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2024

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Articles 91 - 120 of 20611

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Introducing Radical Critical Theory Circle's Symposium "Thinking Capitalism In The 21st Century", Albena Azmanova Dec 2024

Introducing Radical Critical Theory Circle's Symposium "Thinking Capitalism In The 21st Century", Albena Azmanova

Emancipations: A Journal of Critical Social Analysis

No abstract provided.


A Critical Theory Of Economic Compulsion, Werner Bonefeld, Interview, Lillian Cicerchia, Werner Bonefeld Dec 2024

A Critical Theory Of Economic Compulsion, Werner Bonefeld, Interview, Lillian Cicerchia, Werner Bonefeld

Emancipations: A Journal of Critical Social Analysis

Werner Bonefeld discusses with Lillian Cicerchia his new book A Critical Theory of Economic Compulsion: Wealth, Suffering, and Negation (Routledge, 2023)


Universality, Necessity, And Progress: Marx And The Problem Of History, Amy Allen Dec 2024

Universality, Necessity, And Progress: Marx And The Problem Of History, Amy Allen

Emancipations: A Journal of Critical Social Analysis

To offer a compelling critique of the present, critical theory needs an account of capitalism that foregrounds its interrelation with the ongoing legacies of colonialism, imperialism, and slavery. To serve as a resource for such an account, Marx’s critique of capitalism and his theory of history need to be disentangled. This analysis revisits the problems of universality, necessity, and progress in Marx’s work in order to show how Marx’s consistently dialectical and critical account of capitalist modernity can be emancipated from the historicist framework that undergirds it.


How (Not) To Decolonize Marx/Ism, Terrell Carver, Gokboru S. Tanyildiz Dec 2024

How (Not) To Decolonize Marx/Ism, Terrell Carver, Gokboru S. Tanyildiz

Emancipations: A Journal of Critical Social Analysis

Since the late 1970s, postcolonial theorizing and decolonizing activisms have directed attention to a taken-for-granted Eurocentrism in Marx/ism. Since the early 2000s, the explosion in available texts, published in original languages and in English translation, has enabled these critiques to develop. Scholars of Marx and activists within Marxism have sometimes responded defensively with apologetics. In this article we analyze an exemplar of this dogmatic and moralizing genre, showing how it deploys three tropes that commonly structure intellectual biography and scholarly commentary. These three story-telling devices are: projection, passivity, and hermeticism. Shifting gear, and proceeding from an agent-oriented reading strategy, we …


Problematic Behavior In Urban Public Libraries: Are Library Policies And Rules Keeping Staff And Patrons Safe?, Jessica Jackson Dec 2024

Problematic Behavior In Urban Public Libraries: Are Library Policies And Rules Keeping Staff And Patrons Safe?, Jessica Jackson

Urban Library Journal

Public librarians often encounter problematic patron behaviors that put staff and other patrons at risk of physical and psychological harm. A comparison of the user behavior policies at urban public libraries is a useful starting point for developing evidence-based best practices for ensuring that public libraries are safe spaces for all and can fulfill their missions to their communities.


Fostering Future Librarians: Best Practices For Remote Internships In A Post-Pandemic Library, Yoko Ferguson, Helena Marvin Dec 2024

Fostering Future Librarians: Best Practices For Remote Internships In A Post-Pandemic Library, Yoko Ferguson, Helena Marvin

Urban Library Journal

Remote library internships in cataloging and digital scholarship can be valuable for both librarians and students. Leveraging online tools, we provide learning opportunities to library school students regardless of their time zone. In this presentation we share best practices for post-pandemic internships that nurture future librarians while tackling challenging projects. This presentation, delivered at the 2024 LACUNY Institute, explored the implementation and benefits of remote internships in academic libraries. Provided here as conference proceedings is a PDF of the slides.

An archival version of the recorded presentation can be found at https://irl.umsl.edu/library-faculty/26/.


Mula Sa Editor (Disyembre 2024), Rowell D. Madula, Dolores R. Taylan Dec 2024

Mula Sa Editor (Disyembre 2024), Rowell D. Madula, Dolores R. Taylan

Malay Journal

No abstract provided.


Analisis Sa Lexical Choice Ng Chatgpt-Generated Na Pagsasalin, Ariel U. Bosque Dec 2024

Analisis Sa Lexical Choice Ng Chatgpt-Generated Na Pagsasalin, Ariel U. Bosque

Malay Journal

Sa popularidad ng paggamit ng ChatGPT (o Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer) sa kasalukuyan, malaki ang nakikitang potensiyal at banta sa mga akomodasyong naipamamalas nito, kabilang ang pagsasalin. Sa ibang obserbasyon, nagiging makahulugan ang kakayahan nitong language model na makagamit, makaproseso, at makalikha ng teksto sa wikang Filipino, sa kabila ng limitado pa nitong database. Sa pagtatangkang masubok ang kakayahan ng ChatGPT na makapagsalin, pangkalahatang layon ng papel na masuri ang lexical choice na umiiral sa mga naisaling teksto mula sa Wikang Ingles (simulaang wika) patungong Wikang Filipino (tunguhang wika). Isinakatuparan ang pagsusuri sa pamamagitan ng paggamit ng tatlumpung pangungusap na …


Mga Kontribyutor Sa Isyu At Panawagan Sa Kontribusyon, Malay Journal Dec 2024

Mga Kontribyutor Sa Isyu At Panawagan Sa Kontribusyon, Malay Journal

Malay Journal

Ipinakikilala rito ang mga awtor ng mga artikulong nakapaloob sa isyu. Inilalahad din ang mga mahahalagang detalye para sa mga interesadong magsumite ng pananaliksik sa journal.


Integrating Sr Isotopes, Microchemistry, And Genetics To Reconstruct Salmonidae Species And Life History, Ross Salerno, Remi Murdoch, Joanna Elmore, Taylor Wilcox, Jens Hegg, Catherined S. Austin, Michael Lemoine, Jade Luckhurst, Alexandra K. Fraik, Molly Carney Dec 2024

Integrating Sr Isotopes, Microchemistry, And Genetics To Reconstruct Salmonidae Species And Life History, Ross Salerno, Remi Murdoch, Joanna Elmore, Taylor Wilcox, Jens Hegg, Catherined S. Austin, Michael Lemoine, Jade Luckhurst, Alexandra K. Fraik, Molly Carney

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Recent approaches to fisheries research emphasize the importance of the coproduction of knowledge in building resilient and culturally mindful fisheries management frameworks. Despite widespread recognition of the need for Indigenous knowledge and historical reference points as baseline data, archaeological data are rarely included in conservation biology research designs. Here we propose a novel multiproxy method to learn from former fisheries stewards by generating archaeological data on past salmonid population parameters. We used a newly developed, high throughput qPCR (HT-qPCR) chip, originally designed for environmental DNA (eDNA), for species identification of archaeological salmonid vertebrae. We combine this with the laser ablation …


Representation Of Alaskan Native People In Nonprofit Leadership, Vanessa Smith Dec 2024

Representation Of Alaskan Native People In Nonprofit Leadership, Vanessa Smith

Dissertations

The nonprofit sector faces a significant issue: the underrepresentation of the communities it aims to serve, including Alaska Native communities. This research investigates the likely causes of this underrepresentation and explores potential solutions. It includes nine qualitative interviews with a majority of Alaskan Native leaders and consultations with other non-Native nonprofit leaders who have extensive experience in Alaska's nonprofit organizations.

This study arose from firsthand experience in an Anchorage, Alaska nonprofit, where the lack of Alaska Native representation in leadership roles within an organization meant to serve the Alaska Native community was evident. The research aimed to understand how well …


Counselors’ Mind-Skills And Self-Compassion During Counseling Service, Eni Rindi Antika, Mulawarman Mulawarman, Bobby Ardhian Nusantara, Tivanny Octasya, Vip Brilliant Stoic, Mirabai Bhana, Abi Fa’Izzarahman Prabawa Dec 2024

Counselors’ Mind-Skills And Self-Compassion During Counseling Service, Eni Rindi Antika, Mulawarman Mulawarman, Bobby Ardhian Nusantara, Tivanny Octasya, Vip Brilliant Stoic, Mirabai Bhana, Abi Fa’Izzarahman Prabawa

Jurnal Kajian Bimbingan dan Konseling

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of mind skills and self-compassion of school counselors in counseling services. The research method used quantitative with a cross-sectional survey research design. The instruments used in this study were mind-skills test instruments and self-compassion scales. The test on the validity and reliability of research instruments was performed using two ways. The validity of the mind-skills test instrument uses the point biserial technique because the data was dichotomous (true or false). The validity test of the self-compassion scale was carried out with the Pearson product-moment correlation point using an error level …


Strength-Based School Counseling In Addressing School Bullying Issue In Indonesia, Indy Hurun Ein, Natris Idriyani Dec 2024

Strength-Based School Counseling In Addressing School Bullying Issue In Indonesia, Indy Hurun Ein, Natris Idriyani

Jurnal Kajian Bimbingan dan Konseling

As the school bullying issues rates have been increasing in the past decade, further comprehesinve actions from professionals in educarion are needed, mainly from school counselors. This paper aims to provide information and highlight key principles of strengths-based school counseling approach that would be compatible to deal with the issues. Using this contemporary approach, school counselors are highly recommended to work with other school stakeholders to create a positive environment and climate for students to prevent them from being both bullies and victims, including actions to identify students’ positive qualities, assign parents to enhance positive communications and relationships with their …


Emerging Trends In Cinema Education: A Bibliometric Analysis, Faturrahman Faturrahman, Wahyu Nanda Eka Saputra Dec 2024

Emerging Trends In Cinema Education: A Bibliometric Analysis, Faturrahman Faturrahman, Wahyu Nanda Eka Saputra

Jurnal Kajian Bimbingan dan Konseling

Cinema education has evolved significantly and become an effective medium in various fields, but comprehensive research analyzing its publication trends is still limited. This study uses a bibliometric analysis method with the PRISMA model to identify, select, and filter articles in Scopus-indexed journals from 1948 to 2024 (n= 650), with data analyzed using the VOSViewer application. The keywords used are cinema education, cinematherapy, film therapy, video therapy, cinema therapy, or video therapy. Results show a significant upward trend in publications on cinema education in the last decade, with a peak in the 2021-2023 period. The United States is the country …


Effectiveness Of Compassion-Focused Group Therapy To Increase Self-Compassion And Forgiveness In High School Students, Kristin Melliyati Benu, Mungin Eddy Wibowo, Mulawarman Mulawarman Dec 2024

Effectiveness Of Compassion-Focused Group Therapy To Increase Self-Compassion And Forgiveness In High School Students, Kristin Melliyati Benu, Mungin Eddy Wibowo, Mulawarman Mulawarman

Jurnal Kajian Bimbingan dan Konseling

Self-compassion and forgiveness are inseparable in the lives of adolescents because adolescents are vulnerable to various conflicts due to social changes and demands that cause negative emotions and other psychological problems. Adolescents need self-compassion and forgiveness to be able to regulate negative emotions in dealing with difficult situations. Compassion focused group therapy is an approach that focuses on compassion so that it can help adolescents to foster kindness to themselves, accept themselves and difficult situations as human and be able to provide forgiveness to themselves and others. This study aims to test the effectiveness of compassion-focused group therapy to increase …


What Is It Like To Be A Diplomat? Reflections On Donald Griffin And Emotion, Oliver H. Turnbull Dec 2024

What Is It Like To Be A Diplomat? Reflections On Donald Griffin And Emotion, Oliver H. Turnbull

Animal Sentience

This commentary addresses three aspects of Donald Griffin’s work: (1) his thoughts beyond cognition, on emotion; (2) his views on the earliest origins of mind, including primitive forms of consciousness; and (3) his diplomatic use of memorable phrases to facilitate change.


Validation Of The Personal Responsibility Scale: Rasch Model Analysis, Irvan Budhi Handaka, Agus Taufiq, Syamsu Yusuf, Diki Herdiansyah, Zela Septikasari Dec 2024

Validation Of The Personal Responsibility Scale: Rasch Model Analysis, Irvan Budhi Handaka, Agus Taufiq, Syamsu Yusuf, Diki Herdiansyah, Zela Septikasari

Jurnal Kajian Bimbingan dan Konseling

Increasing personal responsibility in education is an innovative idea, an idea to educate students in developing morals and values, or the basis of character education. This research aims to develop a personal responsibility scale for students which is expected to become a valid and reliable measuring tool. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach and data analysis used using the Rasch model. The research population consisted of 309 students as respondents, then the sampling technique was purposive sampling with a total of 20 students. The research results showed that the personal responsibility scale was declared suitable for …


Ang Tanawing Pangwika Bilang Pook-Lunan Ng Mga Usaping Pangwika Sa Pilipinas, Ian Mark P. Nibalvos Dec 2024

Ang Tanawing Pangwika Bilang Pook-Lunan Ng Mga Usaping Pangwika Sa Pilipinas, Ian Mark P. Nibalvos

Malay Journal

Ang negatibong pagtingin ng mga Pilipino sa kanilang mga sarili ay mababakas sa sitwasyon ng wikang Filipino at ng mga lokal at dayuhang wika sa bansa sa pamamagitan ng pagtingin at pag-usisa sa ating kapaligiran partikular ang wikang makikita rito na tinatawag na tanawing pangwika o linguistic landscape (LL). Ito ang sitwasyong nais suriin ng papel na ito, partikular ang ipinahihiwatig ng mga pag-aaral kaugnay sa tanawing pangwika sa iba’t ibang pook sa bansa na may tuon sa tinatawag na “top-down signs” o mga karatula o signages na ginawa o nagmula sa pamahalaan o mga ahensiyang pampamahalaan. Partikular na nais …


Sistema Ng Pamantayan Ng Mga Pilipino Bilang Batayan Ng Pagbuo Ng Pasya Ng Mga Kumupkop Sa Mga Batang May Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv), Faye N. Fuentes Dec 2024

Sistema Ng Pamantayan Ng Mga Pilipino Bilang Batayan Ng Pagbuo Ng Pasya Ng Mga Kumupkop Sa Mga Batang May Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv), Faye N. Fuentes

Malay Journal

Tutuon ang papel na ito sa pagtingin sa sistema ng pamantayan ng mga Pilipino (Filipino values system) ni Landa Jocano bilang pangunahing salik sa pagbuo ng mga itinuturing na komplikadong desisyon ng mga Pilipino. Ang pangunahing suliraning sasagutin sa papel na ito ay, paano nabubuo ang pagpapasya ng mga kumukupkop sa mga batang may Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)? Sasagutin ito sa tulong ng mga sumusunod na tiyak na suliranin: 1.) Paano nabuo ang pamantayan ng mga kumupkop sa pagbibigay-halaga sa mga batang may Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)? 2.) Ano-ano ang mga aspektong pangkaasalan ang nagtulak sa desisyong panatilihin ang pagkupkop …


Integrasyon Ng Kulturang Bago Sa Pagtuturo Ng/Sa Filipino, Billy D. Fabro, Ma. Flora May A. Garcia, John A. Amtalao Dec 2024

Integrasyon Ng Kulturang Bago Sa Pagtuturo Ng/Sa Filipino, Billy D. Fabro, Ma. Flora May A. Garcia, John A. Amtalao

Malay Journal

Sa harap ng paglamon ng dominanteng kultura sa mga kultura ng minoryang pangkat at hamon ng unti-unting pagkawala ng kultural na identidad, mahalaga ang tungkuling ginagampanan ng integrasyon ng kultura sa pagtuturo ng araling pangwika. Isa sa mga pangkat na nahaharap sa ganitong hamon ay ang mga Bago. Ang mga Bago ay ang pangkat etniko na naninirahan sa pagitan ng Kordilyera at Rehiyong Ilokos. Layunin ng kuwalitatibong-Penomenolohikal na pag-aaral na ito na alamin ang integrasyon ng kulturang Bago sa pagtuturo ng Filipino. Gamit ang pakikipanayam, focused group discussion (FGD), at pagsusuri sa learning module ng guro at aktibidad ng mag-aaral, …


Talaan Ng Mga Editor At Nilalaman, Malay Journal Dec 2024

Talaan Ng Mga Editor At Nilalaman, Malay Journal

Malay Journal

No abstract provided.


Research As Seeking Help: Searching For Liberative Knowledge - An Interview With Taimalieutu Kiwi Tamasese, Taimalieutu Kiwi Tamasese, David Denborough Dec 2024

Research As Seeking Help: Searching For Liberative Knowledge - An Interview With Taimalieutu Kiwi Tamasese, Taimalieutu Kiwi Tamasese, David Denborough

The Qualitative Report

Indigenous methodologies have been transforming social science research. In this interview, Pasifika researcher, policy analyst, and community worker, Taimalieutu Kiwi Tamasese, speaks with narrative therapist David Denborough about the Just Therapy Team’s significant contributions to developing Pasifika research methods that resist colonizing assumptions and honour culture and relationship. Rather than seeking to establish the researcher as knowledge holder, The Just Therapy Team’s research is guided by values of liberation, sacredness, and belonging to seek solutions to issues affecting communities. Taimalieutu describes the development of innovative research methods capable of eliciting Indigenous knowledges about gender relations and mental health in Samoa …


Amplifying Ratego Stories And Knowledges: A Co-Research Initiative With Young Mothers In Social Movements In East Africa, Deborah Mrema, Patricia Nudi Orawo, Lydia Otieno, Juhi Jha, Joseph Kalisa, Serge Nyirinkwaya Dec 2024

Amplifying Ratego Stories And Knowledges: A Co-Research Initiative With Young Mothers In Social Movements In East Africa, Deborah Mrema, Patricia Nudi Orawo, Lydia Otieno, Juhi Jha, Joseph Kalisa, Serge Nyirinkwaya

The Qualitative Report

Young mothers can be negatively affected by dominant and degrading cultural narratives; their stories of resistance and activism are often rendered invisible in broader social contexts. Informed by collective narrative practice methodologies, we undertook a counter-storytelling research project to elicit and acknowledge the stories of survival and sustenance of young mothers in social movements responding to sexual and gender-based violence in East Africa. We facilitated storytelling circles, incorporating various story and knowledges collection methods. Our approach involved documenting collective experiences and counter-narratives, exchanging stories between communities, and inviting young mothers to respond to other participants’ stories. The telling and retelling …


Research As Respect: Elevating The Knowledge And Stories Of Men At An Aboriginal-Controlled Residential Alcohol And Drug Recovery Service, Mark J. Hammersley, Uncle Les Stanley, Greg J. Smith Dr Dec 2024

Research As Respect: Elevating The Knowledge And Stories Of Men At An Aboriginal-Controlled Residential Alcohol And Drug Recovery Service, Mark J. Hammersley, Uncle Les Stanley, Greg J. Smith Dr

The Qualitative Report

This conversation between an Aboriginal Elder, an Aboriginal senior manager/practitioner, and a non-Aboriginal narrative therapist/groupworker centres on a social research project they undertook with men residing in an Aboriginal men’s alcohol and other drug recovery service in Melbourne, Australia. The men were invited to contribute accounts of what was important in their lives and the practices that supported positive developments in their time at the facility. The men, manager, and a community Elder directed a research process that prioritised the use of these accounts to contribute to the lives of other men. The men resident at the facility provided access …


China’S Mediation Of The Saudi-Iranian Rapprochement And Its Implications On Regional Peace And Security, Henelito Jr A. Sevilla Dec 2024

China’S Mediation Of The Saudi-Iranian Rapprochement And Its Implications On Regional Peace And Security, Henelito Jr A. Sevilla

Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies

The Middle East’s geopolitical landscape during the Cold War was characterized by ideological and religious differences among regional powers and their conflicting allegiances to the United States and the Soviet Union. Iran and Saudi Arabia held vast energy reserves and shaped regional divisions along religious and geopolitical lines. These divisions carried over to the post-Cold War era, exposing the Middle East to decades-long crises and proxy warfares. Domestic and regional problems are intensified by the interference of external powers, further deteriorating the prospects of peace and security in the region. Small countries avoid entanglement in big-power rivalries and focus on …


Framing Palestine Celebgrams On Instagram Social Media Post The Events Of October 7 2023, Labiq Yafuz, Subaidi Subaidi Dec 2024

Framing Palestine Celebgrams On Instagram Social Media Post The Events Of October 7 2023, Labiq Yafuz, Subaidi Subaidi

Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies

This research examines the framing conducted by Palestinian influencers on the social media platform Instagram following the Hamas attack on Israel on October 7, 2023. The study analyzes how these influencers use the platform to convey information about the conditions in Gaza after the attack. The methodology used is content analysis of several Palestinian influencers' accounts to observe differences in their content presentation. The findings indicate that the content uploaded by these influencers focuses on daily life, social impacts, and geographical conditions post-attack. This content aims to provide information and education to viewers about the current situation in Gaza. The …


The Development Trend Of Belt And Road Initiative In Egypt, Shuang Wu, Yon Machmudi Dec 2024

The Development Trend Of Belt And Road Initiative In Egypt, Shuang Wu, Yon Machmudi

Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies

This article discusses three main points: First, Egypt occupies an undoubted central position in the Arab world. Second, in addition to its great regional influence, Egypt also occupies an important geographical position. Egypt is located on the two continents of Europe and Asia, and the Suez Canal in it is an important energy channel for the Indian Ocean to enter Europe and the Mediterranean. Third, China and Egypt have a history of friendly exchanges. Since the drastic changes in the Middle East in 2011, Egypt's national power has gradually weakened. To achieve economic development and social stability, Egypt urgently needs …


Assessment Of Implementation And Enforcement Of Smoke-Free Laws And Policies Among Malaysian Smokers: A Mixed Method Approach, Gan Shiz Yee Dec 2024

Assessment Of Implementation And Enforcement Of Smoke-Free Laws And Policies Among Malaysian Smokers: A Mixed Method Approach, Gan Shiz Yee

Student Works (2020-2029)

Smokefree laws (SFL) and policies could deter smoking by strengthening anti-smoking norms, impacting cessation behaviour due to decreased social acceptability of smoking in public spaces. With socioeconomic status (SES) affecting smoking risk factors, disparities in health outcomes post-SFL implementation are likely. Furthermore, regional and international assessments show Malaysia’s poor performance due to ineffective smoking bans and enforcement. Local studies revealed inadequate SFL implementation and enforcement, leading to high secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. Understanding these challenges and opportunities is crucial for improving policy implementation and enforcement to enhance public health outcomes. This study examined the association between SFL and quit intention …


Symbolic Cultural Value: Creativity And Counterproductivity In Citayam Fashion Week 2022 In Indonesia, Fuad Noorzeha, Agus Sutono, John Abraham Ziswan Suryosumunar Dec 2024

Symbolic Cultural Value: Creativity And Counterproductivity In Citayam Fashion Week 2022 In Indonesia, Fuad Noorzeha, Agus Sutono, John Abraham Ziswan Suryosumunar

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

The phenomenon of Citayam Fashion Week has symbolically influenced the way lower-class youth dress in central Jakarta. What was once an urban area in Sudirman has transformed into a fashion arena after videos of young people sporting distinctive clothing styles went viral. More than just a social gathering, this occurrence has attracted significant attention on social media, showcasing unique fashion expressions. However, this spontaneous and instantaneous trend has sparked a wide range of responses, with opinions varying from viewing it as a creative expression to considering it counterproductive. This study employs Jean Baudrillard’s theory as its formal framework in qualitative …


The Semiotic Construction Of Meaning And Value: Canthik Kiai Rajamala As A Symbol In The Contemporary Social Perspectives, Rosa Bila Putri Dewi, Hutomo Putra, Rochtri Agung Bawono, I Nyoman Wardi Dec 2024

The Semiotic Construction Of Meaning And Value: Canthik Kiai Rajamala As A Symbol In The Contemporary Social Perspectives, Rosa Bila Putri Dewi, Hutomo Putra, Rochtri Agung Bawono, I Nyoman Wardi

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

Canthik Kiai Rajamala is one of the heirlooms owned by the Keraton Kasunanan Surakarta. There are two Canthik Kiai Rajamala, each stored in the Keraton Surakarta Museum and the Radya Pustaka Museum. Surakarta is the only region traversed by the Bengawan Solo River that possesses a canthik, making it a distinctive and unique cultural heritage for the people of Surakarta. This research addresses the issue of how the meaning and value construction of Canthik Kiai Rajamala can be interpreted through Pierce's semiotic triangle theory. Additionally, this study examines how contemporary Surakarta society perceives the Canthik Kiai Rajamala. The objective …