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2021

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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Comparison Of Differential Effects Of Interpolated And Intermittent Reinforcement On Extinction Resistance: A Simulated Study, Cara D. Baxter Jan 2021

Comparison Of Differential Effects Of Interpolated And Intermittent Reinforcement On Extinction Resistance: A Simulated Study, Cara D. Baxter

Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education

Schedules of reinforcement explain when a reinforcer may be delivered. Among the different schedules exists continuous (CRF), intermittent (INT), and extinction (EXT). When employing a CRF, reinforcement is delivered following every occurrence of the target response. An INT schedule includes varying the delivery of reinforcement. While both of these schedules include the delivery of reinforcement, EXT means that reinforcement is no longer delivered for the target response (Lee & Belfiore, 1997). Studies have shown that behaviors may be less resistant to extinction if moved from an INT schedule to a CRF schedule than if EXT followed the INT schedule alone. …

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Coaching Caregivers In Rural Communities On Naturalistic Strategies Via Telehealth, Stevie L. Ogburn Jan 2021

Coaching Caregivers In Rural Communities On Naturalistic Strategies Via Telehealth, Stevie L. Ogburn

Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education

Naturalistic strategies have been shown in research to promote expressive language in children by embedding opportunities for learning trials during routines and activities. Efforts to promote expressive language development are often focused on training caregivers in implementing naturalistic strategies in their child’s typical daily routine. Coaching is a consistently effective training practice to prepare family members to implement the naturalistic strategies. While coaching has been shown to be effective, the recommended time requirement could be a barrier for most caregivers. Caregivers living in geographically remote areas also face additional barriers, such as higher rates of poverty and less access to …

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The Relationship Between Stress And Quality Of Life In People With Multiple Sclerosis: The Mediating Role Of Resilience, Byung Jin Kim Jan 2021

The Relationship Between Stress And Quality Of Life In People With Multiple Sclerosis: The Mediating Role Of Resilience, Byung Jin Kim

Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system encompassing the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve, in which the patient’s immune system attacks healthy cells and tissues. Due to the unpredictable characteristics of the disease, MS can lead to an unusually high level of stress and may negatively impact the individual’s QoL. Resilience is a psychological structure that shows positive coping and adaptive ability from difficult or stressful situations. Resilience also indicates a buffering effect on the stressors of individuals with disabilities and serves to protect psychological health and function from disability. The purpose of this …

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Fuzzy Cognitive Map-Based Knowledge Representation Of Hazardous Industrial Operations, Francesco Longo, Antonio Padovano, Letizia Nicoletti, Caterina Fusto, Mohaiad Elbasheer, Rafael Diaz Jan 2021

Fuzzy Cognitive Map-Based Knowledge Representation Of Hazardous Industrial Operations, Francesco Longo, Antonio Padovano, Letizia Nicoletti, Caterina Fusto, Mohaiad Elbasheer, Rafael Diaz

VMASC Publications

Hazardous industrial operations are highly stochastic, still human-dependent, and risky. Operators working in such an environment must understand the complex interrelation between several factors contributing to safe and effective operations. Therefore, being able to predict the effects of their actions on provoking or mitigating possible accidents is crucial. This study aims to utilize fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM) to model the expert’s reasoning about occupational health and safety (OHS) in confined space. This knowledge is used by operators to build their mental models. The developed FCM displays all the possible incidents of a confined space and links these incidents with all …

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Human Factors, Ergonomics And Industry 4.0 In The Oil & Gas Industry: A Bibliometric Analysis, Francesco Longo, Antonio Padovano, Lucia Gazzaneo, Jessica Frangella, Rafael Diaz Jan 2021

Human Factors, Ergonomics And Industry 4.0 In The Oil & Gas Industry: A Bibliometric Analysis, Francesco Longo, Antonio Padovano, Lucia Gazzaneo, Jessica Frangella, Rafael Diaz

VMASC Publications

Over the last few years, the Human Factors and Ergonomics (HF/E) discipline has significantly benefited from new human-centric engineered digital solutions of the 4.0 industrial age. Technologies are creating new socio-technical interactions between human and machine that minimize the risk of design-induced human errors and have largely contributed to remarkable improvements in terms of process safety, productivity, quality, and workers’ well-being. However, despite the Oil&Gas (O&G) sector is one of the most hazardous environments where human error can have severe consequences, Industry 4.0 aspects are still scarcely integrated with HF/E. This paper calls for a holistic understanding of the changing …

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Examining The Psychometric Properties Of The Weekly Emotional And Functional Summary, Brittany Lynn Quimby Jan 2021

Examining The Psychometric Properties Of The Weekly Emotional And Functional Summary, Brittany Lynn Quimby

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Self-report questionnaires are used in clinical practice to aid in the process of conceptualizing, diagnosing, planning treatment, and monitoring progress throughout treatment. However, self-report questionnaires can be inconvenient to both clinicians and patients if excessive time is needed to complete and score them. To date, a brief and consolidated self-report questionnaire that measures anxiety, depression, anger, suicidality, homicidality, positive mental health, and functioning does not exist. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the factor structure and the psychometric properties of the self-report questionnaire, the Weekly Emotional and Functional Summary (WEFS). The study was correlational, using archival data …

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Prosocial Behaviors, Gross Motor Abilities, And Soccer Skill Acquisition Of Preschool-Aged Children, Julia Gomes Jan 2021

Prosocial Behaviors, Gross Motor Abilities, And Soccer Skill Acquisition Of Preschool-Aged Children, Julia Gomes

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

The psychosocial and physical benefits of organized sports participation for school-aged children, collegiate athletes, and professional athletes is well understood and recognized in the literature; however, less is known about the possible benefits of sport participation for preschool-aged children. The objective of the study was to examine whether children’s involvement in an organized team sport program facilitated their gross motor, soccer skill, and prosocial development, as well as their soccer experiences. This study examined participants between the ages of 1.5 and 4.5 years old, who were first time participants of a soccer program. To examine the research questions, a paired …

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Assessing Factors That Increase The Likelihood Of Naloxone Administration, Samantha Nagy Jan 2021

Assessing Factors That Increase The Likelihood Of Naloxone Administration, Samantha Nagy

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

For more than two decades, the opioid epidemic has swept through the United States and has caused thousands of deaths every year due to opioid overdose. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; 2019) has reported that since 1999, over 770,000 Americans have died from overdoses. Nearly 70% of deaths in 2018 were due to opioids, 47% of which were the result of fentanyl or a non-methadone opioid and 22% were the result of heroin (CDC, 2019). As policy and treatment protocols attempt to manage those who seek treatment, the pharmaceutical industry has developed a life-saving medication that gives …

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An Analysis Of Parent And Teacher Judgements Of Executive Capacities Of Students Classified As Emotionally Disabled And A Matched, Non-Clinical Student Group, Brianna Fonte Jan 2021

An Analysis Of Parent And Teacher Judgements Of Executive Capacities Of Students Classified As Emotionally Disabled And A Matched, Non-Clinical Student Group, Brianna Fonte

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Decades of research on executive functions (EF) have shown that this psychological construct is complex and multifaceted. Although the association between EF deficits and emotional and behavioral difficulties demonstrated by students with the EBD classification have also been made clear, the specific nature of these associations needs further exploration. The current study used archival data from the McCloskey Executive Functions Scale (MEFS) to examine parent and teacher ratings to understand further the EF deficits exhibited by students classified with EBD. Overall, the results reflected that higher percentages of students in an EBD group than a control group were rated as …

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The Relationship Between Insomnia, Sleep Continuity Disturbance, Sleep-Related Daytime Dysfunction, Problem Endorsement, And Aging In A Community-Based Sample, Julia T. Boyle Jan 2021

The Relationship Between Insomnia, Sleep Continuity Disturbance, Sleep-Related Daytime Dysfunction, Problem Endorsement, And Aging In A Community-Based Sample, Julia T. Boyle

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Although older adults experience greater difficulty initiating sleep, maintaining sleep, or waking up earlier than intended, they are less likely to report that they perceive this to be a problem. The discordance between sleep disorder symptoms and the reported perception that they are troubling is unusually prevalent among older adults. This may be problematic, in that individuals who do not perceive their sleep continuity disturbances (SCDs; difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up earlier than intended) to be problems are less likely to seek treatment. Untreated SCD has been shown to be a risk factor for the development or …

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Gender Differences In Cognitive Distortions In Adults With Adhd, Laura Salciunas Jan 2021

Gender Differences In Cognitive Distortions In Adults With Adhd, Laura Salciunas

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Research has established that men and women with ADHD often manifest varying symptom constellations and are typically referred at different ages for initial evaluation. However, there is a dearth of research into how such gender differences may impact the manifestation of various psychological processes, such as cognitive distortions, even though the latter may explain up to half the variance in many clinical syndromes and personality disorders. The primary objective of this study was to identify whether there is a significant difference in the frequency of cognitive distortions between men and women with ADHD. The secondary objective was to determine the …

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The Development Of An Integrated Anger Management Protocol, Gerald W. Smith Jan 2021

The Development Of An Integrated Anger Management Protocol, Gerald W. Smith

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

This thesis describes the rationale for and development of an anger management protocol that can be used with middle and high school students. The protocol is based primarily on the anger management work of Goldstein (1999) and Larson and Lochman (2002) integrated with the Holarchichal Model of Executive Functions (McCloskey, 2008). The protocol also integrates the Collaborative and Proactive Solutions model of Greene and Ablon (2001) and mediated learning principles. This integrated anger management protocol primarily draws upon internally based executive function interventions involving goal-setting and increasing self-awareness and self-realization. This thesis discusses the methodologies in developing the protocol, a …

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Effects Of Bilingualism On Executive Functioning In A Georgian-American Sample: A Latent Variables Approach. Preliminary Normative Data, Irma Campbell Jan 2021

Effects Of Bilingualism On Executive Functioning In A Georgian-American Sample: A Latent Variables Approach. Preliminary Normative Data, Irma Campbell

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Over the past several decades, bilingual advantage has been a topic of continuous debate among neuroscientists and linguists. Bilingualism was thought to negatively affect one’s cognitive development. Although a number of studies have shown positive effects of bilingualism on executive functioning, this view has been often challenged on methodological grounds. The current study examined monolingual and bilingual Georgian-American immigrant participants (N = 130). The results of this study showed that the bilingual individuals performed superior to the monolingual participants on three measures of executive functioning. In addition, the level of performance on measures of executive functioning that emerged in bilingual …

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An Examination Of Internet Search Behavior And Completed Suicide Rates Across The United States, Marie Louise Rhoads Jan 2021

An Examination Of Internet Search Behavior And Completed Suicide Rates Across The United States, Marie Louise Rhoads

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Suicide remains a leading cause of death in the US (CDC, 2021; Murphy et al., 2018). The literature has shown that individuals seeking information on personal or sensitive topics are likely to utilize the internet (Jacobs et al., 2017; Mok et al., 2015; Pew Research Center, 2019). Research also suggests that internet search behavior can be utilized to track and predict disease outbreak effectively, as well as other public health trends across the nation (Paparrizos et al., 2016; Parker, et al., 2017). Moreover, implicit associations related to suicide have been identified as strong predictors of future suicide (Millner et al., …

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Preoperative Factors Associated With Weight Loss Following Bariatric Surgery, Abdul Shakoor Ahmed Jan 2021

Preoperative Factors Associated With Weight Loss Following Bariatric Surgery, Abdul Shakoor Ahmed

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Obesity is a major health issue in the United States. More than two thirds of the adult population is considered to be either overweight or obese. It is the fifth leading cause of mortality in the world, with 3.4 million deaths a year. Obesity is associated with numerous medical and psychological comorbidities. There are various types of treatments for obesity, such as diets, exercise and pharmacological agents; however, bariatric surgery is one of the most effective and proven treatments for morbidly obese patients. Although the bariatric surgery success rates are high, up to 30% percent of individuals do not achieve …

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The Role And Implications Of Executive Functions During The Transition To Middle School, Susan Niznik Jan 2021

The Role And Implications Of Executive Functions During The Transition To Middle School, Susan Niznik

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

The current study analyzed the relationship between executive functions and academic performance in middle school. In particular, this study analyzed the relationship between BRIEF Index and Scale scores that were compiled on a group (N = 54) of seventh graders by two seventh-grade ELA teachers and the students’ final grades in ELA, Math, Science, and Social Studies. The results showed statistically significant correlations between most of the BRIEF Indexes and Scales and the final grades, with the Metacognitive Scales showing the highest correlations. In contrast, the results showed much higher incongruence index values than expected, given the high correlations that …

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Introduction To The Special Section On Designing For Learning In A Pandemic, John Baaki Jan 2021

Introduction To The Special Section On Designing For Learning In A Pandemic, John Baaki

STEMPS Faculty Publications

Amid the pandemic, a project team continued educating electrical line workers across four U.S. locations. The Center for Engineering Education and Outreach redesigned an in-person internship program by finding ways to simulate tinkering, design reviews, and troubleshooting activities. A collaborative four-day international seminar networking 10 European universities from eight different countries went virtual. An all-expenses-paid six-day residential summer experience at NASA’s Johnson Space Center was replaced by an online experience. Designers embraced—cancellation is not an option—and found a way to engage fifth grade students to apply science and mathematics concepts related to building a Mars colony. The show did go …

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Behavioral Public Finance And Budgeting: New Approaches To Old Questions?, Salvador Espnosa, Kenneth A. Kriz, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf Jan 2021

Behavioral Public Finance And Budgeting: New Approaches To Old Questions?, Salvador Espnosa, Kenneth A. Kriz, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf

School of Public Service Faculty Publications

(First paragraph) The growing interest in the use of behavioral insights in the study of public administration and policy is contributing to the emergence of behavioral public administration (James et al., 2017). This subfield focuses on the “analysis of public administration from the micro-level perspective of individual behavior” (Grimmelikhuijsen et al., 2017, p. 45). For some scholars, this approach offers interesting opportunities to further the study of perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors of citizens, public sector staff, or public managers (Tummers, et al., 2016). The combination of behavioral theory and experimental approaches can improve the standing of the field of public …

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Data On Breastfeeding And State Policies In The United States, Chun Chen, Hong Xue, Qi Zhang Jan 2021

Data On Breastfeeding And State Policies In The United States, Chun Chen, Hong Xue, Qi Zhang

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Breastfeeding is critically important to maternal and child health in the United States. Examining the relationship between breastfeeding outcomes and state policies requires multidisciplinary efforts to link data from various sources. This article describes an integrated dataset that was used to understand the relationship between participation in a nutrition assistance program and low-income children's breastfeeding outcomes [1]. This dataset merged public health information from the National Immunization Surveys Data from 2006 to 2016 and matching state policy data from the Correlates of State Policy Project (CSPP), the U.S. Department of Agriculture/Economic Research Services (USDA/ERS) Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Policy …

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Influence Of The Inherent Safety Principles On Quantitative Risk In Process Industry: Application Of Genetic Algorithm Process Optimization (Gapo), Mehdi Jahangiri, Abolfazl Moghadasi, Mojtaba Kamalinia, Farid Sadeghianjahromi, Sean Banaee Jan 2021

Influence Of The Inherent Safety Principles On Quantitative Risk In Process Industry: Application Of Genetic Algorithm Process Optimization (Gapo), Mehdi Jahangiri, Abolfazl Moghadasi, Mojtaba Kamalinia, Farid Sadeghianjahromi, Sean Banaee

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Inherent safety (IS) refers to a set of measures that enhance the safety level of processes and equipment, rendering additional equipment and/or add-ons. The early design phase of processes is suited best for implementation of IS strategies as some of such strategies either are impossible to be implemented at the operation phase or substantially increase costs. The purpose of this study is to present a new approach called genetic algorithm process optimization (GAPO), by which processes can be made inherently safer even at the operation phase. This study simulates the IS principle, assessing its impact on quantitative risk and the …

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Exploring And Visualizing Spatial Effects And Patterns In Ride-Sourcing Trip Demand And Characteristics, Bishoy Kelleny, Sherif Ishak Jan 2021

Exploring And Visualizing Spatial Effects And Patterns In Ride-Sourcing Trip Demand And Characteristics, Bishoy Kelleny, Sherif Ishak

Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

The complex demand pattern of ride-sourcing remains to be a challenge to transportation modeling practitioners due to the infancy and the inherently dynamic nature of the ride-sourcing system. Spatial effects exploration and analysis protocols can provide informative insights on the underlying structure of demand and trip characteristics. Those protocols can be thought of as an opportunistic strategy to alleviate the complexity and help specifying the appropriate econometric models for the system. Spatial effects exploration is comparable to point pattern analysis, in which, signals from spatial entities, like census tracts, can be analyzed statistically to reveal whether a specific phenomenon respective …

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Information Activism: A Queer History Of Lesbian Media Technologies, Dawn Betts-Green Jan 2021

Information Activism: A Queer History Of Lesbian Media Technologies, Dawn Betts-Green

STEMPS Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Hacking The Pandemic: Launching Third Space Into Cyberspace, Brittany Bowser Jan 2021

Hacking The Pandemic: Launching Third Space Into Cyberspace, Brittany Bowser

STEMPS Faculty Publications

The article discusses importance of the school library as a third space for learning. Topics discussed include need for school library's third space to expand into cyberspace; focus to promote awareness of school librarianship; and need for school librarians to prioritize marketing themselves and their instruction.

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Modeling And Simulation Of Cascading Failures In Transportation Systems During Hurricane Evacuations, Yuan Zhu, Kaan Ozbay, Hong Yang, Fan Zuo, Di Sha Jan 2021

Modeling And Simulation Of Cascading Failures In Transportation Systems During Hurricane Evacuations, Yuan Zhu, Kaan Ozbay, Hong Yang, Fan Zuo, Di Sha

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

Effective and timely evacuation is critical in alleviating the impact of hurricanes. As such, evacuation models are often sought to support the preparedness of evacuations. One important task in the modeling process is to evaluate exogenous factors that cause transportation system capacity loss during evacuation. Typical factors include direct damage to the roadway network due to storm surge and cascading impacts because of other facilities failures. For example, power outage can lead to signal failure and subway suspension. This paper aims to develop a macroscopic simulation-based approach to study the capacity loss of the roadway network in evacuation due to …

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The Circle Of Unity: The Power Of Symbols In A Team Sport Context, Brendan O'Hallarn, Craig A. Morehead, Mark A. Slavich, Alicia M. Cintron Jan 2021

The Circle Of Unity: The Power Of Symbols In A Team Sport Context, Brendan O'Hallarn, Craig A. Morehead, Mark A. Slavich, Alicia M. Cintron

University Administration Publications

Modern-day political discord has led to a recent spate of athletes using their platform to make statements about America. One under-researched aspect to modern sport activism is the study of the symbols themselves, such as the controversial kneeling during the national anthem by National Football League players, statement-making pregame apparel worn by National Basketball Association stars, and other political statements. This case study examines a 2016 activist display by Old Dominion University's football team, known as the Circle of Unity. The display, performed before most games that season, began as a form of protest by team captains, and morphed into …

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Professional Standards For School-Based Behavior Analysts, Selena J. Layden, Daniel Irwin, Karen L. Berlin, Erin P. Jordan, Kaylan Long, Daria K. Lorio-Barsten, Christine Mckee, Jennifer L. O'Berry, Jessica Olesevich, Katie Phelps, Hannah Riddle, Allyson Wharam Jan 2021

Professional Standards For School-Based Behavior Analysts, Selena J. Layden, Daniel Irwin, Karen L. Berlin, Erin P. Jordan, Kaylan Long, Daria K. Lorio-Barsten, Christine Mckee, Jennifer L. O'Berry, Jessica Olesevich, Katie Phelps, Hannah Riddle, Allyson Wharam

Communication Disorders & Special Education Faculty Publications

The Professional Standards for School-Based Behavior Analysts are intended to serve as an enhanced foundational layer for behavior analysts working specifically in the context of public school settings. These Professional Standards were developed by a team of behavior analysts with experience working in public schools and feedback was obtained from additional behavior analysts and other education professionals. There are five identified Professional Standard areas including: 1) Ethical & Professional Practice; 2) Collaboration; 3) Systems Capacity Building; 4) Instruction; and 5) Leadership & Policy.

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Guide To Chicago's Twenty-First-Century Architecture, Robert Tench Jan 2021

Guide To Chicago's Twenty-First-Century Architecture, Robert Tench

Libraries Faculty & Staff Publications

A review of the book "Guide to Chicago's Twenty-First-Century Architecture," by Chicago Architecture Center and John Hill, is presented.

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Race Relations In America: Examining The Facts [Book Review], Rob Tench Jan 2021

Race Relations In America: Examining The Facts [Book Review], Rob Tench

Libraries Faculty & Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

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Sage Business Cases, Rob Tench Jan 2021

Sage Business Cases, Rob Tench

Libraries Faculty & Staff Publications

The article reviews the web site SAGE Business Cases, located at sk.sagepub.com/cases.

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Non-Binary Identities: How Non-Binary People Move Through A Gendered World, Carly E. Kupper Jan 2021

Non-Binary Identities: How Non-Binary People Move Through A Gendered World, Carly E. Kupper

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The following study examines the experiences of non-binary people living in a society that emphasizes a gender binary, along with how being non-binary affects participants' views of the world and themselves. The study also looked to establish a working definition of "non-binary." I interviewed 17 participants who self-identified as non-binary regarding their lived experiences as non-binary people. Narratives were used to establish codes and themes. Adopting a narrative approach to the data, the study puts forth working definitions of non-binary and related terms, such as gender non-conforming, androgyny, and genderfluid. The study found that most participants saw themselves as breaking …

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