Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Recall Latencies, Confidence, And Output Positions Of True And False Memories: Implications For Recall And Metamemory Theories, Jerwen Jou

Psychological Science Faculty Publications

Recall latency, recall accuracy rate, and recall confidence were examined in free recall as a function of recall output serial position using a modified Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm to test a strength-based theory against the dual-retrieval process theory of recall output sequence. The strength theory predicts the item output sequence to be in the descending order of memory strength. The dual-retrieval process theory postulates two phases in a free recall, a first direct access phase in which items are output verbatim in the weakest-to-strongest order (cognitive triage) and a second reconstructive phase in which reconstructed items are output in the strongest-to-weakest order. …

Making Transparency Work, Ann Florini

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

A commentary on Gupta and Mason, who provide a valuable service in highlighting the complex andcontested nature of transparency as a tool of governance. In an era in which information flows and information technology play such fundamental roles, andin which norms about who has the right to know what are so rapidly changing,transparency clearly deserves its place as, in Gupta’s words, “a key concept of ourtimes.”

Reaping The Rewards Of Diversity: The Role Of Identity Integration, Chi-Ying Cheng, Melissa Sanders, Jeffrey Sanchez-Burks, Kristine Molina, Fiona Lee, Emily Darling, Yu Zhao

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

How does diversity affect individuals and the groups in which they are embedded? This article examines this question using recent theory and research on Identity Integration (II). II refers to an individual's perceptions about whether two distinct social identities, or social groups to which individuals belong, are viewed as compatible (high II) or not (low II). A review of extant research suggests that individuals with high II are better at simultaneously accessing multiple identities and identity-related knowledge and have improved well-being and social outcomes. Expanding on this work, we argue that individuals who have higher II, and social collectives that …

The Effects That A One-To-One Laptop Initiative Has On Student Academic Performance And Achievement, Allen Aloys Burgad

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine how a one-to-one laptop initiative in a small, rural North Dakota school effected student academic performance based on the perceptions of participating students, teachers, and parents. Existing Northwest Evaluation Association Measure of Academic Progress student test results also were used to determine if the laptop initiative had any significant impact on student achievement in reading, language arts, and math. The primary focus of the study was based on pre-existing data regarding students', teachers', and parents' perceptions of academic performance versus academic achievement. Perceptions of academic performance were utilized by the researcher primarily …

Childless Women In The Plays Of William Inge, Tennessee Williams, And Edward Albee, Suzanne Macdonald Winkel

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation is an examination of three major twentieth-century American playwrights—William Inge, Tennessee Williams, Edward Albee—and their dramatic use of childless women characters in Come Back, Little Sheba (1950), Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1955), and Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1962) respectively. Although the plays of Inge, Williams, and Albee have been analyzed individually by numerous scholars, they have not been studied together as works about procreation and childlessness. The study's historical focus is the post World War II era during which time the three plays proposed for analysis were written and produced. Commonly called the baby boom …

Strategically Managing Resources And Revenue, Christine G. Springer

Public Policy and Leadership Faculty Research

The author reflects on the use of strategic management in the success of the United States Postal Service. She states that the U.S. Postal Service has used the breakthrough productivity scheme to reduce mail-processing costs and address retail locations and bulk-mail areas. She believes that the service is committed in gaining sustained success through the scheme and in serving its customers effectively.

Banking On Uncertainty: The Effects Of Institutional Quality On Commercial And Consumer Credit In Russian Regions, Katherine Ollenburger

Economics Honors Projects

Accompanying the recent credit market developments in Russia, banks have shifted their portfolios to a higher proportion of retail lending relative to commercial credit. This paper offers a microeconomic approach to explain this phenomenon, unsatisfactorily addressed in the literature. It focuses on the role of institutions in the rapid increase of individual lending. Using oblast level data from the Central Bank of Russia, it develops a model of lending decisions and uses time fixed effects to estimate the correlation between variations in institutional quality and increased loans to individuals.

Determinants Of The Non-Profit Sector Size: Cross-Countries Empirical Analysis, Subeycha Shrestha

Economics Honors Projects

The majority of studies on the growth of the nonprofit sector have focused only on the demand for nonprofit organizations. This paper attempts to understand the factors that create a demand for and supply of nonprofit organization. We cannot explain the recent increase in the number of nonprofits between countries without understanding the supply factors that facilitate or hinder their formation and operation. I examine the size of the nonprofit sector in 31 countries using supply side variables (government support, legal institutions and social capital) and traditional demand side factors (religious fractionalization, income per capita and government expenditure).

The Library As Experience: Interactive Components In An Architecture Library, Jason Aubin, Jeanne M. Brown

Library Faculty Presentations

For libraries to continue to exist they must create an experience which draws the patron back again and again — to both their virtual spaces and physical spaces.

This presentation concentrates on the physical ways a library, specifically in this case the Architecture Studies Library at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, can create experiences which enhance interactions — interaction between patron and materials, between patron and staff, and among patrons.

Inside Unlv, Grace Russell, Shane Bevell, Mamie Peers, Michelle Mouton

Inside UNLV

No abstract provided.

Patenting By Cleveland's Inventors: Critical Areas And Knowledge Flows, Iryna Lendel, Songpyo Kim

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

Regional competitive advantages can be created by deploying processes, product innovations, and/or improving the performance of companies. The concept of increasing returns to scale due to technology advances and the modern growth theory suggest that knowledge spillovers are passed through networks of people. Dense co-location of companies different from industries in large urban areas creates an environment for deploying new knowledge and increasing productivity of companies. Although the presence of mature industries is more often considered to be a burden than a resource of regional growth, a fair judgment about their true influence on economic development can be made if …

Northwest Ohio Manufacturing Brief, Jill S. Taylor

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

No abstract provided.

China’S Evolving Preoccupation With Stability And Its Role As The Primary Catalyst Of The Post-Mao Legal Reforms, Reid Tepfer

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

“Solidarity And Solidarność: A Search For The Person In Community”, Elizabeth Mary Johnson

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Lsuhsc Facilities Biweekly Update: May 2008, Lsuhsc Property And Facilities Management

LSUHSC Facilities Biweekly Updates: 2008

LSUHSC Facilities Biweekly Updates from May 9 and 23, 2008.

These updates describe damage and a timeline of repairs at the LSU Health Sciences Center - New Orleans campus due to Hurricane Katrina which made landfall August 29, 2005.

Lsuhsc Facilities Daily Update: May 2008, Lsuhsc Property And Facilities Management

LSUHSC Facilities Daily Updates: 2008

LSUHSC Dailly Facilities Updates from May 2008. These updates describe damage and a timeline of repairs at the LSU Health Sciences Center - New Orleans campus due to Hurricane Katrina which made landfall August 29, 2005.

Planning And Financial Literacy: How Do Women Fare?, Annamaria Lusardi, Olivia S. Mitchell

Dartmouth Scholarship

Many older US households have done little or no planning for retirement, and there is a substantial population that seems to undersave for retirement. Of particular concern is the relative position of older women, who are more vulnerable to old-age poverty due to their longer longevity. This paper uses data from a special module we devised on planning and financial literacy in the 2004 Health and Retirement Study. It shows that women display much lower levels of financial literacy than the older population as a whole. In addition, women who are less financially literate are also less likely to plan …

Law, Biology, And Property: A New Theory Of The Endowment Effect, Owen D. Jones, Sarah F. Brosnan

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

Recent work at the intersection of law and behavioral biology has suggested numerous contexts in which legal thinking could benefit by integrating knowledge from behavioral biology. In one of those contexts, behavioral biology may help to provide theoretical foundation for, and potentially increased predictive power concerning, various psychological traits relevant to law. This Article describes an experiment that explores that context.

The paradoxical psychological bias known as the endowment effect puzzles economists, skews market behavior, impedes efficient exchange of goods and rights, and thereby poses important problems for law. Although the effect is known to vary widely, there are at …

Resume Screening: A Policy Capturing Study Of Recruiter Judgments, Melinda Keith

All Theses

Previous research on the practice of rŽsumŽ screening has failed to yield consistent results that generalize to real life recruiting settings. The present study draws from previous research on rŽsumŽ evaluation and identifies the 5 most common variables on rŽsumŽs--Academic Achievement, Extracurricular Activity, Goal Statements, RŽsumŽ Presentation, and Work Experience. The structure comprising each of these 5 important elements was assessed. In this study, real rŽsumŽs submitted for actual entry-level positions posted through a college career center were used to determine which variables recruiters use in judgments of applicant suitability. Policy capturing was used to identify the judgment policies of …

Smile, But Don't Wear Yourself Out Doing So: Emotional Labor, Ego Depletion, Customer Anger, And Performance Over Time, Eric Mckibben

All Theses

The present study examined the motivational and performance consequences of emotional labor by having participants respond to multiple transactions in a simulated banking environment. Type of acting strategy (surface versus deep) and customer anger (high versus low) were manipulated to examine ego depletion and performance over time. Although prior research has examined these independent variables, no research has examined the relationships among the variables of interest over time. Study participants were randomly assigned to either one of four experimental groups (surface acting X angry customer, surface acting X non-angry customer, deep acting X angry customer, deep acting X non-angry customer) …

What Happens Monday?: The Impact Group Initiatives Have On Self-Appraised Problem-Solving Ability, Jessie Belter

All Theses

Effective problem solving is an essential skill for people to possess. Effective problem-solvers have fewer troubles when dealing with their problems and adjust to society better. Effective problem-solvers take the needed steps to solving their problems (Bloom and Broder, 1950; Heppner et al., 1982). Few studies have been conducted looking at the long-term effect of programs that have problem-solving as an anticipated outcome. The few that have (Gass & Priest, 2006; Hatch & McCarthy, 2005) have not been conclusive in their results. The current study looks at the impact of group initiative involvement on problem solving using the Problem Solving …

Neighborhood Environments And Depression: A Longitudinal Study, Jielu Lin

All Theses

Does a neighborhood affect individuals' depression levels? Despite a large amount of research suggesting the importance of neighborhood for mental health, there is a lack of longitudinal studies specifying the temporal association between them. The current study makes use of three waves of the American's Changing Lives (House, 1986a) dataset to examine the effect of neighborhood quality on depression across time and to investigate if social support buffers this effect. Particularly, the current study uses the interviewers' ratings of neighborhoods, along with the respondents' ratings to assess neighborhood effects more objectively. Besides examining people who did not move across all …

Culinary Omnivorousness: The Relationship Between Social Class And Food Consumption Patterns, Cassidy Conner

All Theses

Utilizing National Geographic's Survey2000 data set, this thesis investigates the intersection of social class and food consumption habits of Americans. Previous research identified the cultural omnivore as a new type of consumer who samples a wide variety of culture to show his membership in a higher social class (Peterson & Kern, 1996). This study focuses on one form of omnivorousness, culinary omnivorousness, to determine whether omnivorous food consumption patterns vary by social class. Three social classes are operationalized (highbrow omnivores, highbrow snobs, and lowbrows), and each class's consumption of three food types (universal foods, in-region foods, outside-region foods) is …

Ecological Interface Design In Variable Workload Multitasking, James Rubinstein

All Theses

This study was undertaken to examine the question of how well Ecological Interface Design (EID) would support operators of a multitasking work domains. Previous research has shown that EID can support better operator performance while controlling a simulated process. Recently, there has been some interest in applying EID to automobiles, planes, and other multitasking domains. This research aimed to answer a more basic question: whether or not people could detect errors using EID while trying to do well on a visual psychomotor task.
The experiment used two tasks. The first task involved monitoring errors in a simulated process control plant, …

Increasing Perceived Competence In Beginning Tennis Players: The Effects Of A Task Oriented Climate And Adaptive Learning Strategies, Alexander Koning

All Theses

Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to determine if the use of adaptive learning strategies increases the perception of competence of students in a leisure skills tennis class. The complex motor skills of tennis negatively influence a beginning player's demonstration of competence and motivation. Player's self efficacy, goal orientation, and environment are linked to perceived competence, participation, effort, and enjoyment. Lowering functional task difficulty, use of modeling, and use of feedback should increase perceived competence of students. Trying to improve oneself (Task goal orientation) and being in a climate that encourages this (mastery motivational climate) are positively linked …

Chain Reaction: The Indirect Effects Of Climate Change On Maritime Activity, John Ridout

All Theses

Global climate change has the potential to alter the environment as well as the ways humans interact with it. Specifically, scientists can quickly imagine the effects of global warming in the ocean environment, but a secondary impact will be how humans adapt to this changed world. Ice clearance will lead to navigable Arctic waterways and more potential polar shipping routes. Increased shipping routes will alter or increase global shipping activity. Existing port activity will increase to meet new economic demands, but much of that activity will be concentrated outside Arctic waters. The changes will also affect the ecosystems of these …

The Power Of Initiation: Gubernatorial Proposals In Economic Development Policy, Charles Taylor

All Dissertations

A governor's role as chief legislator is based on his ability to recommend legislation and then use his powers to have his proposals enacted and implemented as public policies. Many gubernatorial scholars contend that this legislative role allows governors to exert greater influence than other political actors on state public policies (Bernick and Wiggins 1991; Herzik 1991; Sanford 1967). Other scholars argue that the ability of governors to exercise policy leadership may be overstated, because factors outside of a governor's direct control may constrain his policy choices (DiLeo 1997; Gross 1991). In this study, I assess the influence of these …

Instructional Proxemics: Creating A Place For Space In Instructional Communication Discourse, John Mcarthur

All Dissertations

Changes in strategies of teaching and learning, changes in students, and changes in technology have necessitated contemporary changes in spaces of learning. Grounded in the general model of instructional communication (McCroskey, Valencic, & Richmond, 2004), this study proposes Instructional Proxemics as a conceptual framework for assessing the instructional environment through a blending of instructional communication and information/user-experience design. In a field-experiment involving five instructors teaching 15 sections of Public Speaking, students (n = 234) were invited to respond to a survey assessing measures of student learning, teacher behaviors, classroom practices, and classroom perceptions.
Results of this study indicate that learning …

Essays On International Trade, Volha Baranava

All Dissertations

This dissertation is composed of two essays. The first uses the gravity equation and data on bilateral trade to investigate colonial patterns. The second also uses bilateral trade and the gravity model. The inquiry in the second essay concerns the causal relation between trade and government expenditures. In addition to bilateral trading pattern, data on tariffs and trade tax revenues is also examined.

Characteristics Of Head Mounted Displays And Their Effects On Simulator Sickness, Jason Moss

All Dissertations

Characteristics of head-mounted displays (HMDs) and their effects on simulator sickness (SS) and presence were investigated. Update delay and wide field of views (FOV) have often been thought to elicit SS. With the exception of Draper et al. (2001), previous research that has examined FOV has failed to consider image scale factor, or the ratio between physical FOV of the HMD display and the geometric field of view (GFOV) of the virtual environment (VE). The current study investigated update delay, image scale factor, and peripheral vision on SS and presence when viewing a real-world scene. Participants donned an HMD and …