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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Fact Sheet—How Does Quality Of Care Relate To A Rights-Based Approach To Family Planning Programs?, Jan Kumar Jan 2016

Fact Sheet—How Does Quality Of Care Relate To A Rights-Based Approach To Family Planning Programs?, Jan Kumar

Reproductive Health

Because policymakers are challenged by numerous, overlapping definitions of quality of care, with uncertainty about which to adopt, there is a need for common understanding of each construct and its contribution to family planning (FP). This factsheet describes several definitions of quality in health care that are widely accepted. It concludes that improving and assuring quality of care is a legal, ethical, and practical imperative, and is instrumental in achieving outcomes that benefit women, children, and programs. If donors embrace, fund, and hold governments accountable to the fullness of a rights-based approach for FP with an explicit focus on assuring …


Landscape Analysis Of The Family Planning Situation In Pakistan—District Profile: Sukkur, Population Council Jan 2016

Landscape Analysis Of The Family Planning Situation In Pakistan—District Profile: Sukkur, Population Council

Reproductive Health

This district profile of Sukkur is part of the Landscape Analysis of the Family Planning Situation in Pakistan. The factsheet provides a detailed picture of use of antenatal and delivery care services; use of family planning; other socioeconomic indicators; availability of health facilities, pharmacies, and lady health workers; distribution of public static and private facilities by cadre; provision of specific family planning methods by sector; and presence and provision of family planning services/products. The factsheet concludes with a review of consumers’ perspectives on barriers to use of family planning and a chart listing district-specific donors, projects, and implementing partners. The …


The Africa Regional Sgbv Network Learning Brief Series: Learning Updates From Kenya (Brief #2), Population Council Jan 2016

The Africa Regional Sgbv Network Learning Brief Series: Learning Updates From Kenya (Brief #2), Population Council

Reproductive Health

Data from 130 public health facilities supported by LVCT Health—a Kenyan organization with a goal of reducing HIV infections to zero—indicate that over 60 percent of rape survivors attended to from 2011 to 2014 were children below the age of 18. The Africa Regional Sexual and Gender Based Violence (SGBV) Network, set up in 2006, is addressing violence against children (VAC) in four countries. This Learning Brief is one in a series of five that share critical, initial understandings of VAC that will help us respond more effectively to the problem. Initial findings highlight a post-rape care system in Kenya …


Introducing Contraceptive Methods In Low-Resource Settings: New Opportunities In Senegal, Population Council Jan 2016

Introducing Contraceptive Methods In Low-Resource Settings: New Opportunities In Senegal, Population Council

Reproductive Health

This factsheet outlines the Delivering Contraceptive Vaginal Rings project, awarded by USAID to the Population Council in October 2013 to foster the introduction of two contraceptive methods. The objectives of this project are to: 1) improve availability and affordability of a three-month Progesterone Vaginal Ring for postpartum breastfeeding women, and 2) facilitate regulatory approval and introduction of a one-year contraceptive vaginal ring containing Nestorone® and ethinyl estradiol—a long-acting method for non-breastfeeding women that is in the late stages of development. The factsheet identifies milestones achieved and new opportunities in Senegal to implement activities in the year ahead.


The Private Sector As A Provider Of Family Planning Services In Egypt: Challenges And Opportunities, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Doaa Oraby, Benjamin Bellows Jan 2016

The Private Sector As A Provider Of Family Planning Services In Egypt: Challenges And Opportunities, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Doaa Oraby, Benjamin Bellows

Reproductive Health

The recent increase in Egypt’s fertility rate, following decades of progress in lowering fertility levels, highlights the need for renewed attention to the country’s family planning program. The Ministry of Health is currently the largest provider of family planning in Egypt, serving a diverse population of women, many of whom may not need the free public service. Expanding the role of the private sector in the provision of family planning services and supplies holds great potential to more effectively meet the current and future family planning needs of millions of Egyptian women. This brief examines the role of the private …


Delivering Contraceptive Vaginal Rings To Breastfeeding Women, Population Council Jan 2016

Delivering Contraceptive Vaginal Rings To Breastfeeding Women, Population Council

Reproductive Health

The Progesterone Vaginal Ring (PVR) is a user-controlled contraceptive that helps breastfeeding women safely and effectively space, delay, or limit their next pregnancy. The Population Council and partners developed the PVR to help address the unmet need for contraception among breastfeeding women. The ring provides a convenient option that adds choices for new mothers and promotes optimal infant nutrition and health. This two-page brief provides fast facts for advancing nutrition and infant health with the PVR.


The Consumer Perspective: A Consultation With Senior Health Officials From Developing Countries On Standards Of Evidence For Reproductive And Maternal Health Care, The Evidence Project, Step Up Research Programme Consortium Jan 2016

The Consumer Perspective: A Consultation With Senior Health Officials From Developing Countries On Standards Of Evidence For Reproductive And Maternal Health Care, The Evidence Project, Step Up Research Programme Consortium

Reproductive Health

The Population Council (through the STEP UP consortium and the Evidence Project) and the High Impact Practices (HIP) Collaboration, together with other partners, held a series of three consultative meetings around the topic of standards of evidence in reproductive and maternal health. This report details the third and final meeting held in Bellagio, Italy in February 2016. The meeting brought together developing-country decisionmakers to vet, from the research “consumer” perspective, the recommendations that emerged from the second consultation and to elicit further recommendations on how to better generate and package evidence to meet the needs of decisionmakers. Also in attendance …


Kenya: Helping Adolescent Mothers Remain In School Through Strengthened Implementation Of School Re-Entry Policies, Esther Lwanga Walgwe, Nancy Termini Lachance, Harriet Birungi, Chi-Chi Undie Jan 2016

Kenya: Helping Adolescent Mothers Remain In School Through Strengthened Implementation Of School Re-Entry Policies, Esther Lwanga Walgwe, Nancy Termini Lachance, Harriet Birungi, Chi-Chi Undie

Reproductive Health

By applying robust evidence, securing the support of decisionmakers, and engaging stakeholders, STEP UP enabled national and local decisionmakers to better understand the consequences of unintended pregnancy for adolescent girls’ schooling in Homa Bay County, Kenya. STEP UP is playing an important role in informing the implementation of policies within the Kenyan educational sector that will improve educational opportunities for school-age mothers. Through early stakeholder engagement, strong partnerships, the support of implementers and policymakers, effective communication and dissemination strategies, decisionmaker capacity, and the dedication of the adolescent mothers themselves, evidence generated by STEP UP was successfully utilized by key stakeholders. …


Pharmacy Workers In Kenya Need Training And Support On Medical Abortion Information And Referrals To Prevent Unsafe Service Provision, Jesse Njunguru, A. Finnie, Katharine Footman, Wilson Liambila, Kate Reiss Jan 2016

Pharmacy Workers In Kenya Need Training And Support On Medical Abortion Information And Referrals To Prevent Unsafe Service Provision, Jesse Njunguru, A. Finnie, Katharine Footman, Wilson Liambila, Kate Reiss

Reproductive Health

Despite the centrality of pharmacists in the provision of abortion services in Kenya, little is known about their medical abortion (MA) knowledge, attitudes, or practices. This policy brief reports on a study that set out to bridge this gap in the evidence. The report concludes that comprehensive training for pharmacy workers could improve the quality of MA provision and referrals, and help pharmacy workers identify opportunities to simultaneously provide clients with information on contraception and STI prevention. Such efforts would be in line with current Kenyan government policies to reduce the public health burden caused by the prevalence of unsafe …


Rencontre De Partage Sur La Problématique Des Grossesses Non Désirées Chez Les Adolescents/Jeunes Au Sénégal : Compte Rendu De Rencontre, Babacar Mane, Marie-Jesus Buabey, Nafissatou Diop, Patrick Mugirwa Jan 2016

Rencontre De Partage Sur La Problématique Des Grossesses Non Désirées Chez Les Adolescents/Jeunes Au Sénégal : Compte Rendu De Rencontre, Babacar Mane, Marie-Jesus Buabey, Nafissatou Diop, Patrick Mugirwa

Reproductive Health

En 2015, la Direction de la Santé de la Reproduction et de la Survie de l’Enfant du Ministère de la Santé et de l’Action Sociale (Sénégal), le Population Council, et le bureau régional de Partners in Population and Development Africa, ont co-organisé un atelier de partage des résultats de l’étude “Comprendre les grossesses non désirées au Sénégal—Profil pays.” Ce rapport de rencontre décrit une réunion de suivi en 2016 dont les objectifs étaient d'examiner l'état de faire le point sur la mise en œuvre des recommandations de la rencontre de juin 2015; s’informer de la situation de la santé sexuelle …


L’Expérience De Femmes Ayant Subi Une Grossesse Non Désirée Au Sénégal : Une Étude Qualitative, Fatou Mbow, Nafissatou Diop, Awa Diop Dabo, Awa Tounkara Cissé, Seynabou Ba Diakhaté Jan 2016

L’Expérience De Femmes Ayant Subi Une Grossesse Non Désirée Au Sénégal : Une Étude Qualitative, Fatou Mbow, Nafissatou Diop, Awa Diop Dabo, Awa Tounkara Cissé, Seynabou Ba Diakhaté

Reproductive Health

Dans le cadre du projet Strengthening Evidence for Programming on Unintended Pregnancy (STEP UP), et sur financement de DFID, une étude qualitative a été menée dans la région de Dakar, au Sénégal, par le Population Council en partenariat avec la Taskforce pour développer une meilleure compréhension de la vie des femmes ayant subi une grossesse non désirée suite à un viol ou un inceste et apporter leur voix au débat sur la légalisation de l’avortement médicalisé. Actuellement, qu’elles décident de garder la grossesse non désirée ou de s’en débarrasser, dans tous les cas, leur vie en est affectée. En interdisant …


L’Expérience De Femmes Ayant Subi Une Grossesse Non Désirée Au Sénégal : Une Étude Qualitative [Compte Rendu De La Rencontre De Partage Des Résultats], Fatou Mbow, Nafissatou Diop, Babacar Mane Jan 2016

L’Expérience De Femmes Ayant Subi Une Grossesse Non Désirée Au Sénégal : Une Étude Qualitative [Compte Rendu De La Rencontre De Partage Des Résultats], Fatou Mbow, Nafissatou Diop, Babacar Mane

Reproductive Health

Dans le cadre du projet Strengthening Evidence for Programming on Unintended Pregnancy (STEP UP), et sur financement de DFID, une étude qualitative a été menée dans la région de Dakar au Sénégal par le Population Council en partenariat avec la Taskforce sur l’expérience des femmes ayant subi une grossesse non désirée suite à un viol ou un inceste pour apporter la voix de ces femmes au débat sur la légalisation de l’avortement médicalisée. Une rencontre plus large, dont ce rapport est la synthèse, a été organisée en janvier 2016 par la Direction de la Santé de la Reproduction et de …


Ending The Medicalization Of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting In Egypt, Sarah Ghattass, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Salma Abou Hussein Jan 2016

Ending The Medicalization Of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting In Egypt, Sarah Ghattass, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Salma Abou Hussein

Reproductive Health

This policy brief examines the extent of medicalization of female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) in Egypt, the characteristics of girls who were cut by medical personnel, factors that may have contributed to increased medicalization, and potential interventions that could influence both physicians and the public to completely abandon the practice. The data show that younger cohorts of women, those from higher wealth quintiles, higher levels of education, and living in urban regions are more likely to have been cut by medical personnel. More importantly, the analysis shows that despite medicalization being more common among young women with the above-mentioned characteristics, it …


Introducing Contraceptive Methods In Low-Resource Settings: New Opportunities In Kenya, Population Council Jan 2016

Introducing Contraceptive Methods In Low-Resource Settings: New Opportunities In Kenya, Population Council

Reproductive Health

This factsheet outlines the Delivering Contraceptive Vaginal Rings project, awarded by USAID to the Population Council in October 2013 to foster the introduction of two contraceptive methods. The objectives of this project are to: 1) improve availability and affordability of a three-month Progesterone Vaginal Ring for postpartum breastfeeding women, and 2) facilitate regulatory approval and introduction of a one-year contraceptive vaginal ring containing Nestorone® and ethinyl estradiol—a long-acting method for non-breastfeeding women that is in the late stages of development. The factsheet identifies milestones achieved and new opportunities in Kenya to implement activities in the year ahead.


A Systematic Review Of The Treatment And Management Of Pre-Eclampsia And Eclampsia In Nigeria, Karen Kirk, Ishita Chattopadhyay Jan 2016

A Systematic Review Of The Treatment And Management Of Pre-Eclampsia And Eclampsia In Nigeria, Karen Kirk, Ishita Chattopadhyay

Reproductive Health

Throughout the development of a pregnancy, there are many opportunities when pre-eclampsia and eclampsia (PE/E) can be prevented, detected, and managed; based on the literature, certain gaps exist along this continuum of care. To fully appreciate the enormity of the problem at the country level, the Population Council conducted a systematic review of published papers on PE/E in Nigeria from 2000–15 in order to understand the key challenges, gaps, and interventions related to the prevention and treatment of PE/E. In order to have the most impact, this report recommends a multi-level set of interventions that increase community awareness of symptoms …


Findings From Landscape Analysis In Ondo On Pre-Eclampsia/Eclampsia, Population Council Jan 2016

Findings From Landscape Analysis In Ondo On Pre-Eclampsia/Eclampsia, Population Council

Reproductive Health

Maternal and newborn deaths due to pre-eclampsia and eclampsia (PE/E) are preventable, yet in Nigeria this is the most significant direct cause of maternal deaths. To appreciate the enormity of this problem at country and state levels, a landscape analysis was conducted by the Population Council in 2015 on PE/E in seven states in Nigeria. This brief presents results for the landscape analysis in Ondo. This landscape analysis identified the gaps in facilities’ and providers’ capacities for preventing, detecting, and managing PE/E. The brief concludes that a multi-pronged approach is required to address the systems issues that create barriers to …


Operationalizing National Protocol For Preventing And Managing Pe/E In Community Facilities In Bangladesh, Population Council Jan 2016

Operationalizing National Protocol For Preventing And Managing Pe/E In Community Facilities In Bangladesh, Population Council

Reproductive Health

Considering the maternal deaths associated with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia (PE/E), the Bangladesh Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, with technical assistance from the Obstetrical and Gynecological Society of Bangladesh, developed a national protocol allowing community providers to provide a magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) loading dose. With the approval of the National Technical Committee of the Directorate General of Family Planning, this study operationalized and assessed the ability of community providers to detect and treat PE/E, and administer the loading dose of MgSO4 before referral to higher-level facilities. The study results presented in this brief indicate that with national protocol, training, and …


Promoting Respectful Maternity Care Resource Package: Community Flipchart, Population Council Jan 2016

Promoting Respectful Maternity Care Resource Package: Community Flipchart, Population Council

Reproductive Health

Progress toward the reduction of maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality has been slow because improvements require overcoming financial and geographical barriers to accessing skilled care, as well as the poor quality of care in maternity units. A little-understood component of the poor quality of care experienced by women during facility-based childbirth is the disrespectful and abusive behavior of healthcare providers and other facility staff. Acknowledgment of these behaviors by policymakers, program staff, civil society groups, and community members indicates the problem is widespread. This is a teaching aid for community health workers and other community-level resource persons to conduct …


Barriers To Fistula Repair In Uganda: A Formative Study, Population Council Jan 2016

Barriers To Fistula Repair In Uganda: A Formative Study, Population Council

Reproductive Health

This brief describes a formative research study conducted in Uganda by the Population Council, building on the results of a systematic review, to better understand the barriers and enabling factors for fistula repair care delivery and access. Understanding how Ugandan women living with fistula decide to seek care, identify and reach medical centers, and receive adequate and appropriate care is integral and continues to influence the design of a larger implementation pilot. This study focuses on Fistula Care Plus project-supported treatment facilities where fistula camps are routinely held. Results show that while it is difficult to measure the relative influence …


Adolescents In Bangladesh: Programmatic Approaches To Sexual And Reproductive Health Education And Services, Sigma Ainul, Ashish Bajracharya, Laura Reichenbach Jan 2016

Adolescents In Bangladesh: Programmatic Approaches To Sexual And Reproductive Health Education And Services, Sigma Ainul, Ashish Bajracharya, Laura Reichenbach

Reproductive Health

There is a gap in knowledge and understanding of effective adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) programming in Bangladesh, especially programming at scale. Initiatives to address ASRH have been implemented at different times by both the Government of Bangladesh and NGOs, but these activities have often been fragmented and are not well documented or evaluated, making it difficult to know what worked well and what did not. This policy brief presents selected findings from a comprehensive review and analysis of ASRH programming in Bangladesh, carried out by the Population Council’s Evidence Project, with financial support from USAID/Bangladesh, as part of …


Utilization Of National Health Insurance For Family Planning And Reproductive Health Services By The Urban Poor In Uttar Pradesh, India, Arupendra Mozumdar, Kumudha Aruldas, Aparna Jain, Laura Reichenbach, Robin Keeley, M.E. Khan Jan 2016

Utilization Of National Health Insurance For Family Planning And Reproductive Health Services By The Urban Poor In Uttar Pradesh, India, Arupendra Mozumdar, Kumudha Aruldas, Aparna Jain, Laura Reichenbach, Robin Keeley, M.E. Khan

Reproductive Health

In 2008, the Government of India launched the National Health Insurance Scheme, Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY), to enable families living below the poverty line in both urban and rural areas to access a range of private health services. The available evidence suggests several limitations and barriers that may affect the utilization of RSBY services and warrants a more in-depth examination of the contexts of family planning/reproductive health (FP/RH) services. The Population Council, under the Evidence project, conducted a study among the urban poor to: 1) determine RSBY awareness and barriers to enrollment; 2) identify barriers and facilitating factors to …


Landscape Analysis Of The Family Planning Situation In Pakistan—District Profile: Peshawar, Population Council Jan 2016

Landscape Analysis Of The Family Planning Situation In Pakistan—District Profile: Peshawar, Population Council

Reproductive Health

This district profile of Peshawar is part of the Landscape Analysis of the Family Planning Situation in Pakistan. The factsheet provides a detailed picture of use of antenatal and delivery care services; other socioeconomic indicators; availability of health facilities, pharmacies, and lady health workers; distribution of public static and private facilities by cadre; provision of specific family planning methods by sector; and presence and provision of family planning services/products. The factsheet concludes with a review of consumers’ perspectives on barriers to use of family planning and a chart listing district-specific donors, projects, and implementing partners. The analysis, conducted by the …


Introducing Contraceptive Methods In Low-Resource Settings: New Opportunities In Nigeria, Population Council Jan 2016

Introducing Contraceptive Methods In Low-Resource Settings: New Opportunities In Nigeria, Population Council

Reproductive Health

This factsheet outlines the Delivering Contraceptive Vaginal Rings project, awarded by USAID to the Population Council in October 2013 to foster the introduction of two contraceptive methods. The objectives of this project are to: 1) improve availability and affordability of a three-month Progesterone Vaginal Ring for postpartum breastfeeding women, and 2) facilitate regulatory approval and introduction of a one-year contraceptive vaginal ring containing Nestorone® and ethinyl estradiol—a long-acting method for non-breastfeeding women that is in the late stages of development. The factsheet identifies milestones achieved and new opportunities in Nigeria to implement activities in the year ahead.


Findings From Landscape Analysis In Cross River On Pre-Eclampsia/Eclampsia, Population Council Jan 2016

Findings From Landscape Analysis In Cross River On Pre-Eclampsia/Eclampsia, Population Council

Reproductive Health

Maternal and newborn deaths due to pre-eclampsia and eclampsia (PE/E) are preventable, yet in Nigeria this is the most significant direct cause of maternal deaths. To appreciate the enormity of this problem at country and state levels, a landscape analysis was conducted by the Population Council in 2015 on PE/E in seven states in Nigeria. This brief presents results for Cross River State and details findings on facility capacity and preparedness, service provider knowledge and skills, quality of care, community knowledge and perceptions, and survivors’ experiences. The brief recommends increasing community awareness of the condition, improving antenatal care quality, and …


Landscape Analysis Report On Pre-Eclampsia And Eclampsia In Pakistan, Ali M. Mir, Saleem Shaikh, Mumraiz Khan, Irfan Masood, Karen Kirk, Amy Dempsey, Charlotte E. Warren Jan 2016

Landscape Analysis Report On Pre-Eclampsia And Eclampsia In Pakistan, Ali M. Mir, Saleem Shaikh, Mumraiz Khan, Irfan Masood, Karen Kirk, Amy Dempsey, Charlotte E. Warren

Reproductive Health

This report presents the findings of a landscape analysis of the policy, programming, and service environment around prevention and treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia (PE/E) in Pakistan. The primary aim of the landscape analysis was to identify the policy and program level of activities, as well as gaps and challenges around prevention and treatment of PE/E and the use of magnesium sulphate at the provincial and district levels in Pakistan. The study was carried out by the Population Council in 2016, with the support of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) as part of the Project entitled “Ending …


Fact Sheet—Measuring Quality Of Care: A Review Of Methodologies And Indicators, Katherine Tumlinson Jan 2016

Fact Sheet—Measuring Quality Of Care: A Review Of Methodologies And Indicators, Katherine Tumlinson

Reproductive Health

Broad support for the promotion of high-quality service delivery in family planning (FP) programs is rooted in the publication in 1990 of a formal framework outlining its essential elements. This framework, developed by Judith Bruce of the Population Council, defines FP service delivery quality through six critical elements: choice of methods, information provided to clients, interpersonal relations, provider competence, follow-up mechanisms, and appropriate range of services offered. This factsheet argues that despite widespread endorsement of the Bruce framework and development of standardized data collection instruments, obstacles to accurate measures of quality of care remain. It concludes that further discussion within …


Evaluation De La Mise En Oeuvre Et Des Réalisations De L’Approche 3d Au Sein Du Plan D’Action National De Planification Familiale (Panpf) Au Sénégal—Technical Brief, Population Council Jan 2016

Evaluation De La Mise En Oeuvre Et Des Réalisations De L’Approche 3d Au Sein Du Plan D’Action National De Planification Familiale (Panpf) Au Sénégal—Technical Brief, Population Council

Reproductive Health

Leader dans le domaine de la Planification Familiale (PF) en Afrique de l’Ouest francophone, le Sénégal a entrepris diverses initiatives pour atteindre ses objectifs, dont l’élaboration du Plan d’Action National de Planification Familiale (PANPF) 2012–15, basé sur l’Approche 3D (Démocratisation, Démédicalisation, Décentralisation). Au moment où il arrivait à terme, et que l’élaboration d’un nouveau plan était envisagée, il était nécessaire de documenter l’approche, sa mise en œuvre, et ses réalisations. Le Population Council a mené cette étude en collaboration avec la Direction de la Santé de la Reproduction et de la Survie de l’Enfant du Ministère de la Santé et …


Landscape Analysis Of The Family Planning Situation In Pakistan: Brief Summary Of Findings, Population Council Jan 2016

Landscape Analysis Of The Family Planning Situation In Pakistan: Brief Summary Of Findings, Population Council

Reproductive Health

This brief provides a summary of the Landscape Analysis of the Family Planning Situation in Pakistan carried out by the Population Council with the support of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in 2015–16. The analysis provides a comprehensive assessment of consumer demand, contraceptive service provision, and contraceptive supply, and the provincial policy environment based on primary data collection in eight districts in Punjab, Sindh, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Its aim is to identify investment opportunities to catalyze an escalation in contraceptive prevalence, enabling Pakistan to meet its FP2020 goals.


Considerations On The Use And Interpretation Of Survey Data On Fgm/C, Bettina Shell-Duncan Jan 2016

Considerations On The Use And Interpretation Of Survey Data On Fgm/C, Bettina Shell-Duncan

Reproductive Health

This technical brief was written as an addendum to the trends presented in the “State of-Art-Synthesis of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: What Do We Know Now?” published in October 2016. This brief describes important sources of reliable data that have been generated in recent years, to provide accurate information on FGM/C practices and attitudes. The majority of these data are derived from cross-sectional survey research, and the brief notes the strengths and limitations of this research approach which should be borne in mind when using and interpreting these data. Table 1 summarizes nationally representative data on FGM/C available from a number …


The Fgm/C Research Programme, Jacinta Muteshi-Strachan Jan 2016

The Fgm/C Research Programme, Jacinta Muteshi-Strachan

Reproductive Health

No abstract provided.