Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Problems Of Advocacy, Robert J. S. Ross

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The recent past has seen the erosion, and among some, the rejection, of social science neutrality and professional detachment. Among the typical expressions of a new professionalism is the underdog advocate, who wishes to lend his or her skills to the cause of less-than-equal groups in the society. The paper analyzes the problems confronting such advocates. The first is the discrepancy between career routes and success behavior on one hand, and the needs of poor people on the other. The second is the difficulty encountered by middle strata professionals in cross-class and cross-cultural communication, including their own ignorance of the …

Introduction: Warfare-Welfare As A Serious Social Problem For Study And Action, Lawrence K. Northwood

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Throughout the Journal reference will be made to "The Warfare/Welfare State." When the term is used by the editors it refers to activities and programs in the public (governmental) sector having to do with the growth, development, and interrelationship of two of the major institutional complexes of society, the military and the social welfare.

There are two major reasons for the term:

First of all, it signals the findings of current research, that nations having large military budgets also have large budgets for social welfare. Both welfare and warfare seemingly are necessary components of the modern industrial state.

Second, it …

The Welfare Effort Of The United States: Know Then Thyself, Leonard S. Miller, Marleen Clark

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

It seems obvious that the United States is not meeting the welfare needs of all its citizens in a adequate and equitable manner. But, it is neither clear what rearrangement of national priorities would result in more resources for welfare state usage, nor, given the resources at its disposal, is it clear what priorities and activities within the welfare state would lead to best reeting the needs of its users. Countrymen, what is to be done?

There are two basic strategies that can be followed. One focuses on securing larger budgets for the welfare state, the other focuses on -al-in …

Social Policy And War, Paul Adams

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In view of the considerable disparity in the effect of World War II on national social policy, it is not surprising that British and American writers have viewed the relationship of war and social policy so differently. While these differences in part reflect the serious neglect of the importance of World War II for American social policy developments, they also reflect real variations of historical experience. I have attempted to develop a framework within which both national experiences can be understood. The framework takes account both of the nature of the war and the demands it makes upon the state …

The Political Economy Of Social Welfare: A Perspective, Christopher Rhoades Dykema

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Social welfare in the modern United States is an aspect of the legitimation and accumulation functions of government. It is legitimative in that it works to ameliorate the economy's disastrous human consequences. It fulfills the accumulation function by maintaining and enhancing conditions for the profitable conduct of commerce.1 These two basic functions can obviously be discharged in various ways and the social service worker's traditional commitment has co-existed with greater and lesser degrees of contentment with the nature of the existing society. Conscientious workers have always recognized that their role -- as mediators between individuals and organized society -- necessarily …

The Conservative Program For The Welfare-Warfare State: The Response To The Korean, Algerian, And Vietnamese Wars, Clarence Y.H. Lo

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper explains why the leaders of conservative political parties were so successful in the aftermith of limited wars. Conservative parties are those parties whose constituency is large and small business, managers, upper income professionals, and some white collar workers and farmers, exemplified by the Republican Party in the United States, the Gaullist Party in France, the Christian Democrats in Germany and Italy, and the Conservative Party in England. Conservative political leaders rose to power because they addressed the problems intensified by limited wars-- budget deficits, political stalemate, and inter-imperialist rivalries-- and, to some extent, enacted short term solutions--budget cuts, …

The Welfare State Within The Military, Charles Maynard, Ann Blalock

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Much has been written concerning the extent to which contemporary industrialized societies meet the accepted criteria of a "welfare state". By contrast, the literature on the welfare aspects of the military as an institution within societies is comparatively sparse. Yet internally, military establishments often exhibit many welfare state attributes. Within the military's organizational territory and authority, members are provided with a wide spectrum of comprehensive universal entitlements--social, economic, occupational, educational, and medical. The formal parameters of the U.S. military establishment's welfare entitlements give the undeniable appearance of a bonafide welfare state whose provision is significantly more benevolent and equitable than …

Social Wolk In Relief And Rehabilitation After Wars, At Home And Abroad, Walter A. Friedlander

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In the United States after the wars of the 19th. century, particularly after the Civil War, no professional social workers existed who could have cared for the wounded soldiers and civilians or for the disabled veterans. But in Europe, during the war of France and Italy against Austria, in 1859, the foundation of some services for the wounded soldiers of the three involved nations were laid by a Swiss banker, Henry Dunant of Geneva who arrived by accident on the evening of the bloody battle in Solferino (Italy) and started to help bandaging some of the bleeding victims of this …

Alienation Of Youth As An Unintended Consequence Of Military Assistance In Africa: Illustrations From The Ethiopian Experience, Quentin F. Schenk

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The development of global competition between Russia and the United States led to a dramatic diversion of the resources of the United States to military and quasi-military programs. Some of the objectives of the competition were to maintain United States influence and power over its empire in the Middle East and Africa: to monitor the Red Sea; to have a presence near Egypt, especially in view of the development of the Aswan Dam by the Russians; to have proximity to its Asian colony, Israel; to keep watch over its oil in Saudi Arabia; to establish and man satellite tracking stations …

The Soft Spot: How To Attack The Pentagon, Marion Anderson

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Have you been wondering why al I the ideas you learned in Economics I haven't been working? Why the forecasts made at summit meetings of economists seem to go wrong? Why the U.S. economy, in utter disregard of all the rules of classical economics, suffers rising inflation and rising unemployment at the same time?

Well, there are reasons. Reasons that establishment economists have not wanted to face, and sti I I refuse to face, because the great myth of the last three decades would then be exposed. The myth is that we are so rich, so productive and so favored …

Social Welfare And Some Implications Of Non-Violence, Mulford Q. Sibley

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

A new journal has made its appearance. It is called Soldier of Fortune and is devoted to the concerns of "professional adventurers"--that is, to those who would like to become hired violent fighters in various parts of the world. The journal opens its columns to their advertisements: "Ex-marine seeks employment as mercenary, full-time or job contract, prefers South or Central America but all offers considered." "Experienced mature fighter/seeks assignment anywhere.... " In defending his journal from the charge of encouraging brutality, the founder says: "After all, booze is brutal, cars are brutal, sex is brutal. There's a need for guns …

21-Archaeological Survey Of Proposed Sewer Line Rights-Of-Way In The City Of Portage, Michigan, Robert G. Kingsley

Reports of Investigations

On August 2 - 4, 1977, an archaeological survey was conducted at the request of Mr. Dallas Williams of the City of Portage, Michigan. The survey involved inspection of sewer line rights-of-way in an attempt to locate extant cultural resources in these areas prior to construction. The areas to be surveyed were outlined and identified by Dr. Jeffery Sutherland of Williams and Works, Grand Rapids, Michigan.

The Informant Volume Ix, Number 2, Western Michigan University

Informant (1968-1981)

Volume IX, Number 2

Winter 1977

• Must and Müssen: A Study in Contrasts
• Faculty-Staff News
• Alumni News -- Graduate Majors
• Alumni News -- Undergraduate Majors
• Alumni News -- Undergraduate Minors
• Recent Graduates
• New Students in Linguistics Programs
• New Critical Language Minors
• New Undergraduate Minors
• New Undergraduate Majors
• New Graduate Majors
• Recent Publications
• Linguistics Department Fall 1977
• Diamond Jubilee Issue

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 4, Nos. 3 & 4 (January/March 1977)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword

• Hon. George McGovern, United States Senator
• Chauncey Alexander, National Association of Social Workers

I. Introduction

• Warfare-Welfare as a Serious Social Problem for Study and Action - L. K. NORTHWOOD, Editor

II. Crisis in the Warfare/Welfare State

• Eighteen Leading Social Critics Comment: What is the Real Threat to World Peace and Social Security? - KENNETH A. KIRKPATRICK and L. K. NORTHWOOD
• A Moment of Truth in the Warfare-Welfare Debate: The Transfer Amendment - HON. ELIZABETH HOLTZMAN
• New York City and the Economic Crisis - JOSEPH HARRIS

III. The Rise of the Warfare/Welfare State

• The Warfare-Welfare Tradeoff: Health, …

17-Archaeological Survey Of Proposed Sewage Treatment Facilities At Duck Lake, Calhoun County, Michigan, Robert G. Kingsley

Reports of Investigations

On June 27 and 28, an archaeological survey was conducted at Duck Lake, Calhoun County, Michigan. The work was requested by Mr. Brian Lorence of the Calhoun County Department of Public Works. The project involved inspection of sewer line rights-of-way and a treatment facilities site prior to actual construction.

14-Archaeological Survey Of Proposed Sewer Line Rights-Of-Way In Battle Creek Twp., Calhoun County, Michigan, Robert G. Kingsley

Reports of Investigations

On May 26, an archaeological survey was conducted in Battle Creek Twp., Calhoun County, at the request of Mr. Robert Boruszewski of the Calhoun Coun,ty Department of Public Works. The areas surveyed consisted of proposed sewer line rights-of-way that do not lie directly under or adjacent to existing road beds. The areas to be surveyed were identified by Mr. Wes Daining of Jones and Henry Engineers, Ltd., of Toledo, Ohio.

18-Archaeological Survey Of Proposed Portage Park, Portage, Michigan, Robert G. Kingsley

Reports of Investigations

On July 8, 1977, an archaeological survey was conducted at the request of Mr. Patrick L. Loeprich of the City of Portage, Michigan. The survey involved inspection of an area where the proposed Portage Park will be located; attention focused on the locating of historic or prehistoric sites in the area to be impacted.

20-Archaeological Survey Of Proposed Sewage Treatment Facilities Site In White Pigeon, Michigan, Robert G. Kingsley

Reports of Investigations

An archaeological survey was conducted on July 26, 1977, near the town of White Pigeon, Michigan. The survey, done at the request of Mr. Michael Smith of Petrie and Associates, Inc., of Benton Harbor, Michigan, involved inspection of the proposed site to determine if the area contained cultural resources.

16-Archaeological Survey Of Proposed Sewage Treatment Facilities Site In Nashville, Michigan, Robert G. Kingsley

Reports of Investigations

This project was performed on June 21 and 22, 1977. The project involved archaeological survey of a proposed sewage treatment facilities site west of Nashville, MI. The work was requested by Dr. Jeffery Sutherland of Williams and Works of Grand Rapids, MI; Dr. Sutherland also outlined the area to be examined.

15-Archaeological Survey Of Proposed Sewer Line Rights-Of-Way In Pennfield Twp., Calhoun County, Michigan, Robert G. Kingsley

Reports of Investigations

On May 17, an archaeological survey was conducted at the request of Mr.Robert Boruszewski of the Calhoun County Department of. Public Works. The survey involved inspection of proposed sewer line rights-of-way in Pennfield Twp., prior to the start of construction. The areas to be impacted and surveyed were outlined by Mr. Philip Braswell of Snell Environmental Group, Inc. of Lansing, Michigan.

13-Archaeological Survey Of Proposed Sewer Line Rights-Of-Way And Treatment Facilities In Colon, Michigan, Robert G. Kingsley

Reports of Investigations

On May 24 an archaeological survey was performed at the request of Mr. James T. Nordlund of Richardson, Nordlund and Dunlap, Inc. of Ludington, Michigan. The survey involved inspection of proposed sewer line right-of- way and treatment facilities in the area of Colon, Michigan, to determine if extant cultural resources existed in these areas.

12-Archaeological Survey Of Proposed 24th Street And Ab Avenue Project, Richland Twp., Kalamazoo Co., Michigan, Robert G. Kingsley

Reports of Investigations

On April 26 and 27, 1977, an archaeological survey was undertaken at the request of Mr. Ron Copping of the Kalamazoo County Board of Road Commissioners. The survey involved reconnaissance of the proposed 24th Street and AB avenue project in Richland Twp. The road commission has planned to widen and pave this gravel road and to construct a new curve at the point where 24th Street and AB Avenue meet; this survey was undertaken to inspect proposed impact areas before construction takes place.

Social Wolk In Relief And Rehabilitation After Wars, At Home Aid Abroad, Walter A. Friedlander

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In the United States after the wars of the 19th. century, particularly after the Civil War, no professional social workers existed who could have cared for the wounded soldiers and civilians or for the disabled veterans. But in Europe, during the war of France and Italy against Austria, in 1859, the foundation of some services for the wounded soldiers of the three involved nations were laid by a Swiss banker, Henry Dunant of Geneva who arrived by accident on the evening of the bloody battle in Solferino (Italy) and started to help bandaging some of the bleeding victims of this …

Eighteen Leading Social Critics Comment: What Is The Real Threat To World Peace And Social Security?, Kenneth A. Kirkpatrick, L. K. Northwood

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

What is the real threat to world peace and social security? Is it the prevalent ideology of violence, aggressive nationalism, and militarism? Or is it the maldistribution of resources, technology, and social welfare benefits? How much of itsnational budget must the U.S. allocate to military expenditures? How can the national budget priorities be changed so there is a more realistic funding of social programs? Do we face as great a threat of nuclear annihilation in the '70's and the '80's as we did in the early '60's?

Edited by Kenneth A. Kirkpatrick and L. K. Northwood

Social Policy And War, Paul Adams

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

American writers on social policy usually treat war as a diversion or interruption of progress towards a welfare state. The progressive era was cut off by World War I, the New Deal was liquidated as a hostile Congress and indifferent President turned their attention to World War II , and the War on rove-ty gave way to the war on Vietnam. "War," Max Lerner said in 1940, ''generally puts an end to any period of social reform." British writers, however, see it differently.

Which Side Are You On?, Olga J. Northwood

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

No abstract provided.

Foreword To The Special Issue, Chauncey Alexander

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Foreword to the special issue: Warfare or Welfare -- Which Direction for America?

Introduction: Warfare-Welfare As A Serious Social Problem For Study And Action, L. K. Northwood

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Throughout the Journal reference will be made to "The Warfare/Welfare State." When the term is used by the editors it refers to activities and programs in the public (governmental) sector having to do with the growth, development, and interrelationship of two of the major institutional complexes of society, the military and the social welfare.

A Moment Of Truth In The Warfare-Welfare Debate: The Transfer Amendment, Elizabeth Holtzman

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The controversy over the budget is much more than a debate about how much should be spent in 1977 on the military, or social programs. It is more than a struggle between two branches of the federal government--the legislative and the executive-- over which body should determine the national priorities. Ultimately questions are raised about the viability of the democratic planning process in the warfare/welfare state, and how the people--the governed--can be adequately represented in the process. All of these issues are touched on explicitly or implicitly by Congresswoman Holtzman in the debate (although, to be sure, she was most …

The Warfare-Welfare Tradeoff: Health, Public Aid And Housing, Kathleen Peroff

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

It is a truism that resources devoted to defense are unavailable for nondefense purposes. Investment in defense takes place partly by reducing civilian spending on consumer and capital goods through tax rates that are higher than they would otherwise be and partly by reducing government spending on non-defense programs. The purpose of this paper is to test for the existence and magnitude of the latter tradeoff over the years 1929-1971 in the United States. In particular, the analysis concerns the tradeoff between defense and three social welfare policies: health, public aid and housing. In addition, the analysis examines whether these …