Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Equality Isn’T All It’S Cracked Up To Be: The Price Of Duality And Bilingualism, Alexandria Roberts-Mendel

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

In the province of New Brunswick, English and French have shared co-official status since 1969, with the approval of the Official Languages Act. Francophones (French-speakers) make up a little over 31% of the population, and Anglophones (English-speakers) are the majority at 69% of the population. Even with equal linguistic rights, the Francophone minority often struggles to receive equal treatment in areas such as health care and education. From May-July 2013, I worked with Professor Keating Marshall on a SURP project, collecting 17 months’ worth of op-ed articles and letters to the editor from two of Southeastern New Brunswick’s Anglophone newspapers, …

Public Attitudes Toward Bike Lanes In New York City, Wil Fisher

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

As bicycles gradually become an established form of transportation in the United States, planners and policymakers need new evidence to determine how best to expand bicycle infrastructure. Using logistic regression analysis of 2012 public opinion data from New York City, this article explores the demographics behind support of bicycle lanes. Due to an absence of literature on public opinion of bike lanes, it examines a breadth of variables in order to provide a basis for future research, answering the question: What personal characteristics are important in one's support for bike lanes? This study also demonstrates the distinction between demographics of …

The Consequences Of Somali Piracy On International Trade, La'nita M. Johnson

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

In the last decade, piracy in the African waters, especially surrounding Somalia, has vastly increased. Due to a previous civil war, absence central government in the country and lack of natural resources, Somalia is presently one of the most underdeveloped countries in the world—which many say is a large stimulus in the rise and expansion of piracy. Although these attacks frequently go unnoticed, they have a large-scale effect on the global economy and international trade. This paper will first briefly observe the history of piracy, then go on to introduce the recent prevalence of Somali pirates off of the Horn …

Xenophobia, Whiteness, And Citizenship In The United States, Carolyn Dapper

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

In January 2014, the Republican Party released new "principles of immigration" which among many reforms, made space for the possibility of a pathway toward "legal status" for certain groups of undocumented immigrants in the United States. This paper investigates the rhetorical difference between "citizenship" and "legal status" and claims how these principles reflect the GOP's motives to ease their conservative constituents' anxieties surrounding the protection of a traditional, euroamerican definition of American citizenship. This paper analyzes the relationship between whiteness and citizenship, a class which extends beyond ethnicity and involves education, income level, and values associated with WASP America.

Conformity And How It Relates To Eating Patterns, Ashley A. Martin

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

This study examines how the eating habits and behaviors of individuals are influenced by another person’s presence. Prior research has shown that participants are more likely to conform to eating patterns and behaviors of others in a large group; however this particular study focuses on the influence of just one other person. Twenty-nine females, aged 18-22, from Pepperdine University participated in a study designed to assess whether participants were more likely to conform to a confederate’s healthy eating patterns. It was hypothesized that participants, when presented with a variety of foods (both healthy and unhealthy), would be more likely to …

An Exploration Of Gender Roles And Communication In Emerging Adulthood, Francesca Guglielmi

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

What did you say? A common expression uttered by males and females reflects a potential lack of understanding between the sexes. Gender and communication is not a new area, but it is an under researched area within emerging adulthood. Traditionally, development progressed from adolescence to young adulthood, but changes in today’s modern society have altered the typical pattern of "growing up". High school graduates are no longer forced into adult roles—careers and marriage—but are able to spend their late teens through mid-twenties exploring a variety of opportunities (Arnett, 2007). As a relatively new developmental stage, emerging adulthood has not been …

Volunteer Activities And Self-Esteem, Viviana Vasquez

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

While prior studies have found a relationship between volunteerism and self-esteem, results are inconclusive for college students. The current study examined students attending a small, private, Christian liberal arts college to determine whether students who engage in volunteer activities with direct contact with the individuals they are serving would report higher levels of self-esteem. Results indicated that there was no significant difference between the amount of direct contact a participant engaged in at his/her volunteer site and his/her self-esteem. However, results demonstrated that females report higher levels of direct contact at their volunteer sites and are more likely to report …

Relationship Trends Across Two Generations: An Examination Of Relationship Quality In Children With Divorced Parents, Hadley W. Burke, Hannah Joyner

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship quality trends in offspring of divorced and non-divorced parents. Relationship domains included self, friendship, and romantic relationships. 68 undergraduate students completed an online survey pertaining to these three relationship dimensions. Results indicated that there were not statistically significant positive correlations between offspring of married parents versus divorced parents and their self-relationship, friendship, and romantic relationships.

The Combination Of Organization And Emotion: An Immediate Free Recall Task, Christopher O. Hunt

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

Both organization (e.g., semantic-relatedness) and emotional valence have been found to lead to better memory as seen through the superior recall of semantically-related and emotionally-valenced lists. However, research suggests that these two factors may not only lack an additive effect when combined, but may result in worse recall. Based on this research, we hypothesized emotion would hinder recall of a semantically-related list by impairing the relational processing that usually benefits recall of semantically-related material. This hypothesis was supported, as it was found that emotional valence resulted in reduced recall in a semantically-related list. This finding may have important implications for …

Flirting Style And Sexual Orientation, Carolyn Vandermolen

DePaul Discoveries

The present study examined the association between flirting style and sexual orientation. Previous research on flirting has emphasized the importance of evolutionary factors. Given the focus of the present study, gender-role theory, which tends to emphasize the importance of cultural and social factors, may offer a better explanation for any differences that might be found. The present study sought to explore the relative importance of these two theories. Surprisingly, the relationship between these variables has not been previously studied. Participants (271 heterosexual and 177 nonheterosexual) completed an online survey. Perhaps the most interesting finding was a significant interaction between flirting …

Evidence For The Endowment Effect In Older Adults, Kristen Bernal

DePaul Discoveries

The endowment effect refers to the phenomenon whereby sellers attribute more value to an item than do buyers. Given previous mixed evidence, we examined the endowment effect in a sample of 65 older adults from ages 60-92 years. Participants completed a survey packet with a specific desirable pen. The last page of the packet assigned the participant to either being a buyer or a seller of the pen used to fill out the entirety of the packet. Participants were asked to provide a selling or buying price for the pen (depending on condition), and to list six thoughts about the …

Language Difficulties, Cultural Conflicts, And Perceived Discrimination Across Generations Of Latino Youth, Stephanie Torres

DePaul Discoveries

Acculturative stressors among Latino youth are associated with a number of adjustment difficulties. However, acculturative stressors across generations of Latino youth are not well documented. This study evaluates differences between first, second and third generation Latino youth in their perceptions of acculturative stress, including language difficulties, cultural conflicts, and perceived discrimination, using a predominately low-income, school-based sample. Results revealed that first generation youth endorse higher language difficulties while third generation youth endorse lower cultural conflicts. Evaluating specific stressors associated with acculturation can better assist in the development of interventions geared towards the needs of both immigrant and U.S.-born Latino families.

Examining Parent-Child Cross-Informant Reports Of Attention And Hyperactivity Problems Among Low-Income Latino Youth, Lauren Smith

DePaul Discoveries

Research on informant reports has not focused on the levels of agreement between parents and youth from ethnic minority backgrounds or the factors that influence their agreement levels. The current study examines reports made by low-income Latino parent-child dyads regarding the child’s attention and hyperactivity symptoms, and examines whether problem type, age, gender, and family generation influence cross-informant agreement. The sample includes 94 5th–8th grade students and their parents recruited from a public elementary school in Chicago, Illinois. Results indicate that symptoms were higher when reported by the children than by their parents. Implications for these findings are discussed.

Chinese Cultural Factors Impacting The Educational Schooling Of Children With Autism In China, Chelsea La Valle

DePaul Discoveries

In China, an insufficiency of schooling opportunities exists among Chinese children with autism. Schooling can be perceived as a viable treatment option that uses communication techniques. The current study sought to provide culturally informed recommendations for enhancing the schooling opportunities of children with autism in China. Qualitative analysis of seven interviews discussing Chinese cultural factors which impact the schooling opportunities of children with autism resulted in the generation of six themes: 1) a lack of individual attention in general education schools, 2) a deficiency in special education schools, 3) an insufficiency of specialized teacher training, 4) a loss of mianzi …

The Effects Of Messages On Environmental Behavior, Miki Yoshimura-Rank

DePaul Discoveries

Over the past few decades environmental awareness and education have increased without a corresponding increase in pro-environmental behavior. Recent research on public service announcements and social marketing theory indicate that positive injunctive with positive descriptive norms are most effective in increasing proenvironmental behavior. The current study focused on the impact of different types of environmental messages on promoting recycling behavior in college students. Over 250 recycling actions were measured in the experiment. It was hypothesized that the positive injunctive with positive descriptive statement would be most effective in causing more university students to recycle. The findings, although not statistically significant, …

Child Maltreatment, Exposure To Violence, And Adolescent Weapon Carrying, Lauren P. Schroeder, Sabrina A. Karczewski, Patrick J. Fowler Phd

DePaul Discoveries

This study examined associations between child maltreatment, violence exposure, and gender in predicting subsequent adolescent weapon carrying. Data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well- Being, a nationally representative longitudinal study of families in contact with the child welfare system, were used. Participants included 821 youth who were followed over five years. Results from a logistic regression suggested that male youth who reported physical abuse at baseline were less likely to report carrying a weapon any time across the follow up period, while physical abuse did not predict weapon carrying in females. These counterintuitive findings demonstrated a complex …

Fort Gaddis: Fact Or Misnomer, Ronald L. Michael

Northeast Historical Archaeology

No abstract is available at this time.

Camp Reading: Logistics Of A Revolutionary War Winter Encampment, David A. Poirier

Northeast Historical Archaeology

No abstract is available at this time.

The Metallurgical Study Of Fort Ligonier Bayonet Sections, Hand Forged Spikes, And Copper Powder Keg Hoop Sections, J. Alfred Berger, Catherine A. Hawks, Jacob L. Grimm

Northeast Historical Archaeology

No abstract is available at this time.

Excavations At The Bull-Jackson Farmstead, Orange County, New York, Thomas J. Riley

Northeast Historical Archaeology

No abstract is available at this time.

Reed Stem Tobacco Pipes From Point Pleasant, Clermont County, Ohio, James L. Murphy

Northeast Historical Archaeology

No abstract is available at this time.

Clay Pipes In The Upper Great Lakes: The Ermatinger Assemblage, C. S. "Paddy" Reid

Northeast Historical Archaeology

No abstract is available at this time.

Women Faculty In Stem Colleges At Purdue University: Perceptions Of The Classroom Environment Related To Student Interactions, Susan R. Geier, Christie L. Sahley

ADVANCE-Purdue Gender and STEM Research Symposium

As part of the mission to increase faculty success, the ADVANCE-Purdue Center for Faculty Success (PCFS) sought to understand faculty experiences related to student interactions and the classroom environment. Consequently, the PCFS launched a university-wide survey to understand the various faculty perceptions of their classroom environment specifically related to student interactions. The survey was administered to faculty members during fall 2012. This paper will focus on the perceptions of women faculty members in the Colleges / Schools of Agriculture, Engineering, Pharmacy, Science, Technology and Veterinary Medicine (STEM).

In addition to the demographic items such as gender, rank, and college, participants …

Diversity Catalysts Involvement And Impact, Klod Kokini, Patrice M. Buzzanell, Clint Chapple, Andrew Hirsch, Kathleen Howell

ADVANCE-Purdue Gender and STEM Research Symposium

The National Science Foundation’s (NSF) ADVANCE program has funded over $130 million USD in efforts “to increase the representation and advancement of women in academic science and engineering careers, thereby contributing to the development of a more diverse science and engineering workforce” (http://www.nsf.gov/crssprgm/advance/index.jsp). The PURDUE-ADVANCE project has three major goals: 1) to increase the number and success of STEM women faculty of color; 2) to increase the success and leadership of women faculty in STEM, and 3) to educate all the faculty and in particular, the majority, about the benefits of diversity and inclusion (see http://www.purdue.edu/discoverypark/advance/). Across …

Immigrant Women’S Experiences Of Using Mobile Phones: Counting Pennies To Connect Across Continents, Parul Malik, Lorraine Gayle Kisselburgh

ADVANCE-Purdue Gender and STEM Research Symposium

There are many success stories of women around the world using information communication technologies (ITCs) to empower themselves. Most research on ICT-enabled empowerment tends to focus on rural women in emerging economies. Little attention has been paid to their low income, immigrant counterparts living in North American cities. Using 30 interviews with Bangladeshi and Ethiopian women who recently immigrated to New York City, this exploratory study describes the barriers to the use of mobile phones amongst immigrant women. A majority of these women were dependents of construction workers and cab drivers, while the others had operative level positions in retail …

Appreciating Episodic Mentoring: Reconsiderations Of And Interventions For A Comprehensive Mentoring Process For Engineering Faculty, Patrice M. Buzzanell, Ziyu Long, Klod Kokini, Lindsey B. Anderson, Jennifer C. Batra

ADVANCE-Purdue Gender and STEM Research Symposium

The benefits of formal and informal mentoring systems in academe and other organizational settings are well documented. However, a third form of mentoring—known as episodic or spontaneous mentoring as well as mentoring moments—offers a different entrée point into the everyday construction of mentoring. Whereas most mentoring either focuses on one-on-one long-term relationships or group/cluster mentoring arrangements, episodic mentoring emphasizes processes, relational aspects of the mentoring experiences, multiple inputs, and individual empowerment. Based on inductive-deductive analyses of in-depth interviews and other empirical data about engineering faculty members' mentoring experiences in a mid-western university, we discuss how episodic mentoring is a way …

Navigating Pregnancy And Parenthood: Work-Family Considerations For Men And Women Graduate Students In Stem And Other Disciplines, Ziyu Long, Patrice M. Buzzanell, Abigail Selzer King

ADVANCE-Purdue Gender and STEM Research Symposium

Scholars and non-academicians consider popular key advantages to be flexibility in career trajectories as well as autonomy and control over one’s schedule and the work that one chooses to do (e.g., Buzzanell & Lucas, 2006, 2013). Although academic careers seem to offer these benefits, there are questions about whether and how such flexibility actually occurs, particularly in times of pregnancy/adoption, family leave, and work-life “balance” (e.g., Stone, 2008). Implicit in academic flexibility is that graduate student careers might evidence some of the same flexibility but within institutional structures that can range from lockstep to a build-you-own-plan and timetable model. In …

Evaluation Of Women And Men Professors: How Gender Scripts Affect Students' Assessments, Elizabeth A. Hoffmann

ADVANCE-Purdue Gender and STEM Research Symposium

All universities strive for high quality teaching. In the late 1970’s, colleges and universities began systematically soliciting feedback from students regarding teaching. Rather than relying on colleague-evaluations, the new administrative philosophy advocated bringing in students’ own assessment of their professors. Today, these student assessments are often the only evaluation of college teaching.

The change to include students’ perspectives was particularly supported by women faculty. Ironically, some research suggests that student evaluations might be quite biased against women professor. Such a bias would not only be unfair, but it would have substantial consequences for those women faculty, since student evaluation are …

Hiring And Retention Results At The University Of Cincinnati, Steve Howe Phd, Stacie F. Holloway Phd, Rachel Kallen Phd

ADVANCE-Purdue Gender and STEM Research Symposium

Achieving higher levels of representation of women in the STEM sciences requires that science departments do a better job of recruiting, hiring, and retaining women scientists. In order to help the University of Cincinnati ADVANCE project team assess whether the under-representation of STEM women at UC is more a matter of not recruiting and hiring enough women or more matter of not retaining them, we conducted survival analyses. We were able to construct a data base of all UC employees who were hired from 1990 to 2012. For employees who left UC, we were able to calculate years of UC …

Assessing The Intra-Departmental Social Networks Of Male And Female Stem Faculty: A Preliminary Analysis, Stacie F. Holloway Phd, Rachel Kallen Phd, Steve Howe Phd, Brian Eiler

ADVANCE-Purdue Gender and STEM Research Symposium

Social relationships and intra-organizational networking have repeatedly been shown to predict career success.[1] However, building social networks may become difficult when STEM women enter into an area where they are judged, implicitly or explicitly, to be less competent outsiders. Social networks can also become more difficult to manage when work-life demands become unmanageable. Thus, a key component to analyzing the success of the ADVANCE program at the University of Cincinnati (UC LEAF) entails assessing the social climate through real connections between people within UC. To this end, LEAF has begun collecting closed network data from faculty in each of …