Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Lets Talk About Commitment, David Chan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

In an invited commentary, SMU Behavioural Sciences Institute Director Professor David Chan discussed three types of commitment, namely instrumental, normative and emotional, and related them to citizenship and local-foreigner relations. On the commitment to one’s country, Prof Chan noted that citizens with high levels of normative or emotional commitment are more likely to support policies that benefit the nation, even if they mean some personal cost, while the reverse is true for citizens dominated by the “need to” instrumental commitment.

The Adaptive Value Associated With Expressing And Perceiving Angry-Male And Happy-Female Faces, Peter Kay Chai Tay

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Facial expressions are valuable for conveying and understanding the inner thoughts and feelings of the expressor. However, the adaptive value associated with a specific expression on a male face is different from a female face. The present review uses a functional-evolutionary analysis to elucidate the evolutionary advantage in the expression and perception of angry-male and happy-female faces over angry-female and happy-male faces. For the expressors, it is more advantageous for men to show angry facial expression as it signals dominance, averts aggression and deters mate poaching; it is more advantageous for women to display happy facial expression as it signals …

What A ____ Thing To Do! Formally Characterizing Actions By Their Expected Effects, Dustin Wood, William Tov, Cory Costello

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

A number of personality frameworks assume traits describe central tendencies of action-for instance, calling someone assertive indicates they have a tendency to perform assertive actions. But what makes it appropriate to characterize an action by terms like assertive, kind, or honest? We propose that actions are characterized by such terms in large part by having expected effects on the environment which match particular conceptual templates. In the present studies, we attempt to better identify the expected effect dimensions perceivers seem to utilize to make action characterizations related to the Big Five and HEXACO personality dimensions. To do so, a set …

What Does Living Alone Really Mean For Older Persons? A Comparative Study Of Myanmar, Vietnam, And Thailand, Bussarawan Puk Teerawichitchainan, John Knodel, Wiraporn Pothisiri

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Background: Rapid development and social change in Asia have led many to assume that the proportion of elderly people living alone is rising and that they tend to live in destitute situations. These assumptions often lack empirical validation. Objective: We address the trends and correlates of solitary living among older persons in Myanmar, Vietnam, and Thailand. We examine the extent to which this form of living arrangement equates with their financial stress, physical and social isolation, psychological distress, and met need for personal care. Methods: We analyze 2011-12 national surveys of older persons from the three countries. We employ descriptive …

Legal Risk And Investor Protection For Retail Investment Products: An Empirical Study Of Lawsuits Regarding Mutual Funds And Structured Notes In Taiwan, Christopher C. H. Chen

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This article analyses the results of 322 lawsuits regarding retail mutual funds and structured notes in Taiwan between 2000 and 2012 and their relationship with other factors such as investors’ personal characteristics, main arguments and causes of action. This article has the following major findings: (1) the winning rate for investors was quite low, meaning that banks face low legal risk from misselling claims; (2) investors were not better off by filing a complaint to the Banker’s Association; (3) we have not proved the courts showing preference for investors with certain personal traits due to limited information available; (4) a …

Sexual Mixing In Shanghai: Are Heterosexual Contact Patterns Compatible With An Hiv/Aids Epidemic?, M. Giovanna Merli, James Moody, Joshua Mendelsohn, G. Robin Gauthier

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

China’s HIV prevalence is low, mainly concentrated among female sex workers (FSWs), their clients, men who have sex with men, and the stable partners of members of these high-risk groups. We evaluate the contribution to the spread of HIV of China’s regime of heterosexual relations, of the structure of heterosexual networks, and of the attributes of key population groups with simulations driven by data from a cross-sectional survey of egocentric sexual networks of the general population of Shanghai and from a concurrent respondent-driven sample of FSWs. We find that the heterosexual network generated by our empirically calibrated simulations has low …

Erratum To: Sexual Mixing In Shanghai: Are Heterosexual Contact Patterns Compatible With An Hiv/Aids Epidemic?, M. Giovanna Merli, James Moody, Joshua Mendelsohn, G. Robin Gauthier

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

In the middle of the paragraph just above Figure 6, there is the following sentence: “The range of the mean of the distribution of the proportion infected generated by the simulations is narrow, between 0.5 % and 0.2 % of all nodes.” This should read “between 0.05 % and 0.2 % of all nodes.”

Where Does Bicycling For Health Happen? Analysing Volunteered Geographic Information Through Place And Plexus, Greg P. Griffin, Junfeng Jiao

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Research on the role of bicycling for health through physical activity has been limited by the lack of information on where bicyclists ride. New big data sources available through smartphone-based applications provide a rich source to provide bicycle volume data more comparable to the scale of information available for automotive and public transit modes. In the case of smartphone apps for fitness tracking, results of this data can be used similar to the growing application of global positioning systems for automotive travel surveying. The authors evaluate data from Travis County, Texas for the purpose of determining where bicyclists ride, primarily …

دور فجوة الهو ةٌ التنظ مٌ ةٌ ف ز اٌدة سلوك العمل المنحرف دراسة تحل لٌ ةٌ لآراء ع نٌة من العامل نٌ ف معمل سمنت الكوفة, عامر علي حسين العطوي العطوي, عبد فضل الخالدي

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

المستخلص يهدف هذا البحث إلى اختبار دور فجوة الهوية التنظيمية في زيادة سلوك العمل المنحرف لعينة من العاملين في معمل سمنت الكوفة , إذ تم توزيع (307) استمارة استبيان على العاملين ورؤساء الأقسام في معمل سمنت الكوفة. وبعد تفحص الاستمارات المسترجعة استبعدت (15) استمارة لعدم صلاحيتها وعدم تحقيق الشروط المطلوبة للإجابة عن الاستبيان، وبذلك يكون عدد الاستمارات الصالحة للدراسة والتحليل (292) استمارة. يضم مفهوم فجوة الهوية التنظيمية متغيرين هما خصائص هوية المنظمة الحالية وخصائص هوية المنظمة المثالية او المرغوبة اما متغير سلوك العمل المنحرف فيتكون من ثلاث أبعاد رئيسة هي: سلوك العمل المنحرف تجاه المنظمة، و سلوك العمل المنحرف تجاه …

Marketing Deception And Its Impact On The Customer’S Decision In The Stages Of Purchase “An Analytical Study On A Sample Of Private Hospitals”, Dhahir Raddad Al-Qurashi, Muhammad Kamel Al-Sleihat

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

المستخلصهدفت هذه الدراسة إلى بيان أثر الخداع التسويقي على القرار الشرائي لزبائن المستشفيات الخاصة في مدينة عمان، ولتحقيق ذلك فقد قاما الباحثان بتصميم استبانة من أجل جمع البيانات الخاصة بالدراسة حيث قاما بتوزيعها على عينة الدراسة ومقدارها (500) مبحوثٍ جميعهم من زبائن المستشفيات الخاصة في مدينة عمان وقد شملت العينة جنسيات مختلفة من الزبائن ولم تقتصر على جنسية دون الأخرى. أظهرت: إن الخداع التسويقي في جميع المجالات يؤثر بشكل كبير على القرار الشرائي بجميع مراحله (ما قبل الشراء، الشراء، ما بعد الشراء) بنسبة بلغت (71.62%). كما تبين من التحليل أنه لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (0.05=α) …

Latinos In Massachusetts Selected Areas: Everett, Phillip Granberry, Mayara Fontes

Gastón Institute Publications

This report provides a descriptive snapshot of selected economic, social, educational, and demographic indicators pertaining to Latinos in Everett. With a total population of 42,504, Everett is home to an estimated 9,232 Latinos. They represent about one-fifth (22%) of the city’s population, a smaller share than for whites but greater than for blacks and Asians.

Latinos In Massachusetts Selected Areas: Framingham, Phillip Granberry, Mayara Fontes

Gastón Institute Publications

This report provides a descriptive snapshot of selected economic, social, educational, and demographic indicators pertaining to Latinos in Framingham. With a total population of 70,448, Framingham is home to an estimated 12,037 Latinos. They represent about one sixth (17%) of the town’s population, a smaller share than for whites but greater than for blacks and Asians.

Latinos In Massachusetts Selected Areas: Lynn, Phillip Granberry, Priyanka Kabir

Gastón Institute Publications

This report provides a descriptive snapshot of selected economic, social, educational, and demographic indicators pertaining to Latinos in Lynn. As the largest city in Essex County, Lynn is home to an estimated 32,217 Latinos. They represent slightly more than one-third (35%) of the city’s population, which is a smaller share than for whites but greater than for Asians and blacks.

Latinos In Massachusetts Selected Areas: Boston, Phillip Granberry

Gastón Institute Publications

This report provides a descriptive snapshot of selected economic, social, and demographic indicators pertaining to Latinos in Boston. As the largest city in the Commonwealth, Boston is home to an estimated 124,061 Latinos. This represents the largest Latino population in the state, though several other cities have greater concentrations of Latinos. They represent about one-fifth (19.2%) of the city’s population, a smaller share than for whites and blacks but greater than for Asians.

Latinos In Massachusetts Selected Areas: Somerville, Phillip Granberry, Mayara Fontes

Gastón Institute Publications

This report provides a descriptive snapshot of selected economic, social, educational, and demographic indicators pertaining to Latinos in Somerville. As one of the most densely populated municipalities of the Commonwealth, Somerville is home to an estimated 7,742 Latinos. They represent about one-tenth (10.1%) of the city’s population, a smaller share than for whites and Asians but greater than for blacks.

Latinos In Massachusetts Selected Areas: Waltham, Phillip Granberry, Priyanka Kabir

Gastón Institute Publications

This report provides a descriptive snapshot of selected economic, social, educational, and demographic indicators pertaining to Latinos in Waltham. Waltham is home to an estimated 7,728 Latinos. They represent slightly more than one-tenth (12%) of the city’s population, which is a smaller share than for whites but greater than for Asians and blacks.

Latinos In Massachusetts Selected Areas: Revere, Phillip Granberry, Mayara Fontes

Gastón Institute Publications

This report provides a descriptive snapshot of selected economic, social, educational, and demographic indicators pertaining to Latinos in Revere. In addition to having the oldest public beach in America, Revere is home to an estimated 13,547 Latinos. They represent slightly more than one-quarter (25%) of the city’s population, which is a smaller share than for whites but greater than for Asians and blacks.

Latinos In Massachusetts Selected Areas: Salem, Phillip Granberry, Priyanka Kabir

Gastón Institute Publications

This report provides a descriptive snapshot of selected economic, social, educational, and demographic indicators pertaining to Latinos in Salem. As a historical seaport, Salem has long welcomed new arriving populations and is home to an estimated 6,149 Latinos. They represent 15% of the city’s population, which is a smaller share than for whites but greater than for Asians and blacks.

Latinos In Massachusetts Selected Areas: Chelsea, Phillip Granberry, Mayara Fontes

Gastón Institute Publications

This report provides a descriptive snapshot of selected economic, social, educational, and demographic indicators pertaining to Latinos in Chelsea. As one of the smallest municipalities of the Commonwealth in terms of land area, Chelsea is home to an estimated 22,484 Latinos. They represent about three fifths (60.9%) of the city’s population, the largest percentage of any ethno-racial group in the city.

Op Ed — Random Ramblings — Don’T Forget About Small Libraries, Robert P. Holley

School of Information Sciences Faculty Research Publications

Bob expands on the fact that small libraries don’t get the respect that they deserve.

Racial Disparities In Juvenile Drug Arrests, Jeffrey A. Butts

Publications and Research

Illegal drug use in the U.S. does not differ significantly by race (SAMHSA 2014). Data from the U.S. Department of Justice show notable racial disparities in youth drug arrests specifically arrests for possession. This databit looks at differences in juvenile drug arrests rates since the late 1980s.

Diagnoses, Intervention Strategies, And Rates Of Functional Improvement In Integrated Behavioral Health Care Patients, Ana J. Bridges, Samantha J. Gregus, Juventino Hernandez Rodriguez, Arthur R. Andrews Iii, Bianca T. Villalobos, Freddie A. Pastrana, Timothy A. Cavell

Psychological Science Faculty Publications

Objective—Compared with more traditional mental health care, integrated behavioral health care (IBHC) offers greater access to services and earlier identification and intervention of behavioral and mental health difficulties. The current study examined demographic, diagnostic, and intervention factors that predict positive changes for IBHC patients.

Method—Participants were 1,150 consecutive patients (mean age = 30.10 years, 66.6% female, 60.1% Hispanic, 47.9% uninsured) seen for IBHC services at 2 primary care clinics over a 34-month period. Patients presented with depressive (23.2%), anxiety (18.6%), adjustment (11.3%), and childhood externalizing (7.6%) disorders, with 25.7% of patients receiving no diagnosis.

Results—The most commonly …

Normative Isomorphism: Is Irish Academic Work-Life The Same In Different Institutional Types In The Universal Phase Of Higher Education?, Amanda Moynihan

Doctoral

Academic work-life in the universal phase of higher education has reportedly involved an extreme intensification and diversification of academic roles. International empirical research supports the hypothesis that academic staff are spending more time at work, are reporting diminishing morale, and are experiencing erosion of their values of academic freedom, autonomy and collegiality. What has not yet been adequately investigated is the extent to which this experience of academic work-life is the same or different depending on institutional type, thus identifying the research problem addressed in this thesis. This study takes a historical investigative approach to the initial literature review, illustrating …

Of Links And Legal Merits: Good Faith In The Statutory Derivative Action In Singapore, Pearlie M. C. Koh

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

An applicant for leave to bring a statutory derivative action in Singapore is required to satisfy the court as to, inter alia, his good faith. Although the statutory language places the burden of doing so on the applicant, Singapore courts have tended to assume the presence of good faith if the claim is a legitimate one. This approach, which denigrates the requirement of good faith, was recently disapproved by the Singapore Court of Appeal. This notwithstanding, subsequent cases have reverted to the earlier position, casting doubt on the utility of the requirement. This paper considers good faith, and argues that …

A Phenomenological Study Of Facebook Messages From Female Friends To Middle School Girls And The Multi-Dimensional Effect On Self-Esteem, Eileen Elizabeth Hegel

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This phenomenological study investigated positive and negative Facebook messages from female friends to middle school girls and the multi-dimensional effect on self-esteem. This study also examined what role these messages play in female friendships. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit nine participants, 13 years old, the minimum age to have a Facebook account or 14 years old, in the 7th or 8th grade in the South Atlantic region of the United States. Gilligan's theory of moral development underpinned this study. Data collection included a descriptive survey, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, semi-structured interviews, journals, and site artifacts. The questions framing the …

The Unspoken Truth: A Practical Guide For Pastors, Helping Abusers Break The Cycle Of Sexual Abuse, Teresa Johnson

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

For years, men, women and children have suffered silently as a result of sexual abuse. The abuser suffers and the cycle continues. Destroying the silence of sexual abuse is the beginning of breaking the cycle. Research has shown that the abuse goes far beyond the actual act and causes physical, emotional, and psychological damage. This project will investigate and encourage open discussion, address the abuse, and give valuable insight to the causes and consequences of sexual abuse. This project will offer prescriptive and preventative measures to all parties involved, in an effort to heal and stop sexual abuse. Through research …

Coping With Information Technology: Mixed Emotions, Vacillation, And Nonconforming Use Patterns, Mari-Klara Stein, Sue Newell, Erica L. Wagner, Robert D. Galliers

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Achieving the promised business benefits of an IT system is intimately tied to the continued incorporation of the system into the work practices it is intended to support. While much is known about different social, cognitive, and technical factors that influence initial adoption and use, less is known about the role of emotional factors in users' behaviors. Through an in-depth field study conducted in two North American universities, we examine the role of emotions in how specific IT use patterns emerge. We find that there are five different characteristics of an IT stimulus event (cues) that, when interacting in a …

Learning From Educators Of Color: Licensed But Not Teaching In Oregon’S Public Schools, Ann Curry-Stevens, Analucia Lopezrevoredo

Center to Advance Racial Equity Publications and Reports

While the Minority Teachers Act has long been in existance (since 1991), it has not been enforced. It aims to ensure that the population of teachers represents the diversity of students in Oregon’s public classrooms, but remains far below those target levels. Today in Oregon, 35.5% of students are of color, while only 8.3% of Oregon’s teachers are of color.

Over the last two years, the Oregon Educator Equity Advisory Group (OEEAG) has been generating data to understand this issue and to make recommendations to the legislature to improve the diversity of educators in Oregon’s schools. Part of this investigation …

Greater Portland Pulse Use Cases: Examples Of How The Community Used Gpp January 2013-June 2015, Elizabeth Morehead

Institute of Metropolitan Studies Publications

Greater Portland Pulse (GPP) data is a valuable community resource that helps academics, government, reporters, community organizations, and private businesses better understand the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro metropolitan area. With GPP’s 2014 website redesign, and increased presence on social media, GPP’s audience is rapidly expanding. GPP data is often: Cited in research studies, proposals to city councils, and strategic plans. Used to advocate for social change Used by government agencies and private sector businesses to promote economic development

Herbicide Resistance: Challenges For Farmers And Implications For The Environment, George Frisvold, David E. Ervin

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Genetically modified, herbicide resistant (HR) crops offer not only improved weed control, but also the potential to reduce soil erosion and fossil fuel use and to allow substitution toward less toxic or persistent herbicides. The widespread adoption of HR crops, however, has reduced the diversity of weed control tactics and increased ecological selection pressure for weeds resistant to dominant herbicides. This has led to a dramatic rise of HR weeds in many cropping systems. Resistant weeds threaten the sustainability of HR crops, pose environmental risks from alternative weed control practices, are altering public and private R&D programs, and necessitate new …