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Full-Text Articles in Biological and Physical Anthropology

Were Neandertal Humeri Adapted For Spear Thrusting Or Throwing? A Finite Element Study, Michael Anthony Berthaume Nov 2014

Were Neandertal Humeri Adapted For Spear Thrusting Or Throwing? A Finite Element Study, Michael Anthony Berthaume

Masters Theses

An ongoing debate concerning Neandertal ecology is whether or not they utilized long range weaponry. The anteroposteriorly expanded cross-section of Neandertal humeri have led some to argue they thrusted their weapons, while the rounder cross-section of Late Upper Paleolithic modern human humeri suggests they threw their weapons. We test the hypothesis that Neandertal humeri were built to resist strains engendered by thrusting rather than throwing using finite element models of one Neandertal, one Early Upper Paleolithic (EUP) human and three recent human humeri, representing a range of cross-sectional shapes and sizes. Electromyography and kinematic data and articulated skeletons were used …


Investigating The Relationship Between Material Property Axes And Strain Orientations In Cebus Apella Crania, Christine M. Dzialo Jan 2012

Investigating The Relationship Between Material Property Axes And Strain Orientations In Cebus Apella Crania, Christine M. Dzialo

Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014

Probabilistic finite element analysis was used to determine whether there is a statistically significant relationship between maximum principal strain orientations and orthotropic material stiffness orientations in a primate cranium during mastication. We first sought to validate our cranium finite element model by sampling in-vivo strain and in-vivo muscle activation data during specimen mastication. A comparison of in vivo and finite element predicted (i.e. in silico) strains was performed to establish the realism of the FEM model. To the best of our knowledge, this thesis presents the world’s only complete in-vivo coupled with in-vitro validation data set of a primate cranium …


Mapping The Ocean Frontier, Allison Marsh Jan 2012

Mapping The Ocean Frontier, Allison Marsh

Section 4: Imaging the Concealed

No abstract provided.


Spotlight On Usc: South Carolina Institute For Anthropology And Archaeology, Allison Marsh Jan 2012

Spotlight On Usc: South Carolina Institute For Anthropology And Archaeology, Allison Marsh

Section 4: Imaging the Concealed

No abstract provided.


Seeing With Sound, Allison Marsh Jan 2012

Seeing With Sound, Allison Marsh

Section 4: Imaging the Concealed

No abstract provided.


World Ocean Floor, Courtesy Of The Library Of Congress, Allison Marsh Jan 2012

World Ocean Floor, Courtesy Of The Library Of Congress, Allison Marsh

Section 4: Imaging the Concealed

No abstract provided.


Marie Tharp At Her Drafting Table, Courtesy Of The Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Earth Institute, Columbia University, Allison Marsh Jan 2012

Marie Tharp At Her Drafting Table, Courtesy Of The Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Earth Institute, Columbia University, Allison Marsh

Section 4: Imaging the Concealed

No abstract provided.


Isotope Sourcing Of Prehistoric Willow And Tule Textiles Recovered From Western Great Basin Rock Shelters And Caves: Proof Of Concept, Larry V. Benson, E. M. Hattori, H. E. Taylor, S. R. Poulson, E. A. Jolie Jan 2006

Isotope Sourcing Of Prehistoric Willow And Tule Textiles Recovered From Western Great Basin Rock Shelters And Caves: Proof Of Concept, Larry V. Benson, E. M. Hattori, H. E. Taylor, S. R. Poulson, E. A. Jolie

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Isotope and trace-metal analyses were used to determine the origin of plants used to manufacture prehistoric textiles (basketry and matting) from archaeological sites in the western Great Basin. Research focused on strontium (87Sr/86Sr) and oxygen (18O/16O) isotope ratios of willow (Salix sp.) and tule (Schoenoplectus sp.), the dominant raw materials in Great Basin textiles. The oxygen-isotope data indicated that the willow and tule used to produce the textiles were harvested from the banks of rivers or in marshes characterized by flowing water and not from lakes or sinks. The strontium-isotope …