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Agricultural and Resource Economics Commons™

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California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

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Articles 151 - 174 of 174

Full-Text Articles in Agricultural and Resource Economics

Ultrafiltration In The Ontario Dairy Industry, Wayne H. Howard, Remy Lambert Mar 1993

Ultrafiltration In The Ontario Dairy Industry, Wayne H. Howard, Remy Lambert

Agribusiness

The economics of introducing ultrafiltration (UF) into the Ontario dairy industry is analyzed. First, a partial budget is developed to determine feasibility of UF on the farm. The budget indicates that the great majority of Ontario dairy farms are not large enough to capture the economies of size inherent in the new technology. Second, a location-allocation model is used to determine the feasibility, number and location of UF collection centers in Ontario. The model indicates that the UF centers would capture the economies of size and the centers would benefit the dairy industry as a whole. However, processors of soft …

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Irrigation Methods For Drainage Reduction Subsurface Drip Vs. Furrow Irrigation, J.. D. Oster, R. B. Smith, C. Phene, A. Fulton, S. W. Styles, T. Fernandes Jan 1993

Irrigation Methods For Drainage Reduction Subsurface Drip Vs. Furrow Irrigation, J.. D. Oster, R. B. Smith, C. Phene, A. Fulton, S. W. Styles, T. Fernandes

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Estimating The Effectiveness Of Extension Information Systems Using Farm Trical And Subjective Probabilities, Wayne H. Howard, Robert W. Blake, Thomas O. Knight, Richard C. Shumway, Michael A. Tomaszewski Jun 1992

Estimating The Effectiveness Of Extension Information Systems Using Farm Trical And Subjective Probabilities, Wayne H. Howard, Robert W. Blake, Thomas O. Knight, Richard C. Shumway, Michael A. Tomaszewski

Agribusiness

A method of combining survey data and Dairy Herd Improvement Association (DHIA) records to achieve low cost farm trials is presented. Farm trials and surveys of current practices and production responses are useful to identify yield gaps between expectations predicted from experimental findings and actual field results. Different management schemes can be ranked using subjective probabilities and stochastic dominance to enhance successful implementation of research findings and to increase the feedback between researchers, extension workers, and producers. A survey of current masitis control practices and expected milk yield response is the example. Combining survey results with DHIA records allowed estimating …

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Broad-Crested Weir Application On 15,000-Acre Farm, Stuart W. Styles Jan 1992

Broad-Crested Weir Application On 15,000-Acre Farm, Stuart W. Styles

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

Growers in California have been subjected to increasing pressure to account for water used on the farm due to limited water supplies and increasing energy costs. Water measurement capability provides for equitable distribution of assigned costs and enables effective water management to be accomplished. Broad-crested weirs are proven water measurement devices, especially when applied to on-farm applications. The broad-crested weirs and published data were developed by the USDA Agricultural Research Service in Phoenix, Arizona. This paper is a discussion of an application of these weirs.

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Urbanization And Food Imports In Sub-Saharan Africa, James Tabi, Wayne H. Howard, Truman Phillips Dec 1991

Urbanization And Food Imports In Sub-Saharan Africa, James Tabi, Wayne H. Howard, Truman Phillips

Agribusiness

The Granger statistical test of causality was used to examine the relationship between total food imports and urbanization and between food aid and urbanization. Urbanization appears to have caused total food imports to increase in 13 of the 24 countries. Food imports appear to be a cause of urbanization in three countries. Food aid, however, apparently was a cause of urbanization in 16 of the 24 countries used in the analysis.

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Monitoring And Controlling Mastitis On Ontario Dairy Farms, Wayne H. Howard, Ravinderpal Gill, Kenneth E. Leslie, Kerry Lissemore Jul 1991

Monitoring And Controlling Mastitis On Ontario Dairy Farms, Wayne H. Howard, Ravinderpal Gill, Kenneth E. Leslie, Kerry Lissemore

Agribusiness

The frequency of use and the marginal costs and marginal value products of mastitis control practices on somatic cell count (SCC) and milk yield are investigated. A survey of current management practices is combined with Dairy Herd Improvement production information to determine the relationships between milk yield, SCC, management practices, and production and producer characteristics under field conditions. The relationships are modeled and compared at the cow and herd level. A moment-generating approach is used in the herd model to determine which, if any, practices are risk reducing. The SCC for an individual cow is a better indicator of milk …

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Tailwater Recovery Demonstration Program Study, Doug Welch, Tim O'Halloran, Stuart Styles Jan 1991

Tailwater Recovery Demonstration Program Study, Doug Welch, Tim O'Halloran, Stuart Styles

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Spray Drift Reduction With Shrouded Boom Sprayers, Ronald J. Fehringer, Richard Cavaletto Jun 1990

Spray Drift Reduction With Shrouded Boom Sprayers, Ronald J. Fehringer, Richard Cavaletto

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

Downwind drift was measured from a standard boom sprayer and a shrouded boom sprayer. Using 8002 flat fan nozzles, the hooded sprayer provided a 180 to 275% reduction in drift. The effectiveness of the shroud is dependent upon the spray droplet spectrum.

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Regional Adjustment Response In The U.S. Dairy Sector To Changes In Milk Support Price, Alfons Weersink, Wayne H. Howard Jan 1990

Regional Adjustment Response In The U.S. Dairy Sector To Changes In Milk Support Price, Alfons Weersink, Wayne H. Howard

Agribusiness

Milk production supply response at the regional level for the U.S. dairy sector is estimated through the use of dynamic dual models. Adjustment rates and elasticity measures are presented, and then the estimated parameter coefficients are used to stimulate shifts in production resulting from price changes. A drop in milk price designed to realign market conditions is projected to be borne largely by the Corn Belt and, to a lesser extent, the western states.

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Human Resource Management: A Review With Applications To Agriculture, Wayne H. Howard, Kenneth A. Mcewan Dec 1989

Human Resource Management: A Review With Applications To Agriculture, Wayne H. Howard, Kenneth A. Mcewan

Agribusiness

For years the major management concern of farm managers was farm production. In the 1970s and 1980s, the importance of finance and marketing emerged as two additional critical success factors in production agriculture. A fourth management area of growing importance to successful farming is managing labor (Thomas and Erven 1989). Total employment in farming has been steadily decreasing to less than 4% of Canada's labor force in 1984 from close to 20% in 1950 (Agriculture Canada 1984). However, the labor remaining in agriculture has been changing structure, with a greater proportion of hired labor. Hired labor accounted for 30% of …

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Water Seepage From Unlined Ditches And Reservoirs, Nigel W.T. Quinn, Richard B. Smith, Charles M. Burt, Tracy S. Slavin, Stuart W. Styles, Amir Mansoubi Nov 1989

Water Seepage From Unlined Ditches And Reservoirs, Nigel W.T. Quinn, Richard B. Smith, Charles M. Burt, Tracy S. Slavin, Stuart W. Styles, Amir Mansoubi

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

Seepage losses in the San Joaquin Valley's Westlands Water Districts were estimated at 27,000 acre-feet a year, or about 2% of the district's water supply. Ditch configuration and construction techniques appear to influence seepage rates.

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Technical Change And Applications Of Dynamic Duality To Agriculture: Reply, Wayne H. Howard, Richard C. Shumway Aug 1989

Technical Change And Applications Of Dynamic Duality To Agriculture: Reply, Wayne H. Howard, Richard C. Shumway

Agribusiness

No abstract provided.

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What Our Students Should Know: Perspectives From Business And Academia, Wayne H. Howard Jun 1989

What Our Students Should Know: Perspectives From Business And Academia, Wayne H. Howard

Agribusiness

Perspectives from business and academia on the relative importance of various skills and attributes were compared. The perspective from academia came from the University of Guelph learning objectives and the AEB simple and complex skills required for undergraduate majors. A survey of Canadian agribusiness firms, including governmental agencies, provided the business perspective. Different types and sizes of businesses were consistent in ranking the relative importance of the various skills and attributes. The rankings by business were also consistent with the hierachial learning objectives from the University of Guelph and the disciplinary skills from the AEB. The hypothesis that business and …

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Linkages Between Regulated And Unregulated Markets: The Case Of Milk Supply In Kenya, Wayne H. Howard, Ian Mcdonald Nov 1988

Linkages Between Regulated And Unregulated Markets: The Case Of Milk Supply In Kenya, Wayne H. Howard, Ian Mcdonald

Agribusiness

Linkages between the regulated and unregulated dairy markets in Kenya were examined using an econometric model of the fluid milk intake for eight processing plants. Counter-intuitive results were obtained: an increase in the regulated price was significant in decreasing intake in the regulated market, indicating that a price increase in the regulated market also increased price and quantity supplied in the unregulated market. Lagged rainfall was a proxy for available feed and was highly significant in explaining milk intake in the regulated market.

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Dynamic Adjustment In The U.S. Dairy Industry, Wayne H. Howard, Richard C. Shumway Nov 1988

Dynamic Adjustment In The U.S. Dairy Industry, Wayne H. Howard, Richard C. Shumway

Agribusiness

A dual model is used to examine the dynamic structure of the U.S. dairy industry. Properties implied by the theory of the competitive firm and independent adjustment of two quasi-fixed inputs, labor and herd size, are tested and not rejected. Instantaneous adjustment, however, is soundly rejected for each quasi-fixed input. Input adjustment to optimal levels is estimated to take about two years for labor and ten for cows. Quality adjustments of the labor and cow series do not fully embody the technological change that has occurred in this industry over the study period.

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Information And Herd Health Management Practices In Texas Dairies, Wayne H. Howard, Thomas O. Knight, Richard C. Shumway, Robert W. Blake, Michael A. Tomaszewski Dec 1987

Information And Herd Health Management Practices In Texas Dairies, Wayne H. Howard, Thomas O. Knight, Richard C. Shumway, Robert W. Blake, Michael A. Tomaszewski

Agribusiness

The dissemination of information by extension agents on dairy management practices used to control mastitis and the reception and use of that information by producers are investigated. Producers are surveyed to determine current practices used. The relationship between milk yield, somatic cell count, management practices, and producer and production characteristics is estimated. Subjective probabilities are elicited from "expert," extension agents, and producers concerning the impact and cost of various management practices. Subjective marginal value products and marginal input costs are computed and compared for the respondent groups. Stochastic dominance is used to rank the relative importance of the practices as …

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Guarding Against Machine Hazards, R. A. Cavaletto Dec 1986

Guarding Against Machine Hazards, R. A. Cavaletto

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

Successful guarding strategies requires knowledge of machine functions, the physical and psychological characteristics of man, and the their interactions. Machine hazards are identified along with recognized guarding methods. Material is included that could be used to teach this subject (case study, prob!em set, glossary}.

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Evaluation Of Two Models For Light Transmission In Biological Materials, R. A. Cavaletto, S. Upadhyaya, M. O'Brien, T. Cahill Dec 1985

Evaluation Of Two Models For Light Transmission In Biological Materials, R. A. Cavaletto, S. Upadhyaya, M. O'Brien, T. Cahill

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

Two light transmission models for biological materials are developed and evaluated. The energy balance model showed promise. It's developed as a 3 coefficient model permitting varied sample absorption and scattering properties. The second model performed unsatisfactorily.

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Evaluation Of Micro Irrigation Systems, Charles M. Burt, Robert E. Walker, Stuart W. Styles Jan 1985

Evaluation Of Micro Irrigation Systems, Charles M. Burt, Robert E. Walker, Stuart W. Styles

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

No abstract provided.

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A Light Transmission Model For Biological Materials, R. A. Cavaletto, Shrinivasa Upadhyaya, Michael O'Brien Dec 1984

A Light Transmission Model For Biological Materials, R. A. Cavaletto, Shrinivasa Upadhyaya, Michael O'Brien

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

This paper describes a model to predict light transmission in biological materials. The model can be used for any shaped sample. Scattering and absorption coefficients are used in the model and may be varied throughout the sample, thus allowing both uniformly distributed and concentrated defects to be modelled.

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Guarding Of Table Saws With Light Beams: The Light Guard Concept, R. A. Cavaletto, M. S. Kaminaka, C. M. Zahner Dec 1984

Guarding Of Table Saws With Light Beams: The Light Guard Concept, R. A. Cavaletto, M. S. Kaminaka, C. M. Zahner

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

This paper describes a unique type of psychological safety guard for hazardous tools such as table saws, presses. and other tools with areas and components which are dangerous to human fingers, hands, and limbs. It is not a piece of hardware but rather a shalt of light which defines a danger zone around the saw blade or cutting area.

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Method For Stemming Tomatoes, Henry F. Studer, R. A. Cavaletto, Gene Giacomelli Sep 1984

Method For Stemming Tomatoes, Henry F. Studer, R. A. Cavaletto, Gene Giacomelli

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

Method and apparatus for de-stemming picked tomatoes. Each tomato is introduced into the upper end of a generally vertically disposed, open-ended, resilient, open-mesh fabric tube, a substantial portion of which approximates but is larger than the diameter of the tomato. The stem penetrates into and through the open mesh at some point, the open areas being somewhat larger than the stem, while the tomato continues to fall, thereby exerting a bending moment on the stem that snaps the stem from the fruit. The tomato, free from its stem, is discharged from a lower end of the tube.

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Projecting Regional Market Shares For Selected Florida Fresh Market Vegetables, Wayne H. Howard, Arden W. Colette Jan 1981

Projecting Regional Market Shares For Selected Florida Fresh Market Vegetables, Wayne H. Howard, Arden W. Colette

Agribusiness

Growers of tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants and green peppers in Florida have exhibited concern about their market share in the U.S. winter fresh vegetable market. Several studies have looked at the affects of changes in tariffs and Market Orders on Florida's market share from 1962-1979 using regression and time-series analysis. Florida produce dominates the market in the eastern regions during the winter and spring season. Even though the market shares fluctuate, Florida has historically had a smaller share. The market shares have stabilized after the shocks. Forecast market shares, based on the time-series models, show Florida's producers maintaining their dominance in …

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Optimal Regional Conjunctive Water Management, Jay E. Noel, Delworth B. Gardner, Charles V. Moore Aug 1980

Optimal Regional Conjunctive Water Management, Jay E. Noel, Delworth B. Gardner, Charles V. Moore

Agribusiness

An optimal control model is used to determine the socially optimal spatial and temporal allocation of groundwater and surface water among agricultural and urban uses. The control model is described briefly and its advantages over other dynamic models are enumerated. Optimal rates of groundwater pumpage over the planning horizon were highly sensitive to increasing energy costs. Groundwater basins are shown to react differently to alternative economic and hydrological parameters. In a dynamic setting, a policy of pump taxes was shown empirically to be superior to pro-rata quotas and uncontrolled pumpage.

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