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2025

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Articles 15211 - 15240 of 19517

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Europe At The Margins: New Mosaics Of Inequality By Costis Hadjimichalis And David Sadler, Editors, Wendy Shaw Jan 2025

Europe At The Margins: New Mosaics Of Inequality By Costis Hadjimichalis And David Sadler, Editors, Wendy Shaw

The Geographical Bulletin

Since the mid 1980's Europe has un122 dergone some fundamental and dramatic transformations, which include the creation of a Single Internal Market and other far reaching economic, political and social changes. The image of Europe that is touted is one of a harmony of differences, of integration, and equality. This integration and harmony is being achieved by allowing the 'logic' of the market to operate, and by engaging in a 'social partnership.' To date, focus has been on the positive aspects of integration, but a darker side exists beyond the rhetoric of a new unified and affluent Europe.

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Entering The Watershed By Bob Doppelt, Mary Scurlock, Chris Frissell, James Karrof The Pacific Rivers Council., Evelyn Gallegos Jan 2025

Entering The Watershed By Bob Doppelt, Mary Scurlock, Chris Frissell, James Karrof The Pacific Rivers Council., Evelyn Gallegos

The Geographical Bulletin

Watersheds are surface areas connected by a stream network creating an ecosystem of habitats and basic life-support systems. Holistic and inclusive, watersheds are natural and often neglected tools for cost-effective and sustainable riparian-riverine management. Past piecemeal and reactive approaches to our damaged riverine ecosystems have been ineffective, and in some cases have contributed to further degradation.

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Managing Geographic Information Systems By Nancy J. Obermeyer And Jeffrey K. Pinto. G, Kendra Buntrock Barberena Jan 2025

Managing Geographic Information Systems By Nancy J. Obermeyer And Jeffrey K. Pinto. G, Kendra Buntrock Barberena

The Geographical Bulletin

Managing Geographic Information Systems explores theoretical compo - nents of a Geographic Information Sys - tem (GIS) and how to manage them. The authors bel ieve that "previously pub - lished GIS books are instructional texts filled with unrelated case studies with lit - tle theoretical foundation ." They suggest that if the theory behind a GIS is known, it can be effectively applied. Their sec - ondary focus is to enable complete use of the full range of GIS tasks by average users by supplying some basic informa - tion about geographical analysis.

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Political Geography (2nd Edition) By Martin Ira Glassner, Jamie M. Goodwin-White Jan 2025

Political Geography (2nd Edition) By Martin Ira Glassner, Jamie M. Goodwin-White

The Geographical Bulletin

Political Geography begins as all good geographies should, by situating what will follow temporally as well as spatially. "It is possible," Glassner begins, " . .. that many years from now historians will look back and judge that the twenty-first century . . . began during the period in which we are now living, roughly from the mid1980s to the mid-1990s." And even ifthis does not prove true, it is most certainly the case that the current period has witnessed substantial re-orientation of the relations between humans and political contexts of space. The spatial scale of human political geographies, it …

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News From The Chapters 1995-1996, C. Nicholas Raphael Jan 2025

News From The Chapters 1995-1996, C. Nicholas Raphael

The Geographical Bulletin

Highlights of Activities (1995-1996): This year was packed full of travels, trials, and tribulations for the Alpha Chapter of Gamma Theta Upsilon. We had approximately 20 active members ofthe organization participating in numerous events. The fall semester started off to a cold, wet camping trip to the ever popular Turkey Run State Park in Indiana. We had a very successful 5th Annual White Elephant Auction, raising $190.00. The local Geography Bee and the State Bee brought in T-shirt sales of $600.00. We made a generous donation to a local charity from the profits we made this year. A new item …

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Charcoal Making: An Element Of Antiguan Folk Culture, Douglas Heffington Jan 2025

Charcoal Making: An Element Of Antiguan Folk Culture, Douglas Heffington

The Geographical Bulletin

Antigua, in the Caribbean Lesser Antilles, has a rich cultural history. The residuals of a monoculture agriculture involving sugar cane (Saccharum ssp.) cultivation are seen everywhere, including a large ethnic population of African descent. Blacks brought to the island as slave labor since the late 1600s have contributed significantly to Antiguan folk culture, including active participation in the cottage industry of charcoal making and the maintenance of the associated material culture. This paper is the documentation of a folk industry before it is lost to the inevitable encroachment of modernization.

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Exploring Spatial Structure Effect On Modeling Spatial Interaction, Engdawork Desta Jan 2025

Exploring Spatial Structure Effect On Modeling Spatial Interaction, Engdawork Desta

The Geographical Bulletin

Measuring the relative importance of locations and accounting for the influence of spatial structure are important considerations in spatial interaction modeling. To determine the volume of attracted and/ or generated flows between interacting locations, different formulations of a gravity model are used. In a system of interaction space, whether it is origins, destinations or both, that should be appraised is still not resolved . The exercise in this paper employs various tracks of the gravity model to evaluate the influence of spatial structure on spatial interaction. The conclusion reached does not fully support the findings of similar previous works. The …

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Marketing Distance-Decay And Highland Vegetable Production In Northern Thailand, Richard A. Crooker, Robert N. Martin Jan 2025

Marketing Distance-Decay And Highland Vegetable Production In Northern Thailand, Richard A. Crooker, Robert N. Martin

The Geographical Bulletin

This paper delineates the potential geographical range of vegetable production in Thailand's northern highlands and demonstrates the utility of marketing distance-decay analysis in rural studies. Hill tribes grow vegetables in northern Thailand as replacement cash crops for illegal opium. They produce more vegetables than local markets consume and the surplus is transported to a developing market in Bangkok. The distance-decay rate ofthis new market is treated as a function of transport costs. Isoline maps are used to analyze resulting marketing gradients of important vegetable cash crops. It appears that distance-decay does not inevitably prohibit marketing surplus vegetables in Bangkok. The …

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Of Landscapes And Nightmares: The Geography Of Fictional Horror, Michelle K. Smith Jan 2025

Of Landscapes And Nightmares: The Geography Of Fictional Horror, Michelle K. Smith

The Geographical Bulletin

This paper examines the role of landscape, place, and setting in the horror genre. A brief history of horror is followed by an examination of the trends and changes that have occurred in horror literature over time. Explanations for these trends are offered. Two-hundred horror stories from 1895 to the present are categorized into the three basic genre subtypes (supernatural, psychological, or other), and their associated landscape settings are identified. The city has been and remains the most popular setting in horror fiction, followed by the small town setting, the rural setting, and the suburban setting. All are associated with …

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Projections And Perceptions Editorial Comments: On The Pleasures Of Being A Geographer. James J. Parsons, James J. Parsons Jan 2025

Projections And Perceptions Editorial Comments: On The Pleasures Of Being A Geographer. James J. Parsons, James J. Parsons

The Geographical Bulletin

We often forget our good fortune at being "Geographers." As Carl Sauer once noted ours is not just another academic discipline. We have chosen it because it has special meaning to us, an important premise that does not always apply to those in other fields. For most of us it represents a compelling, almost mystical way of looking at linkages between ourselves and our supporting earth in particular places, regions, or environments. And we do what we do because we like it. Listen to the late Archie Carr, distinguished naturalist-biologist and world authority on turtles and tortoises: "A geographer is …

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The Cake Of Kings: A French January Tradition, Jean Lavigne Jan 2025

The Cake Of Kings: A French January Tradition, Jean Lavigne

Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Analisis Faktor Risiko Distres Pada Petugas Kpps Di Tangerang Selatan: Studi Kasus Pemilu Tahun 2024, Puti Intan Sari, Dadan Erwandi Jan 2025

Analisis Faktor Risiko Distres Pada Petugas Kpps Di Tangerang Selatan: Studi Kasus Pemilu Tahun 2024, Puti Intan Sari, Dadan Erwandi

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

General elections or elections are processes for citizens to elect the president, vice president, and representatives directly. Elections are organized by various organizations or bodies, one of which is the polling station organizing group (KPPS). Based on studies, KPPS officers bear a heavy workload leading to distress among them. This research aims to analyze distress risk factors among KPPS officers in South Tangerang during the 2024 elections. The study uses a quantitative method with a cross-sectional study design. Data analysis involves descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that 68.8% of the officers experience moderate stress, while 31.2% experience mild …

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Kajian Risiko Kesehatan Pajanan Bahaya Kimia Benzene, Toluene, Dan Xylene Pada Pekerja Laboratorium Lubricant Pt X, Muhammad Reyhan Ahadin Pratama, Mila Tejamaya Jan 2025

Kajian Risiko Kesehatan Pajanan Bahaya Kimia Benzene, Toluene, Dan Xylene Pada Pekerja Laboratorium Lubricant Pt X, Muhammad Reyhan Ahadin Pratama, Mila Tejamaya

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

Lubricant laboratory pose various occupational safety and health hazards to their workers. Exposure to chemical hazards can occur through multiple routes and can lead to both acute and chronic health risks for laboratory workers. This study aims to analyze the health risks associated with exposure to benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) among lubricant laboratory workers at PT X. The study was conducted from February to June 2024 using a descriptive analytical research design with the chemical health risk assessment method from the Department of Safety and Health Malaysia (DOSH) 2018. Data collection techniques were employed quantitatively through personal exposure measurements …

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Analisis Implementasi Prosedur Keselamatan Distribusi Bbm: Studi Kasus Pt Pertamina Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal Jambi, Tiara Sebrina Afrianti, Hafiz Adli Ananda, Taufiq Ihsan Jan 2025

Analisis Implementasi Prosedur Keselamatan Distribusi Bbm: Studi Kasus Pt Pertamina Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal Jambi, Tiara Sebrina Afrianti, Hafiz Adli Ananda, Taufiq Ihsan

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

Distribution of fuel oil (FO) using tanker trucks is highly risky. Although PT Pertamina Patra Niaga has adopted the Tanker Truck Safety Management System, accidents still occur. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of FO distribution safety procedures at PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Fuel Terminal Jambi. This study used a cross-sectional approach. Primary data were collected through direct observation of 50 tanker trucks, including the physical condition, completeness of documents, and driver behavior. Secondary data, such as accident and inspection reports, were also analyzed. Fishbone analysis was used to identify the root cause, and scoring was done to determine …

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Hubungan Konsentrasi Pm 2,5 Dengan Keluhan Gangguan Pernapasan Pada Pekerja Uji Mekanis Up Pkb Pulo Gadung, Armando Wijaya Tampubolon, Doni Hikmat Hikmat Ramdhan Jan 2025

Hubungan Konsentrasi Pm 2,5 Dengan Keluhan Gangguan Pernapasan Pada Pekerja Uji Mekanis Up Pkb Pulo Gadung, Armando Wijaya Tampubolon, Doni Hikmat Hikmat Ramdhan

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

Vehicle emissions including traffic and transportation emissions have become the largest source of particulates in many cities in various countries. Health problems due to particulates from motor vehicles can not only occur around the highway, but can also occur in industries that are in contact with motor vehicles. Under these conditions, researchers wanted to conduct a study at UP PKB Pulo Gadung to see the relationship between PM2.5 concentrations and complaints of respiratory problems. The study sample totaled 38 people, consisting of mechanical testers and FKM UI community members as a comparison sample. The average result of measurements taken …

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Charging Ahead: Prioritizing Renewable Energy For Electric Minibuses In The Philippines, Thomas Stringer, Sandy Mae Gaspay, Varsolo Sunio, Manuel Burelo Jan 2025

Charging Ahead: Prioritizing Renewable Energy For Electric Minibuses In The Philippines, Thomas Stringer, Sandy Mae Gaspay, Varsolo Sunio, Manuel Burelo

Center for Urban Studies Publications and Reports

This study evaluates the environmental and economic impacts of transitioning to electric minibuses (e-jeepneys) in the informal transportation sector of the Philippines. Using a comprehensive model that simulates different e-jeepney uptake scenarios and electricity grid configurations, we analyze carbon emissions and energy costs. Data from the 2023 energy grid and vehicle emission standards are utilized to assess various grid scenarios, including net-zero and natural gas options. Our findings reveal that a 10% increase in e-jeepney uptake results in significant reductions in both carbon emissions (36 gCO2/km) and energy costs (0.70 PHP/km) when paired with a decarbonized grid. The study underscores …

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Temporary Migrant Workers In Transnational Space: Understanding Class Ambiguity, Habibul Haque Khondker Jan 2025

Temporary Migrant Workers In Transnational Space: Understanding Class Ambiguity, Habibul Haque Khondker

All Works

This paper has two main objectives. First, it delves into the complex dynamics of social inequality among migrant workers who, being transnational, often face a dual or multiple class and status positions depending on their physical location, and their ethno-national, and gender backgrounds. Their class position becomes uncertain, fluid, and unstable. Drawing comparisons with their sedentary counterparts, the ambiguity of their class positions in the home and host countries becomes apparent. Migrant workers, often driven by economic necessity or geopolitical factors, face unique challenges that distinguish their experiences from those in settled communities. By examining the multifaceted dimensions of social …

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Investigating The Lived Experiences Of Graduate Students At The University Of New Mexico, Holly M. Surbaugh, Olivia Baca, Liz Cooper, Mark Emmons, Teresa Y. Neely Jan 2025

Investigating The Lived Experiences Of Graduate Students At The University Of New Mexico, Holly M. Surbaugh, Olivia Baca, Liz Cooper, Mark Emmons, Teresa Y. Neely

Journal of Graduate Librarianship

Researchers at the University of New Mexico used a modified critical incident technique study to explore the lived experiences of graduate students in their roles as students, researchers, and teachers. The authors interviewed 20 graduate students in 2022 and then evaluated transcribed responses through two stages of qualitative coding. The students described their multiple roles during their graduate programs and the support they seek for their academic success and overall lives, along with common themes of struggling to secure adequate resources, both financial and social. Analysis of their responses will help align practitioner strategies and library service offerings with their …

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Farm Resilience, Management Practices, And Producer Sentiment: Segmenting Us Farms Using Machine Learning Algorithms, Margaret Lippsmeyer, Michael Langemeier, James R. Mintert, Nathan Thompson Jan 2025

Farm Resilience, Management Practices, And Producer Sentiment: Segmenting Us Farms Using Machine Learning Algorithms, Margaret Lippsmeyer, Michael Langemeier, James R. Mintert, Nathan Thompson

Journal of Applied Farm Economics

Farm managers possess a broad spectrum of capabilities, ranging from tech-savvy, strategically focused managers to those grappling with operational challenges. Our study examines survey data from 403 US commercial producers in order to identify subsets of producers who differ in terms of resilience, management practices, producer sentiment, and other farm characteristics. Utilizing various supervised and unsupervised machine learning techniques, we uncover key farm characteristics that capture the most pronounced variations in survey responses. We then cluster the dataset using these key variables, maximizing separation between clusters and minimizing differences within clusters using Ward’s hierarchical clustering. Fisher’s exact tests are implemented …

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Financial Impacts Of Postdrought Beef Cow Herd Rebuilding Through Debt Financing, Eric A. Devuyst, Hannah Shear, Derrell S. Peel, Roger Sahs, Scott Clawson Jan 2025

Financial Impacts Of Postdrought Beef Cow Herd Rebuilding Through Debt Financing, Eric A. Devuyst, Hannah Shear, Derrell S. Peel, Roger Sahs, Scott Clawson

Journal of Applied Farm Economics

Drought conditions in much of the western United States have improved, leading to opportunities for cow-calf producers to rebuild beef cow herds. Given lower beef cow herds, many producers will need to borrow funds to purchase replacement heifers. We investigate how financial positions are impacted by leveraged replacement heifer purchases. The results are useful to producers and bankers. We suggest alternatives for financially struggling producers, including delay rebuilding to avoid significantly increased financial stress

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The Future Of Stealth Military Doctrine, Theodoros G. Kostis Jan 2025

The Future Of Stealth Military Doctrine, Theodoros G. Kostis

Joint Force Quarterly

In this article, Theodoros G. Kostis examines the evolution and future trajectory of stealth technology in military operations. Traditionally, stealth doctrine has focused on reducing radar cross-section (RCS) to evade detection, as seen in fifth-generation aircraft like the F-22 and F-35. However, these platforms face limitations against modern integrated air defense systems. To address this, future stealth strategies will integrate artificial intelligence (AI), swarm tactics, and miniaturization of platforms such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and drones. Kostis proposes the SiVSMD (Stand-In Variable Speed Multiple-Domain) Offensive Concept, which uses AI-driven, small, flexible platforms to penetrate heavily defended areas with …

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Weapons In Space: Technology, Politics, And The Rise And Fall Of The Strategic Defense Initiative, Todd W. Pennington Jan 2025

Weapons In Space: Technology, Politics, And The Rise And Fall Of The Strategic Defense Initiative, Todd W. Pennington

Joint Force Quarterly

Aaron Bateman's Weapons in Space: Technology, Politics, and the Rise and Fall of the Strategic Defense Initiative provides a comprehensive history of the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), revealing its technological, political, and international complexities through newly declassified records. Bateman explores SDI’s origins, rooted in President Reagan’s vision to neutralize nuclear threats, and examines the challenges posed by its reliance on space-based technologies that blurred the line between missile defense and offensive space weapons. The book details the entanglement of SDI with arms control efforts, European allies’ concerns over space militarization, and logistical hurdles like the reliance on NASA’s shuttle program. …

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The Coming Wave: Technology, Power, And The 21st Century’S Greatest Dilemma, Peter Khooshabeh, Robert Underwood Jan 2025

The Coming Wave: Technology, Power, And The 21st Century’S Greatest Dilemma, Peter Khooshabeh, Robert Underwood

Joint Force Quarterly

Mustafa Suleyman’s The Coming Wave: Technology, Power, and the 21st Century’s Greatest Dilemma explores the transformative and disruptive impacts of artificial intelligence (AI) and synthetic biology (SynBio), highlighting their potential benefits and existential risks. Suleyman, a co-founder of Google DeepMind, examines the "containment problem"—how to manage the unforeseen consequences of these rapidly advancing technologies. He underscores the democratization of power these technologies enable, their global accessibility, and their potential to create profound societal changes. While Suleyman argues that reinforcing nation-states is essential for containment, the book raises questions about whether international cooperation might be a more viable solution. Suleyman presents …

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China’S Use Of Armed Coercion: To Win Without Fighting, Ian Forsyth Jan 2025

China’S Use Of Armed Coercion: To Win Without Fighting, Ian Forsyth

Joint Force Quarterly

China’s Use of Armed Coercion, edited by James A. Siebens, examines how China employs military and paramilitary forces to coerce and signal without triggering war, offering valuable insights for policymakers and military strategists. The book analyzes over 200 coercive operations (2000–2021) and highlights China’s ability to frame its actions as defensive while advancing its regional ambitions through intimidation, direct deterrence, and coercion. Case studies, such as sovereignty disputes with the Philippines and India, underscore how China’s military actions are calibrated to avoid outright conflict but maximize psychological and political pressure. The book also explores China’s integration of military and …

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Polybian Warfare: The First Punic War As A Case Study In Strategic Competition And Joint Warfighting, Casey B. Baker Jan 2025

Polybian Warfare: The First Punic War As A Case Study In Strategic Competition And Joint Warfighting, Casey B. Baker

Joint Force Quarterly

The First Punic War (264–241 BCE) between Rome and Carthage offers timeless lessons on strategic competition and joint warfare, particularly relevant for modern military strategy. This 23-year conflict highlights the challenges of long-term rivalries, where adaptability, alliances, and mastery of new domains like maritime power were critical to success. Rome’s transformation from a land power to a dominant naval force demonstrates the importance of technological innovation, such as the corvus boarding device, and the ability to sustain costly investments in new capabilities. Carthage’s reliance on mercenaries like Spartan general Xanthippus showcases both the advantages and risks of external support, while …

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It’S The Chain That Broke It: The Strategic Supply Chains Underpinning National Security, Gregory M. Tomlin Jan 2025

It’S The Chain That Broke It: The Strategic Supply Chains Underpinning National Security, Gregory M. Tomlin

Joint Force Quarterly

Strategic supply chain vulnerabilities threaten the Department of Defense’s (DOD) ability to maintain readiness and protect national security. Global supply chains, often dependent on multiple subcontractor tiers, are highly prone to disruptions from geopolitical events, foreign interference, cybersecurity risks, and shortages of critical materials, as seen during the COVID-19 pandemic and in delays like those affecting F-35 production. To address these challenges, the DOD must adopt "strategic supply chains" as a core concept in its doctrine, emphasizing continuous risk assessment and safeguards like multisourcing, supply chain nerve centers, and contingency planning. Updating key policies and doctrines, such as Joint Publications …

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Bullets, Bandages, And Fairy Dust: Improving Dmo Health Services Support With Wargaming, Debra D. Buckland-Coffey, Robert P. Gerbracht, Kengo Nishida, William R. Gureck Jan 2025

Bullets, Bandages, And Fairy Dust: Improving Dmo Health Services Support With Wargaming, Debra D. Buckland-Coffey, Robert P. Gerbracht, Kengo Nishida, William R. Gureck

Joint Force Quarterly

Health services support is a critical yet often overlooked component of distributed maritime operations (DMO) and expeditionary advanced base operations (EABO). In exercises and wargames, medical logistics are frequently “fairy dusted”—assumed to function without realistic planning—despite the immense challenges of managing high casualty rates, complex supply chains, and limited evacuation timelines in contested environments like the Indo-Pacific. This article highlights the need for better integration of health services into wargames and exercises, emphasizing the importance of realistic scenarios, multilateral cooperation, and investment in modeling tools. By addressing these gaps, military planners can improve readiness, reduce risks, and better prepare for …

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Updating The Tacs/Aags For Large-Scale Combat Operations, Matthew Neuenswander Jan 2025

Updating The Tacs/Aags For Large-Scale Combat Operations, Matthew Neuenswander

Joint Force Quarterly

The Theater Air Control System (TACS) and Army Air-Ground System (AAGS) have been critical frameworks for coordinating air and ground operations between the U.S. Army and Air Force since the Vietnam War. Designed to synchronize air support, airspace control, and joint fires, the system has evolved to meet changing military strategies, including today’s shift from counterinsurgency to large-scale combat operations. However, challenges persist, such as gaps in airspace management, fires integration, and resource allocation, particularly with the Air Force’s downsizing of Tactical Air Control Party (TACP) personnel. Conflicting priorities, coalition partner limitations, and new Army structures like the Multi-Domain Task …

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Determining Political Objectives, Milan Vego Jan 2025

Determining Political Objectives, Milan Vego

Joint Force Quarterly

Political objectives are the backbone of national and coalition security strategies, shaping the direction and outcomes of conflicts. Defined by political leaders with input from military advisors, these objectives must strike a balance between goals, resources, and methods to be achievable. However, the process is often complicated by competing priorities, biases, and the need to adapt to changing conditions. History has shown the dangers of mismatched resources, flawed intelligence, and unrealistic ambitions, as seen in conflicts like the Russo-Japanese War, Gulf War, and the Russia-Ukraine war. Clear and well-defined objectives—whether focused on defense, conquest, or diplomacy—are essential for success. Achieving …

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Is The Pla Overestimating The Potential Of Artificial Intelligence?, Koichiro Takagi Jan 2025

Is The Pla Overestimating The Potential Of Artificial Intelligence?, Koichiro Takagi

Joint Force Quarterly

The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) is incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) into its military modernization strategy, or "intelligentization," aiming to develop a world-class military capable of designing future warfare. This article reviews over 370 PLA Daily articles to assess how the PLA envisions AI transforming key areas of warfare, including situational awareness, decisionmaking, unmanned weapons, and cognitive domain operations. While the PLA anticipates significant advantages, it also acknowledges the risks of system malfunctions, biased data, ethical dilemmas, and adversarial manipulation. Despite these limitations, the PLA remains committed to leveraging AI to create new forms of warfare, emphasizing the importance of proactive …

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