Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Exploring Emotion Regulation And Altruism When Experiencing Compassion Fatigue From Humanitarian Crises, Including Covid- 19., Saniya Tabani

Theses and Dissertations

Despite knowledge of devastating statistics, it has been observed that when hundreds, or even millions are suffering in large-scale crises, including genocides, refugee crises, and more recently, the COVID-19 pandemic, humans seem unable to process and comprehend the magnitude of that suffering on an emotional level. While the expectation is that compassion should increase proportionally with the number of people suffering in catastrophes, prior research has shown a negative relationship such that as need increases, donations decrease. Some factors that may impact this include the identifiable victim effect, use of emotion regulation strategies, specific cognitive processing styles, and compassion fatigue. …

Theory And Practice: Phonological Awareness Instructional Methods Used In Deaf Education, Mary Cantino

Theses and Dissertations

An inequality in literacy rates exists between deaf children and their hearing peers. Research indicates that visual phonic interventions such as Visual Phonics used alongside a phonics program enhances grapheme-phoneme correspondence. That practice in turn improves overall literacy achievement. However, as rates deaf literacy continue to lag ongoing research indicates that teachers may be ill prepared to use research-based interventions. This study seeks to identify the frequency of teacher implementation of Visual Phonics interventions as well as their exposure to these interventions via teacher education and professional development. This study will investigate if the presence of these elements by using …

The Impact Of Individual And Contextual Factors On L2 Writing Development: The Shifts In Written Corrective Feedback During Covid-19, Jordan Gonzalez

Theses and Dissertations

The novel COVID-19 pandemic has caused a rupture in the trajectory of education worldwide. Students, families and schools are experiencing unprecedented times and are navigating uncharted territory together in how we educate our students. In the U.S., it has been noted that the schism within education as a result of the pandemic is the biggest threat to national security (Choi, 2020), noting the importance of education within our democracy. This includes the trauma experienced by families due to deaths caused by the pandemic, the disproportionality of communities of color losing a parent (Brundage & Ramos-Callan, 2020), and the impact on …

Return To Play And Class For Concussed College Athletes Predicted From Post-Concussion Symptom Domains, Jazmin Nicole Mogavero

Theses and Dissertations

Each year approximately 1.6 to 3.8 million people suffer a sports-related traumatic brain injury (Langlois, Rutland-Brown, & Wald, 2006). Concussions, a common form of mild traumatic brain injury, account for 75% of total brain injuries in the United States (Faul, Xu, Wald, & Coronado, 2010). In sports, concussions account for 1 of every 10 injuries (Marar, McIlvain, Fields, & Comstock, 2012). Overall, concussion symptoms typically remit within one to four weeks from injury (McCrea, 2007); however, conflict exists surrounding the duration of time that would be safe for a concussed student-athlete to return to functioning, both to sport and to …

Predicting Treatment Response In Borderline Personality Disorder: What Can Neuroimaging Tell Us?, Christina Ann Michel

Theses and Dissertations

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe mental illness affecting over four million individuals in the United States alone. Emotion dysregulation is a core feature underlying BPD; however, the neural underpinnings of emotion dysregulation and how neural correlates relate to treatment response is not well understood. The present study examines BOLD activation during a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) task of emotion regulation to understand neural correlates of reappraisal and how this neural activity is related to treatment outcomes. Individuals with BPD (N=37) underwent fMRI at baseline and were randomized to 6-months of either dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT; N=17) or …

Assessment Of Psychological Functioning In Retired Firefighters, Jordana Simone Pepper

Theses and Dissertations

The past decade has witnessed a significant increase in clinical attention directed to mental health problems in firefighters. The basis for heightened activity in this area is the convergence of evidence indicating that firefighters demonstrate significantly high levels of psychological disorders such as depression and PTSD (Henderson et al., 2016). A previously unexplored risk factor for psychopathology in firefighters is active retirement. Retirement can lead to a decline in psychological functioning, as well as a decline in a person’s self-concept clarity through group loss (Slotter, Winter & Soto, 2015). This loss has the potential to cause, or enhance, feelings of …

Resting-State Cerebral Perfusion Patterns: An Exploratory Factor Analysis Of Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Clinical Data, Scott Harcourt

Theses and Dissertations

Resting-state (RS) networks (neural regions demonstrating a temporal correlation when a person is not engaged in deliberate activity) are a new topic in neuroscience and neuropsychology, not gaining significant traction in the literature until 2005. Few studies have used single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) to analyze RS. The omission is critical because SPECT RS networks have a different structure and statistical representation than functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) RS networks. Moreover, recent fMRI research has explored RS differences in persons with psychopathology but have not studied brain-behavior assessment with the potential of application of neuropsychological …

An Examination Of The Impacts Of Childhood Trauma On Healthy Intimate Relationships In College-Aged African Americans, Broquelynn D. Shepard

Theses and Dissertations

For African Americans, the dynamics of relationships are rooted in childhood experiences of unconditional love, restraint, and respect. These experiences help individuals form their understanding of how relationships function. Experiencing healthy relationships has an enduring impact on social development and interpersonal relationships. However, regarding studies on childhood trauma and intimate relationships, there is insufficient literature that includes African American samples as the primary foci of the research. Due to gaps in extant literature, the present study aims to explore whether experiences of healthy intimate relationship in African Americans are associated with childhood trauma (neglect, emotional, sexual, and physical abuse). Using …

Tërheqja E Presidentit Amerikan Donald Trump Nga Marrëveshja Bërthamore Me Iranin, Drin Hoxha

Theses and Dissertations

Ky punim ka për synim të analizojë tërheqjen e Presidentit amerikan Donald Trump nga Marrëveshja Bërthamore e Iranit, në mënyrë që të kuptohen dhe cilësohen arsyet prapa këtij vendimi të papritur por me shumë ndikim në politikën e jashtme amerikane si dhe botërore. Për ta bërë këtë, autori provon ta vërtetojë hipotezën se Presidenti Trump është tërhequr nga kjo marrëveshje për arsye të historisë së hidhur SHBA-Iran si dhe besimeve dhe qëndrimeve të tija personale e politike. Në pjesën e parë të këtij punimi, është paraqitur problematika e detyrës, objektivi kryesor dhe ato specifike, pyetja hulumtuese dhe hipoteza, si dhe …

Steps Towards New Public Management, Case Study Municipality Of Pristina, Fitim Topanica

Theses and Dissertations

Menaxhimi i administratës publike në shumicën e vendeve në zhvillim po ndryshon me shpejtësi përmes proceseve të reformave në lidhje me ofrimin e shërbimeve publike dhe stimulimin e rritjes ekonomike. Menaxhimi i ri publik i referohet një sërë reformash që kanë arritur të ripërcaktojnë rrënjësisht natyrën e organizatave të sektorit publik. Duke qenë të frymëzuar nga një ideologji e gjerë menaxhimi, reformat kanë sjellë ide rreth organizatave “reale” - d.m.th. të kesh identitet të qartë dhe unik, të jesh në gjendje të planifikosh dhe të zbatosh vendime racionale, dhe të kesh kufij të përcaktuar mirë dhe struktura hierarkike.

Menaxhimi i …

Terrorizmi Dhe E Drejta Ndërkombëtare, Alma Vuniqi

Theses and Dissertations

Aktet terroriste janë veprime kriminale dhe rrjedhimisht, janë pjesë e tagrit të sistemit të drejtësisë penale. Standardet e të drejtave të njeriut do të zbatohen pavarësisht nëse një incident i caktuar konsiderohet si akt terrorist apo një vepër tjetër që hyn në kategorinë e krimeve të rënda.

Terrorizmi konsiston në kryerjen e një krimi nga një individ, një grup apo nga një shtet. Terrorizmi përdoret për të ngjallure te njerëzit një ndjenjë frike e cila në shumë raste është shumë më e madhe se pasojat e vërteta të aktit. Këto akte kane dy shënjestra, popullsinë ose dikasteret e rëndësishme të …

“Intervista E Suksesshme Në Mediat E Shkruara Në Kosovë Dhe Aftësia E Intervistuesit”, Kujtesë Berisha

Theses and Dissertations

Në këtë punim do të ofrojë vlerësime profesionale se çfarë është intervista.

Gjatë kësaj teme të diplomës do të kuptoni më shumë rreth historisë së gazetave në Kosovë. Cilat ishin gazetat e para në Kosovë, sa lexoheshin ato dhe sa lexohen sot.

Të gjitha këto duke u bazuar në shtypin periodik shqiptar gjatë viteve 2000-2005.

Në veçanti do të shfletohen arkivat e gazetave “Koha Ditore”, “Epoka e re”, “Zëri. Të cilat cilësohen si gazetat më të lexuara në Kosovë.

Do të ketë një krahasim të vogël mes gazetave dikur dhe gazetave të ditëve të sotme.

Gjithashtu do të intervistohen gazetarët …

The Mountain Meadows Massacre: Examining The Tragedy From A Social Psychological Perspective, Spencer C. Black

Theses and Dissertations

In September 1857, members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints massacred emigrants traveling through southern Utah to California. The perpetrators, who were also members of the Cedar City militia, slaughtered one hundred and twenty men, women, and children. They only spared seventeen young children. Historians have written at length about this event. In this paper, I analyze the Mountain Meadows Massacre through the perspective of social-psychological constructs. In particular, I use the constructs of human motivation, moral disengagement, group behavior, and obedience to authority to help provide further understanding regarding how seemingly ordinary Christian people committed such …

American Epidemic: The Societal And Multi-Generational Impacts Caused By The Mass Incarceration Of Women In The United States, Jessica Younts

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the social impacts of incarcerating women, specifically mothers, as well as the far-reaching collateral consequences that the mass incarceration of women in the United States has on formerly incarcerated women’s successful reintegration back into society and analyzed how the harsh policies that exist detrimentally impact family members and society as a whole. This study revealed several themes that show the far reaching damage incarceration itself has on women and their families and provides a more comprehensive analysis of the incalculable costs of mass incarceration. By raising awareness to the long-term impact on society, this research can provide …

Serving Culturally And Linguistic Students Identified With A Communication Disability In The K-12 Educational Environments, Lashell Dauterman

Theses and Dissertations

As more and more students enter public schools with culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds that require services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, facilitators must be more sensitive to the needs, especially in the area of communication. Augmentative and alternative communication devices and other assistive technology are required by law to be utilized with individuals identified as disabled. However, due to the challenges that exist in properly identifying and implementing intervention plans for children who require services as English language learners and special education, communication needs are often misidentified or not provided. Another issue that exists is the lack …

Risk Factors And Precursors To Police Suicide, Matthew J. Carpenter

Theses and Dissertations

Police suicide has consistently remained a more likely cause of death for police officers than being killed in the line of duty for the past several years. Understanding the risk factors and precursors associated with suicide is crucial to changing this anomalousness. Prevention, early intervention, treatment, support, and reducing stigma, may help lower the number of police officers committing suicide.

Several research studies have found the rate of suicide for police officers to be double that of the general population (Chopko, Palmieri & Facemire, 2013; Violanti, 2010; Lewis, 2014; Charbonneau, 2000). The day-to-day job of policing may be stressful and …

A Qualitative Examination Of Student Threat Assessment In Nassau County, New York, Christopher J. Cleary

Theses and Dissertations

Law enforcement agencies and school systems face the critically important task of preventing attacks of targeted school violence and providing safe environments for students, faculty, and staff. The tragic results of past school shooting incidents have caused law enforcement agencies to work collaboratively with educators to develop strategies to reduce violent attacks.

Numerous examples from previous school shooting incidents show that shooters exhibited certain warning signs before the attack, and those signs went unaddressed. The student threat assessment process was developed to help educators and law enforcement members recognize the warning signs and take preemptive action before violence occurs. Threat …

≥I++ Wayward Self, Space, And Language, Mystie Do, Thu Tm Do

Theses and Dissertations

Having crossed different geographical and cultural borders, I can’t seem to position myself beyond society’s forced binaries of race, sexuality, and materiality. My personal diasporic experience drives me to bring together various presences, putting them next to one another, engaging them in dialogues. My works often share multiple space–time possibilities: a digital space, a physical site, a virtual alternity. Occupying these parallel worlds are varied ratios of mixtures of natural ecosystems, my own system of abstraction, and existing technological systems that allow us a level of individual engagement not previously available. I want to invite people to fluctuate between these …

Chains Of Stability: Building Financial And Cultural Community Sustainability For Latinas In Richmond & Chesterfield, Virginia, Gabriella C. Pino-Moreno, Gabriella Pino-Moreno

Theses and Dissertations

As the Latinx population in the US continues to grow, new Latin-centric ethnic enclaves are developing in urban areas, including those in US southern states. While there has been some discourse on the role of Latin immigrants in the US labor market generally, there is limited literature addressing the specific experiences of Latinas as inhabitants of urban spaces and the factors impacting their economic sustainability. Latinas, on average, earn $0.54 to every $1.00 a white male earns. Their economic position, combined with their cultural traditions and practices, raises questions about how they achieve economic security in the US. This research …

Cost-Effectiveness Of Interventions Targeting Hard-To-Reach Populations Living With Hiv In Eastern And Southern Africa, Deo Mujwara

Theses and Dissertations

In Eastern and Southern Africa, hard-to-reach populations (e.g., long distance truck drivers and female sex workers), defined as populations that are difficult to interact or engage with due to their unique behaviors and characteristics, are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic and are at high-risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV. Further, these populations have substantially low uptake of HIV testing services, and those that have been diagnosed with HIV and on antiretroviral therapy experience high loss-to-follow-up from treatment programs.

Hard-to-reach populations face unique barriers in accessing and utilizing routine HIV care such as provider stigmatization towards sex workers and highly …

Perceived Organizational Support For Women’S Advancement And Turnover Intentions And Career Advancement Aspirations. The Mediating Role Of Job And Employer Satisfaction., Marta Squadrito

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research is to examine whether the lack of organizational support for women’s advancement decreases female supervisors and managers’ aspiration to advance their careers and increases their turnover intentions and, the mediating effect of job satisfaction and employer satisfaction on the relationship between support and advancement aspirations and turnover intentions.

The antecedents of turnover intentions have been widely studied in the literature, while the antecedents of career aspirations, especially women’s, have not been a focus of much scholarly attention. Based on a review of the literature and drawing upon social exchange theory, and social cognitive theory, it …

Effect Of Task-Irrelevant Emotional Faces On Attention To A Letter Search Task At High And Low Perceptual Loads, Nina Plotnikov

Theses and Dissertations

The attentional processing of emotional faces has interested researchers over the past thirty years. However, differing methodology has led to inconsistent findings. It has been suggested that using emotional faces as task-irrelevant distractors and varying perceptual load of the primary task can create an experimental framework that will allow attentional capture by emotional face processing to be better identified and differentiated from other processes. Furthermore, the effects of time on-task on attentional processing of emotional faces are currently not well understood, in part because traditional statistical analyses, such as the ANOVA, are insufficient for finding longitudinal trends in the data. …

Augmented Reality In Sport Broadcasting, Chad Goebert

Theses and Dissertations

For a large portion of its history, sport broadcasting has been stagnant when it comes to incorporating new and innovative technologies. However, due to declining viewership and consumer desire for customizable content, augmented reality graphics have begun to be incorporated into multiple sport broadcast products. In fact, the UEFA Champions League, NBA, NFL, and NHL have all used or indicated their intention to utilize AR graphics in future broadcasts. Considering that media rights revenue is the main source of revenue to sport properties and organizations, it is important to carefully consider how the core product (the broadcast) is presented. The …

Preventing Obesity: A Social Ecological Exploration Of Centers For Disease Control Prevention Strategies And Guidance Toward Healthy Eating, Physical Activity, And Communities, Ryan Kelly

Theses and Dissertations

Abstract

Obesity has reached nearly 40% of the adult public in the United States, costing the citizen taxpayer over $200 billion annually in healthcare costs. Those suffering from obesity deal with multiple physical and mental repercussions. Through a content analysis of four Centers for Disease Control (CDC) documents and guided by the conceptual framework of the social ecological model, this research explores the federal approach to preventing obesity. The analysis finds that CDC solutions to obesity involve connecting people to each other and healthier choices, an orientation toward local public administration, and an emphasis on environmental and infrastructure improvements. The …

Pathways To Reproductive Autonomy: Structural And Relational Facilitators Of Contraceptive Access In The United States, Laura E. T. Swan

Theses and Dissertations

Ensuring comprehensive and unbiased contraceptive access are crucial aspects of family planning care that make autonomous reproductive decisions possible. Furthermore, contraceptive access influences contraceptive behavior, and inequities in contraceptive access ultimately lead to health disparities. Contraceptive access is multidimensional and is determined by many barriers and facilitators of care. There is a lack of research regarding the ways that structural and relational factors influence contraceptive access and regarding the multifaceted impact of contraceptive access on family planning outcomes. In this three-paper dissertation, theoretical foundations in reproductive justice and Levesque et al.’s (2013) healthcare access framework guided examinations of the relationships …

Beyond Black Or White: An Examination Of Intersectional Identities, Blame Attribution, And Sexual Violence, Ashlynn D. Bell

Theses and Dissertations

While there may be more discussions of sexual violence than there have been in previous years, cases continually arise where the responsibility of those who have been assaulted is called into question (Alaggia & Wang, 2020). Secondary victimization, or victim blaming, is partially responsible for the continued misattribution of responsibility to survivors. These perspectives minimize the experiences of survivors, which dissuades individuals from the reporting of perpetrators. The current study aimed to evaluate whether particular intersecting identities influenced perceptions of responsibility, in a hypothetical scenario depicting an assault. The race, gender identity, as well as perceptions of respectability of the …

Relationships Between Adverse Childhood Experiences, Inflammation And Pain In Youth And Emerging Adults With Sickle Cell Disease, Angela Pascale

Theses and Dissertations

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a prevalent genetic disorder involving red blood cells. SCD is a multisystem disease and is connected to various severe medical complications, including debilitating pain. Though pain and inflammation have been connected to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in other populations, no prior work has investigated ACEs within a SCD population. The current study examined the prevalence of ACEs as well as the association of ACEs, inflammation, and pain in a sample of youth and young adults with SCD. Utilizing the biopsychosocial model of pain, I examined individual and cumulative ACEs as possible factors relating to inflammation, …

Psychological Sense Of Community Among Older Adults In Puerto Rico Two Years After Hurricane María, Thomas D. Buckley

Theses and Dissertations

Hurricane María devastated Puerto Rico in 2017 and resulted in adverse long-term outcomes. Psychological sense of community (PSOC) may serve as a protective factor against the effects of Hurricane María for older adults in Puerto Rico. Using a three-paper format, this dissertation draws on a resilience framework and theories of PSOC and the Ecological Theory of Aging to examine the role of PSOC among older adults in Puerto Rico two years after Hurricane María.

Paper one is a scoping review of the concept of PSOC in research with community dwelling older adults. I begin by presenting findings on study characteristics …

The Role Of Community Belongingness In The Mental Health And Well-Being Of Black Lgbtq Adults, Keith Justin Watts

Theses and Dissertations

The impact of racial and sexual minority stigma, prejudice, and discrimination on the mental health and well-being of Black and LGBTQ individuals, respectively, has been well documented in the literature. Research on these relationships for Black LGBTQ individuals who are multiply marginalized due to their position at the social intersections of gender identity, sexual orientation, and race/ethnicity is less common. Belongingness to identity-based communities can protect against the negative impact of these minority stressors for Black and LGBTQ individuals and aid coping processes. However, Black LGBTQ individuals often experience stigma and discrimination in their racial, sexual, and gender minority communities …

Articulating The Heart Of Darkness: A Psychometric And Behavioral Analysis Of The Relationship Between Psychopathy And Sadism, Emily Lasko

Theses and Dissertations

Psychopathy and sadism, personality constructs largely characterized by antagonistic tendencies, share several similar traits and behaviors such as cruelty, callousness, and antisocial behavior. Due to this overlap, it remains unclear whether sadism is simply a facet of psychopathy, or they represent distinct but related constructs. The degree of overlap and distinction between these traits has yet to be empirically and thoroughly examined; therefore, the present project had two overarching interconnected aims: 1) Investigate the degree of psychometric overlap between psychopathy and sadism, and 2) examine potential behavioral distinctions between psychopathy and sadism. In Study 1, participants completed an online battery …