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2016

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Articles 17641 - 17670 of 21480

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Efficient Execution Of Top-K Closeness Centrality Queries, Paul W. Olsen Jan 2016

Efficient Execution Of Top-K Closeness Centrality Queries, Paul W. Olsen

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Many of today's applications can benefit from the discovery of the most central entities in real-world networks.

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Emotional Factors Affecting Face-Name Memory : The Role Of Valence And Arousal During Encoding, Stephanie Ann Kazanas Jan 2016

Emotional Factors Affecting Face-Name Memory : The Role Of Valence And Arousal During Encoding, Stephanie Ann Kazanas

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The emotion literature has maintained that emotional stimuli are prioritized over neutral stimuli: Emotional words and images are detected faster, processed more automatically, and remembered better. However, the benefit from processing emotional stimuli can also be affected by valence, wherein some emotion advantages are driven by positive emotion and others by negative emotion. This is particularly evident in the face memory literature, in which researchers have investigated the role of expressed emotion in learning new faces. For example, some have found that happy faces are more memorable than angry and neutral faces. However, when comparing memory for happy faces with …

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Bayesian Model Testing Of Models For Ellipsoidal Variation On Stars Due To Hot Jupiters, Anthony Gai Jan 2016

Bayesian Model Testing Of Models For Ellipsoidal Variation On Stars Due To Hot Jupiters, Anthony Gai

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

A massive planet closely orbiting its host star creates tidal forces that distort the typically spherical stellar surface. These distortions, known as ellipsoidal variations, result in variations in the photometric flux emitted by the star, which can be detected by the Kepler Space Telescope. Currently, there exist several models describing such variations and their effect on the photometric fux [1] [2] [3] [4]. By using Bayesian model testing in conjunction with the Bayesian-based exoplanet characterization software package EXONEST [4] [5] [6], the most probable representation for ellipsoidal variations was determined for synthetic data and two systems with confirmed hot Jupiter …

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Longitudinal Examination Of Family Violence, Posttraumatic Stress, Social Skills, And Aggression : An Exploratory Analysis, Shawn Wilson Jan 2016

Longitudinal Examination Of Family Violence, Posttraumatic Stress, Social Skills, And Aggression : An Exploratory Analysis, Shawn Wilson

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Aggression in adolescence is associated with many negative outcomes both during adolescence and later in adulthood. In order to properly prevent and treat aggression, it is important to understand what factors are associated with the development of aggression. This study examined how exposure to family violence, posttraumatic stress, and social skills were related to both parent- and adolescent-rated aggressive behavior. This study was comprised of two components. First, a series of mediation models were examined using structural equation modeling. Second, exploratory analyses of the moderating effects of adolescent race and gender were conducted using multiple regression. The sample consisted of …

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Capacity In Grassroots Nonprofit Organizations : Perspectives From Emergency Food Providers, Bethany Slater Jan 2016

Capacity In Grassroots Nonprofit Organizations : Perspectives From Emergency Food Providers, Bethany Slater

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Scholars generally agree that organizational capacity influences a nonprofit’s sustainability and overall effectiveness. Identified challenges include defining capacity, operationalizing it and understanding how capacity affects effectiveness. This research project seeks to explore these challenges and examine the construct of capacity from the perspectives of 195 emergency food program practitioners across eleven counties in upstate New York. The qualitative study aims to understand “what” capacity is; the quantitative study aims to understand “how” capacity is operationalized and the mixed method study examines the “why this matters”, through asking how capacity influences effectiveness.

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Regulation Through Accreditation In Argentine Graduate Education : Regulatory Actions And Organizational Responses, Dante Javier Salto Jan 2016

Regulation Through Accreditation In Argentine Graduate Education : Regulatory Actions And Organizational Responses, Dante Javier Salto

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Most countries, developing as well as developed, have adopted some type of quality assurance mechanism. Argentina is neither an island nor an outlier in higher education reforms in general, and it not when it comes to graduate program accreditation in particular. This study explores the way higher education institutions, as examples of autonomous organizations, respond to a new set of regulatory policies. My specific core interest is to discover what types of responses graduate programs give to compulsory accreditation. The study incorporates analysis from the regulatory and the higher education literature, theories and findings.

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Examining Law Enforcement Analysis And Intelligence Capabilities : A Case Study Of Urban Policing, Shelagh Dorn Jan 2016

Examining Law Enforcement Analysis And Intelligence Capabilities : A Case Study Of Urban Policing, Shelagh Dorn

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Extant research, concerning police use of intelligence analysis, hypothesizes that police culture and information-sharing partnerships may affect outputs of intelligence analysis. Previous efforts have provided overviews of criminal intelligence analysis, without examining organizational and structural factors which might affect the genesis and use of intelligence and crime analysis. Examining the role and impact of both analysis and information sharing in law enforcement has been largely absent, and based on current research, it is difficult to determine what accounts for law enforcement variation in the knowledge, use, and demand for crime and intelligence analysis. Ashton Police Department’s (APD) Information Coordination Unit …

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The Patient Experience At Hiv/Aids Outpatient Clinics In New York State, Terence Meehan Jan 2016

The Patient Experience At Hiv/Aids Outpatient Clinics In New York State, Terence Meehan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

People with chronic conditions such as HIV/AIDS become experts through their extensive experience with healthcare organizations and so have valuable patient-centered insight into the organization of healthcare delivery services. The AIDS model of care, largely funded by the federal Ryan White Care Act, is a long-standing, yet understudied innovation with many similarities to “new” models such as the PCMH. This dissertation is designed to uncover the voices of patients on the patient experience at three HIV/AIDS outpatient clinics in New York State and to offer lessons for policymakers and healthcare leaders. Data was collected through in depth, semi-structured interviews of …

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Persuasion In Online Communication : Automation And Counteraction, Samira Shaikh Shaikh Jan 2016

Persuasion In Online Communication : Automation And Counteraction, Samira Shaikh Shaikh

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In this thesis, we studied persuasion in online communication and how to automate

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Optical Metrology For Cigs Solar Cell Manufacturing And Its Cost Implications, Sravan Kumar Sunkoju Jan 2016

Optical Metrology For Cigs Solar Cell Manufacturing And Its Cost Implications, Sravan Kumar Sunkoju

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Solar energy is a promising source of renewable energy which can meet the demand for clean energy in near future with advances in research in the field of photovoltaics and cost reduction by commercialization. Availability of a non-contact, in-line, real time robust process control strategies can greatly aid in reducing the gap between cell and module efficiencies, thereby leading to cost-effective large-scale manufacturing of high efficiency CIGS solar cells. In order to achieve proper process monitoring and control for the deposition of the functional layers of CuIn1-xGaxSe2 (CIGS) based thin film solar cell, optical techniques such as spectroscopic reflectometry and …

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Parental Aspirations Among Young Gay Men, Daniel Farr Jan 2016

Parental Aspirations Among Young Gay Men, Daniel Farr

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Today’s young gay men are experiencing life choice options in manners greater than any prior generation of gay men, particularly when considering family building. These men are coming out at earlier ages and facing a socio-political world of increased legal rights and opportunities, among which is the opportunity to parent outside of a heterosexual past. Informed by interviews with 51 gay men, aged 18-35, this research explores the personal views of today’s young gay men about parenting. While past research has primarily focused upon the views of gay men who were already parenting, thus recalling past aspirations, this project focuses …

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Asymmetry Between Behavioral And Physiological Responses To Stress In Children And The Role Of Depressive Symptoms, Stephanie Emhoff Jan 2016

Asymmetry Between Behavioral And Physiological Responses To Stress In Children And The Role Of Depressive Symptoms, Stephanie Emhoff

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Research indicates that asymmetry between behavioral and physiological indicators of stress is associated with impairment in physical and psychological health, which may be particularly problematic for child development. The present study examines the impact of depressive symptoms on the relation between behavioral and physiological responses to stress in a sample of 49 youth (ages 9-12). During exposure to an in-lab psychosocial stressor, two laboratory personnel coded participant stress behaviors. These behaviors were later categorized into factors through an exploratory factor analysis. To assess for reactivity in physiological stress response systems, saliva samples were collected at baseline and following the stressor …

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The Developmental Corporative State : How Government Promotes Innovation Capability In China, Tianyue Ma Jan 2016

The Developmental Corporative State : How Government Promotes Innovation Capability In China, Tianyue Ma

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation examines the question how Chinese government breaks structural constraints of the communist past and gradually reforms institutions into an innovation oriented system. Based on the study of Zhongguancun science park and also three other development zones in China, I argue that state plays a significant role in commercializing research results and upgrading Chinese indigenous technologies. Different from the already identified development models, Chinese state takes another path—what I call the Developmental Corporative State, with the central government steering the general directions while giving local governments the autonomy to flexibly implementing central policies and taking initiatives in institutional reform. …

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Korean Wild Geese Families : Split Household Strategies And Gender Dynamics In Transnational Families, Se Hwa Lee Jan 2016

Korean Wild Geese Families : Split Household Strategies And Gender Dynamics In Transnational Families, Se Hwa Lee

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Korean wild geese families are one of the rapidly increasing but underexplored middle-class Asian migrant families whose members live apart overseas and occasionally fly back and forth across the ocean to meet one another. Of these families, mothers accompany their children abroad for their children’s education, while fathers remain in South Korea and send remittances to their families.

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Treaty Commitment And The Reconstruction Of Social Relations Among States, Youcheer Kim Jan 2016

Treaty Commitment And The Reconstruction Of Social Relations Among States, Youcheer Kim

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Does states’ treaty commitment promote the inter-state socialization? A gap exists in the existing constructivist International Relations literature as to which agents could promote the internalization of constitutive beliefs through which process. This project seeks to illuminate whether states’ treaty commitments have promoted the inter-state socialization in three dimensions: (1) the convergence of voting patterns in the UN General Assembly (2) the convergence of state practices in territorial disputes (3) the emergence of rules-oriented domestic governance. I draw on classical sociology, public law theory, the English School theory, and the Transnational Legal Process theory to develop the Social Theory of …

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Exposure To Interparental Aggression During Youth And Internalizing Psychopathology In Adulthood : The Moderating Role Of The Autonomic Nervous System, Alison J. Rivers Jan 2016

Exposure To Interparental Aggression During Youth And Internalizing Psychopathology In Adulthood : The Moderating Role Of The Autonomic Nervous System, Alison J. Rivers

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The present study examines the impact of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), an indicator of parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity, and skin conductance level (SCL), an indicator of sympathetic nervous systems (SNS) activity, on the relationship between interparental aggression exposure in childhood and adolescence and internalizing psychopathology (anxiety, depression symptoms, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms) in young adulthood. Participants completed self-report questionnaires regarding youth interparental aggression exposure and current young adult psychopathology. Participants included 188 adults (mean age = 19.45 years old; 72% Caucasian/white; 55% female). Results demonstrate that co-activation of the PNS and SNS in the context of high interparental …

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Subnational Predictors Of Racially Motivated Crime : A Cross-National Multilevel Analysis, Sylwia Janina Piatkowska Jan 2016

Subnational Predictors Of Racially Motivated Crime : A Cross-National Multilevel Analysis, Sylwia Janina Piatkowska

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The present study examines the effects of sub-national correlates on the changing rates of racially motivated crime across different regions and counties in seven European countries between 1996 and 2013. Using pooled cross-sectional time-series data on officially recorded racist crimes, I examine whether the regional and county levels of racially motivated crime in these countries’ subnational jurisdictions have been influenced over time by the size of the foreign-born population, increased immigration, and the economic conditions. In developing hypotheses about the effects of these factors, I draw primarily upon the theories of intergroup crime and prejudice.

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Intersectional Analysis Of Female Prisoner's Depictions In Orange Is The New Black, Arianne Sharie Watson Jan 2016

Intersectional Analysis Of Female Prisoner's Depictions In Orange Is The New Black, Arianne Sharie Watson

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The purpose of this research is to critically analyze Orange is the New Black (OITNB) by conducting an intersectional analysis of seasons 1 and 2. Imprisoned women are excluded from discussions about their oppression. Incarcerated women lack: 1) the four domains of power, which are hegemonic, interpersonal, disciplinary, and structural; and 2) control of their representations. Media’s representations about imprisoned women are accessible through movies, television news, television shows, and newspapers; which have consistently depicted women in prison inaccurately as “bad”, violent, and sexually insatiable. The women who write prison narratives books are not representative of the female prison system, …

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Accessing Alternative Response Services : A Multi-Level Examination Of Family And Community Characteristics On Racial Equity, Tana D. J. Connell Jan 2016

Accessing Alternative Response Services : A Multi-Level Examination Of Family And Community Characteristics On Racial Equity, Tana D. J. Connell

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Although research has identified factors associated with child welfare involvement, less attention has been given to how Black families are assigned to types of child welfare services. The advent of alternative response pathways allows child protective workers to assign child abuse prevention services to families based on the type and seriousness of the maltreatment, history of prior reports and age of the child. Given the history of disparate outcomes in child welfare for Black families and the fact that alternative response pathways are a promising approach for improving outcomes for families, this study examines the effect of family and community …

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Do Neighborhoods Matter In China? : Pathways And Heterogeneous Effects Of Residential Contexts On Children's Education And Health, Lei Lei Jan 2016

Do Neighborhoods Matter In China? : Pathways And Heterogeneous Effects Of Residential Contexts On Children's Education And Health, Lei Lei

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In recent years, Chinese society witnesses increasing spatial concentration of poverty and affluence and growing residential segregation by social class, migration status and housing tenure. This dissertation examines whether neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) matters for children’s education and health in urban and rural China. It tests five mechanisms through which neighborhood SES affects children’s outcomes and examines whether the effects of neighborhood SES vary by child’s gender, family income, and parental involvement. Data for this research come from the baseline interview of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), which was collected in 2010. Multilevel linear and logistic regression models are …

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Family Risk Factors And Federal Food Assistance Benefits : A Longitudinal Examination Of Predictors Of Childhood Obesity, Na Kyoung Song Jan 2016

Family Risk Factors And Federal Food Assistance Benefits : A Longitudinal Examination Of Predictors Of Childhood Obesity, Na Kyoung Song

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Abstract

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Examining The Role Of Corrective Feedback On Learners' Modified Output Of The Spanish Past Tense In Face-To-Face And Telecollaboration Contexts, Arnaldo Robles Jan 2016

Examining The Role Of Corrective Feedback On Learners' Modified Output Of The Spanish Past Tense In Face-To-Face And Telecollaboration Contexts, Arnaldo Robles

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In the field of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) there has been a demand for further research to look into how corrective feedback (CF) can aid adult second language (L2) learners’ language performance and development. More specifically, to what degree elicitations with prompts (i.e., a form of explicit correct feedback) can affect the modified output of adult learners of Spanish during task performance. Additionally, how face-to-face and telecollaboration environments might play a role in learner’s modified output. Therefore, this dissertation study examines the effects of elicitations with prompts by measuring learners’ modified output in producing the Spanish past tense – the …

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Essays On Patenting, R & D And Technological Innovation, Na Cheng Jan 2016

Essays On Patenting, R & D And Technological Innovation, Na Cheng

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The innovative activities by firms are considered to be the main driving force of the economic growth. The patent data has been widely used to investigate the relationship between R&D and patents which are taken as an output indicator of the new invention or innovation. On the other hand, empirical evidence supports that teamwork of inventors fosters innovation and technological progress. Motivated by the importance of understanding the patenting behavior of firms and collaboration of inventors, we exploit the continuing applications of patents, examine the R&D and patents relationship, and investigate the effects of teamwork on innovation output.

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Topic Modeling For E-Petition Analysis : Interpreting Petitioners' Policy Priorities, Loni Hagen Jan 2016

Topic Modeling For E-Petition Analysis : Interpreting Petitioners' Policy Priorities, Loni Hagen

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The Obama Administration launched an e-petitioning site called “We the People” (WtP) in 2011 to encourage the submission of citizens’ policy suggestions. Since 2011, thousands of petitions have been submitted to this site. Analysis of the contents of petition texts using topic modeling may enable policy makers and government leaders to identify latent topics of public interest that are not otherwise apparent.

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Identifying Spatial Process Of Vacant Housing In Buffalo Core Urban Area, Yutian Feng Jan 2016

Identifying Spatial Process Of Vacant Housing In Buffalo Core Urban Area, Yutian Feng

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

With the fact that vacant houses contribute to decline of living environment, understanding spatial distribution and agents of vacant house behind that spatial pattern is necessary for policy-makers to better work out proactive plans. An agreement that vacant buildings are not only symptomatic of other problems but even contributes to neighborhood decline. Thus, this paper will examine spatial characteristics of the compact and contiguous Buffalo urban district through three steps. First, we will test if there is spatial auto-correlation of vacant houses throughout the whole study area by global Moran’s I. Secondly, the Ordinary Least Square Regression Model without considering …

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Development And Initial Validation Of The Sources Of Self-Efficacy Information Scales For Working With Lesbian, Gay, And Bisexual Clients, Snehal Moroth Kumar Jan 2016

Development And Initial Validation Of The Sources Of Self-Efficacy Information Scales For Working With Lesbian, Gay, And Bisexual Clients, Snehal Moroth Kumar

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

A new self-report measure, the Sources of Self-Efficacy Information Scales for Working

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Spatial Analysis Of Newborn Hearing Screening In New York State, Nafin Harun Jan 2016

Spatial Analysis Of Newborn Hearing Screening In New York State, Nafin Harun

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Spatial Analysis of Newborn Hearing Screening in New York State

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Authoring Autonomy : The Politics Of Art For Art's Sake In Filipino Poetry In English, Conchitina Riboroso Cruz Jan 2016

Authoring Autonomy : The Politics Of Art For Art's Sake In Filipino Poetry In English, Conchitina Riboroso Cruz

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study examines the autonomy of art as a governing principle in the artistic practice of Filipino poets in English. The Western modernist ideal of art for art’s sake was transplanted to the Philippines via the educational system implemented during the American occupation in the early twentieth century. As appropriated in colonial Philippines, what is historically regarded as a form of artistic resistance to the capitalist and rapidly industrializing society of the West is traditionally read as a withdrawal of participation by colonial and postcolonial literary writers from the political realm. The writer who subscribes to art for art’s sake …

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Consequences Of Developmental Lead (Pb2+) Exposure On Reproductive Strategies In Drosophila, Elizabeth Kathleen Peterson Jan 2016

Consequences Of Developmental Lead (Pb2+) Exposure On Reproductive Strategies In Drosophila, Elizabeth Kathleen Peterson

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Anthropogenic lead (Pb) pollution is ubiquitous in the environment and a risk factor for both human and wildlife health. Pb exposure has the potential to alter reproductive strategies with respect to mate choice and reproductive output. This could be especially deleterious if these changes disrupt adaptive behavioral and reproductive life history strategies. Therefore, the overall aim of this body of work was to examine the consequences of developmental Pb exposure on reproductive strategies, using Drosophila melanogaster as a model system. In all experiments, D. melanogaster were reared from egg stage to adulthood in either control or leaded medium and were …

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The Key To Peace Is Ours : Women's Peacebuilding In Twenty-First Century Colombia, Katherine S. Paarlberg-Kvam Jan 2016

The Key To Peace Is Ours : Women's Peacebuilding In Twenty-First Century Colombia, Katherine S. Paarlberg-Kvam

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

ABSTRACT

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