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Archaeological Anthropology Commons™

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2004

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Articles 7321 - 7350 of 7549

Full-Text Articles in Archaeological Anthropology

Pvn-Cat-202-Em-021-001-Ptstnd, Edward M. Schortman Jan 2004

Pvn-Cat-202-Em-021-001-Ptstnd, Edward M. Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

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Discovering Santa Clara University's Prehistoric Past: Ca-Sci-755, Heather Bratt, Margaret A. Graham, Frederika Kaestle, Gerald Mckevitt, Nikki Martin, Randall Milliken, Karen Oeh, Lorna C. Pierce, Kevin Richlin, Russell K. Skowronek Jan 2004

Discovering Santa Clara University's Prehistoric Past: Ca-Sci-755, Heather Bratt, Margaret A. Graham, Frederika Kaestle, Gerald Mckevitt, Nikki Martin, Randall Milliken, Karen Oeh, Lorna C. Pierce, Kevin Richlin, Russell K. Skowronek

Research Manuscript Series

The following report , brought together with great skill and insight by editors Russell K. Skowronek and Margaret A. Graham , provides a rich trovel of valuable information about what has been found there archaeologically and what it means. Some of this meaning reflects the kinds of lives people were leading in ancient times where students now cross over the Alameda Mall, and the very different kinds of activities people were conducting in those ancient times. Part reflects how these discoveries have already affected present-day consciousness, and what some of the changes have been in regard to public appreciation of …

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Adaptive Responses Of Paleoindians To Cold Stress On The Periglacial Northern Great Plains, Alan J. Osborn Jan 2004

Adaptive Responses Of Paleoindians To Cold Stress On The Periglacial Northern Great Plains, Alan J. Osborn

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

Archaeologists' cumulative knowledge about Paleoindians has grown substantially during the past two decades, and accomplishments have been impressive. I find, however, that much of the research regarding the archaeology of the Paleoindian period is primarily descriptive and highly particularistic. In this essay, I propose that our understanding of Paleoindian artifact assemblages, associated ecofactual materials, and human remains can be more meaningful within a broader biophysical context. We must ask how the archaeological record of the Late Glacial period might provide paleoanthropologists with greater insights into early hunter-gatherer anatomy, physiology, diet, health, and behavior. I propose that our understanding of hunter-gatherer …

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Hunter-Gatherers In Jackson Hole, Wyoming: Testing Assumptions About Site Function, Kenneth P. Cannon, Dawn R. Bringelson, Molly Boeka Cannon Jan 2004

Hunter-Gatherers In Jackson Hole, Wyoming: Testing Assumptions About Site Function, Kenneth P. Cannon, Dawn R. Bringelson, Molly Boeka Cannon

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

The settlement-subsistence pattern of hunter-gatherers in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, has been viewed historically as an economic system organized around the altitudinal distribution of seasonally ripening food crops and has come to be known as high country adaptation (HCA). Although this study does not take issue with the basic tenet of the modelhunter- gatherer movement through altitudinal zones for the exploitation of seasonally available resources-we critically assess the normative functional interpretations presented by previous investigators. We examine artifacts in three lithic assemblages from southern Jackson Hole in terms of the organization of technology as a means to investigate each locale's function …

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Solving Meno's Puzzle, Defeating Merlin's Subterfuge: Bodies Of Reference Knowledge And Archaeological Inference, Luann Wandsnider Jan 2004

Solving Meno's Puzzle, Defeating Merlin's Subterfuge: Bodies Of Reference Knowledge And Archaeological Inference, Luann Wandsnider

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

THE MIND OF Lewis Binford is nimble and constantly evolving. In part, one can map Binford's prodigious intellectual growth by looking at the research trajectories of his students, who often continue on paths they began under his tutelage. In my case, certainly, this is very true. When I arrived at the University of New Mexico in the late 1970s and early 1980s, Binford was exploring the nature of the archaeological record: how to understand past human organization at a supra-ethnographic scale, what we might learn from bones and site structure, and how to reliably give meaning to the archaeological record. …

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Solving The Puzzle Of The Archaeological Labyrinth: Time Perspectivism In Mediterranean Surface Archaeology, Luann Wandsnider Jan 2004

Solving The Puzzle Of The Archaeological Labyrinth: Time Perspectivism In Mediterranean Surface Archaeology, Luann Wandsnider

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

This chapter critiques the currently embraced paradigm in Mediterranean surface archaeology of regional/settlement pattern studies – seated in flat-time functional metaphysic. As shown by Mediterranean archaeologists, that chronotype does not deal well with either complexity or history. And, attending methods, also as demonstrated by Mediterranean archaeologists, do not consistently accommodate or satisfactorily assign meaning to the varied archaeological landscape. But another formational metaphysic exists and seems better to comprehend the complex, historical world and to acknowledge landscape variation.This chapter argues for approaches to the Mediterranean landscape that accept and embrace a time perspectivism.

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Mediterranean Landscape Archaeology Past And Present, Effie F. Athanassopoulos, Luann Wandsnider Jan 2004

Mediterranean Landscape Archaeology Past And Present, Effie F. Athanassopoulos, Luann Wandsnider

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

Recent studies of Mediterranean landscapes have emphasized their diversity, their fragmentation, and the high degree of contact between their diverse areas, that is, their connectivity (Horden and Purcell 2000). Moreover, the Mediterranean landscape record is recognized for its length and richness and the opportunity it offers to study long-term interaction between humans and their landscape, however landscape is defined. At the same time, the particular histories of archaeological perspectives that have dominated fieldwork in the region make it difficult to compare with other areas, for example, the New World. Thus, with this volume, our intent is to address issues of …

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Artifact, Landscape, And Temporality In Eastern Mediterranean Archaeological Landscape Studies, Luann Wandsnider Jan 2004

Artifact, Landscape, And Temporality In Eastern Mediterranean Archaeological Landscape Studies, Luann Wandsnider

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

Intensive survey over the last several decades has detailed an archaeological surface record in the Mediterranean that Cherry (1983:395, emphasis in original) describes as "likely to consist of a virtually continuous spatial distribution of material over the landscape, but a distribution extremely variable in density." In addition, geoarchaeological work, often coupled with survey, has demonstrated just how dynamic Mediterranean surfaces have been. Both of these field practices, intensive survey and geoarchaeology, were carried out in part to enable regional settlement pattern studies, to collect accurate, reliable, and precise data about past settlements and their location with respect to each other …

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Solving Meno’S Puzzle, Defeating Merlin’S Subterfuge: Bodies Of Reference Knowledge And Archaeological Inference, Luann Wandsnider Jan 2004

Solving Meno’S Puzzle, Defeating Merlin’S Subterfuge: Bodies Of Reference Knowledge And Archaeological Inference, Luann Wandsnider

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

THE MIND OF Lewis Binford is nimble and constantly evolving. In part, one can map Binford's prodigious intellectual growth by looking at the research trajectories of his students, who often continue on paths they began under his tutelage. In my case, certainly, this is very true. When I arrived at the University of New Mexico in the late 1970s and early 1980s, Binford was exploring the nature of the archaeological record: how to understand past human organization at a supra-ethnographic scale, what we might learn from bones and site structure, and how to reliably give meaning to the archaeological record. …

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Poison Hunting Strategies And The Organization Of Technology In The Circumpolar Region, Alan J. Osborn Jan 2004

Poison Hunting Strategies And The Organization Of Technology In The Circumpolar Region, Alan J. Osborn

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

INUPIAT ESKIMO WHALERS are allowed to kill up to 50 bowhead whales every year in the arctic waters off Barrow, Alaska. Some of the older bowheads are more than 20 m in length and weigh more than 50 tons. Since 1981 the Inupiat have found at least six lance and harpoon end blades embedded within the thick blubber that insulates these magnificent mammals (Raloff 2(00). These archaeological weapon points included projectiles fashioned from chipped stone, ground slate, ivory, and iron. Wildlife biologists have suspected that whales may live to be quite old. One can only imagine their surprise, however, once …

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Niche: A Productive Guide For Use In The Analysis Of Cultural Complexity, Lewis R. Binford Jan 2004

Niche: A Productive Guide For Use In The Analysis Of Cultural Complexity, Lewis R. Binford

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

THIS CHAPTER EXPLORES some of the interpretative implications of a failure to consider the potential causes for organized variability among cultural systems. The niche concept is considered useful when exploring organizational similarities and differences among cultural systems and central to a productive discussion regarding the differences between living systems that are biologically as opposed to culturally organized. Some interesting issues regarding systems complexity are focused upon through a discussion of mutualism and what is implied by the term when students of cultural systems use the idea.

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Women’S Work, Child Care, And Helpers-At-The-Nest In A Hunter-Gatherer Society, Raymond Hames, Patricia Draper Jan 2004

Women’S Work, Child Care, And Helpers-At-The-Nest In A Hunter-Gatherer Society, Raymond Hames, Patricia Draper

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

Considerable research on helpers-at-the-nest demonstrates the positive effects of firstborn daughters on a mother’s reproductive success and the survival of her children compared with women who have firstborn sons. This research is largely restricted to agricultural settings. In the present study we ask: “Does ‘daughter first’ improve mothers’ reproductive success in a hunting and gathering context?” Through an analysis of 84 postreproductive women in this population we find that the sex of the first- or second-born child has no effect on a mother’s fertility or the survival of her offspring. We conclude that specific environmental and economic factors underlay the …

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Archaeological Site Examination, North Yard Of The Loring-Greenough House, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, J.N. Leith Smith, Katherine Howlett Jan 2004

Archaeological Site Examination, North Yard Of The Loring-Greenough House, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, J.N. Leith Smith, Katherine Howlett

Andrew Fiske Memorial Center for Archaeological Research Publications

A phased program of stabilization and restoration for the Loring-Greenough House and property located in Jamaica Plain, a suburb of Boston, MA, called for reconstruction of porches, construction of an entrance walk and new foundations for the carriage house. This program also included landscaping and rehabilitation of garden plantings in the north yard. Archaeological testing was conducted to identify cultural resources that would be impacted by the proposed project and to search for evidence of early garden features that could be used to guide landscape restoration. The first phase of research focused on house porches, walkway installation and foundation work …

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The Scale Of Pottery Manufacture During The Old Kingdom, Sarah L. Sterling Jan 2004

The Scale Of Pottery Manufacture During The Old Kingdom, Sarah L. Sterling

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The existence of specialized craftsmen — including stonemasons, coppersmiths, carpenters, jewelers and potters — in ancient Egypt arises in part from the general industries spawned from the elaborate monumental constructions that characterize the Old Kingdom (ca. 2600-2100 BCE). Pottery vessels in particular are one of the most abundant kinds of artifacts known from ancient Egypt, with functions ranging from formal presentation to baking bread, to grains and olive oil storage. While not all pottery is associated with monumental architecture, the emergence of specialized or semi-specialized potters is likely due to the same socioeconomic factors that gave rise to such famous …

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Book Review Of, Plants Of Haida Gwaii, Douglas Deur Jan 2004

Book Review Of, Plants Of Haida Gwaii, Douglas Deur

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Reviews the book "Plants of Haida Gwaii" by Nancy J. Turner.

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Sources Of Ancient Maize Found In Chacoan Great Houses, Larry Benson Jan 2004

Sources Of Ancient Maize Found In Chacoan Great Houses, Larry Benson

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Between the 9th and 12th centuries A.D., Chaco Canyon, located near the middle of the high-desert San Juan Basin of north-central New Mexico (fig. 1), was the focus of an unprecedented construction effort by pre-Columbian Native Americans. It has been estimated that from 2,000 to 6,000 people occupied Chaco Canyon during its heyday (Windes, 1984; Drager, 1976). One indication of Chaco’s regional importance is a network of roads that linked Chaco Canyon with other great houses and communities spread throughout a region covering at least 60,000 km2 (fig. 2). At the height of its cultural florescence in the 11th century, …

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The Levin Catalogue Of Mid-19th-Century Beads, Karlis Karklins Jan 2004

The Levin Catalogue Of Mid-19th-Century Beads, Karlis Karklins

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

The Levin Catalogue is composed of two similar collections of glass and stone beads assembled by Moses Lewin Levin, a London bead merchant whose business operated from 1830 to 1913. A total of 621 beads of 128 different varieties makes up the collections which can be dated to the period 1851-1869. Although the beads are recorded as having been used in the African trade, several have counterparts at North American sites, thereby making the catalogue a potentially valuable research tool for those involved in the study of North American trade beads as well.

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Captions And Color Plates Jan 2004

Captions And Color Plates

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

No abstract provided.

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Pvn-Cat-202-Ei-031-011-Ptstnd, Leigh Anne Ellison Jan 2004

Pvn-Cat-202-Ei-031-011-Ptstnd, Leigh Anne Ellison

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

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Pvn-Cat-202-Ei-033-001-Ptstnd, Leigh Anne Ellison Jan 2004

Pvn-Cat-202-Ei-033-001-Ptstnd, Leigh Anne Ellison

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

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Pvn-Cat-202-Ei-033-002-Ptstnd, Leigh Anne Ellison Jan 2004

Pvn-Cat-202-Ei-033-002-Ptstnd, Leigh Anne Ellison

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

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Pvn-Cat-202-Ei-033-004-Ptstnd, Leigh Anne Ellison Jan 2004

Pvn-Cat-202-Ei-033-004-Ptstnd, Leigh Anne Ellison

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

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Pvn-Cat-202-Ei-038-001-Ptstnd, Edward Schortman Jan 2004

Pvn-Cat-202-Ei-038-001-Ptstnd, Edward Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

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Pvn-Cat-202-Ei-034-001-Ptstnd, Leigh Anne Ellison Jan 2004

Pvn-Cat-202-Ei-034-001-Ptstnd, Leigh Anne Ellison

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

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Pvn-Cat-202-Em-007-005-Ptstnd, Edward Schortman Jan 2004

Pvn-Cat-202-Em-007-005-Ptstnd, Edward Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

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Pvn-Cat-202-Em-010-005-Ptstnd, Edward Schortman Jan 2004

Pvn-Cat-202-Em-010-005-Ptstnd, Edward Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

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Pvn-Cat-202-Em-017-001-Ptstnd, Edward M. Schortman Jan 2004

Pvn-Cat-202-Em-017-001-Ptstnd, Edward M. Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

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Pvn-Cat-202-Em-021-002-Ptstnd, Edward M. Schortman Jan 2004

Pvn-Cat-202-Em-021-002-Ptstnd, Edward M. Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

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Pvn-Cat-202-En-002-001-Ptstnd, Edward M. Schortman Jan 2004

Pvn-Cat-202-En-002-001-Ptstnd, Edward M. Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

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Pvn-Cat-202-Ec-042-002-Ptstnd, Charles Webber Jan 2004

Pvn-Cat-202-Ec-042-002-Ptstnd, Charles Webber

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

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