Counselor Education Commons^™

Chronological Intersectionality: Navigating Off-Time Career Reinvention For Women At Midlife And Beyond, Sara W. Bailey

Adultspan Journal

Counselors are trained to anticipate on-time retirement-linked risks but increasingly are serving women pursuing off-time midlife career reinvention within ageist, sexist, racist, and ableist systems of power. Grounded in the author’s personal narrative, this perspective article highlights the compounded burdens of gendered ageism, biopsychosocial aging, and non-prototypical professional acceleration for midlife women. Built upon Crenshaw’s (1989) framework, chronological intersectionality is introduced as a way for counselors to conceptualize the concurrent biopsychosocial and systemic pressures and marginalization that can occur when age-expected norms collide with career changes for midlife women. Implications for clinical practice are described.

The Adultspan Journal Fellowship Program: A Structured Mentorship Experience, Lauren B. Robins, Natese R. Dockery, Courtney T.K. Chester, Crystal Morris, Teah Moore, Zoey Liu, Kaprea F. Johnson

Adultspan Journal

This qualitative study used reflexive thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006) to explore how the Adultspan Journal Fellowship Program, a structured, cohort-based mentorship initiative, supports the development of doctoral students and early-career counselor educators. Grounded in Social Learning Theory, the program integrates hands-on journal management, guided peer review, collaborative writing, and monthly didactic sessions within multi-layered mentorship. Data from asynchronous email interviews and document analysis with seven fellows across two cohorts (2022–2024) yielded four themes: (1) Cultivating Belonging Through Structured Mentorship, highlighting affirming guidance that reduced isolation and built peer networks; (2) Building Confidence and Professional Identity, reflecting growth in …

Gardening As A Psychosocial Well-Being Activity For Adults: Integrating Eco-Wellness And Developmental Theory, Christopher T. Belser, Helene Tavormina, Ann O'Hanlon

Adultspan Journal

Prior research has demonstrated the myriad of benefits that gardening can offer individuals, ranging from physical, mental, emotional, and social benefits. Though the counseling literature has begun to address the nature-wellness connection via EcoWellness theory (Reese & Myers, 2012), little attention has been paid to the benefits of gardening as a psychosocial well-being activity for adult populations. In this manuscript, authors offer a conceptual framework built on EcoWellness theory, psychosocial development theory, life-span, life-space career theory, and selection, optimization, and compensation theory that contextualizes gardening as a beneficial activity for young adults, middle adults, and older adults. Authors present specific …

Flow State As A Counter Measure Against Cognitive Decline: What Counselors Should Know, Isaac Burt

Adultspan Journal

This perspective article explores the utilization of the neuroscience concept of flow state for therapeutic usage with older adult populations. Operationally defined, flow state is an altered state of consciousness (ASOC) that emerges when a person engages in an activity or endeavor. Once engrossed within this physical or cognitive undertaking, the person performs at their best (optimal) while expressing a feeling of joy and/or extreme satisfaction. To attain a flow state, there are several neurobiological mechanisms people must undergo. Due to beliefs that quality of life cannot increase in late adulthood, many older adults stop engaging in flow state activities. …

Grief Counseling Best Practices: A Delphi Study, Jillian M. Blueford, Megan J. Doughty Shaine, Elizabeth A. Doughty Horn, Marcela Kepic, Michael Kocet, Katie Kostohryz Dr., Sara Jean-Philippe, Jen R. Hartman

Adultspan Journal

This Delphi study identifies expert-informed best practices in grief counseling to address current gaps in counselor education. Findings present essential competencies—knowledge, skills, and awareness—to guide ethical, culturally responsive, and trauma-informed support for grieving individuals across diverse settings.

Retirement: Broaching Intersectional Identities And Aging, Nichole Tiggs Angieri, Ericka Cables, Mary Martha Abernathy

Adultspan Journal

Broaching intersectional identities in retirement is a crucial counseling skill that fosters trust and connection with older adults as they navigate this major life transition. Using Person-Centered, Trauma-Informed (PCTI) and Relational-Cultural Theory (RCT) as complements to broaching, these theories provide both relational and cultural attunement to facilitate healing and well-being in this specialized population. Through didactic information and case studies, the purpose of this conceptual paper is to provide counselors and counselor educators with insight into broaching intersectional identities in retirement and to advocate for further research on aging and identity. The implications for clinical practice include providing an integrated …

A Wellness Approach To Aging, Retirement, And Suicide Risk: Gerontological Considerations, Seth T. Robinson, Derek J. Lee

Adultspan Journal

Suicide risk in older adulthood represents complex interactions between developmental transitions; changing social contexts; and interactions between ecological context and individual perceptions of belongingness, burdensomeness, and hope. This paper presents an integrative,developmentally appropriate framework for conceptualizing and addressing suicide risk in older adulthood, which is grounded in the Indivisible Self model of wellness. Drawing on current empirical knowledge of wellness, suicidality, and older adulthood, this paper presents risk and protective factors associated with older adulthood through life transitions, changing social contexts, and other relevant factors. We present a novel integration of suicide intervention, wellness, and holistic care as a suitable …

Structural And Intersectional Factors In Full Retirement: Insights For Black Men, Waleed Sami

Adultspan Journal

This interview centers the full retirement experience of Anthony Crawford. This perspective highlights the complex interplay between social determinants, intersectional identity, the psychology of working, and social class/social mobility, as key factors in his lived experiences. The relationship between structural factors and interpersonal factors continues to be a growth edge in counseling, as counselors frequently report lack of knowledge or comfort in their relationship with counseling. This interview seeks to fill the gap and demonstrate a concrete way to develop clinical insights. The full interview is transcribed and provided, along with practical and research implications for counselors working with populations …

The Trauma-Informed Supervision Model (Tism), Melissa Luke, Sarah Litt

Trauma Counseling and Resilience

Trauma-informed counseling is an increasingly important component of contemporary counselor training and practice, but it remains under-represented in supervisory models and frameworks. As supervision is identified as the primary and signature practice for the training of all mental health professionals, we developed a conceptual and integrative supervision model grounded in the theoretical and research support for trauma-informed counselor training. Extending the discrimination model, we present the second-generation trauma-informed supervision model (TISM), a six domain by three foci by three role model to address this gap. We illustrate each of the 54 domain-foci-role combinations with trauma-informed supervisory examples that can inform …

Conflict Resolution Styles In Intimate Relationships Of College Students With Adverse Childhood Experiences, Huijuan Li, David K. Duys, Byeolbee Um

Trauma Counseling and Resilience

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), as potentially traumatic early-life experiences, can influence how individuals relate to others, often leading to challenges in intimate relationships. During the transition to adulthood, college students engage in identity development while also navigating the critical skill of conflict resolution necessary for fostering and maintaining intimate relationships. In this study, we collected data from 434 college students at a Midwest university regarding their ACEs and conflict resolution styles using the 10-item ACEs questionnaire and the Conflict Resolution Styles Inventory (CRSI). Results showed significant differences in ACEs scores based on demographic factors such as gender, race/ethnicity, and sexual …

Integrating Positive Psychology And Spirituality To Foster Meaning And Well-Being In Older Adults, Crystal Morris

Adultspan Journal

This perspective article explores the integration of positive psychology interventions (PPIs) and spirituality in therapy to foster meaning and well-being in older adults. It highlights exercises such as the positive introduction, positive legacy, character strengths, mindfulness, mindful-based yoga, and a manifestation prayer journaling. The interventions presented are tools to support older adults that may experience depression, difficult life transitions, and the search for renewed meaning. Therapists who integrate PPIs and spirituality into therapy can promote a holistic, non-pathological approach to treatment.

Infusing Adverse Childhood Experiences Research Across The Cacrep Core Curriculum, Cara M. Thompson, Alexander M. Fields, Dodie Limberg, Krys Whitty

Trauma Counseling and Resilience

Approximately two-thirds of the United States population experience Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) that are associated with increased risk for negative physical, mental, and behavioral health outcomes. Research on the effects of ACEs is largely conducted and published outside of counseling fields, yet has direct implications for counselors in the conceptualization, assessment, and interventions for a variety of complaints presented by clients across the lifespan and in any treatment setting. Integrating ACEs research into foundational counseling courses can prepare counselors-in-training (CITs) to recognize the impact of ACEs for clients and identify which interventions will promote client wellness. In this article, we …

Organizational Predictors Of Trauma-Informed Practices In Comprehensive School Counseling Programs, Heather J. Fye, Ryan M. Cook, Michelle Ocampo, Eric Baltrinic

Trauma Counseling and Resilience

In the present study, we examined several variables related to school counselors working with students who experienced traumas. We studied the prevalence of traumas reported by students and by school characteristics, school counselors’ trainings on trauma-informed practices, and the relationships between organizational predictors and school counselors’ perceived trauma-informed practices in their schools. Participants were 278 practicing school counselors. Highlights of the various findings included: school counselors, on average, worked with students who reported 11 types of traumas, several trauma types were more- or less-often reported by students based upon the organizational variables of school district type and grade levels, and …

Unveiling The Multidimensional Impact Of Sex Trafficking: Insights From Survivors, Claudia G. Interiano-Shiverdecker, Devon E. Romero, John J. S. Harrichand, Jessica Martin, David J. Thompson

Trauma Counseling and Resilience

This transcendental phenomenological study delves into the lived experiences of 10 women who experienced sex trafficking. Through in-depth individual interviews, participants unveiled a narrative marked by coercion, manipulation, and multifaceted abuse. Despite variations in the duration and onset of their ordeals, participants uniformly expressed the profound and lasting impact of sex trafficking across numerous facets of their lives. Psychological distress, physical ailments, disrupted vocational trajectories, strained relationships, and spiritual upheaval were recurrent themes, illustrating the pervasive nature of their trauma. This research highlights the urgent necessity for holistic support and intervention strategies tailored to the intricate and multidimensional needs of …

Veiled Pain Through Anonymity: Exploring Emotions About Nonsuicidal Self-Injury On Reddit, Lindsay A. Lundeen, Erin Kern Popejoy, John R. Mccall, David D. Christian, Lizy Humphrey

Trauma Counseling and Resilience

Nonsuicidal self-injury conversations can occur under veiled discussions,whether online or in-person, due to stigmatized emotions associated with self-harm. Previous studies addressednonsuicidal self-injury on Reddit, yet do not specifically address emotions expressed within posts. The present study assessed emotional discourse in 996 subreddit posts about self-harm engagement and related circumstances, through an inductive, thematic analysis design. Emotions consisted of four identified themes: (a) lonely and looking for belonging on Reddit, (b) despair and exhaustion trying to stop the behavior, (c) humiliated and scared after disclosure to in-person supports, and (d) thankful for subreddit support. Members discussed Reddit as a space to …

The Use Of Ritual In Counseling Sessions For Suicide Loss Survivors, Dr. Kailey Bradley, Dr. Yegan Pillay, Dr. Ibrahim Akmese

Adultspan Journal

Suicide loss impacts every aspect of the lives of those left behind, creating shattered assumptions and feelings of meaninglessness. In this perspective piece, the authors attempt to describe how the use or rituals in sessions can be therapeutically beneficial to suicide loss survivors across the lifespan. This piece provides a brief overview of the impact of suicide loss, theoretical approaches to suicide loss, and examples of rituals that can be used in sessions. Lastly, the authors share how they have used rituals in their own clinical work to provide guidance for mental health professionals working in diverse clinical settings who …

Factors Affecting The Joy Of Life In Old Age: A Scale Development Study, Yalçın Karagöz, Yusuf Karaşi̇n, Mustafa Filiz, Mehmet Ateş

Adultspan Journal

This study aims to introduce a measurement tool into the literature that can reveal the factors affecting the joy of life in older adulthood. Participants included 266 individuals aged 55 and over living in Izmir, Turkey. The process of developing the scale includes the following stages: problem identification, item pool creation, expert opinion, form shaping, pilot application, and finalizing the scale. The exploratory factor analysis revealed that the scale consists of 6 different dimensions, and the variance explained by these dimensions was found to be 65.184%. The acceptable values for the scale's fit indicators are as follows: χ²/df0.90, IFI > 0.90, …

Retirement Grief: Insights For Counseling Praxis, Colette T. Dollarhide

Adultspan Journal

From a personal perspective, this article documents one counselor educator’s experience that might inform the work of counselors who are providing counseling services for those experiencing challenges during retirement.

Intersecting Inequities For Older Lgbtq+ Adults Of Color In The Advent Of Medicare Access: A Structural Vulnerability Framework, Christian D. Chan

Adultspan Journal

Although advances in Medicare legislation provide access for beneficiaries to professional counselors, older LGBTQ+ adults of Color face a litany of concerns that heighten stigma and inhibit their access to mental health services. The structural vulnerability framework identifies multiple domains that support the interface between Medicare coverage and access to care for older LGBTQ+ adults of Color. In this conceptual article, I outline (a) interdisciplinary scholarship that contextualizes the key issues facing older LGBTQ+ adults of Color; (b) the core tenets of the structural vulnerability framework; (c) implications for practice addressing structural vulnerability for older LGBTQ+ adults of Color with …

Providing End-Of-Life Counseling: A Narrative Inquiry, Carol Hecht, Sibyl West

Adultspan Journal

This qualitative study aimed to address the gap in the research related to end-of-life counseling by exploring the experiences of counselors working with clients at end of life. While counseling literature and education are lacking regarding end of life, many counselors will work alongside clients approaching death. The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to better understand the nuanced experiences of counselors providing end-of-life counseling and (b) to explore the supports and preparations helpful for counselors to provide end-of-life counseling. A narrative approach, using the Listening Guide (Gilligan, 2015), was employed to analyze and present the stories of three …

Mental Health Distress And Suicide Risk Among Older Adults Who Receive Nutrition Services Programming: Implications For Licensed Professional Counselors., Brittany R. Jones-Cobb, Jihee Hong, Mary Chase Breedlove Mize, Laura Shannonhouse

Adultspan Journal

Licensed professional counselors (LPCs) are now eligible to provide mental health counseling to older adults as Medicare providers. Many older adults receive home delivered (HDM) and congregate (CM) meal services through the Aging Services Network, though their mental health impact remains under examined. This study compared the mental health and suicide risk of older adults receiving HDM or CM services. Our cross-sectional study of 221 HDM and 150 CM recipients from 2018-2020 found significant group differences in psychological distress, t(366) = 3.28, p = .001, perceived burdensomeness; t(357.31) = 2.77, p = .006, and thwarted belongingness, t(357.96) …

Considerations Of Medicare Telehealth Services With Older Adults, Sonah Kho, Amanda Dediego

Adultspan Journal

The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic set in motion a rapid expansion of mental health services offered via telehealth. With this rapid expansion came the need to examine how policy and practice should be shaped in a future where telehealth is considered common in counseling practice. For counselors to understand how to support older adult clients in using telehealth services, they must understand telehealth policy. Following the eligibility of licensed counselors to participate in Medicare, counselors need to stay abreast of regulatory changes regarding restrictions and regulations on use of telehealth for mental and behavioral health services, including video and …

Introduction To The Special Issue On Medicare Inclusion Of Counselors: Preparing The Counseling Workforce To Serve Older Adults, Matthew C. Fullen, Jordan Westcott

Adultspan Journal

Introduction to the special issue on Medicare Inclusion of Counselors: Preparing the Counseling Workforce to Serve Older Adults.

Special Issue Editors:

Matthew Fullen, Virginia Tech

Jordan Westcott, The University of Tennessee-Knoxville

Emotion Regulation Strategies And Perceived Emotional Intelligence: The Effect Of Age., Iwanna Sepiadou

Adultspan Journal

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived emotional intelligence and the reported use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. We also investigated the possible effects of age on the aforementioned variables. The total sample consisted of 379 people (158 men, 220 women, 1 unreported). Across participants, 273 were young (20-39 years old) and 106 were middle-aged (40-65 years old). We found statistically significant positive correlations between the dimensions of perceived emotional intelligence and the reported use of cognitive reappraisal and negative primarily correlations between the dimensions of perceived emotional intelligence and the reported use of …

Multicultural Gerotranscendence: A Theoretical Approach To Working With Older Adults, Whitney George, Danielle Schlittler

Adultspan Journal

With the growing number of the aging population, the call for counselors to understand the developmental processes of all clients is essential. The theories of gerotranscendence and multicultural counseling and therapy are central to the understanding of adult development in later life. The use of these two theories together provides a theoretical basis for counselors wishing to provide services to diverse older adults.

Infusing Trauma-Informed Care In Career Counseling: Promising Practices And A Proposed Framework, Lisa M. Cardello, Galaxina G. Wright

Trauma Counseling and Resilience

The impact of trauma on career development is well-documented and includes effects on career decision, stability, and unemployment. However, literature on trauma-informed interventions in the career counseling setting is scarce and a universal model for providing career counseling with a trauma-informed lens does not currently exist. Therefore, the authors discuss existing literature on trauma-informed care and application for career counseling. An integrated framework for trauma-informed career counseling, the HEART model, is proposed and includes five components: (a) instilling hope, (b) establishing safety, (c) recognizing and responding to chronic stress, (d) building resilience, and (e) the importance of engaging in ongoing …

Trauma Curriculum Integration In Counselor Education: A Delphi Study, Jaimee York, Adrienne Baggs, Laura Schmuldt, Nancy Sherman

Trauma Counseling and Resilience

Research has established the need for trauma education and training for safe and effective entry-level practice. However, studies have shown insufficient and inconsistent training in graduate counseling programs. Those studies reflected the opinions and experiences of practitioners and graduate students. To add to the extant literature, we used the Delphi method to gather information from counselor educators who have experience in trauma counseling and education. The Delphi technique is a group communication strategy designed to obtain expert consensus through a series of survey questionnaires, modified and adapted to reflect group opinion. We asked participants for their insight into the most …

College Student Stress And Resilience During Covid-19, Kevin A. Doyle, Karissa Peyer, Liz Hathaway, Hannah Turner, Dorinda Harriss

Trauma Counseling and Resilience

The COVID-19 pandemic had a drastic impact on the wellness of college students. In this study, researchers examined levels of stressful events, perceived stress, and resilience in a sample of 312 students at a Southeastern university. Students demonstrated a high volume of stressful events, lower levels of resilience, and high levels of perceived stress. The combination of stressful events and resilience explained a significant amount of the variance in perceived stress. Implications are included.

Pioneers, Pillars, And Paradigms: History Of The International Association For Resilience And Trauma Counseling, Carol M. Smith, Jane M. Webber

Trauma Counseling and Resilience

The International Association for Resilience and Trauma Counseling was formally recognized in March 2022 as the 19^th Division of the American Counseling Association. This article describes the history and evolution of this professional association through the lens of the founding president and the founding journal editor; both are cofounders of this group. The efforts and results of trauma counseling advocates and pioneers are described along with the appreciation of trauma-competent counseling within the broader discipline of mental health.

Strategies For Integrating Aging And Older Adulthood Into Counselor Training, Matthew C. Fullen, Jordan Westcott, Kailey Bradley, Natese R. Dockery, Jungeun Lee, Rumbidzai Mushunje, Afroze N. Shaikh

Adultspan Journal

Following recent changes to Medicare mental health law, counselors will have expanded opportunities to work with older adults. Historically, there has been a dearth of counselor training dedicated to counseling older adults, necessitating greater attention to understanding and applying best practices for preparing counselors to serve older adult clients. Looking to professions that have a longer history of serving older adults, specifically gerontology, social work, and geropsychology, we describe approaches to training counselors to work with older adults that may prove helpful for the counseling profession.