, Robert Mcmaster
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
This paper is motivated by Davis’ [14] theory of the individual in economics. Davis’ analysis is applied to health economics, where the individual is conceived as a utility maximiser, although capable of regarding others’ welfare through interdependent utility functions. Nonetheless, this provides a restrictive and flawed account, engendering a narrow and abstract conception of care grounded in Paretian value and Cartesian analytical frames. Instead, a richer account of the socially embedded individual is advocated, which employs collective intentionality analysis. This provides a sound foundation for research into an approach to health policy that promotes health as a basic human right.
The Turn In Economics And The Turn In Economic Methodology, John B. Davis
The Turn In Economics And The Turn In Economic Methodology, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Does Financial Openness Promote Economic Integration?, Fabrizio Carmignani, Abdur Chowdhury
Does Financial Openness Promote Economic Integration?, Fabrizio Carmignani, Abdur Chowdhury
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
We estimate the effect of financial openness on economic integration for two clusters of countries: the formerly planned economies of Eastern Europe and central Asia (emerging market economies) and some western advanced economies. We focus on two dimensions of economic integration: convergence of per-capita incomes across countries and trade integration. We employ both single equation estimation and system estimation to account for endogenous links between trade integration and income convergence. Results show that in the cluster of emerging market economies, financial openness is a powerful instrument of economic integration. In the group of advanced economies, financial openness effectively facilitates income …
Review Of Economic Theory And Cognitive Science By Don Ross, John B. Davis
Review Of Economic Theory And Cognitive Science By Don Ross, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Postmodernism And The Individual As A Process: Comment On Ruccio And Amariglio, John B. Davis
Postmodernism And The Individual As A Process: Comment On Ruccio And Amariglio, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Akerlof And Kranton On Identity In Economics: Inverting The Analysis, John B. Davis
Akerlof And Kranton On Identity In Economics: Inverting The Analysis, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
The concept of identity was introduced into the neoclassical utility maximising framework by Akerlof and Kranton in an analysis which draws directly from social psychology's social identity approach and self-categorisation theory. This paper examines their analysis, and compares the social identity approach and an alternative social psychology identity framework called the sociological approach to identity. Using this comparison, the paper argues that their treating identity as an argument in the utility function leaves unaddressed how individuals' different social identities are related. The paper suggests a framework for addressing this issue by embedding their utility function in a personal identity objective …
Neuroeconomics, Philosophy Of Mind, And Identity, John B. Davis
Neuroeconomics, Philosophy Of Mind, And Identity, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Identity And Commitment: Sen's Fourth Aspect Of The Self, John B. Davis
Identity And Commitment: Sen's Fourth Aspect Of The Self, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Effective Foreign Aid, Economic Integration And Subsidiarity: Lessons From Europe, Abdur Chowdhury, Paolo Garonna
Effective Foreign Aid, Economic Integration And Subsidiarity: Lessons From Europe, Abdur Chowdhury, Paolo Garonna
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
The paper shows that the question that is relevant for the debate on the efficacy of development assistance is not so much as an issue of how much, but rather for what. In view of the growing awareness of ODA’s inefficiency in achieving intended aims, this paper proposes an alternative approach to development assistance policies – economic integration and subsidiarity provides the conditions necessary for ODA to produce higher rates of economic growth on a sustainable basis. Europe is an excellent case in point, in this context. Europe has in the last decades experienced a number of success stories in …
The Nature Of Heterodox Economics, John B. Davis
The Nature Of Heterodox Economics, John B. Davis
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
No abstract provided.
Openness, The Sacrifice Ratio, And Inflation: Is There A Puzzle?, Joseph P. Daniels, David D. Vanhoose
Openness, The Sacrifice Ratio, And Inflation: Is There A Puzzle?, Joseph P. Daniels, David D. Vanhoose
Economics Faculty Research and Publications
The standard time-inconsistency-based explanation for the negative correlation between openness and inflation requires an inverse relationship between the sacrifice ratio and openness, but Daniels et al. (2005, Openness, central bank independence, and the sacrifice ratio. Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking 37 (2), 371–379.) have provided evidence that controlling for central bank independence reveals a positive relationship. This paper embeds the time-inconsistency approach within a model of a multisector, imperfectly competitive, open economy. In this setting, greater openness raises the sacrifice ratio but reduces the inflation bias. Thus, failure to observe an inverse relationship between openness and the sacrifice ratio …