Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Reducing Stigma And Discrimination In Hospitals: Positive Findings From India, Vaishali Sharma Mahendra, Laelia Gilborn, Bitra George, Luke Samson, Rupa Mudoi, Sarita Jadav, Indrani Gupta, Shalini Bharat, Celine Daly

HIV and AIDS

People living with HIV (PLHIV) in India face stigma and discrimination in a variety of contexts. Stigma and discrimination against HIV-positive people is common in hospitals and acts as a barrier to seeking and receiving critical treatment and care services. Three New Delhi hospitals, SHARAN, and the Horizons Program collaborated on an operations research project to assess responses to hospital-based stigma and discrimination against PLHIV. A baseline survey to measure HIV/AIDS-related attitudes, knowledge, and practices was conducted in 2000 with a random sample of 884 health workers from four departments: medicine, STD and skin, obstetrics and gynecology, and surgery. Based …

Expanding Pediatric Access To Antiretroviral Therapy In South Africa, Desiree Michaels, Brian Eley, Lewis Ndhlovu, Naomi Rutenberg, Hena Khan

HIV and AIDS

In sub-Saharan Africa, AIDS has become one of the leading causes of death among children under the age of five years. Yet, despite increased availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART), children have been largely ignored or excluded from treatment initiatives. While efforts to get more children on treatment are increasing, important information is lacking to guide program and policy implementation. To address these gaps, the Horizons Program and the University of Cape Town conducted a rapid situational analysis in 2005 of pediatric HIV treatment sites in South Africa. In 2003, the South African government approved a plan for a national HIV …

Yaari Dosti: Young Men Redefine Masculinity, A Training Manual [Hindi], Horizons Program, Coro For Literacy, Mamta, Instituto Promundo

HIV and AIDS

This training manual, developed by the Population Council in collaboration with Instituto PROMUNDO, CORO for Literacy, MAMTA, and DAUD promotes gender equity and addresses masculinity as a strategy for the prevention of HIV. Adapted from the “Program H: Working with Young Men Series” developed in Brazil by Instituto PROMUNDO, it promotes the positive aspects of masculinity, encourages men’s participation in sexual and reproductive health, promotes respect for sexual diversity, and improves understanding of the body and sexuality. In this manual, HIV prevention is addressed within the larger framework of gender roles and relationships. Gender disparity, widely prevalent in Indian society …

Context And Dynamics Of Same-Sex Behavior Among Long-Distance Truckers In India: Findings From Qualitative Research, Vaishali Sharma Mahendra, Ravi K. Verma, Pertti J. Pelto, Sarat Chandra Pradhan, Vibha Singh, Asha Rao, Tarun Vij

HIV and AIDS

It is well established that truckers (drivers and helpers) have higher rates of nonmarital sex than any other occupational group. Because of this multipartner sexual activity, truckers form a key group of prevention efforts for HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Thus far, HIV/STI prevention interventions for truckers have been geared to providing risk-reduction information and services within a heterosexual context. Recent evidence suggests that a significant number of truckers engage in male-to-male (MSM) sexual activity that has implications for HIV/STI transmission. Therefore, information on the nature and extent of MSM activity among these populations is urgently needed for the …

Context And Dynamics Of Male-To-Male Sexual Behavior Of Truckers In India: Findings From A Multi-Site Qualitative Research Study, Ravi K. Verma, Vaishali Sharma Mahendra, Pertti J. Pelto, Sarat Chandra Pradhan, Vibha Singh

HIV and AIDS

It is well established that truckers (drivers and helpers) have higher rates of nonmarital sex than any other occupational group. Because of this multipartner sexual activity, truckers form a key group for HIV/STI prevention efforts. Thus far, HIV/STI prevention interventions for truckers have been geared to providing risk-reduction information and services within a heterosexual context. Recent evidence suggests that a large number of truckers engage in male-to-male (MSM) sexual activity that has serious implications for HIV/STI transmission. Therefore, information on the nature and extent of MSM activity among these populations is urgently needed for the design and implementation of comprehensive …

Gender Difference And Test Anxiety, Leann Chandler

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This study compared male and female students in the 4th, 6th, and 10th grades to see which sex had more test anxiety. The students are from a rural town in Southeastern Ohio. A total of 85 students filled out the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale. The students were given the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) two weeks prior to, one week prior to, and one week after the Ohio Fourth and Ohio Sixth Grade Proficiency Tests and the Ohio Graduation Test (OGT). The hypotheses of this study are that the 10th grade females will have greater test anxiety than …

Review Of The Book : "What's Where" In Manchu Literature, Thomas W. Larsen

Library Faculty and Staff Publications and Presentations

A review of the book "What's where" in Manchu literature by Giovanni Stary

Book Review Of Diversity In Language: Contrastive Studies In English And Arabic Theoretical And Applied Linguistics. Edited By Zeinab M. Ibrahim, Sabiha T. Aydelott And Nagwa Kassabgy., Kristen Kern

Library Faculty and Staff Publications and Presentations

Book review of Diversity in Language: Contrastive studies in English and Arabic theoretical and applied linguistics. Edited by Zeinab M. Ibrahim, Sabiha T. Aydelott and Nagwa Kassabgy.

The Southern Family Farm As Endangered Species: Possibilities For Survival In Barbara Kingsolver's Prodigal Summer, Suzanne W. Jones

English Faculty Publications

At the same time some southern studies scholars are positioning the U.S. South in a larger cultural, historic, and economic region that encompasses the Caribbean and Latin America, some southern environmentalist writers, such as long-time essayist and novelist Wendell Berry and activist-turned-memoirist Janisse Ray, are finding a pressing need to focus on smaller bioregions and the locatedness of the human subject. These writers believe that agribusiness and consumer ignorance are driving small farmers out of business and that clear-cutting timber and farming practices dependent on chemicals are threatening local ecosystems. Best-selling novelist Barbara Kingsolver has joined their ranks. With her …

Configuration Of The Law Library Of The Future, Penny Hazelton

Chapters in Books

No abstract provided.

Overcoming Cultural And Linguistic Barriers In Providing Adequate Speech-Language Pathology Services To U.S. Latinos, Allison Carolan

Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006)

While these problems in health care and education are seemingly innumerable and heavily debated in every branch of American politics today, this review will focus primarily on the smaller realm of Speech-Language Pathology, and how Latinos are affected by America's inadequacies in this increasingly imperative discipline that lies beneath the umbrellas of health and education.

Review Of A Community-Based Youth Counselling Service, Kevin Lalor, Sinead O'Dwyer, Denis Mccrann

Articles

The structure and operation of a community-based youth counselling service operated by the Kildare Youth Services (KYS) is examined with a view to highlighting its preventative nature. Presenting problems are explored, in the context of the wider social milieu. Particularly, recent trends in sexual behaviour, substance abuse and child sexual abuse are examined. Interviews were conducted with a sample of professionals who referred clients, patients and students to the KYS Youth Counselling Service. Interviews were also conducted with a small sample of clients of the service and with the counsellor-coordinator of the Youth Counselling Service. The service was viewed positively …

Childhood Sexual Abuse Among University Students In Tanzania, Denis Mccrann, Kevin Lalor, Joviter K. Katabaro

Articles

Objectives: There are no prevalence data for childhood sexual abuse among Tanzanian university students. This investigation addressed this paucity. The nature of sexual abuse was also investigated. Method: Participants (N= 487) from a university in Tanzania completed a questionnaire which assessed abusive childhood sexual experiences, gathering information about age of victim, duration of abuse, perpetrators, amount of force or persuasion involved, and potential causes of child sexual abuse. A number of individuals were also interviewed about their experiences. Results: The overall prevalence rate for child sexual abuse was 27.7%, with rates being higher for females than for males. The average …

Predicting A Currency Crisis Alternative Approaches And Applications To The Philippines, Fernando Antonio Iv Castillo

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

An arrival of a currency crisis can be anticipated through a comprehensive and properly specified Early Warning System (“EWS”). The costs that entail with experiencing a currency crisis far exceed the costs of spending a considerable amount of time to developing an EWS. In a report done by the IMF(1998), they estimated that emerging economies suffer an 8% cumulative loss in real output during a severe currency crisis. Likewise, evidence suggests that a simple look at traditional market indicators of currency and default risks will not provide much advance warning of an impending currency crisis. In a study done by …

Whether It’S Coins, Fringe, Or Just Stuff That’S Sparkly': Aesthetics And Utility In A Tribal Fusion Belly Dance Troupe’S Costumes, Jeana Jorgensen

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

As both a scholar and a belly dancer, I believe that belly dance is recognizable on aesthetic grounds. In addition to the movements that belly dancers typically perform—muscle isolations, undulations, graceful hand motions and turns, and lots of hip work—belly dancers wear costumes that are visually identifiable as belly dance costumes. While this description may seem tautological, there are recognizable standards both in the public sphere and among dancers for what constitutes the belly dance image—or images, as belly dance is a diverse phenomenon that encompasses teaching, learning, performing, watching, socializing, and costuming.

Kate 2006 Winter, Colleen Tappel, Barbara Dewitt, Jen Knox, Whitney Prose, Amber Robertson, Ruth Garrett, Christeen Stridsberg, Shannon Lakanen, Mac Mcgowan, Julie Eaton, Abby Gaurd, Sarah Jacobson, Geetha Nagarajan, Jane Wu, Suzanne Ashworth, Jennifer Roberts, Glenna S. Jackson

Kate

Each year, kate seeks to:

• explore ideas about normative gender, sex, and sexuality
• work against oppression and hierarchies of power in any and all forms
• serve as a voice for race and gender equity as well as queer positivity
• encourage the silent to speak and feel less afraid
• build a zine and community that we care about and trust

Servant-Leadership: Creating An Alternative Future, Peter Block

International Journal of Servant-Leadership

[Technician asks Peter if he needs technology.] I don't need any of that, no. No power and no point; I'm a free man. [Laughter.] Anyway, thank you. I like being here, I chose to come like you did, and so it's an honor for me to be here. I have great respect for you, Larry [looking over to Larry Spears]; somehow you've managed to advance things and bring an idea into the world without commercializing it. And in this modern day that's quite a miracle. Most of the ideas, once they get commercialized, lose their substance. They lose their meaning. …

Servant-Leadership: Reflection On A 30-Year Partnership Of The Spirit, Ann Mcgee-Cooper, Duane Trammell, Gary Looper

International Journal of Servant-Leadership

This is a story about serendipity, synergy and synchronicity. Thirty years ago, three lives converged as a result of a chance meeting. Their collective calling gave birth to a vision that has transformed three generations of leaders. Robert K. Greenleaf rose to a challenge from his economics professor to find ways to transform the dysfunction within large businesses and organizations by working from the inside. He captured the imagination of many with his seminal essay, The Servant as Leader. In it, he thoughtfully delineated a practical philosophy of leadership that was dramatically different from the traditional model of the "egocentric" …

Servant-Leadership And Vulnerability: A Brief Interview With Bill Robinson, Bill Robinson

International Journal of Servant-Leadership

1. Greenleaf refers to love as essential to both the servant and the leader in generating legitimate power in the self, the organization, the community, and the world. Emerson furthers this point when he proposed the following: mediocre people want to be loved; true people are lovely. How does love influence your own leadership and your way offollowing others? I think I'm probably influenced by some kind of twisted, quid pro quo love, but I don't find the agape version showing up too often. When my oldest daughter was a senior in high school, she hung out with a friend …

Spirituality And Leadership Among College Freshmen, Barry Posner, Charles Slater, Mike Boone

International Journal of Servant-Leadership

Over a century ago, Ralph Waldo Emerson bragged to Henry Thoreau that "at Harvard they teach all branches of learning." Thoreau responded, "Yes, but they don't teach the roots" (Jacobs, 1991, p. 277). This sort of commentary continues to this day as a growing number of scholars and practitioners argue that the roots of effective leadership are grounded in the spiritual dimension of individual leaders ( e.g., Conger, 1994; Marcie, 1997; Mitroff & Denton, 1999). While hundreds of articles and books about spirituality and the workplace are now appearing, most are theory-based or anecdotal (Strack, 2001). Very little quantitative and …

Evolving Leadership: Servant-Leadership In The Political World, Harris W. Fawell

International Journal of Servant-Leadership

An interesting experience about how leadership can work in modern businesses occurred when I was a Member of Congress. It involved legislation entitled the Teamwork of Employees and Management Act (Team Act) that was introduced in Congress at the request of a group of employers. The employers sought to amend the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) to allow teams of their employees to determine terms and conditions of their employment.

Magis Leadership: Toward An Active Ontology Of The Heart Through Appreciative Inquiry And Servant-Leadership, Karen Norum

International Journal of Servant-Leadership

There are many emerging models of leadership. Transactional, transformational, command and control, facilitative, situational, contingency, charismatic, servant, relational, strengths-based, values-based, and principled are but a few of them. Many of these models focus on the person who is the leader: the one who is in charge, whom others follow, who holds a certain position in a hierarchy, or who has some sort of influence. The models tend to outline characteristics, behaviors, and attributes of leaders with the focus on individualistic and positional aspects of leadership (Heifetz, 1994; Schall, Ospina, Godsoe, & Dodge, 2004). While this is useful, the focus on …

Book Review: Presence: An Exploration Of Profound Change In People, Organizations, And Society, Kurt S. Takamine

International Journal of Servant-Leadership

Imagine you are sitting in a living room with Peter Senge (The Fifth Discipline and The Dance of Change), C. Otto Scharmer (Helsinki School of Economics), Joseph Jaworski (Synchronicity: The Inner Path of Leadership), and Betty Sue Flowers (Professor of English, University of Texas at Austin) as they discuss topics such as "transformational change" and "deeper levels of learning." In this conversation, the authors not only share current research in the field of organizational learning, but reveal their personal insights and frustrations as well. This is the setting for their book, Presence.

“One Of Us Lost Our Frame Of Reference”: How Greenleaf’S Concepts Of Healing, Building Community, And Empathy Deal With Prejudice And Racism In The Film Crash, Kurt Takamine

International Journal of Servant-Leadership

In L.A., nobody touches you. We're always behind this metal and glass. I think we miss that touch so much-that we crash into each other just so we can feel something. -Detective Graham Thus begins the opening dialogue of Detective Graham Waters, the main character portrayed by Oscar nominee Don Cheadle. Through his character's eyes, the audience is introduced to the blatant racism that supposedly occurs in this Southern Californian metropolis. The ugliness of prejudice is dealt with in a non-politically correct and "no-holds barred" approach. The images are often deeply disturbing, and decidedly tragic, but most people will be …

Evaluating The Contributions Of State Of The Art Assessment Techniques To Predicting Memory Outcome After Unilateral Anterior Temporal Lobectomy, Tara T. Lineweaver, Harold H. Morris, Richard I. Naugle, Imad M. Najm, Beate Diehl, William Bingaman

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Purpose:Although anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) is an effective treatment for many patients with medically refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), one risk associated with this procedure is postsurgical decline in memory. A substantial number of past studies examined factors that predict memory decline after surgery, but few have investigated multiple predictors simultaneously or considered measures that are currently in use.

Methods: This study compared the relative contributions made by presurgical neuropsychological test scores, MRI-based hippocampal volumetric analysis, and Wada test results to predicting memory outcome after ATL in a group of 87 patients.

Results: Logistic regression analyses indicated that noninvasive …

Na(T)Ive Orthographies And Language Endangerment: Two Case Studies From Siberia, K. David Harrison, G. D. S. Anderson

Linguistics Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

The Inaugural Issue Of The Journal Of Knowledge And Best Practices In Juvenile Justice And Psychology

Contemporary Issues in Juvenile Justice

No abstract provided.

Addiction And Substance Abuse In Nevada, An-Pyng Sun, Larry Ashley

Social Health of Nevada Reports

Substance abuse is known to cause a host of problems for individual users, their communities, and society as a whole. Its cost is staggering, as measured by lost productivity, medical illness, serious injuries, and premature death, as well as by resources required to run criminal justice system and special education programs (Meara & Frank, 2005). The substance abuse problem is global in scope. Consider these figures released by the United Nations’ 2005 World Drug Report[WDR] (United Nations, Office on Drug and Crime, 2005),

• In 2003-2004, about 200 million people, or 5% of the world’s population age 15-64, had used illicit …

Does Food Stamp Receipt Mediate The Relationship Between Food Insufficiency And Mental Health?, Colleen Heflin, James P. Ziliak

University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research Discussion Paper Series

Although the Food Stamp Program is the largest entitlement program remaining in the social safety net, comparatively little is known about the potential benefits that the program may confer on recipients. In this paper we examine an important dimension of well being, mental health, and the extent to which participation in the Food Stamp Program may attenuate the effect of food insufficiency on levels of emotional distress. Using longitudinal data from a nationally representative sample of families in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) we model emotional distress as a function of food insufficiency and other known risk factors …

Professional Psychology And The Doctrines Of Sin And Grace: Christian Leaders’ Perspectives, Mark R. Mcminn, Janeil N. Ruiz, David Marx, J. Brooke Wright, Nicole B. Gilbert

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

What is a professional psychologist to do when a client brings up the concept of sin? To some, sin may seem like a stifling religious relic that has no place in contemporary psychology. But viewing sin from within the Christian faith, and in tandem with the doctrine of grace, can help psychologists understand why sin is such an important concept for many of their Christian clients. Psychologists’ misunderstanding of sin and grace may contribute to relatively low rates of referral from Christian leaders to clinical psychologists, and may sometimes hinder therapeutic progress. Two methods of data collection, involving a total …