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2014

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Articles 25561 - 25590 of 25609

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Media Impact On Disaster Public Policy, John R. Fisher Dec 2013

Media Impact On Disaster Public Policy, John R. Fisher

Dr. John R. Fisher

Decades of research suggest the media play a secondary role in the development of public policy. This appears to be equally true in media coverage of disasters. While the media may heighten awareness of an issue, individual public opinion leaders, particularly the wealthy and influential, have greater impact on the formation of public policy.

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Youth Homelessness: Prevalence And Mental Health Correlates, Staci Perlman, Joe Willard, Janette E. Herbers, J. J. Cutuli, Karin M. Eyrich Garg Dec 2013

Youth Homelessness: Prevalence And Mental Health Correlates, Staci Perlman, Joe Willard, Janette E. Herbers, J. J. Cutuli, Karin M. Eyrich Garg

J. J. Cutuli

National data suggest the rate of youth homelessness has been increasing over the last several years. However, estimates of the true prevalence of youth homelessness vary greatly based on counting method and definitions of homelessness. The purpose of the present study is to demonstrate how the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) could be used to understand the prevalence of youth homelessness, characteristics of homeless experiences, and how these experiences relate to mental health problems among youth. Findings demonstrate the number of youth identified as homeless by the YRBS are considerably higher than the number identified by traditional counting methods. Furthermore, …

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Parenting And Co-Regulation: Adaptive Systems For Competence In Children Experiencing Homelessness, Janette E. Herbers, J. J. Cutuli, Laura M. Supkoff, Angela J. Narayan, Ann S. Masten Dec 2013

Parenting And Co-Regulation: Adaptive Systems For Competence In Children Experiencing Homelessness, Janette E. Herbers, J. J. Cutuli, Laura M. Supkoff, Angela J. Narayan, Ann S. Masten

J. J. Cutuli

The role of effective parenting in promoting child executive functioning and school success was examined among 138 children (age 4 to 6 years) staying in family emergency shelters the summer before kindergarten or first grade. Parent-child co-regulation, which refers to relationship processes wherein parents guide and respond to the behavior of their children, was observed during structured interaction tasks and quantified as a dyadic construct using state space grid methodology. Positive co-regulation was related to children’s executive functioning and IQ, which in turn were related to teacher-reported outcomes once school began. Separate models considering parenting behavior demonstrated that EF carried …

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Trauma, Adversity, And Parent-Child Relationships Among Young Children Experiencing Homelessness, Janette E. Herbers, J. J. Cutuli, Amy R. Monn, Angela J. Narayan, Ann S. Masten Dec 2013

Trauma, Adversity, And Parent-Child Relationships Among Young Children Experiencing Homelessness, Janette E. Herbers, J. J. Cutuli, Amy R. Monn, Angela J. Narayan, Ann S. Masten

J. J. Cutuli

This study examined experiences of adversity and potentially traumatic life events among 138 young children (56% female) residing with their families in emergency housing. Experiences of these children were examined from a developmental perspective, testing the impact of cumulative adversity on trauma symptoms, other emotional/behavior problems, and executive functioning in relation to the quality of observed parent-child interactions. Cumulative adversity was related to children’s trauma symptoms and total problem scores. Quality of observed parent-child interactions related to fewer child symptoms, congruent with a promotive role. Quality of parent-child interactions also moderated the associations between adversity and both specific trauma symptoms …

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The Mask Of Virtue: Theories Of Aretaic Legislation In A Public Choice Perspective, Donald J. Kochan Dec 2013

The Mask Of Virtue: Theories Of Aretaic Legislation In A Public Choice Perspective, Donald J. Kochan

Donald J. Kochan

This Article is a first-of-its-kind application of public choice theory to recently developing theories of virtue jurisprudence. Particularly, this Article focuses on not-yet-developed theories of aretaic (or virtue-centered) legislation. This Article speculates what the contours of such theories might be and analyzes the production of such legislation through a public choice lens. Any virtue jurisprudence theory as applied to legislation would likely demand that the proper ends of legislation be deemed as “the promotion of human flourishing” and the same would constitute the test by which we would determine the legitimacy of any legislation. As noble as virtuous behavior, virtuous …

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Corporate Social Responsibility In A Remedy-Seeking Society: A Public Choice Perspective, Donald J. Kochan Dec 2013

Corporate Social Responsibility In A Remedy-Seeking Society: A Public Choice Perspective, Donald J. Kochan

Donald J. Kochan

Written for the Chapman Law Review Symposium on “What Can Law & Economics Teach Us About the Corporate Social Responsibility Debate?,” this Article applies the lessons of public choice theory to examine corporate social responsibility. The Article adopts a broad definition of corporate social responsibility activism to include both (1) those efforts that seek to convince corporations to voluntarily take into account corporate social responsibility in their own decision-making, and (2) the efforts to alter the legal landscape and expand legal obligations of corporations beyond traditional notions of harm and duty so as to force corporations to invest in interests …

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Lessons From The Nba Lockout: Union Democracy, Public Support, And The Folly Of The National Basketball Players Association, Matthew J. Parlow Dec 2013

Lessons From The Nba Lockout: Union Democracy, Public Support, And The Folly Of The National Basketball Players Association, Matthew J. Parlow

Matthew Parlow

By most accounts, the National Basketball Players Association (NBPA) — the union representing the players in the NBA — conceded a significant amount of money and other contractual terms in the new ten-year collective bargaining agreement (2011 Agreement) that ended the 2011 NBA lockout. Player concessions were predictable because the NBA’s economic structure desperately needed an overhaul. The magnitude of such concessions, however, was startling. The substantial changes in the division of basketball-related income, contract lengths and amounts, salary cap provisions, and revenue sharing rendered the NBA lockout — and the resulting 2011 Agreement — a near-complete victory for the …

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Crime Profiling Report: Examining Child Homicide, Edson Kieu Dec 2013

Crime Profiling Report: Examining Child Homicide, Edson Kieu

Edson Kieu

No abstract provided.

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Higher Education Inequalities Of Access: A Case For Migrant Children, Edson Kieu Dec 2013

Higher Education Inequalities Of Access: A Case For Migrant Children, Edson Kieu

Edson Kieu

No abstract provided.

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Food Security In Systemic Context, K. Valentine Cadieux, R. Blumberg Dec 2013

Food Security In Systemic Context, K. Valentine Cadieux, R. Blumberg

K. Valentine Cadieux

Encyclopedia topical entry.

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Afghanistan - Development And Governance With Equity, Arai, 2014.Docx, Tatsushi Arai Dec 2013

Afghanistan - Development And Governance With Equity, Arai, 2014.Docx, Tatsushi Arai

Tatsushi Arai

Tatsushi Arai. 2014. Afghanistan: Development and Governance with Equity. Briefing paper for Afghan civil society leaders, Kabul.

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The Big Casino, Karl Widerquist Dec 2013

The Big Casino, Karl Widerquist

Karl Widerquist

This paper uses an analogy to illustrate two things: (1) the economy is and will always be a casino, and (2) in existing societies and most libertarian, liberal, and socialist visions of society individuals are effectively forced to participate in the casino economy. It argues justice requires that individuals must be free from forced participation in such an economy and that the best way to free people from forced participation is the provision of a Basic Income Guarantee.

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Evaluating A Proposed Modification Of The Guttman Rule For Determining The Number Of Factors In An Exploratory Factor Analysis, Russell T. Warne, Ross Larsen Dec 2013

Evaluating A Proposed Modification Of The Guttman Rule For Determining The Number Of Factors In An Exploratory Factor Analysis, Russell T. Warne, Ross Larsen

Russell T Warne

Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is a widely used statistical method in which researchers attempt to ascertain the number and nature of latent factors that explain their observed variables. When conducting an EFA, researchers must choose the number of factors to retain—a critical decision that has drastic effects if made incorrectly. In this article, we examine a newly proposed method of choosing the number of factors to retain. In the new method, confidence intervals are created around each eigenvalue and factors are retained if the entire eigenvalue is greater than 1.0. Results show that this new method outperforms the traditional Guttman …

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Spatial Environmental And Natural Resource Economics, Amy Ando, Kathy Baylis Dec 2013

Spatial Environmental And Natural Resource Economics, Amy Ando, Kathy Baylis

Kathy Baylis

Environmental and natural resource economics has long wrestled with spatial elements of human behavior, biophysical systems, and policy design. The treatment of space by academic environmental economists has evolved in important ways over time, moving from simple distance measures to more complex models of spatial processes. This chapter presents knowledge developed in several areas of research in spatial environmental and natural resource economics. First, it discusses the role played by spatial heterogeneity in designing optimal land conservation policies and efficient incentive policies to control pollution. Second, it describes the roles space plays in non-market valuation techniques, especially the hedonic and …

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Negative Leakage, Kathy Baylis, Don Fullerton, Daniel H. Karney Dec 2013

Negative Leakage, Kathy Baylis, Don Fullerton, Daniel H. Karney

Kathy Baylis

Our analytical general equilibrium model solves for effects of a small increase in carbon tax on leakage - the increase in emissions elsewhere. Identical consumers buy two goods using income from endowments that are mobile between sectors. Usually an increase in one sector's tax raises output price, so consumption shifts to the other good, causing positive leakage. Here, we find a new negative effect not recognized in existing literature: the taxes sector substitutes away from carbon into clean inputs, so it may absorb resources, shrink the other sector and reduce their emissions. This "abatement resource effect" could offset some or …

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Effects Of Export Restrictions On Domestic Market Efficiency: The Case Of India’S Rice And Wheat Export Ban, Kathy Baylis, Maria Christina Jolejole-Foreman, Mindy Mallory Dec 2013

Effects Of Export Restrictions On Domestic Market Efficiency: The Case Of India’S Rice And Wheat Export Ban, Kathy Baylis, Maria Christina Jolejole-Foreman, Mindy Mallory

Kathy Baylis

The use of export restrictions has substantially increased in recent years. While a number of papers show how these restrictions have increased world commodity prices, in this paper, we empirically estimate how one country’s export restrictions affected the efficiency of their domestic market. We use a threshold cointegration model to estimate the integration between selected wheat and rice markets in India before and during the export bans and test whether those bans exacerbated the price effects of domestic production shocks. We find that before the ban, the majority of port markets for rice and wheat are integrated with the world …

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Rasmus R. Simonsen Interviewed By Massimo Filippi And Marco Reggio, Rasmus R. Simonsen Dec 2013

Rasmus R. Simonsen Interviewed By Massimo Filippi And Marco Reggio, Rasmus R. Simonsen

Rasmus R Simonsen, PhD

What does declare himself a vegan? How does the transition from a meat diet to a vegan affect the sense of identity? There are traditions and conventions established by long time that determine what we eat and how we eat. Veganism calls into question preconceived notions about what a diet "appropriate" and on how to live in the contemporary Western liberal societies. Veganism is opposed to the fundamental characteristics of the way we act. Challenge our self.

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Public Opinion In Hong Kong About Gays And Lesbians: The Impact Of Interpersonal And Imagined Contact, Holning Lau Dec 2013

Public Opinion In Hong Kong About Gays And Lesbians: The Impact Of Interpersonal And Imagined Contact, Holning Lau

Holning Lau

Using data from a 2013 telephone survey in Hong Kong (N = 850), we investigate how interpersonal and imagined contact with gays and lesbians affects attitudes toward gay people and gay rights. We also study the demographic correlates of interpersonal contact with gays and lesbians, as well as the correlates of attitudes toward gay people and gay rights. For all demographic groups, we found strong associations between interpersonal contact and favorable attitudes. Using a split ballot experiment, we found that asking respondents to imagine contact with a same-sex couple produced more favorable attitudes among respondents who had no prior …

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Child Gender And Parental Investments In India: Are Boys And Girls Treated Differently?, Silvia Helena Barcellos, Leandro Carvalho, Adriana Lleras-Muney Dec 2013

Child Gender And Parental Investments In India: Are Boys And Girls Treated Differently?, Silvia Helena Barcellos, Leandro Carvalho, Adriana Lleras-Muney

Silvia Helena Barcellos

No abstract provided.

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Engaging Students In Disaster Relief Training Exercises Dec 2013

Engaging Students In Disaster Relief Training Exercises

Dr. John R. Fisher

Incorporating National Incident Management System training and exercise principles into homeland security and emergency management learning can help university students develop emergency response capabilities through practical application of knowledge in simulated incidents. In addition, they gain team-building and leadership skills, establish relationships with professionals that will carry forward into their careers, and obtain confidence in their abilities to respond under pressure to simulated critical incidents. This case study describes student experience in disaster relief and humanitarian service exercises in the United States, Kosovo, and the Former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia. The DEAL approach to critical thinking is used to provide …

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Emerging Trendsin Rural Employment Structure And Rural Labor Markets In India, A Amarender Reddy, D Narasimha Reddy, Nagaraj N, Bantilan Mcs Dec 2013

Emerging Trendsin Rural Employment Structure And Rural Labor Markets In India, A Amarender Reddy, D Narasimha Reddy, Nagaraj N, Bantilan Mcs

A Amarender Reddy

India is likely to continue for several decades as a country with the largest share of rural population in the world. Rural labor and the sources of their employment are not only predominantly informal but also not very productive in nature, and often spread across several activities. Though estimates of visible unemployment are very low, under-employment is widely prevalent. Rural employment, which was for a long time considered as equal to employment in agriculture, is no longer true. During the last two decades there have been rapid changes in the structure of rural employment, and rural non-farm employment has been …

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Rural Non-Farm Employment And Rural Transformation In India, D Narasimha Reddy, A Amarender Reddy, Nagaraj N, Bantilan Mcs Dec 2013

Rural Non-Farm Employment And Rural Transformation In India, D Narasimha Reddy, A Amarender Reddy, Nagaraj N, Bantilan Mcs

A Amarender Reddy

This study attempts to assess the changing structure of rural production and employment in the last two decades and its implications on rural labor market. The rural labor market has undergone profound structural transformation with labor moving from agriculture towards non-agricultural activities. Currently, non-farm sector is no longer a residual sector, but an emerging driver of rural development and transformation, contributing 65% to the rural Net Domestic Product in 2010. There has been an absolute decline in labor force in recent times with a decline in agriculture employment for both male and female laborers and this decline in female workforce …

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Analysis Of Minimal Complex Systems And Complex Problem Solving Require Different Forms Of Causal Cognition, Joachim Funke Dec 2013

Analysis Of Minimal Complex Systems And Complex Problem Solving Require Different Forms Of Causal Cognition, Joachim Funke

Joachim Funke

In the last 20 years, a stream of research emerged under the label of „complex problem solving“ (CPS). This research was intended to describe the way people deal with complex, dynamic, and intransparent situations. Complex computer-simulated scenarios were as stimulus material in psychological experiments. This line of research lead to subtle insights into the way how people deal with complexity and uncertainty. Besides these knowledge-rich, realistic, intransparent, complex, dynamic scenarios with many variables, a second line of research used more simple, knowledge-lean scenarios with a low number of variables („minimal complex systems“, MCS) that have been proposed recently in problem-solving …

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Problem Solving: What Are The Important Questions?, Joachim Funke Dec 2013

Problem Solving: What Are The Important Questions?, Joachim Funke

Joachim Funke

Problem solving research is in need for re-thinking main questions. The purpose of this paper is a stock-taking of some of the identified problems, to discuss potential remedies for them, and to look for future perspectives. I see three areas for discussion: (1) What are the phenomena to be explained? (2) What methods should be used? What methodology is appropriate to the subject? (3) What is the progress in theory since the legendary work from Newell and Simon (1972)? What can we expect from new data sources? How can we relate data to theoretical assumptions?

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Comprehension Of Climate Change And Environmental Attitudes Across The Lifespan, Christina Degen, Sara E. Kettner, Helen Fischer, Johannes Lohse, Joachim Funke, Christiane Schwieren, Timo Goeschl, Johannes Schröder Dec 2013

Comprehension Of Climate Change And Environmental Attitudes Across The Lifespan, Christina Degen, Sara E. Kettner, Helen Fischer, Johannes Lohse, Joachim Funke, Christiane Schwieren, Timo Goeschl, Johannes Schröder

Joachim Funke

Given the coincidence of the demographic change and climate change in the upcoming decades the aging voter gains increasing importance in climate change mitigation and adaptation processes. It is generally assumed that information status and comprehension of complex processes underlying climate change are prerequisites for adopting pro-environmental attitudes and taking pro-environmental actions. In a cross-sectional study, we investigated in how far (1) environmental knowledge and comprehension of feedback processes underlying climate change and (2) pro-environmental attitudes change as a function of age. Our sample consisted of 92 participants aged 25-75 years (mean age 49.4 years, SD 17.0). Age was negatively …

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Review Of Palgrave Encyclopedia Of Strategic Management, Elizabeth Price Dec 2013

Review Of Palgrave Encyclopedia Of Strategic Management, Elizabeth Price

Elizabeth Price

No abstract provided.

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Interruptive Discourses: Léopold Senghor, African Emotion And The Poetry Of Politics, Shiera S. El-Malik Dec 2013

Interruptive Discourses: Léopold Senghor, African Emotion And The Poetry Of Politics, Shiera S. El-Malik

Shiera S el-Malik

This paper suggests that Senghor’s political and poetic work can be understood as connected to his position as a sophisticated critical thinker. In order to move past a hasty rejection of his work, one might analyse Senghor’s work as part of the more serious anti- colonial, epistemological activism that emerges in the mid-twentieth century. I argue that, for Senghor, politics is an art of interrupting discursive closures. I characterize Senghor’s thinking as focused on epistemological questions, a recognition of the embeddedness of these questions in everyday political decision-making, and an awareness of the way his own thinking develops over time. …

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Against Epistemic Totalitarianism: The Insurrectional Politics Of Bessie Head, Shiera S. Malik Dec 2013

Against Epistemic Totalitarianism: The Insurrectional Politics Of Bessie Head, Shiera S. Malik

Shiera S el-Malik

This paper argues that South African writer, Bessie Head, crafted art that refuses discursive closure, or epistemic totalitarianism. The essay demonstrates this by examining Head’s commitment to analysing power in the context of people’s daily lives and her attention to the insurrectionary role of imagination in intervening in established dynamics of power. The first section draws connections between Head’s practice of writing about ordinary people to her own experience and observations of living under South African apartheid. The second section focuses on the analytical links that Head makes between poverty, white privilege and institutional economic structures in order to demonstrate …

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Determinants Of Employee Commitment For Organizational Performance, Peter Adoko Obicci Esq. Dec 2013

Determinants Of Employee Commitment For Organizational Performance, Peter Adoko Obicci Esq.

Peter Adoko Obicci

Employee commitment is the terminology used to describe whether employees have a strong belief and accepts organizational goals and values. The thesis of this study is founded on the conviction that an organization cannot be expected to perform effectively and efficiently when its employees are not committed. There are many measurable support that employee commitment is a critical factor that determines the performance of an organization. Using the Ministry of Public Service in Uganda, as a case, this study sought to establish the affective, continuance and normative commitments of the employees for organizational performance. Quantitative data was collected from 96 …

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A More National Representation Of Place In Canadian Newspapers, Carrie Buchanan Dec 2013

A More National Representation Of Place In Canadian Newspapers, Carrie Buchanan

Carrie Buchanan

In their design and content, North American daily newspapers construct a complex representation of the
locality they serve and its place in the world. That construct involves the quality and quantity of local news,
relative to news in other geographic categories, and how stories from each category are displayed in the
newspaper’s pages. This article describes a content analysis that quantified and compared the representations
of locality and place in the print versions of two Canadian metropolitan daily newspapers between 1894 and
2005. The results show a marked increase in both the number of national stories and the priority given …

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