Agricultural and Resource Economics Commons^™

Ontario Beef Producers'attitudes About Artificial Insemination, Wayne H. Howard, John Cranfield

Agribusiness

Characteristics and attitudes of Ontario beef producers who use artificial insemination and those who use natural breeding are compared. Natural breeders are characterized as larger as well as more commercial and profit oriented. Time, convenience and problems with heat detection are the main problems natural breeders associate with artificial insemination.

Valuation Of Transferable Delivery Rights For Marketing Cooperatives, Charles V. Moore, Jay E. Noel

Agribusiness

Delivery rights to a cooperative's marketing pool can take on a value independent of the members' equity share under certain conditions. Based on anecdotal information, transferable delivery rights become valuable when the pool is fixed in size (closed), members are protected from exploitation of quasi economic rents, and have an assured "home" for their production. The greater the potential buyers' aversion to risk, the higher the value of the delivery right. The right has additional value if the cooperative generates a premium per unit return due to product differentiation and market power. Cooperatives competing with investor-owned firms in less than …

Obligations And Penalties Under Lemon Laws: Automobiles Versus Tractors, Terence J. Centner, Michael E. Wetzstein

Department of Agricultural Economics: Faculty Publications

Distinctive new provisions of tractor lemon laws which create obligations and provide penalties for defective self-propelled agricultural equipment are contrasted with provisions of automobile lemon laws. Lemon-law obligations involve both producers' guarantees to provide consumers with a serviceable vehicle and producers' promises to remedy defects. Due to fewer manufacturer obligations under the tractor lemon laws as opposed to automobile lemon laws, tractors may be expected to have more defects than automobiles. Yet the tractor lemon laws contain fewer penalties in the form of restitution remedies. The inconsistences of these obligations and penalties suggest tractor laws may be inefficient.

Creating Vertical Strategic Alliances: Theory And Cases From Canada's Agri-Food Sector, Erna Van Duren, Wayne H. Howard, Helen Mckay

Agribusiness

Participants in Canada's agri0food sector have been averse to vertical collaboration for too long. The sector's history of producer marketing boards that were concerned with obtaining bargaining power to redress the market power of buyers has created attitudes the market power of buyers has created attitudes towards buyers and sellers that increase the risk that agri-food organizations will underestimate the advantages of vertical strategic alliances and overestimate the difficulty of building such relationships. However, in spite of the prevailing attitude among participants in Canada's agri-food sector, many organizations have nurtured vertical alliances. This paper develops a framework for understanding how …

An Evaluation Of The Ontario Farm Business Management Association Program, Wayne H. Howard, Glen C. Filson

Agribusiness

The Ontario Farm Business Management Association (FBMA) program was initiated to improve the business management skills of Ontario red meat producers. The program has three aims: • to increase management skills on the farm •to increase management skills in the private sector • to help farmers make use of private sector advice. Two methods were used to evaluate the program. First, FBMA members and other red meat producers were surveyed about their farm and personal characteristics as well as use farm records and information sources. Second, focus groups were held with the FBMA field persons. Results indicate that membership in …

Changes In Water Allocation Mechanisms For California Agriculture, David Zilberman, Neal Macdougall, Farhed Shah

Agribusiness

Existing institutions allocating water in California reflect prior appropriation water rights established when water was abundant. These allocation rules queue users and do not encourage water conservation. increased water scarcity and growing valuation of water's environmental benefits are inducing a transition to water allocation mechanisms that increase water efficiency in agriculture. Transferable rights systems will lead to market-like water allocation, induce farmers to adopt water conservation technology, and may not face strong objection from senior water rights holders. One must weigh the efficiency gains associated with transition from water rights to water markets against the transaction costs associated with installing …

An Optimization Model Of The Dual-Purpose Cattle Production System In The Humid Lowlands Of Venezuela, Charles F. Nicholson, David R. Lee, Richard N. Boisvert, Robert W. Blake, Isabella C. Urbina

Agribusiness

We developed a deterministic, multi-period linear programming (LP) model of the dual-purpose (milk-beef) cattle production system in the Sur del Lago region of Venezuela. The LP model selected animal, forage, and purchased feed activities subject to nutritional, land, and herd composition constraints to maximize discounted herd net margin. A cattle nutrition model provided original coefficients for feeds and animal nutrient requirements. Revised coefficients resulted from an iterative procedure to avoid errors from the interaction between diet and requirements. Model applications demonstrated that alternatives to traditional feeding practices are profitable and nutritionally feasible. However, the benefits of alternative nutritional management depend …

A Socio-Economic Study Of Nature Tourist Behavior In Louisiana, Rudolf Walter Jacobs Ast

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Ultrafiltration In The Ontario Dairy Industry, Wayne H. Howard, Remy Lambert

Agribusiness

The economics of introducing ultrafiltration (UF) into the Ontario dairy industry is analyzed. First, a partial budget is developed to determine feasibility of UF on the farm. The budget indicates that the great majority of Ontario dairy farms are not large enough to capture the economies of size inherent in the new technology. Second, a location-allocation model is used to determine the feasibility, number and location of UF collection centers in Ontario. The model indicates that the UF centers would capture the economies of size and the centers would benefit the dairy industry as a whole. However, processors of soft …

A Proposed Communication Strategy For The Decade Of Landcare: A Report By The Working Group For The Communication Strategy Fir The Decade Of Landcare, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia, Working Group For The Communication Strategy For The Decade Of Landcare (W.A.), Soil And Land Conservation Council (W.A.)

All other publications

A Better Future for Rural WA was a conference focusing on leadership and economic development in rural WA. The conference included

o Development of leaders in rural industries and communities.

o Building more vibrant rural communities through community and economic development initiatives.

o Generating innovative approaches to value adding and marketing our agricultural produce.

o Exploring how rural WA can further build on the economic strengths of agriculture

The conference was designed to help people deal with the issues facing rural communities by showcasing new and innovative projects and practices in rural development from within Australia and overseas and showing …

Estimating The Effectiveness Of Extension Information Systems Using Farm Trical And Subjective Probabilities, Wayne H. Howard, Robert W. Blake, Thomas O. Knight, Richard C. Shumway, Michael A. Tomaszewski

Agribusiness

A method of combining survey data and Dairy Herd Improvement Association (DHIA) records to achieve low cost farm trials is presented. Farm trials and surveys of current practices and production responses are useful to identify yield gaps between expectations predicted from experimental findings and actual field results. Different management schemes can be ranked using subjective probabilities and stochastic dominance to enhance successful implementation of research findings and to increase the feedback between researchers, extension workers, and producers. A survey of current masitis control practices and expected milk yield response is the example. Combining survey results with DHIA records allowed estimating …

Land Use History: Universal Forest Products Mill Site, Susie Van Kirk

Susie Van Kirk Papers

A history of land use in post-settler Humboldt County, spanning from 1850-1992. This report discusses the process of industrialization in Humboldt County, focusing on the Arcata Creamery and the Arcata Mill. This report includes a history of how the logging, milling, and agriculture industries expanded and created the need for industry such as the Creamery and the Mill.

Urbanization And Food Imports In Sub-Saharan Africa, James Tabi, Wayne H. Howard, Truman Phillips

Agribusiness

The Granger statistical test of causality was used to examine the relationship between total food imports and urbanization and between food aid and urbanization. Urbanization appears to have caused total food imports to increase in 13 of the 24 countries. Food imports appear to be a cause of urbanization in three countries. Food aid, however, apparently was a cause of urbanization in 16 of the 24 countries used in the analysis.

Monitoring And Controlling Mastitis On Ontario Dairy Farms, Wayne H. Howard, Ravinderpal Gill, Kenneth E. Leslie, Kerry Lissemore

Agribusiness

The frequency of use and the marginal costs and marginal value products of mastitis control practices on somatic cell count (SCC) and milk yield are investigated. A survey of current management practices is combined with Dairy Herd Improvement production information to determine the relationships between milk yield, SCC, management practices, and production and producer characteristics under field conditions. The relationships are modeled and compared at the cow and herd level. A moment-generating approach is used in the herd model to determine which, if any, practices are risk reducing. The SCC for an individual cow is a better indicator of milk …

Central Bank Of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, June 1991, Central Bank Of Nigeria

CBN Statistical Bulletin

The financial statistics section offers comprehensive data on various financial subsectors, including money and banking, financial markets, non-bank financial institutions, and public finance statistics. Key areas covered include data consolidation of commercial and merchant banks, liquidity ratios, cash reserves, loan/deposit ratios, and credit distribution. Clearing house statistics provide information on volume of transactions within the commercial banking system and the number and value of cheques cleared. Financial markets provide information on new issues, treasury securities, money market assets, Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) transactions, and government debt instruments. Public finance statistics include federal government revenue and expenditure, sources such as oil, …

Economic Characteristics Of The Nursery-Greenhouse Sector In Connecticut, Wayne Gineo, Manda Rao

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Regional Adjustment Response In The U.S. Dairy Sector To Changes In Milk Support Price, Alfons Weersink, Wayne H. Howard

Agribusiness

Milk production supply response at the regional level for the U.S. dairy sector is estimated through the use of dynamic dual models. Adjustment rates and elasticity measures are presented, and then the estimated parameter coefficients are used to stimulate shifts in production resulting from price changes. A drop in milk price designed to realign market conditions is projected to be borne largely by the Corn Belt and, to a lesser extent, the western states.

Human Resource Management: A Review With Applications To Agriculture, Wayne H. Howard, Kenneth A. Mcewan

Agribusiness

For years the major management concern of farm managers was farm production. In the 1970s and 1980s, the importance of finance and marketing emerged as two additional critical success factors in production agriculture. A fourth management area of growing importance to successful farming is managing labor (Thomas and Erven 1989). Total employment in farming has been steadily decreasing to less than 4% of Canada's labor force in 1984 from close to 20% in 1950 (Agriculture Canada 1984). However, the labor remaining in agriculture has been changing structure, with a greater proportion of hired labor. Hired labor accounted for 30% of …

Technical Change And Applications Of Dynamic Duality To Agriculture: Reply, Wayne H. Howard, Richard C. Shumway

Agribusiness

No abstract provided.

What Our Students Should Know: Perspectives From Business And Academia, Wayne H. Howard

Agribusiness

Perspectives from business and academia on the relative importance of various skills and attributes were compared. The perspective from academia came from the University of Guelph learning objectives and the AEB simple and complex skills required for undergraduate majors. A survey of Canadian agribusiness firms, including governmental agencies, provided the business perspective. Different types and sizes of businesses were consistent in ranking the relative importance of the various skills and attributes. The rankings by business were also consistent with the hierachial learning objectives from the University of Guelph and the disciplinary skills from the AEB. The hypothesis that business and …

Linkages Between Regulated And Unregulated Markets: The Case Of Milk Supply In Kenya, Wayne H. Howard, Ian Mcdonald

Agribusiness

Linkages between the regulated and unregulated dairy markets in Kenya were examined using an econometric model of the fluid milk intake for eight processing plants. Counter-intuitive results were obtained: an increase in the regulated price was significant in decreasing intake in the regulated market, indicating that a price increase in the regulated market also increased price and quantity supplied in the unregulated market. Lagged rainfall was a proxy for available feed and was highly significant in explaining milk intake in the regulated market.

Dynamic Adjustment In The U.S. Dairy Industry, Wayne H. Howard, Richard C. Shumway

Agribusiness

A dual model is used to examine the dynamic structure of the U.S. dairy industry. Properties implied by the theory of the competitive firm and independent adjustment of two quasi-fixed inputs, labor and herd size, are tested and not rejected. Instantaneous adjustment, however, is soundly rejected for each quasi-fixed input. Input adjustment to optimal levels is estimated to take about two years for labor and ten for cows. Quality adjustments of the labor and cow series do not fully embody the technological change that has occurred in this industry over the study period.

Information And Herd Health Management Practices In Texas Dairies, Wayne H. Howard, Thomas O. Knight, Richard C. Shumway, Robert W. Blake, Michael A. Tomaszewski

Agribusiness

The dissemination of information by extension agents on dairy management practices used to control mastitis and the reception and use of that information by producers are investigated. Producers are surveyed to determine current practices used. The relationship between milk yield, somatic cell count, management practices, and producer and production characteristics is estimated. Subjective probabilities are elicited from "expert," extension agents, and producers concerning the impact and cost of various management practices. Subjective marginal value products and marginal input costs are computed and compared for the respondent groups. Stochastic dominance is used to rank the relative importance of the practices as …

Vegetable Budgeting Handbook Manjimup Region 1986-87, Peter Eckersley

Horticulture published reports

This handbook is designed as a guide

i) to help growers cost out or budget for their own or alternative enterprises, and use correct methods for calculating benefits and costs of alternative actions. production, and

ii) to help advisers and lending agencies prepare and review budgets.

WARNING - The budgets herein do not purport to represent the average profitability of each crop. It is the reader's responsibility to use the information in them correctly.

The Manjimup region here includes Pemberton, Nannup, Bridgetown and Donnybrook.

Unit production costs vary widely within any farming district. Low-cost production requires the right levels and …

Economic Feasibility Of Electricity Generation On Cage Layer Operations, The, Boris E. Bravo-Ureta, Glen V. Mcmmahon

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Forecast Of Farm Animal Numbers And Feed And Fertilizer Requirements To 1990 For Connecticut And New England, Tsoung-Chao Lee, Stanley K. Seaver

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Feasibility Study For A Beaver Reservoir Agricultural Water Supply Volume I, James Ferguson, Robert Shulstad, William Bateman

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

An irrigation district of approximately 30,000 acres has been proposed to be located in Washington and Benton Counties in Northwest Arkansas utilizing water from Beaver Reservior. This report on the economic benefits of such a district is done under contract No. DACW03-81-C for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers by the Water Resources Research Center at the University of Arkansas.

Feasibility Study For A Beaver Reservoir Agricultural Water Supply Volume Ii, James Ferguson, Robert Shulstad, William Bateman

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

An irrigation district of approximately 30,000 acres has been proposed to be located in Washington and Benton Counties in Northwest Arkansas utilizing water from Beaver Reservior. This report on the economic benefits of such a district is done under contr

Projecting Regional Market Shares For Selected Florida Fresh Market Vegetables, Wayne H. Howard, Arden W. Colette

Agribusiness

Growers of tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants and green peppers in Florida have exhibited concern about their market share in the U.S. winter fresh vegetable market. Several studies have looked at the affects of changes in tariffs and Market Orders on Florida's market share from 1962-1979 using regression and time-series analysis. Florida produce dominates the market in the eastern regions during the winter and spring season. Even though the market shares fluctuate, Florida has historically had a smaller share. The market shares have stabilized after the shocks. Forecast market shares, based on the time-series models, show Florida's producers maintaining their dominance in …

Optimal Regional Conjunctive Water Management, Jay E. Noel, Delworth B. Gardner, Charles V. Moore

Agribusiness

An optimal control model is used to determine the socially optimal spatial and temporal allocation of groundwater and surface water among agricultural and urban uses. The control model is described briefly and its advantages over other dynamic models are enumerated. Optimal rates of groundwater pumpage over the planning horizon were highly sensitive to increasing energy costs. Groundwater basins are shown to react differently to alternative economic and hydrological parameters. In a dynamic setting, a policy of pump taxes was shown empirically to be superior to pro-rata quotas and uncontrolled pumpage.