Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2016

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 2461 - 2490 of 21480

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Validating A Measure Of Beliefs In Health Prevention Screenings Among Old Adults In China, H. Xu, Paulin Tay Straughan, W. Pan, Z. Zhen, B. Wu Nov 2016

Validating A Measure Of Beliefs In Health Prevention Screenings Among Old Adults In China, H. Xu, Paulin Tay Straughan, W. Pan, Z. Zhen, B. Wu

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

We aimed to examine the psychometric properties of a modified 16-item Attitudinal Index (AI), a measure of health beliefs in health prevention screenings among Chinese older adults. We used the 2013 Shanghai Longitudinal Survey of Elderly Life and Opinion data including 3418 respondents aged 60 and above. We examined the validity and reliability of the modified AI. Psychometric evaluation of the modified AI revealed good response patterns. The overall scale had good reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.835) with four distinct dimensions: barriers, fatalism, unnecessary, and detects (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.815 to 0.908). Confirmatory factor analysis of the modified AI’s factor …

Go to article

Global Mindset: Examining The Critical Components For Successful Global Leadership Decision-Making, Agnes Flett Nov 2016

Global Mindset: Examining The Critical Components For Successful Global Leadership Decision-Making, Agnes Flett

Theses and Dissertations

While global leadership is not very well defined, it is well accepted that working in a global environment is complex and fraught with difficulty. The complexity of the global environment presents unique challenges for global leaders in that, not only must they manage a paradox between different stakeholder groups with competing agendas while maintaining relationships, they must also filter through vast amounts of information from multiple stakeholder groups in order to make effective decisions. This complexity reflects the notion of global mindset. Global mindset is defined as the ability to think and act both locally and globally at the same …

Go to article

Psychological Well-Being And Heart Disease: The Utility Of Mental Health And Management Plans, Jennifer Anne Heath Nov 2016

Psychological Well-Being And Heart Disease: The Utility Of Mental Health And Management Plans, Jennifer Anne Heath

Theses and Dissertations

This paper explores the correlation between mental health and coronary heart disease (CHD) and the usefulness of including mental health treatment into disease management plans. Consistent with previous research and literature regarding the correlation between CHD and depression, results suggest individuals experiencing CHD experience more symptoms of depression, including feelings of hopelessness and worthlessness. Additionally, individuals with CHD also tend to experience more difficulty with relationships and completing household chores. Individuals who have management plans created by their healthcare providers experience less depressive symptoms than those without management plans. This suggests management plans are crucial in the treatment of mental …

Go to article

How To Quantify The Temporal Storage Effect Using Simulations Instead Of Math, Stephen P. Ellner, Robin E. Snyder, Peter B. Adler Nov 2016

How To Quantify The Temporal Storage Effect Using Simulations Instead Of Math, Stephen P. Ellner, Robin E. Snyder, Peter B. Adler

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

The storage effect, originally a theoretical hypothesis to explain how ecologically similar species could coexist by responding differently to environmental variability (Chesson & Warner, 1981; Shmida & Ellner, 1984), has developed into a core concept in community ecology (Mittelbach 2012)with empirical support from communities of prairie grasses (Adler et al., 2006), desert annual plants (Pake & Venable, 1995; Angert et al., 2009), tropical trees (Usinowicz et al., 2012) and zooplankton(Caceres, 1997). An essential step in this maturation was mathematical analysis (Chesson, 1994, 2000a) that identified the conditions required for the storage effect to help stabilize coexistence of competitors. For the …

Go to article

A Comprehensive Study Of Leadership Styles And Various Factors Contributing To The Success Of Athletic Teams, Christopher P. Intoppa Nov 2016

A Comprehensive Study Of Leadership Styles And Various Factors Contributing To The Success Of Athletic Teams, Christopher P. Intoppa

Selected Honors Theses

This paper involved a study of leadership styles in the realm of athletics. Using literature that had been written on the subject and examinations of particularly successful coaches over time, an accurate determination of leadership styles, qualities, and characteristics that contribute to success was able to be achieved. It was concluded that transformational leadership styles are explicitly profitable when dealing with athletes at any level of athletic competition. However, it was also discovered through research that these qualities are even more valuable if paired with an authoritative style of delivering instruction, mutual respect between coaches and players, and discipline by …

Go to article

Faculty Require Online Distribution Of Student Work: Enter The Librarian, Micah Zeller, Emily Stenberg Nov 2016

Faculty Require Online Distribution Of Student Work: Enter The Librarian, Micah Zeller, Emily Stenberg

WashU Libraries Publications

The chapter appears in the second volume of the series Creating the 21st-Century Academic Library, and addresses the legalities and practicalities of open access in academic libraries, including support for courses that require public distribution of student work. It begins by examining literature on scholarly communications, undergraduate students, and the role of libraries, and then shares the authors’ specific experience with a cross-section of courses: an engineering capstone where students are required to “publish” their final papers to the institutional repository, an archaeology course where students create and upload videos to YouTube, and an American Culture Studies seminar where students …

Go to article

Interpersonal Dynamics In Assessment Center Exercises: Effects Of Role Player Portrayed Disposition, Tom Oliver, Peter Hausdorf, Filip Lievens, Peter Conlon Nov 2016

Interpersonal Dynamics In Assessment Center Exercises: Effects Of Role Player Portrayed Disposition, Tom Oliver, Peter Hausdorf, Filip Lievens, Peter Conlon

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Although interpersonal interactions are the mainstay of many assessment center exercises, little is known about how these interactions unfold and affect participant behavior and performance. More specifically, participants interact with role players who have been instructed to demonstrate behavior reflecting specific dispositions as part of the exercise. This study focuses on role player portrayed disposition as a potentially important social demand relevant to participant behavior and performance in interpersonal simulations. We integrate interpersonal theory and trait activation theory to formulate hypotheses about the effects of role player portrayed disposition on participant behavior and performance in 184 interpersonal simulations. A significant …

Go to article

Can Asians Be Creative?, Chua, Roy Y. J., Jerry Zremski Nov 2016

Can Asians Be Creative?, Chua, Roy Y. J., Jerry Zremski

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

A crotchety American named Henry Ford invented a modern, fast and efficient way to manufacture automobiles and a Japanese man named Eiji Toyoda refined and perfected it. A series of innovators across the western world developed the television - and the tech specialists at Sony, Toshiba and a host of other Asian companies found ways to make TVs better, cheaper, faster. And an idiosyncratic Californian named Steve Jobs invented a company that made a smart phone for the masses - and then outsourced the manufacturing to China. If you detect a pattern here, you are not alone. Asia may be …

Go to article

Bargaining Zone Distortion In Negotiations: The Elusive Power Of Multiple Alternatives, Michael Schaerer, David D. Loschelder, Roderick I. Swaab Nov 2016

Bargaining Zone Distortion In Negotiations: The Elusive Power Of Multiple Alternatives, Michael Schaerer, David D. Loschelder, Roderick I. Swaab

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We challenge the assumption that having multiple alternatives is always better than a single alternative by showing that negotiators who have additional alternatives ironically exhibit downward-biased perceptions of their own and their opponent’s reservation price, make lower demands, and achieve worse outcomes in distributive negotiations. Five studies demonstrate that the apparent benefits of multiple alternatives are elusive because multiple alternatives led to less ambitious first offers (Studies 1–2) and less profitable agreements (Study 3). This distributive disadvantage emerged because negotiators’ perception of the bargaining zone was more distorted when they had additional (less attractive) alternatives than when they only had …

Go to article

Days To Cover And Stock Returns, Harrison G. Hong, Frank Weikai Li, Sophie X. Ni, Jose A. Scheinkman, Philip Yan Nov 2016

Days To Cover And Stock Returns, Harrison G. Hong, Frank Weikai Li, Sophie X. Ni, Jose A. Scheinkman, Philip Yan

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

A crowded trade emerges when speculators' positions are large relative to the asset's liquidity, making exit difficult. We study this problem of recent regulatory concern by focusing on short-selling. We show that days to cover (DTC), the ratio of short interest to trading volume, measures the costliness of exiting crowded trades. Crowding is an important concern as short-sellers avoid illiquid stocks, which we establish using an instrumental-variables strategy involving staggered stock market decimalization reforms. Arbitrageurs require a premium to enter into such trades as a strategy shorting high DTC stocks and buying low DTC stocks generates a 1.2% monthly return. …

Go to article

The Impact Of Traumatic Life Events: Reactions And Resilience – Part Ii, Harvey J. Burnett Jr Nov 2016

The Impact Of Traumatic Life Events: Reactions And Resilience – Part Ii, Harvey J. Burnett Jr

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Homogeneity Pursuit In Panel Data Models: Theory And Applications, Wuyi Wang, Peter C. B. Phillips, Liangjun Su Nov 2016

Homogeneity Pursuit In Panel Data Models: Theory And Applications, Wuyi Wang, Peter C. B. Phillips, Liangjun Su

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper studies estimation of a panel data model with latent structures where individuals can be classified into different groups where slope parameters are homogeneous within the same group but heterogeneous across groups. To identify the unknown group structure of vector parameters, we design an algorithm called Panel-CARDS which is a systematic extension of the CARDS procedure proposed by Ke, Fan, and Wu (2015) in a cross section framework. The extension addresses the problem of comparing vector coefficients in a panel model for homogeneity and introduces a new concept of controlled classification of multidimensional quantities called the segmentation net. We …

Go to article

Digital Asset Management At Michigan Tech, Annelise Doll, Lindsay Hiltunen Nov 2016

Digital Asset Management At Michigan Tech, Annelise Doll, Lindsay Hiltunen

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Faced with the obsolescence of its digital archive platform, the Van Pelt and Opie Library searched for a solution with improved storage and access. The selected platform opens doors to exciting opportunities for digitization and staff have started on a path toward incorporating digital preservation into the library’s activities.

Go to article

Asymptotically Refined Score And Gof Tests For Inverse Gaussian Models, Anthony F. Desmond, Zhenlin Yang Nov 2016

Asymptotically Refined Score And Gof Tests For Inverse Gaussian Models, Anthony F. Desmond, Zhenlin Yang

Research Collection School Of Economics

The score test and the GOF test for the inverse Gaussian distribution, in particular the latter, are known to have large size distortion and hence unreliable power when referring to the asymptotic critical values. We show in this paper that with the appropriately bootstrapped critical values, these tests become second-order accurate, with size distortion being essentially eliminated and power more reliable. Two major generalizations of the score test are made: one is to allow the data to be right-censored, and the other is to allow the existence of covariate effects. A data mapping method is introduced for the bootstrap to …

Go to article

Shrinkage Estimation Of Covariance Matrix For Portfolio Choice With High Frequency Data, Cheng Liu, Ningning Xia, Jun Yu Nov 2016

Shrinkage Estimation Of Covariance Matrix For Portfolio Choice With High Frequency Data, Cheng Liu, Ningning Xia, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper examines the usefulness of high frequency data in estimating the covariancematrix for portfolio choice when the portfolio size is large. A computationally convenientnonlinear shrinkage estimator for the integrated covariance (ICV) matrix of financial as-sets is developed in two steps. The eigenvectors of the ICV are first constructed from adesigned time variation adjusted realized covariance matrix of noise-free log-returns of rel-atively low frequency data. Then the regularized eigenvalues of the ICV are estimated byquasi-maximum likelihood based on high frequency data. The estimator is always positivedefinite and its inverse is the estimator of the inverse of ICV. It minimizes the …

Go to article

Identifying Latent Structures In Panel Data, Liangjun Su, Zhentao Shi, Peter C. B. Phillips Nov 2016

Identifying Latent Structures In Panel Data, Liangjun Su, Zhentao Shi, Peter C. B. Phillips

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper provides a novel mechanism for identifying and estimating latent group structures in panel data using penalized techniques. We consider both linear and nonlinear models where the regression coefficients are heterogeneous across groups but homogeneous within a group and the group membership is unknown. Two approaches are consideredpenalized profile likelihood (PPL) estimation for the general nonlinear models without endogenous regressors, and penalized GMM (PGMM) estimation for linear models with endogeneity. In both cases, we develop a new variant of Lasso called classifier-Lasso (C-Lasso) that serves to shrink individual coefficients to the unknown group-specific coefficients. C-Lasso achieves simultaneous classification and …

Go to article

A Survey Of Viva Callesj Participants: San Jose, California 2016, Asha Weinstein Agrawal, Hilary Nixon Nov 2016

A Survey Of Viva Callesj Participants: San Jose, California 2016, Asha Weinstein Agrawal, Hilary Nixon

Mineta Transportation Institute

This report presents the findings from a self-complete paper survey of participants at the Viva CalleSJ open streets event held on September 18, 2016. The survey was designed to provide information that would help the City of San Jose assess the success of the event, guide the planning for future Viva CalleSJ events, and inform potential funders and community partners about the benefits of Viva CalleSJ. A total of 318 people completed the one-page paper survey while at the event. Survey findings provide detail about how people learned about the event, how they traveled to the event, what they did …

Go to article

Grab Taxi: Navigating New Frontiers, Mei Lin, Christopher Dula Nov 2016

Grab Taxi: Navigating New Frontiers, Mei Lin, Christopher Dula

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In mid-2016, Anthony Tan, the CEO of Grab, an on-demand transportation-app company serving Southeast Asia, was locked in a high stakes struggle to win the hearts and minds of drivers, passengers and regulators alike. Valued at an estimated US$1.5 billion, Grab (known among consumers as ‘GrabTaxi’) had become one of Asia’s most successful start-ups.

Go to article

Semiparametric Single Index Panel Data Models With Interactive Fixed Effects: Theory And Practice, Guohua Feng, Bin Peng, Liangjun Su, Thomas Tao Yang Nov 2016

Semiparametric Single Index Panel Data Models With Interactive Fixed Effects: Theory And Practice, Guohua Feng, Bin Peng, Liangjun Su, Thomas Tao Yang

Research Collection School Of Economics

In this paper, we propose a single-index panel data model with unobserved multiple interactive fixed effects. This model has the advantages of being flexible and of being able to allow for common shocks and their heterogeneous impacts on cross sections, thus making it suitable for the investigation of many economic issues. We derive asymptotic theories for both the case where the link function is integrable and the case where the link function is non-integrable. Our Monte Carlo simulations show that our methodology works well for large N and T cases. In our empirical application, we illustrate our model by analyzing …

Go to article

Invitation Strategy For Cutting Edge Industries Through Mncs And Global Talents: The Case Of Singapore, Kim Song Tan Nov 2016

Invitation Strategy For Cutting Edge Industries Through Mncs And Global Talents: The Case Of Singapore, Kim Song Tan

Research Collection School Of Economics

Singapore presents an interesting case of how a country achieves dynamic economic development and innovation through the "invitation" strategy of a business hub. Despite being a small city-state with limited domestic market size and no meaningful hinterland or natural resources to speak of, Singapore has managed to transform its economy dramatically over the past 50 years by leveraging the strengths of other economies. Specifically, it has been able to attract (or "invite") various types of productive resources, including foreign capital, foreign technology and foreign workers (both skilled and unskilled) to make up for what it lacks. This has helped Singapore …

Go to article

Bias Correction And Refined Inferences For Fixed Effects Spatial Panel Data Models, Zhenlin Yang, Jihai Yu, Shew Fan Liu Nov 2016

Bias Correction And Refined Inferences For Fixed Effects Spatial Panel Data Models, Zhenlin Yang, Jihai Yu, Shew Fan Liu

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper first presents simple methods for conducting up to third-order bias and variance corrections for the quasi maximum likelihood (QML) estimators of the spatial parameter(s) in the fixed effects spatial panel data (FE-SPD) models. Then, it shows how the bias and variance corrections lead to refined t-ratios for spatial effects and for covariate effects. The implementation of these corrections depends on the proposed bootstrap methods of which validity is established. Monte Carlo results reveal that (i) the QML estimators of the spatial parameters can be quite biased, (ii) a second-order bias correction effectively removes the bias, and (iii) the …

Go to article

Four Factors That Help Women Leave Abusive Relationships, Jason B. Whiting Nov 2016

Four Factors That Help Women Leave Abusive Relationships, Jason B. Whiting

Faculty Publications

Being mistreated by the person you love, especially when physical abuse is involved, is one of the most frightening and traumatic experiences a woman can face, and it is hard to know what to do when it happens. A woman who is a victim of violence faces a particularly complicated dilemma. Should she stay or go? Although this may seem to be an easy choice, as discussed in my last post, there are many issues that can make it difficult for a victim of domestic violence to leave. For instance, victimized women often love and feel committed to their partner, …

Go to article

Our Future Selves Oct 2016

Our Future Selves

SIGNED: The Magazine of The Hong Kong Design Institute

In 2009, Dr. Yanki Lee initiated a series of projects to challenge the concept of ageing as a problem to be solved, choosing instead to cast the ageing process as unique experience for each individual and a culture from which design lessons can be drawn. Her research is leading to a series of innovative design projects that will benefit all segments of the community.

Go to article

A World That Works For Every One Oct 2016

A World That Works For Every One

SIGNED: The Magazine of The Hong Kong Design Institute

In 1979, twenty-six year old Patricia Moore disguised herself as a woman in her 80s and travelled to 116 cities throughout North America, to discover if urban design met the needs of the elderly. Dressed in her grandmother's clothes, she developed a unique form of immersion research that revitalised the role of architecture and design in our daily lives. Now she is working with the HKDI to develop solutions that work for all age groups. Here she lays out here passionate vision for the future of design.

Go to article

Captured In Time Oct 2016

Captured In Time

SIGNED: The Magazine of The Hong Kong Design Institute

Photographer and academic Tse Ming Chong's visual archive of Hong Kong's rapid development

Go to article

1909 And 1910, State Board Of Equalization Report Oct 2016

1909 And 1910, State Board Of Equalization Report

California Board of Equalization Reports

Written report concerning activities of Board of Equalization and statistical tables specific to California agricultural, livestock and viticulture for each county. (To view complete report containing all statistical tables, see URL: https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100187327 or https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/007150404.)

Go to article

The Case Of Affirmative Action In Undergraduate Admissions: United States And Brazil, Taylor Toves, Adolphus Belk Ph.D. Oct 2016

The Case Of Affirmative Action In Undergraduate Admissions: United States And Brazil, Taylor Toves, Adolphus Belk Ph.D.

The Winthrop McNair Research Bulletin

In the realm of higher education, Affirmative Action has been a matter of dispute amongst college administrations, state legislatures, and even the Supreme Court of the United States. Affirmative Action was created in order to help ensure that underrepresented groups have a fair chance at obtaining a college education. This has not only affected colleges and universities in the United States but also Brazil. This research did a cross-country comparative analysis of two nation states that posses a similar history when it comes to race relations and how that has affected the condition of equity in higher education. Though both …

Go to article

Lgbtq Emerging Adults: Their Experiences With Homelessness, Jesse L. Grainger, Brent E. Cagle Oct 2016

Lgbtq Emerging Adults: Their Experiences With Homelessness, Jesse L. Grainger, Brent E. Cagle

The Winthrop McNair Research Bulletin

Using a qualitative method, this study explored the experiences of emerging adults (ages 18-24) who are LGBTQ and homeless in the Charlotte/Mecklenburg area of North Carolina. Emerging adults who are homeless and identify as LGBTQ are shown to have different health and safety concerns compared to peers. Because of these unique factors, researchers suggest these individuals require specific social services that cater to their needs. Nine face-to-face interviews were conducted which resulted in a total of 9 hours of collected data. In order to ensure that research results are as accurate as possible, grounded theorists suggest that one have at …

Go to article

How Do Family Background And Self-Esteem Affect An Individual’S Perception Of Gender-Role Portrayal In Online Advertisements?, Cera T. Crowe, Aimee P. Meader Dr. Oct 2016

How Do Family Background And Self-Esteem Affect An Individual’S Perception Of Gender-Role Portrayal In Online Advertisements?, Cera T. Crowe, Aimee P. Meader Dr.

The Winthrop McNair Research Bulletin

The purpose of this study is to further understand the relationship of family background and how it affects self-esteem and the perception of gender roles in online imagery. This study focuses on how our history serves as a lens to see gender roles. The schema theory, created by Robert Axelrod, is a model suggesting that people have a “pre-existing assumption about the way the world is organized” (Axelford, 1974). Furthering this theory is Bem's (1981) Gender Schema Theory, which proposes that one's sexual self-concept affects how one structures items in memory. These theories, applied to the understood roles and activities …

Go to article

Brave New Media Oct 2016

Brave New Media

SIGNED: The Magazine of The Hong Kong Design Institute

As technologies continue to evolve at bewildering speed, the varieties of content creation platforms under the umbrella term "new media" are ever changing. Summer Cao examines what the explosive pace of technological innovation in the media means for the creative community.

Go to article

First Prev Next Last