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2015

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Articles 15721 - 15750 of 19696

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Racial Bias In Driver Yielding Behavior At Crosswalks, Tara Goddard, Kimberly Barsamian Kahn, Arlie Adkins Jan 2015

Racial Bias In Driver Yielding Behavior At Crosswalks, Tara Goddard, Kimberly Barsamian Kahn, Arlie Adkins

Psychology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Psychological and social identity-related factors have been shown to influence drivers’ behaviors toward pedestrians, but no previous studies have examined the potential for drivers’ racial bias to impact yielding behavior with pedestrians. If drivers’ yielding behavior results in differential behavior toward Black and White pedestrians, this may lead to disparate pedestrian crossing experiences based on race and potentially contribute to disproportionate safety outcomes for minorities. We tested the hypothesis that drivers’ yielding behavior is influenced by pedestrians’ race in a controlled field experiment at an unsignalized midblock marked crosswalk in downtown Portland, Oregon. Six trained male research team participants (3 …

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Foreign Investor Protection And Climate Action: A New Price Tag For Urgent Policies, Gus Van Harten Jan 2015

Foreign Investor Protection And Climate Action: A New Price Tag For Urgent Policies, Gus Van Harten

Osgoode Legal Studies Research Paper Series

From a climate perspective, not all investment is equal. Desirable investment in clean energy needs encouragement and protection, while undesirable investment in fossil fuels needs clear policy signals to avoid further investment in destructive activities and stranding more assets. In this paper, evidence is presented on how foreign investor protection provisions in trade and investment agreements tilt the playing field in favor of entrenched incumbents and against urgent action on climate; on the potential for a massive expansion of investor-state litigation and risks to climate policy in proposed trade deals; and on key flaws in recent European Commission proposals to …

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Transit And Economic Resilience, Arthur C. Nelson, Matt Miller, Joanna P. Ganning, Philip Stoker, Jenny H. Liu, Reid Ewing Jan 2015

Transit And Economic Resilience, Arthur C. Nelson, Matt Miller, Joanna P. Ganning, Philip Stoker, Jenny H. Liu, Reid Ewing

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Do fixed-guideway transit systems facilitate resilience with metropolitan areas? There is little literature making this connection theoretically and none testing it empirically. This paper helps close this gap in both respects. In evaluating metropolitan areas with light rail transit systems the authors find evidence that transit corridors on the whole performed better than control corridors during the recovery period of two recessions: that of the early 2000s and the so-called Great Recession. In particular, during the Great Recession transit corridors outperformed control corridors among many economic sectors. Outcomes were more impressive during recoveries from both the recession of the early …

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Office Rent Premiums With Respect To Distance From Light Rail Transit Stations In Dallas And Denver, Arthur C. Nelson, Dejan Eskic, Joanna P. Ganning, Shima Hamidi, Susan J. Petheram, Jenny H. Liu, Reid Ewing Jan 2015

Office Rent Premiums With Respect To Distance From Light Rail Transit Stations In Dallas And Denver, Arthur C. Nelson, Dejan Eskic, Joanna P. Ganning, Shima Hamidi, Susan J. Petheram, Jenny H. Liu, Reid Ewing

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

It seems an article-of-faith that real estate markets respond more favorably to location within one-half mile of transit stations. Planning and public decision-makers have thus drawn half-mile (or smaller) circles around rail transit stations assuming larger planning areas would not be supported by the evidence. Recent research, however, has shown market-responsiveness well beyond one-half mile. We contribute to this literature by evaluating the distance-decay function of office rents in metropolitan Dallas and Denver with respect to light rail transit (LRT) station distance. Using a quadratic transformation of distance we find office rent premiums extending in the range of two miles …

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Commuter Rail Transit And Economic Development, Arthur C. Nelson, Matt Miller, Keuntae Kim, Joanna P. Ganning, Jenny H. Liu, Reid Ewing Jan 2015

Commuter Rail Transit And Economic Development, Arthur C. Nelson, Matt Miller, Keuntae Kim, Joanna P. Ganning, Jenny H. Liu, Reid Ewing

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Commuter rail transit (CRT) is a form of rail passenger service connecting downtowns and other major activity centers with suburban commuter towns and beyond. Between 1834 and 1973, only three public CRT systems were built in the U.S. serving New York, Chicago and then Boston. There are now 25 such systems. Modern CRT systems aim to expand economic development in metropolitan areas. But do they? This paper evaluates the economic development performance of five modern CRT systems. The authors find that several economic sectors perform well within 0.50 miles of CRT stations. The authors offer planning and policy implications.

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Radical Uncertainty: Scenario Planning For Futures, Marisa A. Zapata, Nikhil Kaza Jan 2015

Radical Uncertainty: Scenario Planning For Futures, Marisa A. Zapata, Nikhil Kaza

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

The use of scenario planning in urban and regional planning practice has grown in the last decade as one way to face uncertainty. However, in adapting scenario planning from its origins in the business sector, planners have eliminated two key components: (1) the use of multiple scenarios, and (2) the inclusion of diverse organizations, people, and interests through deep deliberations. We argue that this shift limits the ability of planners to plan for multiple plausible futures that are shaped by an increasing number of diverse actors. In this paper, we use case-study research to examine how uncertainty was considered in …

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Comparing Two Common Approaches To Public Transit Service Equity Evaluation, Alex Karner, Aaron Golub Jan 2015

Comparing Two Common Approaches To Public Transit Service Equity Evaluation, Alex Karner, Aaron Golub

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Understanding the equity effects of transit service changes requires good information about the demographics of transit ridership. Both on-board survey data and census data can be used to estimate equity effects, though there is no clear reason these two sources will result in the same finding of impact. Guidance from the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) recommends using either of these data sources to estimate equity impacts. This article makes a direct comparison of the two methods for the public transit system in the Phoenix, Arizona metropolitan area. The results indicate that, although both sources are acceptable for FTA compliance, the …

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Spdt Draft Mission Statement, Strategic Planning Development Team Jan 2015

Spdt Draft Mission Statement, Strategic Planning Development Team

Implementation

The draft mission statement for Portland State University, created as part of the initial strategic planning process in 2015, and which culminated in the Strategic Plan 2016-20.

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Strategic Ice Cream Feedback On Mission, Strategic Planning Development Team Jan 2015

Strategic Ice Cream Feedback On Mission, Strategic Planning Development Team

Implementation

Feedback regarding the mission statement gathered at the strategic ice cream event held in 2015. Offers feedback collected on sticky notes for both "Mission" and "Values" portions of the mission statement.

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Portland State 20/20 - Faq, Strategic Planning Development Team, Portland State University. Office Of The President Jan 2015

Portland State 20/20 - Faq, Strategic Planning Development Team, Portland State University. Office Of The President

Resource Archive

A brief series of questions and answers related to the strategic planning process, explaining what is a strategic plan, why it is being created, and how original decisions about the project design were made. Created to help inform members of the Strategic Planning Development Team.

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Sorted Questions For Topic Teams, Strategic Planning Development Team Jan 2015

Sorted Questions For Topic Teams, Strategic Planning Development Team

Resource Archive

The Strategic Planning Development Team developed lists of questions related to each of the newly formed topic teams, to help inform and guide their work. These topic teams include Community Partnerships, Engagement, and Civic Leadership, Student Learning and Academic Success, Innovative Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activities, Equity, Opportunity, and Access, Organizational Excellence and Financial Stability, Campus Climate, Faculty Roles and Structure, and Global Excellence.

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Topic Team Feedback From The Strategic Ice Cream Social, Strategic Planning Development Team Jan 2015

Topic Team Feedback From The Strategic Ice Cream Social, Strategic Planning Development Team

Resource Archive

The Strategic Planning Development Team held an ice cream social event where they solicited feedback regarding the mission, vision and values of the university. Topic teams used the information gathered from the university community to help inform their decisions in the strategic planning development process.

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Portland State 20/20: Possible Topic Teams, Strategic Planning Development Team Jan 2015

Portland State 20/20: Possible Topic Teams, Strategic Planning Development Team

Resource Archive

This brief document offers a list of possible topic teams, and includes feedback on these possible teams from the Strategic Planning Development Team

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Converging Divergences In Formal And Informal Work: Longitudinal Evidence From Mexico, Diana Denham, Chris Tilly Jan 2015

Converging Divergences In Formal And Informal Work: Longitudinal Evidence From Mexico, Diana Denham, Chris Tilly

University Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

Analyses of neoliberal labor market restructuring debate whether neoliberalism is homogenizing jobs or polarizing them. Analyses of informal employment debate whether such employment is inferior, and if so, if it is typically a transition or a trap. This paper speaks to both debates, using a three time-point (2006, 2007, 2008) longitudinal survey of retail workers in the state of Tlaxcala, Mexico, to contrast workers’ experiences across the spectrum of formal and informal work. Using the longitudinal data, the paper compares workers’ trajectories, exploring how they make choices and navigate transitions between more formal and more informal work. A qualitative portion …

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Rock, Water, And Gravity: Alchemy Along The Willamette, Andrée Tremoulet Jan 2015

Rock, Water, And Gravity: Alchemy Along The Willamette, Andrée Tremoulet

Metroscape

An exploration of the Willamette Falls Legacy Project, which aims to transform and develop the former 22-acre Blue Heron Paper Company mill site just southwest of downtown Oregon City.

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Voters' Choice 11/14, Sheila A. Martin, Meg Merrick, Richard A. Clucas, Carolyn N. Long Jan 2015

Voters' Choice 11/14, Sheila A. Martin, Meg Merrick, Richard A. Clucas, Carolyn N. Long

Metroscape

A review of the 2014 midterm election in Oregon. This version of the Atlas considers the results if the November 2014 elections for some key races and intiatives in Oregon and, separately, some of the important issues faced by voters in Clark County. The maps show precinct-level results; the circles within each precinct show the distribution of votes within that precinct.

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The Equity Baseline Report: A Framework For Regional Equity, Jared Franz, Cat Goughnour, Duncan Hwang, Kayse Jama, Meg Merrick, Andre Riley, Gerardo Vergara-Monroy Jan 2015

The Equity Baseline Report: A Framework For Regional Equity, Jared Franz, Cat Goughnour, Duncan Hwang, Kayse Jama, Meg Merrick, Andre Riley, Gerardo Vergara-Monroy

Institute of Metropolitan Studies Publications

The Equity Baseline Report: A Framework for Regional Equity is an authentic community-led report resulting from a yearlong collaborative effort conducted by six local community based organizations (CBOs). The organizations were selected competitively to work under contract with Metro staff to identify, inventory, classify and recommend quantitative and qualitative evidence-based indicators and corresponding data sets that measure the varying degrees by which people experience equity in our region.

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The Relationship Between The Effects Of Rape, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Complex Trauma, And Post-Attack Victim-Perpetrator Interaction In Female College Students, Stephanie Christine Bell Jan 2015

The Relationship Between The Effects Of Rape, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Complex Trauma, And Post-Attack Victim-Perpetrator Interaction In Female College Students, Stephanie Christine Bell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to assess for effects of rape that are specific to women attending college and for relationships between the effects of rape, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, previous trauma, complex trauma, and post-attack victim-perpetrator interaction to fill gaps in the literature around these issues. The survey was distributed to all female undergraduates at the main campus of a large, public university in the south (N ≈ 8,400). The sample consisted of 463 women (response rate = 5.5%). The majority of participants were between the ages of 18-22, Caucasian, lived off-campus, and with roommates. Participants received an e-mail …

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Comparing Mode Shares For Non-Residential Destinations In Urban And Suburban Environments, Tasnia Subrin Jan 2015

Comparing Mode Shares For Non-Residential Destinations In Urban And Suburban Environments, Tasnia Subrin

Civil and Environmental Engineering Master's Project Reports

To ensure facility for multimodal transportation is one of the most important concerns in today's transportation sector, with initiatives being taken to make multimodal transportation popular. The built environment variables have a strong relationship with transportation mode choice, but whether that relationship holds true in urban and suburban neighborhoods in the same manner has not been considered. Using data for three non-residential land uses, this research explores whether the built environment variables in suburban areas influences mode share like it does in urban areas. We used survey data conducted at the establishments regarding respondents' travel characteristics from a previous study, …

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Temper, Mounds, And Palisades: The Walford Site (22su501) Of Sunflower County, Mississippi, Kimberly Nicole Harrison Jan 2015

Temper, Mounds, And Palisades: The Walford Site (22su501) Of Sunflower County, Mississippi, Kimberly Nicole Harrison

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Walford site is a multicomponent site with Archaic, Woodland and Mississippian components located in the northern Yazoo Basin of Mississippi. The site has been recorded by several surveys, and was subjected to salvage excavations from 2003–2007. This excavation confirmed multiple components identified in previous surveys, and added a wider chronological range and occupation area. Current excavations also identified a palisade constructed before all of the adjacent Mississippian structures, as well as one of the mounds. Using stratigraphy, GIS, and ceramic analysis, the date of this palisade was determined to be Late Woodland or Early Mississippian.

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Pocket Monsters And Pirate Treasure: Fantasy And Social Platforms In The 21st Century, Jacob Waalk Jan 2015

Pocket Monsters And Pirate Treasure: Fantasy And Social Platforms In The 21st Century, Jacob Waalk

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

POCKET MONSTERS AND PIRATE TREASURE: FANTASY AND SOCIAL PLATFORMS IN THE 21ST CENTURY is an anthropology project examining media, fantasy, ideology, and social groups in order to build a better foundation for the ways in which economic and social changes influence social networking, popular media, and values by using the anime-manga subculture as an example. The thesis draws from three major theorists: Thomas LaMarre, Anne Allison, and Ian Condry as well as major anthropological theorists such as Pierre Bourdieu. As an ethnography, the project was split into two sections: one consisting of interviews with eight anime-manga subculture participants drawn primarily …

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Comparing Anthropometric Methods To Quantify Relations Between Adiposity And Headache, Vanessa Lee Moynahan Jan 2015

Comparing Anthropometric Methods To Quantify Relations Between Adiposity And Headache, Vanessa Lee Moynahan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Obesity is associated with increased risk for chronic migraine and migraine progression, but associations with episodic migraine (em) and episodic tension-type headache (tth) are unclear. Most studies have relied on bmi as an indicator of adiposity. More accurate anthropometric measures that distinguish adipose tissue from other body tissue are critical to examine adiposity-headache associations, including validated measures of abdominal adiposity and established measurement formulas such as body adiposity index (bai) and body composition equations developed by Peterson et al. (2003) and Garcia et al. (2005). The present study explored adiposity-headache associations by employing established anthropometric measures of adiposity and comparing …

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Skin Cancer Prevention Behaviors Among Northeast Florida College Students, Julie W. Merten Jan 2015

Skin Cancer Prevention Behaviors Among Northeast Florida College Students, Julie W. Merten

Florida Public Health Review

Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the United States with over three million people diagnosed annually. Melanoma rates in the past 40 years have increased 800% in women and 400% in men under the age of 39. Ultraviolet radiation is directly linked with the development of skin cancer; moreover, young adults are the most active age group engaging in risky UV exposure. This study seeks to extend scientific understanding of skin cancer prevention behaviors among college students. A convenience sample of 747 college students were surveyed at a midsized Northeast Florida university using the National Cancer Institute core …

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The Journal Of Undergraduate Research: Volume 13 Jan 2015

The Journal Of Undergraduate Research: Volume 13

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

This is the complete issue of the South Dakota State University Journal of Undergraduate Research, Volume 13.

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The Legal Minimum Drinking Age: What Good Does It Do?, Andrea Mulock Jan 2015

The Legal Minimum Drinking Age: What Good Does It Do?, Andrea Mulock

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

Underage drinking is a huge problem in the United States. Rational choice and deterrence theories suggest that the best way to deal with the problem is to create and enforce strict laws against underage drinking. However, are these truly effective mechanisms in this regard? This paper explores these issues by analyzing underage alcohol consumption patterns in three sets of states classified as “lax”, “strict” and “typical” in terms of their underage drinking laws using data from the 2012 National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). T-tests did not show significant differences between underage alcohol use and binge drinking in …

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Unveiling White Privilege In South Dakota, Sarah Horvath Jan 2015

Unveiling White Privilege In South Dakota, Sarah Horvath

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

Past research has shown white privilege, or the tendency of a certain group of people to receive increased opportunities and access to the benefits of society, to be commonly experienced by people identifying themselves as “white” (McIntosh, 1989). In this study, we explored the relationship between the race of participants and their reported experience of white privilege. The present study examined if this concept is applicable and holds true in current society among Midwestern undergraduate students and the general public in a Midwestern state. A total of 329 participants (46 undergraduate students and 283 from the general public) in a …

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A Model Modality: Assessing The Educational Integrity Of The Blended Basic Course, Michael G. Strawser Jan 2015

A Model Modality: Assessing The Educational Integrity Of The Blended Basic Course, Michael G. Strawser

Theses and Dissertations--Communication

The creation of a hybrid/blended basic course aligns with university goals and may increase viable curricular options for student success. If universities offer hybrid courses, they ought to do so based on data-driven evidence confirming that face-to-face (F2F) and hybrid courses are comparable. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the learning outcome achievement of students enrolled in a blended (hybrid) version of the basic course. More specifically, a comparative analysis of student affective, cognitive, and behavioral learning outcome achievement in face-to-face sections and hybrid sections was conducted. This study also examined affect for course delivery format for …

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Transforming Teachers: Exploring Changing Perceptions Through Participation In A Professional Development Program, Taylor Brashear Jan 2015

Transforming Teachers: Exploring Changing Perceptions Through Participation In A Professional Development Program, Taylor Brashear

Theses and Dissertations--Communication

Communication across the curriculum (CXC) programs are becoming increasingly common as institutions of higher learning recognize the need for improving communication skills in college students. Consequently, the University of Kentucky (UK) is piloting Presentation U, a multimodal communication across the curriculum (MCXC) program. This study examines the degree to which the Faculty Fellows program succeeds in helping faculty across the university integrate effective communication instruction and assignments into their courses. For this study, all faculty members participating in cohort #2 of the program responded to surveys and wrote reflection papers regarding their experiences. Their responses were analyzed and conclusions drawn. …

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Relax And Log On Facebook: Examining Students’ Use Of Facebook To Relieve Academic Stress Through Perceived Social Support, Tamika Tompoulidis Jan 2015

Relax And Log On Facebook: Examining Students’ Use Of Facebook To Relieve Academic Stress Through Perceived Social Support, Tamika Tompoulidis

Theses and Dissertations--Communication

College students often times experience academic stress, whether it is due to homework, exams, GPA requirement, or even adapting to the college environment. Social support has been known to reduce stress levels and affect psychological well-being. Social support can also be prevalent on social media sites, such as Facebook. Facebook users can communicate with friends near and far and find the needed support during times of stress. While college students are active Facebook users, little research has examined whether Facebook affects academic stress levels. This study examined if college students use Facebook to gain social support for stress above and …

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Adolescent Perceptions Of Nutrition: Identifying Memorable Messages, Audrey S. Bachman Jan 2015

Adolescent Perceptions Of Nutrition: Identifying Memorable Messages, Audrey S. Bachman

Theses and Dissertations--Communication

Research is necessary to uncover ways to improve adolescent nutrition and reduce obesity rates, particularly in the Appalachian region, which has high rates of food insecurity and adolescent obesity. The current study examines rural cultural norms about food, memorable messages adolescents received about nutrition, and the sources of identified memorable messages. Adolescents shared memorable messages during comprehensive, semi-structured, small group interviews in which participants revealed their individual experiences. Thematic framework analysis is used to present the range and nature of memorable messages about nutrition and to develop strategies for future health campaigns and interventions. This qualitative method of sequential inductive …

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