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2021

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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

The Effects Of Racial Capitalism On Poor White Laborers, Amy Whittaker Jan 2021

The Effects Of Racial Capitalism On Poor White Laborers, Amy Whittaker

Liberal Studies (MA) Final Essays

While always remembering that racial capitalism’s very nature ensures that non-white Americans suffer incomparable racial oppression, this paper will endeavor to expose the devastation caused to American society as a whole by explaining the ways in which racial capitalism destroyed poor white labors ability to participate fully in the economic system and strangled its chances of living the American dream. It is my hope that by discussing the missing piece of the poor white laborers’ experience under racial capitalism will unite poor white laborers and poor black laborers to work together to end racial capitalism, policing, and the carceral system. …

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Numerical Investigations Of Transient Wind Shear From Passing Vehicles Near A Road Structure (Part I: Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Simulations), Hamid Rahai, Assma Begum Jan 2021

Numerical Investigations Of Transient Wind Shear From Passing Vehicles Near A Road Structure (Part I: Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Simulations), Hamid Rahai, Assma Begum

Mineta Transportation Institute

In this research, the authors performed unsteady numerical simulations of a moving Ahmed body under a freeway overpass at different distances from the bridge columns in order to evaluate transient wind shear and the wind load on these columns. Results have shown that when the vehicle is at 0.75W distance from the bridge columns, an unsteady wind speed of up to 24 m/s is observed at the columns with a pressure coefficient difference of 0.9. Here W is the width of the vehicle. These results indicate with an appropriate system for harnessing these wind energy potentials, significant renewable electric power …

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Developing Guidelines For Assessing The Effectiveness Of Intelligent Compaction Technology, Mehran Mazari, Siavash F. Aval, Siddharth M. Satani, David Corona, Joshua Garrido Jan 2021

Developing Guidelines For Assessing The Effectiveness Of Intelligent Compaction Technology, Mehran Mazari, Siavash F. Aval, Siddharth M. Satani, David Corona, Joshua Garrido

Mineta Transportation Institute

Many factors affect pavement compaction quality, which can vary. Such variability may result in an additional number of passes required, extended working hours, higher energy consumption, and negative environmental impacts. The use of Intelligent Compaction (IC) technology during construction can improve the quality and longevity of pavement structures while reducing risk for contractors and project owners alike. This study develops guidelines for the implementation of IC in the compaction of pavement layers as well as performing a preliminary life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) of IC technology compared to the conventional compaction approach. The environmental impacts of the improved construction process were …

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Tod And Park-And-Ride: Which Is Appropriate Where?, John Niles, J.M. Pogodzinski Jan 2021

Tod And Park-And-Ride: Which Is Appropriate Where?, John Niles, J.M. Pogodzinski

Mineta Transportation Institute

Despite the sharp drop in transit ridership throughout the USA that began in March 2020, two different uses of land near transit stations continue to be implemented in the United States to promote ridership. Since 2010, transit agencies have given priority to multi-family residential construction referred to as transit oriented development (TOD), with an emphasis on housing affordability. In second place for urban planners but popular with suburban commuters is free or inexpensive parking near rail or bus transit centers, known as park-and-ride (PnR). Sometimes, TOD and PnR are combined in the same development. Public policy seeks to gain high …

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Using Beam Software To Simulate The Introduction Of On-Demand, Automated, And Electric Shuttles For Last Mile Connectivity In Santa Clara County, Gary Hsueh, David Czerwinski, Cristian Poliziani, Terris Becker, Alexandre Hughes, Peter Chen, Melissa Benn Jan 2021

Using Beam Software To Simulate The Introduction Of On-Demand, Automated, And Electric Shuttles For Last Mile Connectivity In Santa Clara County, Gary Hsueh, David Czerwinski, Cristian Poliziani, Terris Becker, Alexandre Hughes, Peter Chen, Melissa Benn

Mineta Transportation Institute

Despite growing interest in low-speed automated shuttles, pilot deployments have only just begun in a few places in the U.S., and there is a lack of studies that estimate the impacts of a widespread deployment of automated shuttles designed to supplement existing transit networks. This project estimated the potential impacts of automated shuttles based on a deployment scenario generated for a sample geographic area: Santa Clara County, California. The project identified sample deployment markets within Santa Clara County using a GIS screening exercise; tested the mode share changes of an automated shuttle deployment scenario using BEAM, an open-source beta software …

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Not So Much Rational But Rationalizing: Humans Evolved As Coherence-Seeking, Fiction-Making Animals, Jose C. Yong, Norman P. Li, Satoshi Kanazawa Jan 2021

Not So Much Rational But Rationalizing: Humans Evolved As Coherence-Seeking, Fiction-Making Animals, Jose C. Yong, Norman P. Li, Satoshi Kanazawa

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

The evidence for biased perceptions and judgments in humans coupled with evidence for ecological rationality in nonhuman animals suggest that the claim that humans are the rational animal may be overstated. We instead propose that discussions of human psychology may benefit from viewing ourselves not so much as rational animals but rather as the rationalizing animal. The current article provides evidence that rationalization is unique to humans and argues that rationalization processes (e.g., cognitive dissonance reduction, post hoc justification of choices, confabulation of reasons for moral positions) are aimed at creating the fictions we prefer to believe and maintaining the …

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Humanist But Not Radical: The Educational Philosophy Of Thiruvalluvar Kural, Devin K. Joshi Jan 2021

Humanist But Not Radical: The Educational Philosophy Of Thiruvalluvar Kural, Devin K. Joshi

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Humanist ideas in education have been promoted by both Western thinkers and classical wisdom texts of Asia. Exploring this connection, I examine the educational philosophy of an iconic ancient Tamil (Indian) text, the Thiruvalluvar Kural, by juxtaposing it with a contemporary humanist classic, Paulo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed. As this comparative study reveals, both texts offer humanist visions of relevance to education, politics, and society. Notably, however, the Kural takes what might be described as a more mainstream humanist stance vis-à-vis Freire’s radical humanist approach. Nevertheless, both educational philosophies share a common humanist bond representing important breakthroughs …

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Religiosity Moderates The Link Between Environmental Beliefs And Pro-Environmental Support: The Role Of Belief In A Controlling God, Kimin Eom, Carmel S. Saad, Heejung S. Kim Jan 2021

Religiosity Moderates The Link Between Environmental Beliefs And Pro-Environmental Support: The Role Of Belief In A Controlling God, Kimin Eom, Carmel S. Saad, Heejung S. Kim

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

The current research examines differences in what motivates environmentally sustainable behavior between more and less religious people in the United States. We found that religiosity moderates the extent to which environmental beliefs predict pro-environmental support. Specifically, environmental beliefs predicted pro-environmental support less strongly among more religious people than less religious people (Studies 1 and 2). Using a correlational (Study 2) and an experimental (Study 3) design, we further found that one particular aspect of religiosity—believing in a controlling god—reduced the importance of personally held environmental beliefs in shaping one’s support for pro-environmental actions. Our findings suggest that motivation to act …

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High-Intensity Monsoon Rainfall Variability And Its Attributes: A Case Study For Upper Ganges Catchment In The Indian Himalaya During 1901-2013, Alok Bhardwaj, Robert J. Wasson, Winston T. L. Chow, Alan D. Ziegler Jan 2021

High-Intensity Monsoon Rainfall Variability And Its Attributes: A Case Study For Upper Ganges Catchment In The Indian Himalaya During 1901-2013, Alok Bhardwaj, Robert J. Wasson, Winston T. L. Chow, Alan D. Ziegler

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

High-intensity monsoon rainfall in the Indian Himalaya generates multiple environmental hazards. This study examines the variability in long-term trends (1901–2013) in the intensity and frequency of high-intensity monsoon rainfall events of varying depths (high, very high and extreme) in the Upper Ganges Catchment in the Indian Himalaya. Using trend analysis on the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) rainfall dataset, we find statistically significant positive trends in all categories of monsoon rainfall intensity and frequency over the 113-year period. The majority of the trends for both intensity and frequency are spatially located in the Higher Himalayan region encompassing upstream sections of the …

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Retirement Preparedness In Singapore, Junxing Chay, Seonghoon Kim Jan 2021

Retirement Preparedness In Singapore, Junxing Chay, Seonghoon Kim

Research Collection School Of Economics

This chapter presents empirical evidence on a variety of measures to assess the social and economic well-being of near-retirees and retirees in Singapore based on rich data from the Singapore Life Panel, a nationally representative monthly panel survey of 50- to 70-year-old adults in Singapore. Large differences in retirement behaviour and household financial conditions related to retirement preparedness across education and wealth groups are documented. This suggests the importance of a retirement-related policy that focuses on the low-skilled and low-wealth groups. In addition, we discuss and evaluate current public policy designed to increase the employment of older workers and propose …

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House Prices And Affordability, R. Greenaway-Mcgrevy, Peter C. B. Phillips Jan 2021

House Prices And Affordability, R. Greenaway-Mcgrevy, Peter C. B. Phillips

Research Collection School Of Economics

The decade following the global financial crisis (GFC) has witnessed rampant house price appreciation in many cities of the developed world. The metropolitan centres of New Zealand showcase this phenomenon with house price appreciation persistently outpacing income growth. In Auckland, the ratio of prevailing median house prices to median household income rose from 6.4 in 2010 to 10.0 in 2016 (Demographia, Citation2011, Citation2017), before declining to 8.6 by 2019 as house prices flat-lined while household incomes increased (Demographia, Citation2020). However, a strong resurgence in house prices during 2020 means that this ratio has resumed its upward trajectory, with an increase …

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Public Health Insurance And Pharmaceutical Innovation: Evidence From China, Xuan Zhang, Huihua Nie Jan 2021

Public Health Insurance And Pharmaceutical Innovation: Evidence From China, Xuan Zhang, Huihua Nie

Research Collection School Of Economics

Developing countries are characterized by low levels of pharmaceutical innovation. A likely reason is their small market size, which is not because of the population size but because of low levels of income and lack of health insurance coverage. This study exploits a natural experiment from the implementation of a public health insurance program for rural residents in China (New Cooperative Medical Scheme [NCMS]) to examine whether the pharmaceutical industry increases innovation regarding diseases covered by the NCMS that are prevalent in rural areas. We examine the 1993–2009 patent data to gauge pharmaceutical innovation in China. Diseases with a 10% …

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Informal Institutions And Comparative Advantage Of South-Based Mnes: Theory And Evidence, Pao-Li Chang, Yuting Chen Jan 2021

Informal Institutions And Comparative Advantage Of South-Based Mnes: Theory And Evidence, Pao-Li Chang, Yuting Chen

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper builds a theory based on “informal institutions” to characterize the comparative advantage of South-based MNEs. MNEs headquartered in countries with poorer state institutions are shown to endogenously invest more in firm-specific institutional capital to compensate for the lack of state institutions, and as an optimal response, undertake FDI in countries with weaker institutions. We conduct an extensive test of the theory using worldwide firm-level greenfield FDI flows during 2009–2016, employing (among others) variations in the interaction of prevalence of informal institutions at home and state institutional qualities of host countries, as well as heterogeneity across sectors and firms …

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Joint Tests For Dynamic And Spatial Effects In Short Dynamic Panel Data Models With Fixed Effects And Heteroskedasticity, Zhenlin Yang Jan 2021

Joint Tests For Dynamic And Spatial Effects In Short Dynamic Panel Data Models With Fixed Effects And Heteroskedasticity, Zhenlin Yang

Research Collection School Of Economics

Simple and reliable tests are proposed for testing the existence of dynamic and/or spatial effects in fixed-effects panel data models with small T and possibly heteroskedastic errors. The tests are constructed based on the adjusted quasi scores (AQS), which correct the conditional quasi scores given the initial differences to account for the effect of initial values. To improve the finite sample performance, standardized AQS tests are also derived, which are shown to have much improved finite sample properties. All the proposed tests are robust against nonnormality, but some are not robust against cross-sectional heteroskedasticity (CH). A different type of adjustments …

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Generalized Jump Regressions For Local Moments, Tim Bollerslev, Jia Li, Leonardo Salim Saker Chaves Jan 2021

Generalized Jump Regressions For Local Moments, Tim Bollerslev, Jia Li, Leonardo Salim Saker Chaves

Research Collection School Of Economics

We develop new high-frequency-based inference procedures for analyzing the relationship between jumps in instantaneous moments of stochastic processes. The estimation consists of two steps: the nonparametric determination of the jumps as differences in local averages, followed by a minimum-distance type estimation of the parameters of interest under general loss functions that include both least-square and more robust quantile regressions as special cases. The resulting asymptotic distribution of the estimator, derived under an infill asymptotic setting, is highly nonstandard and generally not mixed normal. In addition, we establish the validity of a novel bootstrap algorithm for making feasible inference including bias-correction. …

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Spandeck: A Relational View Of The Duty Of Care, Kian Peng Soh Jan 2021

Spandeck: A Relational View Of The Duty Of Care, Kian Peng Soh

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The use of a general framework in the determination of a duty of care has seemingly fallen out of favour following the UK Supreme Court’s decision in Robinson. Relying on the example of the Spandeck framework in Singaporean jurisprudence, this piece presents the argument that such frameworks, being consistent with a relational conception of tort law, can provide a useful means of determining whether a duty of care exists. In so doing, this piece addresses some criticisms of the relational view and re-emphasises the important role the duty of care plays in the tort of negligence.

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Global Stablecoins And China’S Cbdc: New Moneys With New Impacts On The Financial System?, Wei Shen, Heng Wang Jan 2021

Global Stablecoins And China’S Cbdc: New Moneys With New Impacts On The Financial System?, Wei Shen, Heng Wang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Digital currencies are reshaping the financial, monetary, and regulatory landscape. There are at least two routes for the development of digital currencies. One is global stablecoins (e.g., Diem that is previously named Libra), issued by private players, while the other is central bank digital currency (CBDC) issued by central banks, with China’s CBDC as an example and possibly the first CBDC that will be issued by a major economy. Albeit in their rudimentary stages, global stablecoins and China’s CBDC are likely to disrupt the current financial system and challenge existing financial regulation. This article examines two crucial but under-explored questions: …

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Important Not To Let Hsr Termination Hobble Further Cooperation, Tan K. B. Eugene Jan 2021

Important Not To Let Hsr Termination Hobble Further Cooperation, Tan K. B. Eugene

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Strong people-to-people ties can help temper political histrionics, moderate negative impact on political ties. The tantalising prospect of being able to leave Singapore and arrive in Kuala Lumpur in just 90 minutes remains a pipe dream after the High Speed Rail (HSR) agreement was terminated last Friday, along with what could have been an important confidence booster to bilateral ties between Singapore and Malaysia.

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Becoming Citizens: Policy Feedback And The Transformation Of The Thai Rice Farmer, Jacob Ricks, Thanapan Laiprakobsub Jan 2021

Becoming Citizens: Policy Feedback And The Transformation Of The Thai Rice Farmer, Jacob Ricks, Thanapan Laiprakobsub

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Over the past twenty years, Thailand’s rice farmers have become one of the country’s most important and active political constituencies, a sharp contrast from the previous decades wherein they were treated with neglect or even derision by the Thai political elite. These “political peasants” now actively advocate for and successfully receive extensive subsidies from both authoritarian and democratic governments. What has driven this change? In this essay, we draw on theories of the policy feedback loop wherein policies yield both material and cognitive benefits, which change the political behavior of populations. We argue that the Thaksin Shinawatra government’s (2001-2006) paddy …

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'Fraught' Chineseness: 'Chinese Christians' In The Vancouver Sun, Justin Kh Tse Jan 2021

'Fraught' Chineseness: 'Chinese Christians' In The Vancouver Sun, Justin Kh Tse

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This chapter explores the ways in which Douglas Todd, a journalist for the Vancouver Sun, has covered stories about Chinese churches in Vancouver, BC, for over three decades. It shows how Todd has focused on Chinese Christians as a way to offer a particular perspective on religion and cultural diversity in Vancouver, and as a window into their relationship with the civil society. Ultimately, this chapter highlights the ways in which Todd essentializes “Chineseness” and reinforces a problematic public narrative of homogeneity among Vancouver’s Chinese Christians.

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The Facets Of Meaningful Experiences: An Examination Of Purpose And Coherence In Meaningful And Meaningless Events, William Tov, Weiting Ng, Soon-Hock Kang Jan 2021

The Facets Of Meaningful Experiences: An Examination Of Purpose And Coherence In Meaningful And Meaningless Events, William Tov, Weiting Ng, Soon-Hock Kang

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Research on meaning has begun to assess the specific facets of meaning in life. Few studies have examined the extent to which these facets distinguish meaning at the level of individual events. In the present study, participants from Singapore and the U.S. wrote about meaningful and meaningless events and rated the extent to which they experienced purpose, coherence, positive and negative implications for self and others, positive affect, and negative affect. In both samples, meaningful and meaningless events differed most in their levels of positive affect, purpose, and positive implications for the self. When entered as predictors of overall event …

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The Human Development And Capabilities Approach As A Twenty-First Century Ideology Of Globalization, Devin K. Joshi Jan 2021

The Human Development And Capabilities Approach As A Twenty-First Century Ideology Of Globalization, Devin K. Joshi

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

While many scholars have analysed neo-liberalism (i.e. market globalism) as an ideology of globalization, much less is known about alternative and emerging ideologies that challenge neoliberalism on a global scale. Addressing this gap, I critically examine the ‘human development and capabilities approach’ (HDCA) as a counter-ideology to neoliberalism promoted by the United Nations. Applying morphological discourse analysis and incorporating critical insights from recent work by Manfred Steger and Paul James, this study demonstrates how the HDCA (i.e. capabilities globalism) functions as a well-developed ideology steeped in a global imaginary. Yet, despite having multiple strengths, HDCA morphology and deployment have limited …

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Understanding International Immobility Through Internal Migration: ‘Left Behind’ Nurses In The Philippines, Yasmin Y. Ortiga, Romeo Luis A. Macabasag Jan 2021

Understanding International Immobility Through Internal Migration: ‘Left Behind’ Nurses In The Philippines, Yasmin Y. Ortiga, Romeo Luis A. Macabasag

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Migration scholars have tended to portray internal mobility as a step toward broader cross-border movement, reinforcing the notion of ongoing progress toward international migration. This article argues for a need to recognize how internal mobility can also explain international immobility, or why people do not move across national borders. Using the case of Filipino nurses, we argue that while internal migration does allow aspiring migrants to build the potential ability to emigrate, individual trajectories are much more diverse and multi-directional, often prolonging or reinforcing their international immobility. As a result, and in our case study, the costs and burdens of …

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Development Of Sustainable Port Supply Chain Integration In Egypt, Khaled Nasraldin Mohamed Hussein Jan 2021

Development Of Sustainable Port Supply Chain Integration In Egypt, Khaled Nasraldin Mohamed Hussein

World Maritime University Ph.D. Dissertations

Advances in transportation and communication technology have led to acceleration of globalisation. The introduction of containerisation and multimodalism has triggered the cheaper, faster and safer shipping. Industries became encouraged to offshore their business to best utilise cheap labour and natural resources. Consequently, adoption of new strategies for global sourcing and outsourcing, such as supply management, became inevitable. These globalisation phenomena triggered the need for integrated logistics services and thus more integrated maritime logistics into global supply chains. Port integration into supply chains became a legitimate evolution for development taking place in the global maritime logistics industry. Empirical evidence refers to …

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Rapid Golgi Stain For Dendritic Spine Visualization In Hippocampus And Prefrontal Cortex, Maya Frankfurt, Rachel E. Bowman Jan 2021

Rapid Golgi Stain For Dendritic Spine Visualization In Hippocampus And Prefrontal Cortex, Maya Frankfurt, Rachel E. Bowman

Psychology Faculty Publications

Golgi impregnation, using the Golgi staining kit with minor adaptations, is used to impregnate dendritic spines in the rat hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex. This technique is a marked improvement over previous methods of Golgi impregnation because the premixed chemicals are safer to use, neurons are consistently well impregnated, there is far less background debris, and for a given region, there are extremely small deviations in spine density between experiments. Moreover, brains can be accumulated after a certain point and kept frozen until further processing. Using this method any brain region of interest can be studied. Once stained and cover …

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The Corruption Of Copyright And Returning It To Its Original Purposes, Michelle M. Wu Jan 2021

The Corruption Of Copyright And Returning It To Its Original Purposes, Michelle M. Wu

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Since its inception, Copyright has had two purposes: the private interest of the author in being paid for her work and the public interest served by the dissemination of these works. Within the last two decades, though, some industries have systematically undermined both of those interests, redirecting the benefits of copyright towards themselves instead of the intended beneficiaries. This paper looks at the book, music, and entertainment industries, examines how copyright has been used to suppress the uses it was intended to foster, and explores ongoing and proposed avenues for course correction.

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An Empirical Examination Of The Computer Security Behaviors Of Telecommuters Working With Confidential Data Through Leveraging The Factors From Fear Appeals Model (Fam), Titus Dohnfon Fofung Jan 2021

An Empirical Examination Of The Computer Security Behaviors Of Telecommuters Working With Confidential Data Through Leveraging The Factors From Fear Appeals Model (Fam), Titus Dohnfon Fofung

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

Computer users’ security compliance behaviors can be better understood by devising an experimental study to examine how fear appeals might impact users’ security behavior. Telecommuter security behavior has become very relevant in information systems (IS) research with the growing number of individuals working from home. The increasing dependence on telecommuting to enhance the viability and convenience has created an urgency with the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic to examine the behavior of users working at home across a corporate network. The home networks are usually not as secure as those in corporate settings. There is seldom a firewall setting and …

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Is There Discrimination Against Women By The Orthodox Church In The Republic Of North Macedonia?, Aneta Jovkovska Jan 2021

Is There Discrimination Against Women By The Orthodox Church In The Republic Of North Macedonia?, Aneta Jovkovska

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The growing interest in the issue of gender equality in the past few decades ranks this topic among the main themes of various research and reflection.There does not seem to be much agreement between the numerous studies, which in itself makes it difficult to understand them and again raises questions about the interpretation of fundamental Christian doctrines. In light of the existing and offered considerations, we believe that biblical texts, such as Galatians 3:28 (“There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus”), have encouraged women to stand up …

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Frontmatter (Volume 41, Issue 8), Paul B. Mojzes Jan 2021

Frontmatter (Volume 41, Issue 8), Paul B. Mojzes

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

No abstract provided.

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A Complicated Affair Of Twentieth Century Southeast Asia, Nhi Phan Jan 2021

A Complicated Affair Of Twentieth Century Southeast Asia, Nhi Phan

BYU Asian Studies Student Journal

January 7, 2021 marked the 42nd anniversary of the Vietnamese army and allied forces of Cambodian general Hun Sen overthrowing Pol Pot. Although this invasion took a mere two weeks, the consequences lasted for more than ten years with huge losses for both the Vietnamese and Cambodians. After 1975, Indochina has gone through many changes with different regimes; its geography, however, has remained the same. Even though both Vietnam and Cambodia became communist regimes after winning their independence from France in 1975, they experienced different changes in political ideology. The shift in regime also brought along border conflicts between the …

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