Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Allocation Of Parental Care Among The Ye'kwana, Raymond B. Hames

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

It is well known that human children require more care or parental investment than any other primate species (Lancaster and Lancaster 1983). While this dimension of human behavior is well documented in the psychological literature for Euroamerican populations (Babchuck et al. 1985), it has received scant, quantitative attention by anthropologists working among tribal populations (for exceptions see Whiting and Whiting 1975, Katz and Konner 1981, Hurtado et al. 1985, Hewlett, this volume (Chapter 16), Turke, this volume (Chapter 10)). The role of alloparental care (care of non-offspring children) has received even less quantitative attention by social scientists (for a review …

Unpleasant Facts: The Supreme Court's Response To Empirical Research On Capital Punishment, Phoebe C. Ellsworth

Book Chapters

Slowly at first, and then with accelerating frequency, the courts have begun to examine, consider, and sometimes even require empirical data. From 1960 to 1981, for example, use of the terms "statistics" and "statistical" in Federal District and Circuit Court opinions increased by almost 15 times.1 Of course, citation rates indicate only that a topic is considered worthy of mention, not that it is taken seriously, or even understood. Nonetheless, in a number of areas, such as jury composition and employment discrimination, the courts have come to rely on empirical data as a matter of course.

In the last 25 …

A New Name For A Continuing Publication, Marilyn D. Bachmann, Roger W. Bachmann

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

With this issue, the former Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science becomes The Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science, a change which coincides with the l00th annual meeting of the Academy. This concludes a process started in 1971 when the Proceedings became a quarterly periodical which also included papers that had not been presented at the previous annual meeting.

Impact Of Biotechnology On Agriculture Productivity, Roger A. Kleese

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Biotechnology is a diverse array of technologies which today are in various stages of evolution and development. To understand them and the potential application of these technologies to agriculture, it is helpful to consider them in a historical perspective. In addition, it is important to understand the interdependence of biotechnologies on traditional, well developed technologies. The commercial development of biotechnology is more difficult than imagined even as recently as five years ago. Also, the problems being addressed generally demand a much better understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the plant and animal systems under study. Nonetheless, there is a …

Biotechnology: A Dilemma For Land-Grant Institutions, A. David Kline

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

There is at least a prima facie moral tension between universities asserting land-grant principles and simultaneously sponsoring biotechnology. The core of the problem is the likely deleterious economic effects of biotechnology on rural communities -- the very constituency whose welfare is supposedly promoted by land-grant institutions. Considered are a number of responses to this tension including efforts to show that the tension is only apparent or that it can be eliminated through various public policies. It is argued that these "solutions" fail.

The upshot is that if the land-grant label is to be taken seriously, those institutions should begin allocating …

Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Cover - Table Of Contents

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Fish Eradication And Game-Fish Restocking In A Central Iowa Pond, Dennis L. Scarnecchia

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Changes in fish community and population structure associated with fish eradication and subsequent restocking were investigated in a small (0. 25 ha) impoundment in Boone County, Iowa. In September 1985, when fish were eradicated with rotenone, the fish community consisted of eight species. Large numbers of small bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus), green sunfish (Lepomis ryanellus), and stunted crappies (Pomoxis spp.) dominated the pond numerically, but seven large carp (Cyprinus carpio) and 18 large bigmouth buffalo (lctiobus ryprinellus) constituted 80% of the total biomass. The only quality angling (popular species of desirable size) was for a few largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and …

Solvent Effects In Room Temperature Phosphorescence, Shane J. Helsenbeck, Catherine Haustein

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Room temperature phosphorescence (R TP) analysis is a technique in which solutions containing organic phosphors are applied to filter paper and dried in the absence of oxygen. Adsorption to the paper inhibits molecular vibrations and promotes phosphorescence. Although the solvent must be removed by volatilization before phosphorescence can occur, it appears that the nature of the solvent affects the intensity of the resulting phosphorescence. We examined the room temperature phosphorescence of p-aminobenzoic acid which had been dissolved in water, organic solvents, or mixtures of water and organic solvents. It was found that solvent volatility had little correlation with RTP intensity …

Back Cover

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Using Life History And Ecology As Tools To Manage A Threatened Salamander Species, Scott R. Mcwilliams, Marilyn D. Bachmann

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Selected aspects of the life history and ecology of the small-mouthed salamander (Ambystoma texanum Matthes) relevant to the management of this threatened species in Iowa are presented. The population studied utilizes flooded woodland habitat during courtship, breeding and egg laying, and during the entire larval period. Larval foraging strategies in this habitat included ontogenetic but no diel shifts in prey selection. Synchronous, nocturnal breeding migration allowed effective use of drift fences fur capture of adults used in captive breeding, courtship behavior studies, and the estimation of breeding population size. Large numbers of spennatophores, apparently indiscriminate mate choice, and the relatively …

Soil N Availability And Nitrogen Harvest Index Of Oats, N. Md. Kairudin, K. J. Frey

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

A population of 480 random lines of oats (Avena sativa L.) was grown on soil that received no application of nitrogen (N) or 112 kg of N ha^-1 (defined as low- and high-N environments, respectively) to evaluate the effect of N availability in the soil on the plant's ability to partition N between vegetative tissue and the grain, a ratio defined as nitrogen harvest index. Also, comparisons were made between low and high-N environments for grain yield, straw yield, biological yield, groat protein yield, groat protein percentage, vegetative protein yield, straw protein percentage, total plant protein yield, and harvest …

Cover - Table Of Contents

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Journal Of The Iowa Academy Of Science Submission Form And Instruction Sheet

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Seasonal Composition Of Benthic Diatom Associations In The Cedar River Basin (Iowa), Stephen P. Main

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

This is the first detailed report on the taxonomy and ecology of diatoms in the portion of the upper reaches of the Cedar River basin in Iowa. This paper describes the diatom taxa from shallow benthic substrata collected quarterly between 11 October 1975 and 19 February 1977 at 14 sampling stations. Just over 500 frustules were counted from each of the 216 samples obtained. Analysis of water samples collected at the same time as the diatoms indicates these screams have alkaline hard waters rich in nutrients with extreme turbidity level fluctuation at irregular intervals.

The 281 diatom taxa identified represented …

Reevaluating Evidence For The Pre-Lllinoian Entrenchment Of Northeastern Iowa River Valleys, Curtis M. Hudak

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Previous workers have proposed a pre-Illinoian age for the deepest bedrock entrenchment of northeastern Iowa valleys. Lines of evidence used to support a pre-Illinoian age of entrenchment are: (1) deep bedrock-entrenchment interpreted to take "long" periods of time, (2) "valleys" filled with "red-weathered drift", which was interpreted as "old", (3) differences in cross-valley profiles supposedly related to glacial advances, (4) thick beds of gravel could only be deposited by outwash streams, and (5) glacially buried (drift-filled) bedrock valleys exist outside of the Paleozoic Plateau to the west and south. These inferences are questionable because: ( 1) erosion (entrenchment) rates are …

The Status Of Three Uncommon Salamanders (Amphibia: Caudata) In Iowa, Jeffery D. Camper

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

The smallmouth salamander [Ambystoma texanum (Matthes)], blue-spotted salamander (Ambystoma laterale Hallowell), and central newt [Notophthalmus viridescens louisianensis (Wolterstorff)] were studied in Iowa from fall 1982 through summer 1984. All three species have declined in abundance in Iowa. A. texanum is more abundant and widespread than was previously suspected, but is declining due to habitat destruction. Apparently, only two populations of A. laterale remain in Iowa. N. v. louisianensis has also declined due to habitat destruction, with only three populations known. All three species require ponds in or adjacent to forest. A. ta was found primarily in riparian …

Table Of Contents

Explorations in Ethnic Studies

Table of contents for Explorations in Ethnic Studies, Number 11, Issue 2, 1988

Ethnic And Women's Studies: An Attempt At Educating The Academy, Lillian H. Jones

Explorations in Ethnic Studies

As I have written before in other places, the Ethnic and Women's Studies Department at California State Polytechnic University, Pomona is a unique academic department in its history, structure, and ultimately in its agenda. The fact that Ethnic and Women's Studies are combined in a setting where the two disciplines are more frequently suspicious if not hostile to each other is unusual and owes its partnership to the history of the university where it exists and to particular individuals who conceived it. This combination, while certainly subject to both political and philosophical criticism from a variety of voices and interests, …

[Review Of] Gary Clayton Anderson. Little Crow: Spokesman For The Sioux, Kathleen Danker

Explorations in Sights and Sounds

As Gary Anderson notes in the introduction to his recent history of the life of the Dakota Sioux leader Little Crow, writing Native American biography is a difficult undertaking. Because of the scarcity of direct source material about major portions of the life and thought of their subjects, historians have generally attempted full-scale biographies of only a few such widely-known men as Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull. Yet, the value of individual biography in humanizing history, dispelling mass cultural stereotypes, and elucidating interethnic relations is so great that Anderson's solid, well-researched, and readable life of Little Crow is indeed welcome.

[Review Of] Katherine Spencer Halpern, Mary E. Holt, And Susan Brown Mcgreevy.Guide To The Microfilm Edition Of The Washington Matthews Papers, Paul G. Zolbrod

Explorations in Sights and Sounds

Today it is being argued that ethnology and literature intersect in some useful ways. Yet Washington Matthews demonstrated as much a century ago, before either of those disciplines had been developed within the American academic system. And although it has been overlooked, his achievement in having done so is considerable, as this potentially useful volume suggests.

[Review Of] Jenna Weissman Joselit. Our Gang: Jewish Crime And The New York Jewish Community, 1900-1940, Victoria Aarons

Explorations in Sights and Sounds

A book-length study of Jewish crime in the United States ventures into uncharted territory, because rarely have Jews been associated with crime; in fact, Jewish life and criminal activity have been considered antithetical categories. This historical injunction against violence and illegal acts is the very myth with which Joselit opens her well-documented study of criminal involvement among New York Jews, beginning with its immigrant origins and concluding with the rise of the Jewish middle class in the interwar years. The dominant socio-cultural imperatives against malfeasance among the Jewish population provides the structural frame in which Joselit describes, with detailed bibliographic …

[Review Of] Clifford I. Uyeda, Ed. Americans Of Japanese Ancestry And The United States Constitution: 1787-1987, Victor N. Okada

Explorations in Sights and Sounds

In 1987, the Smithsonian Institution, as part of its observance of the bicentennial of the Constitution, held an exhibit that traced the history of Japanese immigrants and their descendants in the United States. This book, which commemorates the exhibit, consists chiefly of black-and-white photographs, brief notes, and a detailed chronology of the Japanese in this country from 1806, when eight shipwrecked sailors arrived in Hawaii, to 1987, when Senator Daniel K. Inouye (Hawaii) presided over the joint House and Senate hearings into the Iran-Contra affair.

Capitalism And Democracy, Barry Schwartz

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Public And Private Self-Consciousness And Social Phobia, Debra A. Hope, Richard G. Heimberg

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The relationship between public and private self-consciousness and self-report questionnaires, clinician ratings, and various measures derived from an individualized simulation of an anxiety-provoking situation was examined in a sample of men and women seeking treatment for social phobia. As predicted, public, not private, self-consciousness was generally related to self-report and naive observer ratings of anxiety and to behavioral disruption during the simulation. The predicted relationship between public self-consciousness and how accurately subjects evaluated their performance in the anxiety-provoking situation was marginally supported. Hypotheses regarding the relationship between private self-consciousness and self-reported anxiety during an anxiety-provoking situation, and between private self-consciousness …

The Validity Of The Social Avoidance And Distress Scale And The Fear Of Negative Evaluation Scale With Social Phobic Patients, Richard G. Heimberg, Debra A. Hope, Ronald M. Rapee, Monroe A. Bruch

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Turner, McCanna and Beidel’s (1987) recent evaluation of the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS) and the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (FNE) with anxiety disordered patients concluded that the SADS and FNE lacked discriminant validity and may be inappropriate for subject selection or outcome evaluation in studies of social phobia . This paper raises some concerns with the interpretation of the data presented by Turner et al. (1987) and presents additional data from studies in our laboratories that may qualify their conclusions. It is asserted that (a) the SADS and FNE are not appropriate for diagnostic screening of social …

Alumnews, 1988, Alumni Association, Wright State University

AlumNews

Sixteen page issue of the AlumNews newsletter. This newsletter focuses on news about programs, events, and activities for alumni from Wright State University.

Alumnews, January/February 1988, Alumni Association, Wright State University

AlumNews

Twelve page issue of the AlumNews newsletter. This newsletter focuses on news about programs, events, and activities for alumni from Wright State University.

Bolinga Cultural Resources Center, Bolinga Cultural Resources Center

Bolinga Cultural Resources Center Brochures and Promotional Materials

A flyer that advertises the history and services of the center as well as related resources on campus.

Nexus, Winter 1988, Wright State University Community

Nexus Literary Journal

Nexus is a magazine that began as an insert in the Wright State Guardian student newspaper in 1965 and has since been published semi-regularly. It began only accepting creative writing, but has since expanded to include illustrations, photography and other non-written art forms. Today, it is published in a digital format and accepts submissions from around the country, though it maintains its commitment to the Wright State Community.