Animal Studies Commons^™

The Psychology And Ethics Of Humane Equine Treatment, Sharon E. Cregier

Equines Collection

The effect on animals of man-induced stressors, such as the disruption of herd bonds, stabling, medication procedures and the like, has been the subject of increasing investigation. Obvious and shocking abuses against animals, bullfighting, certain training practices in the racehorse industry, and rodeo events such as wild horse races, steerbusting or calf-roping, are readily recognized and have, in some instances been stopped. (Steerbusting refers to roping, from horseback, of running cattle in such a manner as to flip the animal backward or jerk it down, knocking the wind out of the animal and occasionally breaking ribs, vertebrae, and neck.)

However, …

Ethics, Welfare, And Laboratory Animal Management, David J. Allan, Judith K. Blackshaw

Experimentation Collection

Animals have been used in medical research from as far back as 129-199 A.D. when Galen, a Greek medical scientist, used a pig for his experiments. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, anatomical dissections were carried out on animals; Galvani used frogs in 1791 for his experiments and the Russian physiologist, Pavlov, carried out his famous dog experiments in the early 1900s. Since this time, large numbers of animals have been used in biomedical and other research. In 1963 the first edition of "The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals" was published, and the United States Public …

Wildlife Conservation And Animal Rights: Are They Compatible?, Michael Hutchins, Christen Wemmer

Conservation Collection

The purpose of this paper is to explore the philosophical tenets of the animal rights/humane ethic as they relate to the environmental ethic and, more specifically, as they relate to wildlife management and conservation. The two ethics will be compared in an effort to identify potential sources of conflict. Recent criticisms of the animal rights ethic, most notably by Fox (1978, 1979), Rodman (1977), Callicott (1980), Gunn (1980), and Hutchins et al. (1982) have identified several major discrepancies. The implications of these differences will be discussed.

Socialized Vs. Unsocialized Wolves (Canis Lupus) In Experimental Research, Harry Frank, Linda M. Hasselbach, Dawn M. Littleton

Experimentation Collection

In the experimental setting human contact is both more frequent and more intimate than in observational research, and the issue therefore assumes even greater importance. The present paper discusses two experimental studies of wolf information processing, one of which was conducted with unsocialized animals and one of which was conducted with socialized animals, and examines the both the management and methodological consequences of these approaches.

Assault On Eden: Destruction Of Latin America's Rain Forests, Douglas R. Shane

Ecology Collection

In the seemingly distant world of Latin America's rain forests, man's greed and desperation have resulted in a fire which threatens to obscure our ability to observe life's poetry: The continuing destruction of the earth's tropical rain forests is one of the most serious environmental problems confronting humanity today: Intact, these vital organisms offer an understanding of the planet's past and a key to our future; destroyed, they threaten catastrophe of global consequence.

Bringing Us Together, John W. Grandy

Animal Welfare Collection

In recent years, much has been made of the differences between animal protection/welfare/rights and conservation. In simplistic terms, the difference is said to be between a view of wild animals as individuals and as populations. Some conservationists claim to see it as a waste to devote time and energy to ensuring the survival and health of individual animals. Conversely, others seem to take the view that the health and welfare of the individual animal is of highest importance.

But like many other discussions based on philosophical differences between largely compatible philosophies, the differences are far more apparent than real-and differences …

Humans And Other Animals: A Biological And Ethical Perspective, Ashley Montagu

Attitudes Towards Animals Collection

What I have been hoping to do in this talk is to provide the scientific basis for the biological kinship of humans with other animals in particular and the whole of nature in general, and to show that the ethical perspective to which such a demonstration leads is inherent in the very nature of nature, that cooperation, love, not conflict and aggression, as we have long been led to believe, is the dominant principle by which living creatures are designed to live with each other. It was not Darwin, but the muscular Darwinists, like Herbert Spencer, who wasn't a biologist …

The Cruel Deception, Robert Sharpe

Experimentation Collection

With new legislation to replace the Cruelty to Animals Act 1876 near at hand, the powerful vested interest groups whose profits and livelihood depend on laboratory animals are stepping up their campaigns to ensure the survival of vivisection. Have the benefits really been so great, and can vivisection achieve major advances in our present state of health?

History shows (McKeown 1979) that the real reasons for the dramatic increase in life expectancy since the middle of the last century are improvements in nutrition, living and working conditions, hygiene and sanitation, with medical measures only having a relatively marginal effect. The …

Social Ecology And Behavior Of Coyotes, Marc Bekoff, Michael C. Wells

Ethology Collection

Behavioral patterns are subject to natural selection and behavior like any other attributes of an animal, which contributes to individual survival. The chapter summarizes a long-term study of coyotes that was conducted in the Grand Teton National Park, in the northwest comer of Wyoming. There is remarkable agreement in the results stemming from a limited number of field projects concerned with the social behavior and behavioral ecology of coyotes, and some general principles concerning social ecology, scent marking, predatory behavior, time budgeting, and reproductive and care-giving patterns can be developed that are applicable not only to coyotes but to many …

A Pivotal Year For Lab Animal Welfare, Constance Holden

Popular Press Items

Tighter regulations, higher costs, and refined methodologies likely to lead to decreased animal use

Hunting And The Evolution Of Human Intelligence: An Alternative View, Maxine Sheets-Johnstone

Intelligence Collection

No abstract provided.

Alternative To Current Uses Of Animals In Research, Safety Testing, And Education: A Layman's Guide, Martin L. Stephens

eBooks

No abstract provided.

The Case For Animal Rights, Tom Regan

Animal Welfare Collection

In the space I have at my disposal here I can only sketch, in the barest outline, some of the main features of the book Its main themes-and we should not be surprised by this-involve asking and answering deep, foundational moral questions about what morality is, how it should be understood, and what is the best moral theory, all considered. I hope I can convey something of the shape I think this theory takes. The attempt to do this will be (to use a word a friendly critic once used to describe my work) cerebral, perhaps too cerebral. But this …

Winning With Archimedian Principles, Henry Spira

Articles

No abstract provided.

Piggery Perspectives On Wildlife Management And Research, David Fraser

Wildlife Population Management Collection

No abstract provided.

Animal Control In Fulton County, William Garrett

Management and Control of Companion Animal Populations Collection

Our animal control personnel in Fulton County are running a successful program. We serve a stable population of approximately 600,000 people based on the 1980 census and updated projections. Our area encompasses some 225,000 households. Of those, approximately 143,000 are single family dwellings, 75,000 are of the multiple family variety and some 7,000 fall into other categories. Geographically, the area consists of 50% urban, 40% suburban and about 10% rural. Which is relatively little "true" rural land consisting of agriculture or open woodlands. The county is approximately 75 miles in length and varies from 2 to 35 miles in width …

Charlotte - Mecklenburg Animal Control Program, Diane Quisenberry

Management and Control of Companion Animal Populations Collection

The Charlotte-Mecklenburg Division of Animal Control is operated as an agency for the protection of persons and property under the city government of Charlotte, N.C. and serves both the City of Charlotte and the County of Mecklenburg. For nearly forty years, the City of Charlotte has had an Animal Control agency which is authorized to enforce all state and local laws pertaining to animals and to ensure that all animals within its jurisdiction receive humane care.

Animal Control, Birth Control, And Community Education: Impacts On The Colorado Springs Pet Population, 1970-1984, Phil Arkow

Management and Control of Companion Animal Populations Collection

By 1973, The Humane Society of the Pikes Peak Region, like so many animal shelters across the country, had become quite alarmed at the numbers of animals being euthanized each day. The fact that an agency chartered in 1949 to provide animal relief and rescue had become a humane slaughterhouse, killing upwards of 50 animals each day, was appalling to the organization's directors, staff, members, and to the public at large. It was becoming apparent that the Society’s humane officers had become urban game wardens, routinely killing thousands of pets each year so that the rest could survive on limited …

Comprehensive Animal Control, Jack Homes

Management and Control of Companion Animal Populations Collection

In 1974 the Executive Committee of the Vancouver Regional Branch of the B.C.S.P.C.A. began investigating factors that influence the pet population. Specific attention was given to the changing sociological environment of the area as well as techniques for the control of the pet population and its growth. Some of the sociological problems found in the survey were as follows. Massive increases in multi-unit dwellings such as condominiums and apartment blocks had changed the living space available for both humans and animals. In addition, the actual role of the dog in society had changed in many instances. People were choosing larger …

New York City Animal Control: An Overview, John F. Kullberg

Management and Control of Companion Animal Populations Collection

Proceedings of a workshop on Animal Control, held by the Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine in May 1984.

The workshop and the publication of the proceedings was supported by a grant from the Edith J. Goode Residuary Trust.

City Of Los Angeles: Animal Care And Control, Robert I. Rush

Management and Control of Companion Animal Populations Collection

I have found my department's work statistics to be more useful in determining the changes in the pet population and in the success of our programs. The shelters are mirrors of our society, they tell us what dog breeds are popular and what health conditions prevail for pets in our cities. We can gauge the success of our programs by looking at the numbers and types of dogs and cats impounded, the number of animal bites, cruelty cases and stray dogs.

Report Of The Palm Beach County Animal Regulation Division, Dennis Moore

Management and Control of Companion Animal Populations Collection

The Palm Beach County Animal Regulation Division was established in 1970 by the Florida State Legislature through a special act for Palm Beach County. The Division provides primary animal control services for a human population of 652,195 in one of the largest counties east of the Mississippi, encompassing 2,578 square miles. The vast majority of the population is located along 45 miles of the Atlantic Ocean coastline. As the population has increased (Table I), the population center has moved further inland each year. The western expanses of the county are largely rural with farming as the main industry. Between the …

Animal Control In Pima County And Tucson, Arizona, Arthur J. Ruff

Management and Control of Companion Animal Populations Collection

Tucson, Arizona is one of the fastest growing metropolitan areas in the southwest. Tucson's rapid growth over the past ten years reflects a tremendous (51%) increase in population. The increasing urbanization of Pima County has affected animal control philosophies and the policies of the Pima Animal Control Center.

Animal Control In Fairfax County, Virginia, Richard Amity

Management and Control of Companion Animal Populations Collection

The Department is responsible for providing services and enforcing laws pertaining to both domestic animals and wildlife. The department which has a staff of fifty, is involved in a variety of activities including, provision of temporary shelter and adoption service for stray and surrendered animals, 24-hour emergency service for injured strays, quarantine of animals which have bitten humans, assistance in the removal of stray dogs and wildlife from public areas, conducting humane education programs and issuance of hunting permits. In 1975, the department in a cooperative arrangement with the Northern Virginia Veterinary Medical Association, also developed a reduced cost spay/neuter …

Human Demographics, Animal Demographics, Human-Animal Interaction And The Animal Control Program Of Baltimore City, Lloyd H. Ross

Management and Control of Companion Animal Populations Collection

A study of the ecology and public health impact of urban cats in two neighborhoods in Baltimore (Childs, 1982) indicated that the frequency of cat ownership varied from 20.1% of households to 7.4% of households in the two contrasting areas. It is interesting to note that the low percentage of cats occurred in the low income and predominately Black neighborhood. Information obtained for this study on the age structure of animals in the community varies slightly, depending upon the data source. The polling of 18 veterinary hospitals in Baltimore indicates that animals examined were generally between the ages of 6 …

The Success Of Companion Animal Management Programs: A Historical And Statistical Review, Andrew N. Rowan

Management and Control of Companion Animal Populations Collection

In the early 1970's a surge of articles in the lay and scientific press brought the burgeoning problem of pet overpopulation to the attention of the American public. The spark for this concern appears to have been an article by Carl Djerassi (who was prominent in the development of oral contraceptives for humans) and his colleagues in the unlikely forum of the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists. Djerassi argued that an efficient means of birth control was also required for the pet population (Djerassi et al, 1973). In 1974, following Djerassi's article Alan Beck, in an address to city officials described …

Animal Management And Population Control, What Progress Have We Made?, Alexandra K. Wilson, Andrew N. Rowan

eBooks

Evaluations of animal population problems and their solutions by ten regional animal control and humane society shelters.

The Animal Slave Trade: Brutality On The Road To Research

Close Up Reports

The HSUS is working on several fronts to stop the exploitation of our nation's pets. In January, we were instrumental in establishing a coalition to abolish pound seizure-the practice of relinquishing pound and shelter animals for research purposes. Consisting of 11 of the country's leading animal welfare organizations, The National Coalition to Protect Our Pets will be working with local groups to outlaw pound seizure on a state-by-state basis. HSUS investigators will continue to trace the road to research, and we'll be taking legal action against both dealers and research centers whenever necessary. In our effort tore- r duce the …

The Animal Slave Trade

Close Up Reports

Brutality on the road to research

Visual Evoked Potentials In The Great Apes, Sarah T. Boysen, Gary G. Berntson

Sentience Collection

No abstract provided.