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Articles 2281 - 2310 of 8853
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Assessing The Legal Literacy Of Arkansas Public School Assistant Principals, Casey Carder
Assessing The Legal Literacy Of Arkansas Public School Assistant Principals, Casey Carder
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of the study the study was to address the current level of legal knowledge with a sample of Arkansas public assistant principals. The research sought to determine whether there were relationships between the content areas of the First, Fourth, and Fifth Amendments and recency of school law training, years of administrative experience, student enrollment, size of community, type of professional development, involvement in school-related litigation, and perceptions of law and policy knowledge. Legal knowledge was measured utilizing a 31-question survey which included one informed consent question, 15 demographic questions, nine First amendment questions, two Fourth Amendment questions, two …
Negotiating With Terrorists: An Interdisciplinary Analysis Of Khasavyurt Agreement And Good Friday Agreement, Nataliya Shull
Negotiating With Terrorists: An Interdisciplinary Analysis Of Khasavyurt Agreement And Good Friday Agreement, Nataliya Shull
Theses and Dissertations
This study examines the nature of negotiations of two different conflicts: the First Chechen War, and The Northern Ireland Conflict. I identify a set of decisive variables and their role in the conflict and post-conflict environments that affected the sustainability of the peace agreements. I also argue there is a relation between these decisive variables and identified themes of the agreements. A thematic analysis of the agreements' texts adds another dimension to the meaning within the original text and to the determinants of a comprehensive agreement. The findings suggest that while some of these variables proved to be decisive, the …
Postsecondary Education Achievement And Employment Outcomes In Adults With Self-Reported Autism Diagnosis, So Yeon Park
Postsecondary Education Achievement And Employment Outcomes In Adults With Self-Reported Autism Diagnosis, So Yeon Park
Theses and Dissertations
More autistic adults are entering into the work force and enrolling in postsecondary schools. However, overall, autistic adults experience a more difficult time than neurotypical peers completing postsecondary education, obtaining employment, and maintaining employment. Less is known about outcomes for subgroups of autistic adults who have typical or elevated intellectual and verbal abilities. The present study looks at the significance of self-reported autistic traits, camouflaging, and mental health (anxiety, depression, intolerance of uncertainty) factors for predicting educational and employment outcomes in a sample of 148 adults with an autism diagnosis and no co-occurring intellectual disability. Of the total sample, 118 …
Why Do Street-Level Bureaucrats Risk Themselves For Others? The Case Of Public Health Care Workers In Egypt, Mohamed Adel Ahmed Eraky Moussa
Why Do Street-Level Bureaucrats Risk Themselves For Others? The Case Of Public Health Care Workers In Egypt, Mohamed Adel Ahmed Eraky Moussa
Theses and Dissertations
The COVID-19 pandemic has shown how street-level bureaucrats play an essential role in working under tremendous psychological and physical pressure with limited resources. Healthcare workers are at the front lines to fight against the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide, and they are most vulnerable to infection and illness. Therefore, it is essential to identify the factors that enhance health care workers’ motivation at the time of pandemics and determine their willingness to risk their lives for others. The current study covers a sample of public health care workers working in two central quarantine public hospitals in Egypt. It considers a range of …
Mentalization, Attachment And Quality Of Emerging Adults' Relationships, Mai K. El Ghannam
Mentalization, Attachment And Quality Of Emerging Adults' Relationships, Mai K. El Ghannam
Theses and Dissertations
The emerging adulthood phase has specific characteristics related to identity formation and raising the desire for autonomy and independence. One of the exciting functioning abilities at this life stage is their interpersonal functioning abilities. The emerging adults' quality of relationships can be better understood by understanding their attachment styles and mentalization capacity. Thus, this study aimed at understanding the correlation between emerging adults' different attachment styles, mentalization capacity, and their level of interpersonal functioning. A total of 77 emerging adults participated in the study by answering questions related to their mentalization capacity, attachment style, and interpersonal functioning level. The results …
Policy Effects On New York City Early Education Centers: Ecological Case Studies, Maria S. Mavrides Calderon
Policy Effects On New York City Early Education Centers: Ecological Case Studies, Maria S. Mavrides Calderon
Theses and Dissertations
NYC’s universal Pre-K (PKFA) was implemented through New York Early Education Centers (NYCEECs) and public schools, without considering compensation parity across settings. This study investigates the impact of unequal compensation policies on the experiences of directors, teachers, and parents affiliated with NYCEECs, and how they compare or contrast with the policymakers’ discourse around those policies. While other studies have investigated the PKFA implementation (Akaba et al., 2019; Falk & Souto-Manning, 2020; Fuller & Leibovitz, 2021a; Reid et al., 2019), none have privileged the ecology of those working at and attending NYCEECs. Through critical policy analysis, this study utilized Bronfenbrenner's (1979) …
An Exploration Of The Contextual Interference Effect On Trained Trick Retention In Companion Dogs (Canis Lupus Familiaris), Madeline Messina
An Exploration Of The Contextual Interference Effect On Trained Trick Retention In Companion Dogs (Canis Lupus Familiaris), Madeline Messina
Theses and Dissertations
The ability to enact behavior change is pivotal to dog training success. Currently, there are few studies informing the best training practices. This thesis sought to enhance current training practices by applying a human motor skill learning theory, the contextual interference effect (CI), to a trick-training paradigm with companion dogs.
Arbitration Outcomes And Employer Size In The Context Of The American Arbitration Association 2010-2020, James H. Call
Arbitration Outcomes And Employer Size In The Context Of The American Arbitration Association 2010-2020, James H. Call
Theses and Dissertations
This study examines the ``repeat player" effect in employment arbitration for counsel appearing repeatedly in the same arbitration forum, and the impact of employer size on arbitration outcomes, and finds that the repeat player effect has a notable impact only on arbitrations involving the largest employers.
Opportunities For Wonder In A Public Park, Alexander Butler
Opportunities For Wonder In A Public Park, Alexander Butler
Theses and Dissertations
Research suggests unstructured play is important to a child's mental and physical development, and the natural world provides excellent opportunities for formative experiences. Urban environments, however, present challenges to finding and enjoying wild spaces. The potential role of public parks, supported by a small survey of college students, is discussed.
Rental Discrimination On The Basis Of Immigration Status, Diego S. Osorio
Rental Discrimination On The Basis Of Immigration Status, Diego S. Osorio
Theses and Dissertations
We employ a field experiment to assess the degree of housing discrimination against Hispanic immigrants versus someone with Hispanic heritage. The results indicate that individuals who indicate that they are immigrants in their rental applications are less likely to receive a response.
The Effects Of Environmental Corporate Social Responsibility On Financial Returns, Kevin Acevedo
The Effects Of Environmental Corporate Social Responsibility On Financial Returns, Kevin Acevedo
Theses and Dissertations
A major issue concerning companies is global warming and the impact that firms have on the environment. Companies are taking steps towards sustainability, but it is unclear if sustainable business practices are beneficial to companies’ financial performance. This paper examines the effect of environmental corporate social responsibility (CSR) of Fortune 250 companies on financial performance. The analysis reveals significant effects on financial performance, but they are inconsistent and hard to interpret.
Attachment Style Moderates Polygenic Risk For Ptsd In U.S. Military Veterans: Results From The National Health And Resilience In Veterans Study, Amanda Jf Tamman
Attachment Style Moderates Polygenic Risk For Ptsd In U.S. Military Veterans: Results From The National Health And Resilience In Veterans Study, Amanda Jf Tamman
Theses and Dissertations
Polygenic risk scores (PRS) derived from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may inform risk models of PTSD. To date, however, no known study has examined moderators such as attachment style that may impact the relation between PRS and PTSD. Main and interactive effects of PRS and attachment style on PTSD symptoms were evaluated in a nationally representative sample of trauma-exposed, European-American U.S. military veterans (N=2,030). PRS were derived from a GWAS of PTSD re-experiencing symptoms (N=146,660) in the Million Veteran Program. Higher re-experiencing PRS and secure attachment style were independently associated with more severe PTSD symptoms. …
Graduate Students’ Perceptions Of Psychotherapists’ Engagement In Common Factors, Manuel Jose Orellana
Graduate Students’ Perceptions Of Psychotherapists’ Engagement In Common Factors, Manuel Jose Orellana
Theses and Dissertations
The study investigated the extent to which common factors (CF) interventions are found within the training recording of cognitive behavior therapies. Some scholars have proposed that effective psychotherapy can be accounted for by Common Factors that exist across all psychotherapies that work. This study aims to see if CF interventions are found within cognitive behavior therapies. To discover the extent to which CF interventions are found within cognitive behavior therapies, we asked graduate students in a psychotherapy course who were assigned to watch training sessions of CBT sessions and instructed to rate the therapists’ behaviors using the Multi-Theoretical List Psychotherapeutic …
Placement Instability, Perceived Social Support, And Internalizing Symptoms In Youth In The Child Welfare System, Michelle Cusumano
Placement Instability, Perceived Social Support, And Internalizing Symptoms In Youth In The Child Welfare System, Michelle Cusumano
Theses and Dissertations
High rates of youth in the child welfare system (CWS) experience placement instability, or frequent moves between household, institution, or placement (Fisher et al., 2013). Placement instability has been shown to predict subsequent internalizing symptoms regardless of the maltreatment type, severity, or frequency experienced by the child in foster care (McGuire et al., 2018). Frequent moves between biological parents, foster or kinship caregivers, or group homes may detrimentally affect youth’s social support networks, which are known to serve as a protective factor for maltreated children and adolescents (Folger & Wright, 2013). The current study aims to examine longitudinally whether perceived …
The Motivational Role Of Feedback On Working Memory, Danielle Wilson
The Motivational Role Of Feedback On Working Memory, Danielle Wilson
Theses and Dissertations
Previous research has shown that motivation plays a vital role in what we remember. Motivation can be either extrinsic (e.g., a reward for doing well) or intrinsic (e.g., wanting to do well). Here we test if intrinsic motivation improves Working Memory (WM) performance. In an online study, undergraduate students (N=358, 334 after excluding participants that did not complete at least 25% of the survey) completed reverse letter span tasks, recalling 42 sets of 4-9 letters that were shown for one second in reverse order. We manipulate intrinsic motivation via feedback. Participants were randomly assigned to feedback (FB) and no-feedback (NFB) …
How Traditional Bullying And Cyberbullying Relate To High School Student Attendance And Suicidal Ideation, Thomas Sposato
How Traditional Bullying And Cyberbullying Relate To High School Student Attendance And Suicidal Ideation, Thomas Sposato
Theses and Dissertations
This study examined the frequency and possible connection between student self-reported bullying victimization, suicidal ideation, and reported fear of attending school. These school and societal problems have potential negative impacts on individuals, families, and school learning communities. Their negative effects may be compounded when occurring together. Previous research has connected bullying behavior to student absenteeism to suicidal ideation. These connections were further explored in this study using the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), which is overseen by the Center for Disease Control (CDC). The purpose of this survey is to focus on illness, death, and disability among adolescents, and …
The Relationships Between Poor Health, Coping Styles, And Health Practices: A Test Of Several Possible Moderators, Pawel Sadowski
The Relationships Between Poor Health, Coping Styles, And Health Practices: A Test Of Several Possible Moderators, Pawel Sadowski
Theses and Dissertations
This study sought to examine the relationship between poor health and coping styles and the relationship between poor health and health practices. Another goal of this study was to observe if variables such as depression, religiosity, and locus of control might serve as moderators of these relationships. The participants and data used in this study were from the Eugene-Springfield Community Sample. The materials used included the Health Practices Questionnaire (HPQ), the Personal Attribute Survey (PAS), the Comprehensive Health Survey (CHS), and the Experimental Personality Survey (EPS). Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results revealed that poor …
Exploring The Relationship Between Restricted And Repetitive Behaviors, Anxiety, And Aggression In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Ashley Gabriele
Exploring The Relationship Between Restricted And Repetitive Behaviors, Anxiety, And Aggression In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Ashley Gabriele
Theses and Dissertations
Previous research has demonstrated associations between restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) and anxiety, RRBs and aggression, and anxiety in aggression in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet no study has investigated the nature of the relationship between all three constructs. As such, the goal of the present study was to test the hypothesis that anxiety mediates the relationship between RRBs and aggression. Participants consisted of 115 parent(s)/guardian(s) of children with ASD who completed parent/caregiver-report questionnaires on the frequency and severity of their child’s RRBs, anxiety symptoms, and aggressive behaviors. The present study is the first to use construct-specific measures …
Controlling For Developmental Language Differences In Spanish-English Learners: A Comparison Of The Ortiz Picture Vocabulary Acquisition Test And Woodcock Muñoz Language Survey-Third Edition, Amanda Garcia
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a difference in the vocabulary knowledge of Spanish-speaking English Learners (ELs) when controlling for developmental language norms. This research was essential given the multitude of literature indicating the connection between vocabulary skills and later academic success and the substantial achievement gaps between ELs and English Speakers (ESs). Considering the different normative standards in the Ortiz PVAT and WMLS III English, where the former includes bilingual, exposure-based norms, and the latter does not, this study evaluated the vocabulary knowledge of 27 Spanish-speaking ELs between the ages of 5 and 11 …
Clinical Adaptations Of Cognitive Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, And Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy As A Result Of Culture And Language, Rebecca Wade
Theses and Dissertations
Cognitive Behavioral Therapies are frequently used and highly effective; however, most of the research is conducted on Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) populations who are relatively homogeneous. The present study evaluated the use and adaptations of Cognitive Therapy (CT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), and Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) based upon WEIRD status, language, and cultural values as measured by Hofstede's country comparison (2021). In a survey, therapists worldwide (n=121) reported their use and adaptation of the techniques within their therapeutic orientation. Although no significant differences were found between WEIRD or language groupings specific to CT, CBT, or …
Associations Between Problem Recognition And Help-Seeking Behavior In Mothers Of Preschoolers, Samuel T. Jackson
Associations Between Problem Recognition And Help-Seeking Behavior In Mothers Of Preschoolers, Samuel T. Jackson
Theses and Dissertations
Preschool children are often underserved in mental healthcare. One explanation for this is that caregivers do not recognize preschoolers’ mental health difficulties as problems. While previous research has identified an association between a caregiver’s skill at accurately applying diagnostic labels and help-seeking, factors such as behavior severity, functional impairment, and caregiver stress are important to the help-seeking process as well. The current study examined associations between all these variables. Participants were 82 adult mothers of preschoolers. The participants read a series of vignettes describing preschool-aged children with depression, anxiety, and ADHD, and then answered a series of questions to assess …
Norm Sample Stratification And Socioeconomic Status: Examination Of Language Development Across Education And Income, Gavriel Franco
Norm Sample Stratification And Socioeconomic Status: Examination Of Language Development Across Education And Income, Gavriel Franco
Theses and Dissertations
The norm samples that are developed in Westernized countries are typically created using a routine process in test development that involves stratification of a range of independent variables. However, this method of creating norm-referenced samples may be discriminatory against individuals from low SES backgrounds since sampling across the full range of SES invariably results in an “average” that characterizes middle-SES individuals best. Because SES is generally stratified by category, according to U.S. Census demographics, any such sample developed in this manner is likely to be appropriate only for individuals within the “average” SES range. The literature contains a wealth of …
Do Sleep And Executive Functioning Predict Intimate Partner Violence? Investigation Of A Moderational Model, Ayelet Hochman
Do Sleep And Executive Functioning Predict Intimate Partner Violence? Investigation Of A Moderational Model, Ayelet Hochman
Theses and Dissertations
This study assessed if sleep and the executive function (EF) of response inhibition interact to predict intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration in emerging adults. This study conducted a secondary data analysis on a sample of college students in romantic relationships who completed a series of EF tasks and self-report measures on emotional and relationship functioning. This study analyzed data from 86 college students (81% female) between the ages of 18-23. Moderational models were tested to evaluate whether deficits in response inhibition and sleep problems interact to predict IPV perpetration. Perpetration of any IPV, only minor forms of IPV, and only …
The Role Of Social Skills In Protecting Against The Impact Of Family And Community Violence On Youth Psychopathology, Emily Christine Hockenberry
The Role Of Social Skills In Protecting Against The Impact Of Family And Community Violence On Youth Psychopathology, Emily Christine Hockenberry
Theses and Dissertations
Children and adolescents are exposed to family and community violence at high rates, and poly victimization is common. Further study is needed to assess the unique and additive effects of witnessing or directly experiencing violence in multiple contexts on psychopathology in urban youth of color. Additionally, analyzing the role of protective factors, such as social skills, in moderating the relation between violence exposure and psychopathology may aid in identifying unique and shared pathways by which different forms of interpersonal violence may impact mental health outcomes. This study sought to examine whether social skills (cooperation and assertion) moderated the relation between …
Patterns Of Change In Caregiver Anxiety And Depression During Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Tohar Scheininger
Patterns Of Change In Caregiver Anxiety And Depression During Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Tohar Scheininger
Theses and Dissertations
Caregivers play an integral role in their child’s trauma-focused cognitive-behavior therapy (TF-CBT; Cohen & Mannarino, 2006), an intervention that has established efficacy in treating children’s trauma-related symptoms (Cohen et al., 2017). Unfortunately, extant literature on TF-CBT lacks a comprehensive understanding and representation of demographic characteristics and baseline symptomatology for caregivers who participate in TF-CBT at community clinics. Furthermore, although researchers suggest that TF-CBT may improve caregivers’ own distress, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression from pre- to post-treatment (e.g., Cohen et al., 2004a; Cohen et al., 2004b; Deblinger et al., 2011; Tutus et al., 2017), there is no assessment of …
Effect Of Shame-Proneness, Guilt-Proneness And Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms On Difficulties In Emotional Regulation, Yekaterina Nikiforova
Effect Of Shame-Proneness, Guilt-Proneness And Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms On Difficulties In Emotional Regulation, Yekaterina Nikiforova
Theses and Dissertations
Exposure to traumatic events will affect most individuals in their lifetimes, with some going on to develop emotional dysregulation difficulties, posttraumatic stress symptoms, shame, and guilt. The present study used a trauma-exposed college sample of adults from a northeastern university (n = 612, age M = 20.79, SD= 3.33, n = 463 female, n = 149 male) to test for a moderating effect of shame-proneness and guilt-proneness on the relationship between posttraumatic stress symptoms and difficulties in emotional regulation, and lack of emotional awareness, a subcategory of difficulties in emotional regulation. The correlational relationship between these constructs was also investigated. …
Predicting Teacher Referral Of Psychopathology In Students: The Role Of Experience, Knowledge, And Gender, Carmel Y. Brunswick
Predicting Teacher Referral Of Psychopathology In Students: The Role Of Experience, Knowledge, And Gender, Carmel Y. Brunswick
Theses and Dissertations
Teachers are key players in recognizing mental health difficulties in their students and subsequently facilitating the referral to intervention process. However, the absence of a systematized approach leaves lingering doubt regarding accurate identification, rate of referral, and intervening factors, requiring a need to explore them further. Furthermore, to date, there is limited research examining teacher ability to recognize behavioral manifestations of trauma in their students. The current study surveyed primary and secondary teachers (n=54) across the United States. An anonymous survey presented a series of vignettes depicting behavioral representations of various childhood disorders. Teachers were asked to make a series …
The Association Between Personality Dysfunction And Alcohol And Substance Use Problems In Emerging Adults, Irma Sham
Theses and Dissertations
This study examined the association between dimensions of personality problems (negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, and psychoticism) and alcohol and substance use problems in emerging adults. The sample of 169 participants was used for data analysis. Participants were recruited online via MTurk and a student research participant pool. We found that there is a correlation between the overall personality dysfunction and alcohol and substance use problems. However, only disinhibition, detachment, antagonism, and psychoticism were correlated with alcohol and substance use problems. Multiple regression was used to compare the relative strength of association of variables correlated with alcohol and substance use …
Limpiar La Raza: Island Vs. Diaspora Representations Of Dominican Race, Selines Sanchez
Limpiar La Raza: Island Vs. Diaspora Representations Of Dominican Race, Selines Sanchez
Theses and Dissertations
Investigating Dominicans and Dominican-Americans in the context of whiteness studies, specifically through the Spanish phrase limpiar la raza (cleaning the race), this thesis will examine the existence and effects of whiteness on this population of Latin Americans. I am using my experience and current discourse and representation to explore the way whiteness and blackness are both re-enforced and transformed in the Dominican-American diaspora and what limpiar la raza might mean in the 21st century amongst island-based, U.S. born, and immigrant Dominicans. My goal is to reveal how the history of whiteness, anti-blackness, and racial confusion persists in the diaspora today …
Identifying Subtypes Of Dysfunctional Anger: A Latent Profile Analysis Of The Anger Disorders Scale (Ads), Katharine Romero
Identifying Subtypes Of Dysfunctional Anger: A Latent Profile Analysis Of The Anger Disorders Scale (Ads), Katharine Romero
Theses and Dissertations
Although we see patients present to outpatient and inpatient settings with problematic anger as frequently as with anxiety and depression (Lachmund et al., 2005), we lack the diagnostic categories for anger that most affective disturbances have been granted by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5: American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Anger is, instead, most often seen as an aspect of the pathology within a wide range of mood and personality disorders. DiGiuseppe and Tafrate (2007) proposed 13 subtypes of disturbed anger via a hierarchical cluster analysis of the Anger Disorders Scale (ADS) standardization data. While more recent attempts …