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University of Nevada, Las Vegas

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Articles 1561 - 1590 of 5401

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Neural Correlates Of Perceptual Switching While Listening To Bistable Auditory Streaming Stimuli, Nathan C. Higgins, David Frank Little, Breanne D. Yerkes, Karli M. Nave, Abin Kuruvilla-Mathew, M. Elhilai, Joel S. Snyder Sep 2019

Neural Correlates Of Perceptual Switching While Listening To Bistable Auditory Streaming Stimuli, Nathan C. Higgins, David Frank Little, Breanne D. Yerkes, Karli M. Nave, Abin Kuruvilla-Mathew, M. Elhilai, Joel S. Snyder

Psychology Faculty Research

Understanding the neural underpinning of conscious perception remains one of the primary challenges of cognitive neuroscience. Theories based mostly on studies of the visual system differ according to whether the neural activity giving rise to conscious perception occurs in modality-specific sensory cortex or in associative areas, such as the frontal and parietal cortices. Here, we search for modality-specific conscious processing in the auditory cortex using a bistable stream segregation paradigm that presents a constant stimulus without the confounding influence of physical changes to sound properties. ABA_ triplets (i.e., alternating low, A, and high, B, tones, and _ gap) with a …

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Digitalization And The American Workforce, Mary Blankenship, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Sep 2019

Digitalization And The American Workforce, Mary Blankenship, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Economic Development & Workforce

This Fact Sheet examines the rate of digitalization within the Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) of the Mountain West division using the findings and data from Digitalization and the American Workforce, a report from the Brookings Institution.

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Payday Lenders And Credit Cards: A Hidden Driver Of Income Inequality, Aaron Klein Sep 2019

Payday Lenders And Credit Cards: A Hidden Driver Of Income Inequality, Aaron Klein

Brookings Scholar Lecture Series

As part of the Brookings Scholar Lecture Series, Brookings Mountain West presents a lecture titled "Payday Lenders and Credit Cards: A Hidden Driver of Income Inequality" by Brookings Fellow in Economic Studies, Aaron Klein. This lecture examines how, for millions of working families, America’s slow payment system costs billions of dollars. The system needs technological innovation, but incumbency, economies of scale, and government may counter technological advancement. This lecture explores if the U.S. remains the dominant global standards setter for payment instruments.

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Economic Growth In Mountain West Metropolitan Areas, Ember Smith, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Sep 2019

Economic Growth In Mountain West Metropolitan Areas, Ember Smith, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Economic Development & Workforce

This Fact Sheet highlights trends in America’s economic progress, demonstrating how four metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in the Mountain West region (Salt Lake City, Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, and Denver-Aurora-Lakewood) fared from 2016 to 2017 and from 2007 to 2017 compared to the national economy and the 100 largest metropolitan economies.

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The Mountain West: Affordable Housing Opportunities, Kaylie Pattni, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Sep 2019

The Mountain West: Affordable Housing Opportunities, Kaylie Pattni, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Housing & Real Estate

This fact sheet provides selected data pertaining to the Mountain West region from, The Gap: A Shortage of Affordable Homes, a 2018 report by the National Low Income Housing Coalition. The report includes statistics “based on data from the 2016 American Community Survey (ACS) Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS). THE ACS is an annual nationwide survey of approximately 3.5 million addresses.”

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Sex, Energy, Well-Being And Low Testosterone: An Exploratory Survey Of U.S. Men’S Experiences On Prescription Testosterone, Alex A. Straftis, Peter B. Gray Sep 2019

Sex, Energy, Well-Being And Low Testosterone: An Exploratory Survey Of U.S. Men’S Experiences On Prescription Testosterone, Alex A. Straftis, Peter B. Gray

Anthropology Faculty Research

Prescription testosterone sales in the United States have skyrocketed in the last two decades due to an aging population, direct-to-consumer advertising, and prescriber views of the benefits and risks to testosterone, among other factors. However, few studies have attempted to directly examine patient experiences on prescription testosterone therapy. The present exploratory study involved an online self-report survey of U.S. testosterone patients who were at least 21 years of age. The primary focus was on patient perspectives concerning motivations leading to the initiation of testosterone therapy and the perceived effects of treatment. Responses to open-ended questions drew upon a coding scheme …

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Decline In Telomere Length By Age And Effect Modification By Gender, Allostatic Load And Comorbidities In National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2002), Saruna Ghimire, Carl V. Hill, Francisco S. Sy, Rachelle Rodriguez Aug 2019

Decline In Telomere Length By Age And Effect Modification By Gender, Allostatic Load And Comorbidities In National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2002), Saruna Ghimire, Carl V. Hill, Francisco S. Sy, Rachelle Rodriguez

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Background: This study aims to assess the decline in telomere length (TL) with age and evaluate effect modification by gender, chronic stress, and comorbidity in a representative sample of the US population. Methods: Cross-sectional data on 7826 adults with a TL measurement, were included from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, years 1999–2002. The population rate of decline in TL across 10-year age categories was estimated using crude and adjusted regression. Results: In an adjusted model, the population rate of decline in TL with age was consistent and linear for only three age categories: 20–29 (β = -0.0172, 95% …

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The Impact Of Pedestrian Crossing Flags On Driver Yielding Behavior In Las Vegas, Nv, Sheila Clark, Courtney Coughenour, Kelly Baumgarner, Hanns De La Fuente-Mella, Chantel Reynolds, James Abelar Aug 2019

The Impact Of Pedestrian Crossing Flags On Driver Yielding Behavior In Las Vegas, Nv, Sheila Clark, Courtney Coughenour, Kelly Baumgarner, Hanns De La Fuente-Mella, Chantel Reynolds, James Abelar

Environmental & Occupational Health Faculty Presentations

Walking is the most affordable, accessible, and environmentally friendly method of transportation. However, the risk of pedestrian injury or death from motor vehicle crashes is significant, particularly in sprawling metropolitan areas. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of pedestrian crossing flags (PCFs) on driver yielding behaviors. Participants crossed a marked, midblock crosswalk on a multilane road in Las Vegas, Nevada, with and without PCFs, to determine if there were differences in driver yielding behaviors (n = 160 crossings). Trained observers recorded (1) the number of vehicles that passed in the nearest lane without yielding while the …

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Criminal Arrests In Clark County, Nevada, By Jurisdiction 2006-2016, Elia Del Carmen Solano-Patricio, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Jr. Aug 2019

Criminal Arrests In Clark County, Nevada, By Jurisdiction 2006-2016, Elia Del Carmen Solano-Patricio, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Criminal Justice

Criminal arrests in Southern Nevada are on a downward trend. Despite a record-setting influx in population across the Las Vegas Valley and the surrounding metro area, officers in each of Clark County’s police jurisdictions arrest fewer people every year. The present study utilizes the Arrest Trends Tool created by the Vera Institute of Justice and the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program to measure the number of arrests made over ten years for a variety of illegal activities, including drug abuse, violence and murder, property crimes, sex crimes, alcohol-related crimes, theft, white collar crimes, and other offenses. This data set …

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Connecting The Institutional Repository To The Framework For Information Literacy, Andrea Wirth Aug 2019

Connecting The Institutional Repository To The Framework For Information Literacy, Andrea Wirth

Library Faculty Research

Scholarly communication and information literacy as foci of librarianship are readily integrated and the connection between the two is well established. Both consider research as a process that starts before and continues well past the point of publication or citation. They each incorporate critical thinking about information sources, authority, context, format, and more. This poster demonstrates how one common element of scholarly communication - the institutional repository - is a conduit to the concepts of the Framework for Information Literacy. Learners' contributions to the repository, assignment of keywords to their own works, discovery and evaluation of resources held in repositories, …

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State & Local Per Pupil Funding For Higher Education In The Mountain West States, Eshaan Vakil, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Aug 2019

State & Local Per Pupil Funding For Higher Education In The Mountain West States, Eshaan Vakil, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Higher Education

This Fact Sheet summarizes and expands upon the findings of the College Board’s 2016-17 State and Local Funding for Higher Education per Student and per $1,000 in Personal Income and 10-Year Percentage Change in Inflation-Adjusted Funding per Student, by State report on per pupil and per $1,000 in personal income governmental funding for higher education in the United States in 2016-17. For the purposes of this Fact Sheet, the focus of the report has been narrowed to states located within the Mountain West region of the United States (Nevada, Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico).

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Grandparenting In Urban Bangalore, India: Support And Involvement From The Standpoint Of Young Adult University Students, Peter B. Gray, Watinaro Longkumer, Santona Panda, Madhavi Rangaswamy Aug 2019

Grandparenting In Urban Bangalore, India: Support And Involvement From The Standpoint Of Young Adult University Students, Peter B. Gray, Watinaro Longkumer, Santona Panda, Madhavi Rangaswamy

Anthropology Faculty Research

A variety of caregivers, including grandparents, help raise children. Among grandparents, most Western samples evidence a matrilateral (i.e., mother’s kin) bias in caregiving, and many studies show more positive impacts and stronger relationships with grandmothers than grandfathers. The aim of the present study is to test competing hypotheses about a potential laterality bias and explore contrasts between grandmothers and grandfathers in a sample of urban young adult university students in Bangalore, India. A sample of 377 (252 women) relatively mobile and high socioeconomic status individuals 17 to 25 years of age completed a survey consisting of sociodemographic and grandparenting questions. …

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Urban & Suburban Population Growth In The Mountain West, Elia Del Carmen Solano-Patricio, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Aug 2019

Urban & Suburban Population Growth In The Mountain West, Elia Del Carmen Solano-Patricio, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Demography

This Fact Sheet summarizes and adapts the findings of the Brookings Institution’s report on population growth and loss in the nation’s top 87 largest cities and top 53 metropolitan areas. For the purposes of this Fact Sheet, the focus of the report is narrowed to 14 cities and 5 metropolitan areas located within the Mountain West region of the United States (Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah).

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Las Vegas And Reno, Nevada Renter Migration, Peter Grema, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Aug 2019

Las Vegas And Reno, Nevada Renter Migration, Peter Grema, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Demography

This Fact Sheet summarizes and expands upon the findings of Apartment List’s Renter Migration Report. The data presented herein focuses on renter search inquiries (both inbound and outbound) regarding Las Vegas and Reno, Nevada.

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Defense Spending By State - Nevada Fiscal Year 2017, Peter Grema, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Aug 2019

Defense Spending By State - Nevada Fiscal Year 2017, Peter Grema, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Economic Development & Workforce

This Fact Sheet reprints two pages from the March 2019 DEFENSE SPENDING BY STATE (FISCAL YEAR 2017) publication issued by the United States Department of Defense: Office of Economic Adjustment for the purposes of relaying information related to defense spending in the State of Nevada.1 The original report presents data from fiscal year 2017, the most recent annual data available at the time of publication.

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Honoring The Unique Strengths Of First-Gen Students Through Community-Based Participatory Research, Rebekah D'Amato, Priscilla Gutierrez, Bibi Lopez, Eduardo Martinez, David Ramos Candelas, Chelsea Heinbach, Rosan Mitola Aug 2019

Honoring The Unique Strengths Of First-Gen Students Through Community-Based Participatory Research, Rebekah D'Amato, Priscilla Gutierrez, Bibi Lopez, Eduardo Martinez, David Ramos Candelas, Chelsea Heinbach, Rosan Mitola

Library Faculty Presentations

No abstract provided.

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You Have To Work For It: Transitioning From Passive To Active Diversity Recruitment, Amy E. Tureen Aug 2019

You Have To Work For It: Transitioning From Passive To Active Diversity Recruitment, Amy E. Tureen

Library Faculty Presentations

Perhaps the most interesting thing about UNLV Libraries' transition from passive to active diversity recruitment is that the transition has been the organic & iterative. Individual choices made by specific hiring managers & search committees were repeated and improved upon by subsequent committees & hiring managers, slowly filtering up the organization until such choices were codified by HR and administration. In our experience, anyone can participate in promoting active diversity recruitment. Such initiatives do not need to come exclusively from the top down.

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Automation Potential And Artificial Intelligence, Ember Smith, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Aug 2019

Automation Potential And Artificial Intelligence, Ember Smith, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Economic Development & Workforce

This Fact Sheet highlights the automation potential in the Mountain West states (Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and Colorado) and its metropolitan statistical areas using the findings of Automation and Artificial Intelligence: How machines are affecting people and places, a report by the Brookings Institution.

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The Influence Of Legal Brothels On Illegal Sexual Service Purchasing Habits: The U.S. Context, Chris Wakefield, Barbara G. Brents Aug 2019

The Influence Of Legal Brothels On Illegal Sexual Service Purchasing Habits: The U.S. Context, Chris Wakefield, Barbara G. Brents

Sociology Faculty Research

In this study, we use a survey of sex workers’ clients to examine the relationship between having paid for services in legal brothels in Nevada and paying for criminalized sexual services among male clients. Using ordinary least squares (OLS) and generalized ordered logistic regression models, the use of legal brothels is found to be negatively related to reported purchasing of criminalized sexual services, regardless of criminal history, income, and most other demographic factors. When tested by criminalized purchase context, purchases made using the Internet, from public, outdoor contacts (such as the street) and indoor, public contacts (like bars), were less …

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Chmura Economic Diversity Index: Nevada Counties And Southwest Metros, Madison Frazee-Bench, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Aug 2019

Chmura Economic Diversity Index: Nevada Counties And Southwest Metros, Madison Frazee-Bench, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Economic Development & Workforce

This Fact Sheet highlights Nevada and Mountain West data from the 2018 Economic Diversity Index (EDI), prepared by Chmura Economics & Analysis the economic diversity data details the disparities within counties in Nevada. The tables below show the different levels of economic diversity that exist in Nevada’s counties and other relevant metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs).

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Economic Innovation Group (Eig) 2018 Distressed Communities Index (Dci): Nevada Counties, Lauren Fousek, Caitlin Saladino Aug 2019

Economic Innovation Group (Eig) 2018 Distressed Communities Index (Dci): Nevada Counties, Lauren Fousek, Caitlin Saladino

Economic Development & Workforce

This Fact Sheet highlights the Economic Distress Indicators (EDI) for the 17 counties within Nevada. Using the Economic Innovations Group1 DCI (Distressed Communities Index),2 the Tables that follow report EDI for each of the 17 counties in Nevada, grouped within two time-frames (2007-2011 and 2012-2016), and showing change over time. The data provides the opportunity to compare how the Great Recession affected communities across the nation and how the ongoing recovery is reshaping the economies and social networks of our nation.

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2014, 2015, & 2016 National Science Foundation (Nsf) Rankings By Total R&D Expenditures, Ashley Leclair, William E. Brown, Caitlin Saladino Aug 2019

2014, 2015, & 2016 National Science Foundation (Nsf) Rankings By Total R&D Expenditures, Ashley Leclair, William E. Brown, Caitlin Saladino

Higher Education

This Fact Sheet presents NSF data for ten individual research universities in addition to the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) and the University of Nevada, Reno (UNR) for the years 2014-2016. The Fact Sheet compares the NSF funding received by 10 individual research universities to the combined funding received by UNLV and UNR.

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Racial Segregation In U.S. Areas, Yanneli Llamas, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Aug 2019

Racial Segregation In U.S. Areas, Yanneli Llamas, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Demography

This Fact Sheet highlights racial segregation in some of the Mountain West’s largest metros: Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV; Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA; and Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ, otherwise known as the Southwest Megapolitan Triangle. The Tables that follow illustrate residential segregation in these three major metropolitan areas.

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Born And Raised - Native Nevadans, Madison Frazee-Bench, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Aug 2019

Born And Raised - Native Nevadans, Madison Frazee-Bench, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Demography

This Fact Sheet highlights population shifts and investigates the adult population of Nevada counties. Data from a 2017 GOVERNING report details Nevada’s counties and their populations.

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In Pursuit Of Social Justice At The Postmodern Turn: Intersectional Activism Through The Lens Of The Ecosexual Movement, Jennifer Jean Reed Aug 2019

In Pursuit Of Social Justice At The Postmodern Turn: Intersectional Activism Through The Lens Of The Ecosexual Movement, Jennifer Jean Reed

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

In this study, I examine the development of the ecosexual movement, a social movement that begins at the intersection of environmental and sexual struggles, from its inception in the late 1990s/early 2000s. Previous research suggests intersectionality in social movements often ends up being divisive because it emphasizes difference. Using a mixed qualitative methods design including ethnographic field work, interviews, and content analysis of related web and print materials, I analyze how the ecosexual movement negotiates intersectionality. I found the ecosexual movement links processual notions of environmental justice and sexual justice through a dominant collective action frame of queer, erotic, “irreverent …

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Optimization Of Motor Performance, Lee-Kuen Chua Aug 2019

Optimization Of Motor Performance, Lee-Kuen Chua

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

According to the OPTIMAL (Optimizing Performance Through Intrinsic Motivation and Attention of Learning) theory of motor learning, enhanced expectancies (EE), autonomy support (AS), and external focus (EF) augment the coupling of a person’s actions to intended movement goals. This goal-action coupling is postulated to boost a person’s focus on goal-related aspects of the motor task while reducing the person’s self-related thoughts, resulting in enhanced performance of skilled movements as well as in improving the acquisition outcomes for the learning of motor skills. The three studies in this compilation report were aimed at providing empirical evidence for the motor performance benefits …

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Effects Associated With The Deployment Of Autonomous And Connected Vehicles: Insights From Las Vegas, Nv, Sarah Dennis Aug 2019

Effects Associated With The Deployment Of Autonomous And Connected Vehicles: Insights From Las Vegas, Nv, Sarah Dennis

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Autonomous and connected vehicles (ACVs) are quickly evolving and becoming part of our transportation systems. Adoption of this technology is largely dependent on public perceptions and comfort. The objective of this study was to evaluate public perceptions of ACVs and gain knowledge regarding potential use and important aspects towards acceptance of ACVs. Specifically, the differences in perceptions of people who have ridden an ACV are compared to those who have not. A stated preference approach was utilized, as this is an emerging technology. Two different survey questionnaires were distributed. The first survey was distributed to participants considered to be members …

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A Controlled Examination Of Motivational Strategies: Reviewing Positive Consequences For Goal Achievement, Negative Consequences For Undesired Behavior, And A Relaxation Exercise, Yulia Gavrilova Aug 2019

A Controlled Examination Of Motivational Strategies: Reviewing Positive Consequences For Goal Achievement, Negative Consequences For Undesired Behavior, And A Relaxation Exercise, Yulia Gavrilova

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Introduction: Motivation is an integral part of human life and one of the most fundamental aspects of behavior change. Of interest to the present study are two motivational approaches, Negative Consequences Review (NCR) and Positive Consequences Review (PCR). NCR is an intervention component originally designed as part of Family Behavior Therapy (FBT) to motivate individuals with their goals through a discussion of negative consequences associated with undesired behaviors. PCR was developed as an auxiliary component of FBT to inspire individuals’ motivation to achieve their goals through a discussion about positive consequences of reaching goals. Purpose: The purpose of this study …

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Schools And Crime: An Empirical Analysis Of School Safety Measures, Heather Gilmore Aug 2019

Schools And Crime: An Empirical Analysis Of School Safety Measures, Heather Gilmore

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

During the 2015-2016 academic year, more than three-fourths of public schools reported having a violent, property, or other crime on their campuses (Musu-Gillette et al., 2018). While most students do not experience victimization (Musu-Gillette et al., 2018), a large portion schools do report criminal activity on campus. The desire for improved school strategies on crime is warranted, particularly as student populations continue to grow, increasing to 56.6 million students (NCES, 2018). The focus, however, has remained primarily on violence and specific types of school security measures. The purpose of this study is to close the gaps in the literature and …

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Healthcare Access And Utilization By Transgender Populations: A United States Transgender Survey Study, Axenya Kachen Aug 2019

Healthcare Access And Utilization By Transgender Populations: A United States Transgender Survey Study, Axenya Kachen

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Transgender communities in the United States are highly marginalized and have been systematically and infrastructurally ignored due to the widespread fundamental belief that gender exists as a binary classification. The dichotomous theoretical framework of sex and gender prevented public recognition of this community as a population of interest for public health research and targeted intervention. Sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations have fought for basic human rights, including access to affordable healthcare. The National Center for Transgender Equality (NCTE) was founded in 2003 to advocate for the advancement of equality for transgender people. In 2015, the NCTE conducted the United …

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