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2012

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Articles 14521 - 14550 of 15698

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Towards An Understanding Of The Separation And Mediation Experiences Of Western Australian Fathers: An Interpretive Phenomenological Study, Carly Mercadante Jan 2012

Towards An Understanding Of The Separation And Mediation Experiences Of Western Australian Fathers: An Interpretive Phenomenological Study, Carly Mercadante

School of Psychology and Social Science Presentations

The process of marriage breakdown can be one of the most painful experiences in life (Qu, 2004). The person who initiates the separation is more likely to experience more positive post divorce adjustment than the non-initiator (Wang & Amato, 2000) and is likely to undertake preparation for separation. In Australia, only 32% of men initiated separation in 2003 (Hewitt, Western & Baxter, 2006), it is possible then, that many separated men are ill prepared for mediation. The 2006 Amendments the Family Law Act presumes shared parental responsibility of children and requires that former partners make a genuine attempt to resolve …

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Conceptualising Female Perpetrated Violence Towards Intimate Male Partners: A Delphi Study Of Expert’S Views, Sarah Moate Jan 2012

Conceptualising Female Perpetrated Violence Towards Intimate Male Partners: A Delphi Study Of Expert’S Views, Sarah Moate

School of Psychology and Social Science Presentations

Despite increased acknowledgement that males as well as females can be victims of intimate partner violence, compared to the extensive literature on male perpetrators of intimate partner abuse, the literature on female perpetrated violence towards male partners is exceptionally scarce (Dutton, Nicholls & Spidel, 2005). What is evident from the research that does exist, is that there is a lack of discussion and consensus in regards to the causal explanations specific to this type of female violence. The present study aimed to address this by exploring the ways in which local experts in the field of family and domestic violence …

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Working The Companion Animal In The Context Of New Interpersonal Relationships, Steven Remic Jan 2012

Working The Companion Animal In The Context Of New Interpersonal Relationships, Steven Remic

School of Psychology and Social Science Presentations

Companion animals are found in the majority of western households. In surveys it has been found that companion animals are often viewed as family members. There is debate in psychological literature on what people mean when they describe companion animals in familial terms, with three theoretical frameworks posited to help explain the pets-as-family phenomena. Attachment theorists suggest that pets meet all four criteria for psychological attachment. Other researchers have suggested that companion animals are positioned within family systems, and are part of the dynamic interplay between human family members. Evolutionary psychologists have suggested that companion animals take advantage of in-built …

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Maternal Humanitarian Entrants “Me Time”: The Ways Social Support Works In A Facilitated Playgroup, Annmarie La Rosa Jan 2012

Maternal Humanitarian Entrants “Me Time”: The Ways Social Support Works In A Facilitated Playgroup, Annmarie La Rosa

School of Psychology and Social Science Presentations

This study explored how maternal humanitarian entrants (MHE) ascribe meanings to the ways social support works in a facilitated playgroup context. The secondary research question addressed the extent to which accounts of playgroup support could be explained by Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory (BEST). A focus group followed by case study and follow-up interviews provided the women, staff and stakeholders the opportunity to share their narratives. Rich descriptions of their "lived" experience were central to the research purpose. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was employed to validate the ascribed meanings of ways social support manifested in the playgroup. The role of BEST contributed …

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An Examination Of The Nonresidential Stepmother Role, Jenine Rocca Jan 2012

An Examination Of The Nonresidential Stepmother Role, Jenine Rocca

School of Psychology and Social Science Presentations

Stepmothers are consistently underrepresented in stepfamily research (Orchard & Solberg, 1999), particularly nonresidential stepmothers (Johnson et al., 2008). The present research investigated how nonresidential stepmothers conceptualise, construct, and evaluate their roles, and to identify factors leading to their role adoption. In-depth interviews were conducted with eight nonresidential stepmothers residing in Perth, Western Australia, who had contact with their stepchildren for fifteen days or less per month. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data, and results indicated that in terms of their role conceptualisation, the participants perceived their role to have changed, compared their roles to existing roles, and also …

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Cognitive And Affective Correlates Of Theory Of Mind As Influenced By Task Modality, April Kane Jan 2012

Cognitive And Affective Correlates Of Theory Of Mind As Influenced By Task Modality, April Kane

School of Psychology and Social Science Presentations

This study investigated whether task modality influenced performance on affective and cognitive theory of mind (ToM) tasks. The sample comprised 56 “healthy” adults, including 26 males and 30 females, whose ages ranged from 19 to 59 years. Participants completed four ToM tasks, two of which were designed to assess the affective ToM process, two the cognitive ToM process. One task for each process was a visual task, whilst the second was an audio task, thereby assessing the influence of task modality. Task data was analysed to obtain correlation coefficients, which were compared. The correlations for the affective and cognitive processes …

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Pet Loss And The Elderly, Daphne D’Gama Jan 2012

Pet Loss And The Elderly, Daphne D’Gama

School of Psychology and Social Science Presentations

Companion animals are known to provide numerous psychosocial benefits to their owners. It is due to these prominent and positive contributions that individuals develop a deep attachment with their pet. Consequently pet owners experience intense grief reactions following the death of a cherished pet. While numerous studies have focused on the experiences for children and young adults, the experience of pet loss for the elderly remains relatively unexplored. An in-depth qualitative research design guided by a phenomenological framework was used to explore the experiences surrounding pet loss for the elderly. Data was collected though one-on-one semi-structured interviews with thirteen participants …

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Parents Raising Adolescents Diagnosed With Low-Functioning Autism And Their Perceptions Of The Level And Quality Of Support They Receive, Jayne Armstrong Jan 2012

Parents Raising Adolescents Diagnosed With Low-Functioning Autism And Their Perceptions Of The Level And Quality Of Support They Receive, Jayne Armstrong

School of Psychology and Social Science Presentations

Autism is a complex developmental disorder that currently affects 1 in every 110 Australian children. Research indicates that raising an individual with such a disorder can be very psychologically and physically demanding and that parents need to be fully supported during this time. Despite such evidence however, it would appear that very limited studies have been conducted to determine whether this support is actually being provided. This purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of parents raising an adolescent with low-functioning autism with regards to the support which they currently received from a.) The government and b.) The …

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Improving Memory Through N-Back Training, Paul Beavon Jan 2012

Improving Memory Through N-Back Training, Paul Beavon

School of Psychology and Social Science Presentations

Jaeggi and colleagues have claimed that fluid intelligence may be improved through a cognitive training regime utilising the n-back task; maintaining that the improvement in Gf is realised through melioration in working memory (WM). To date there has been no evidence to support this assertion, however Jaeggi, Buschkuehl, Jonides, and Perrig (2008) obtained a significant improvement in short term memory (STM). The current study examined the near transfer mechanisms of the single n-back task; specifically STM and WM as operationalised through the Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Abilities. Forty-seven participants were divided into experimental (n = 26) …

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African Refugee Mothers’ Experiences Of Their Children’S School Readiness, And The Role Of Supported Playgroup, Rebecca New Jan 2012

African Refugee Mothers’ Experiences Of Their Children’S School Readiness, And The Role Of Supported Playgroup, Rebecca New

Theses : Honours

An emerging pressure for refugee parents in Australia relates to children’s ‘school readiness’. Existing research on mainstream, ethnic and migrant parents has highlighted that preparing children for school can be stressful; however, current literature has not considered this phenomenon for refugees in Australia. Social support is important for parents as they navigate school-related problems, and supported playgroups can potentially play an important role here for refugees. However, existing research has not yet examined the ways such programs can support these individuals in dealing with school readiness issues. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the experiences of African …

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E-Book Adoption In Academic & Research Libraries, Pervaiz Ahmad, Mark Brogan, Mike Johnstone Jan 2012

E-Book Adoption In Academic & Research Libraries, Pervaiz Ahmad, Mark Brogan, Mike Johnstone

InfoSci@ECU Seminars

From a fledgling technology with no proven business models, Electronic books (E-books) have grown in importance. Nowhere is this more apparent than in academic libraries, where E-books in many libraries now account for more than half of the library acquisitions budget (Huthwaite et al., 2011). In situations where funding is scarce and E-book adoption requires substantial budgetary provision, libraries must establish the level and extent of E-book use and ascertain factors that point to the worth of E-books as library resources (Crosetto, 2011, p. 125). Consequently, user needs assessment and the analysis of E-book usage patterns have become key factors …

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Spatial Justice: A Call To Spatial Practice, Tina Askam Jan 2012

Spatial Justice: A Call To Spatial Practice, Tina Askam

ECU Research Week

No abstract provided.

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Leadership: Possibilities For The Directing Process, Gabrielle Metcalf Jan 2012

Leadership: Possibilities For The Directing Process, Gabrielle Metcalf

ECU Research Week

No abstract provided.

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The "R" Statistics Library: Research Applications, David Allen, Abhay Singh Jan 2012

The "R" Statistics Library: Research Applications, David Allen, Abhay Singh

ECU Research Week

No abstract provided.

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Bullying That Follows You Home And Further: What Can Be Done To Protect Children?, Donna S. Cross Jan 2012

Bullying That Follows You Home And Further: What Can Be Done To Protect Children?, Donna S. Cross

ECU Research Week

No abstract provided.

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Science And Innovation Co-Investment Programs, Department Of Commerce Jan 2012

Science And Innovation Co-Investment Programs, Department Of Commerce

ECU Research Week

No abstract provided.

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How Aboriginal Art Centres Can Change Communities, Trudi Cooper, Sue Bahn, Margaret Giles Jan 2012

How Aboriginal Art Centres Can Change Communities, Trudi Cooper, Sue Bahn, Margaret Giles

ECU Research Week

No abstract provided.

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Cognition Research Group, Craig Speelman Jan 2012

Cognition Research Group, Craig Speelman

ECU Research Week

No abstract provided.

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Conceptualising Rehabilitation Goals And Making Them Smarter, Deborah Hersh Jan 2012

Conceptualising Rehabilitation Goals And Making Them Smarter, Deborah Hersh

ECU Research Week

No abstract provided.

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Whose Budget? Our Budget? Broadening Political Stakeholdership Via Participatory Budgeting, Celina Su Jan 2012

Whose Budget? Our Budget? Broadening Political Stakeholdership Via Participatory Budgeting, Celina Su

Publications and Research

In this thought piece, I attempt to contextualize New York City’s inaugural participatory budgeting (PB) process in the larger landscape of American political participation. I discuss how the bottom-up way in which stakeholders wrote the process’s rules in the first place, alongside the core role played by the two lead organizations, helped to broaden notions of stakeholdership among constituents. Ultimately, the first year’s primary achievement regarding political participation was not a specific set of outcomes, but a debut as an unfinished form of governance—one that began to engage traditionally marginalized constituents, to trigger their political imagination, and to prompt them …

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Advancing The Human Right To Housing In Post-Katrina New Orleans: Discursive Opportunity Structures In Housing And Community Development, Leigh Graham Jan 2012

Advancing The Human Right To Housing In Post-Katrina New Orleans: Discursive Opportunity Structures In Housing And Community Development, Leigh Graham

Publications and Research

In post-Katrina New Orleans, housing and community development (HCD) advocates clashed over the future of public housing. This case study examines the evolution of and limits to a human right to housing frame introduced by one nongovernmental organization (NGO). Ferree’s concept of the discursive opportunity structure and Bourdieu’s social field ground this NGO’s failure to advance a radical economic human rights frame, given its choice of a political inside strategy that opened up for HCD NGOs after Hurricane Katrina. Strategic and ideological differences within the field limited the efficacy of this rights-based frame, which was seen as politically radical and …

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Razing Lafitte: Defending Public Housing From A Hostile State, Leigh Graham Jan 2012

Razing Lafitte: Defending Public Housing From A Hostile State, Leigh Graham

Publications and Research

The contentious politics of the demolition of Lafitte public housing in post- Katrina New Orleans and its replacement with mixed-income properties is a telling case of the strategic conflicts housing advocates face in public housing revitalization. It reveals how the qualified outcomes of HOPE VI interact with local institutional and historical circumstances to confound the equity and social justice goals of housing and community development advocates. It shows the limits to public housing revitalization as an urban recovery strategy when hostile government leadership characterizes a region, and the state is recast as an adversary rather than revitalization partner. This case …

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Do You Know Your Rights About What You Write? Understanding Authors’ Rights And Open Access, Jill Cirasella, Mariana Regalado, Alycia Sellie, Beth Evans, Frans Albarillo Jan 2012

Do You Know Your Rights About What You Write? Understanding Authors’ Rights And Open Access, Jill Cirasella, Mariana Regalado, Alycia Sellie, Beth Evans, Frans Albarillo

Publications and Research

This poster provides a very brief overview of the crisis in journal publishing and the different paths to making journal articles open access.

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Tempering The Over-Use And Abuse Of Common-Pool Resources, Marianna Khachaturyan, Gary D. Lynne Jan 2012

Tempering The Over-Use And Abuse Of Common-Pool Resources, Marianna Khachaturyan, Gary D. Lynne

Cornhusker Economics

Elinor Ostrom, a professor at Indiana University, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences (first woman to ever receive it) in 2009, sharing it with Professor Oliver Williamson. The prize was awarded “for her analysis of economic governance, especially the commons.” She “challenged the conventional wisdom by demonstrating how local property can be successfully managed by local commons without any regulation by central authorities or privatization”. Also, full privatization, i.e., assigning individual property rights rather than shared, common property rights, is also not essential. She summarizes her contribution in the finding “that humans have a more complex motivational structure …

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Global Production Networks, Relational Proximity, And The Sociospatial Dynamics Of Market Internationalization In Bolivia's Wood Products Sector, James T. Murphy Jan 2012

Global Production Networks, Relational Proximity, And The Sociospatial Dynamics Of Market Internationalization In Bolivia's Wood Products Sector, James T. Murphy

Geography

This article advances conceptualizations of global production networks (GPNs) through an analysis of the relational processes that firms in Bolivia's growing wood products industry use to build ties to international markets. Both large- and small-scale manufacturers are increasingly internationalizing their operations in response to the global demand for tropical hardwoods and decentralization of control over the country's forest resources. These firms use four different types of production networks and networking practices to develop international market ties. Each of these networks is distinguishable by its entry barriers, value-creation possibilities, upgrading strategies, and the cognitive, social, and cultural factors that influence who …

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Accelerating Anthropogenic Land Surface Change And The Status Of Pleistocene Drumlins In New England, Deborah W. Woodcock, John S. Rogan, Samuel D. Blanchard Jan 2012

Accelerating Anthropogenic Land Surface Change And The Status Of Pleistocene Drumlins In New England, Deborah W. Woodcock, John S. Rogan, Samuel D. Blanchard

Geography

Drumlins are glacially derived landforms that are prominent in the landscape over much of southern New England. We carried out a comprehensive ground-based survey in a three-town study area in eastern Massachusetts with the goals of establishing the extent to drumlins have been altered and assessing the associated environmental consequences and probable driving factors. Results show that many drumlins have been significantly altered through levelling and truncation (creation of steep cut and fill slopes), with projects involving movement of 1-1.5×106 m3 of earth materials not now uncommon. Stormwater and wetlands infractions were documented at all the larger excavation sites and …

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Error Propagation In Raster Data Integration: Impacts On Landscape Composition And Configuration, Zachary J. Christman, John Rogan Jan 2012

Error Propagation In Raster Data Integration: Impacts On Landscape Composition And Configuration, Zachary J. Christman, John Rogan

Geography

Integrating raster-based categorical maps from multiple sources necessitates the transformation of geometric characteristics to compare maps, as in land change analyses. By projecting maps to a new geographic reference framework and scaling pixel values to a new size, distortions of map information are introduced that can affect the proportion and arrangement of thematic classes across the landscape. Using a sample land cover dataset depicting a heterogeneous landscape, this paper examines these impacts using three common raster-based transformation methods and introduces a new vector-based method that minimizes error propagation. While relative class area was best preserved by a nearest-neighbor resampling method, …

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Making A Way: Music In An African American Congregation, Emily Miller-Todd Jan 2012

Making A Way: Music In An African American Congregation, Emily Miller-Todd

Honors Program Theses

When I began brainstorming ideas for my research, I was initially drawn towards a general study of music's role in church settings. As a music major and religion minor, this topic appeared to be the most obvious way I could combine my interests and apply them to a research project. Broadly speaking, I was interested in describing the role of music in a worship setting and the meaning members of the congregation found in music. In addition, I wanted to develop a research project that allowed me a more thoroughly experiential understanding of music in a congregation through personal participation …

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Cognitive Maps And The Confidence-Accuracy Relation In Eyewitness Identification, Hannah Mazoe Paul Jan 2012

Cognitive Maps And The Confidence-Accuracy Relation In Eyewitness Identification, Hannah Mazoe Paul

Honors Program Theses

Cognitive maps are map-like representations of a spatial environment. Eyewitnesses are often asked to create a cognitive map of a crime scene so that it can be submitted as evidence in a criminal trial. Another key piece of evidence provided by an eyewitness is a description of the perpetrator which is used to acquire eyewitness identification. To the best of our knowledge, the correlation between cognitive maps and eyewitness identification has never been empirically investigated. The present study asserts the hypothesis that complex cognitive maps are positively correlated with correct eyewitness identifications. This hypothesis has been formulated off previous research …

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Effect Of Birth Order Placement On Tendency Toward General Deviance, Nichole Rae Reese Jan 2012

Effect Of Birth Order Placement On Tendency Toward General Deviance, Nichole Rae Reese

Honors Program Theses

Most of the research conducted on birth order placement has dealt with characteristics such as ambition, responsibility, leadership, athleticism, and so on. I focused my research on the effect of birth order placement on a tendency toward committing general deviant acts. I reviewed and analyzed previous research regarding this topic conducted by researchers and social scientists. I then conducted my own research study by administering a general deviance questionnaire to forty University of Northern Iowa students. After analyzing the survey results using the data analysis program, SPSS, I found that my hypothesis of firstborn individuals committing less general deviant acts …

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