Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

University of Nevada, Las Vegas

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 1411 - 1440 of 5401

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Is Fatness Or Fitness Key For Survival In Older Adults With Intellectual Disabilities?, Alyt Oppewal, Thessa Hilgenkamp Mar 2020

Is Fatness Or Fitness Key For Survival In Older Adults With Intellectual Disabilities?, Alyt Oppewal, Thessa Hilgenkamp

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

Background: Overweight/obesity and poor physical fitness are two prevalent lifestyle‐related problems in older adults with intellectual disabilities, which each require a different approach. To improve healthy ageing, we assessed whether fatness or fitness is more important for survival in older adults with intellectual disabilities. Methods: In the HA‐ID study, we measured obesity and fitness of 874 older adults with intellectual disabilities (61.4 ± 7.8 years). All‐cause mortality was assessed over a 5‐year follow‐up period. Results: Fitness, but not obesity, was significantly related to survival (HR range of 0.17–0.22). People who were unfit were 3.58 (95% CI = 1.72–7.46) to 4.59 …

Go to article

How Startups Help Cities Measure Their Economic Development Frontier, Mary Blankenship, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Mar 2020

How Startups Help Cities Measure Their Economic Development Frontier, Mary Blankenship, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Economic Development & Workforce

This Fact Sheet provides data on the ability of Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) in the Mountain West to foster innovative and technology-driven industries, utilizing information presented by the Brookings Institution report, “How startups help cities measure their economic development frontier."

Go to article

In Vitro And In Vivo Effects Of Flavonoids On Peripheral Neuropathic Pain, Paramita Basu, Arpita Basu Mar 2020

In Vitro And In Vivo Effects Of Flavonoids On Peripheral Neuropathic Pain, Paramita Basu, Arpita Basu

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research

Neuropathic pain is a common symptom and is associated with an impaired quality of life. It is caused by the lesion or disease of the somatosensory system. Neuropathic pain syndromes can be subdivided into two categories: central and peripheral neuropathic pain. The present review highlights the peripheral neuropathic models, including spared nerve injury, spinal nerve ligation, partial sciatic nerve injury, diabetes-induced neuropathy, chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, chronic constriction injury, and related conditions. The drugs which are currently used to attenuate peripheral neuropathy, such as antidepressants, anticonvulsants, baclofen, and clonidine, are associated with adverse side effects. These negative side effects necessitate the investigation …

Go to article

Metadata For Compound Objects, Marina Georgieva Mar 2020

Metadata For Compound Objects, Marina Georgieva

Library Faculty Presentations

This training introduced the large-scale approach to describing multi-page digital compound objects. It was developed to disambiguate and clarify the new approach of describing compound objects in Project client/ContentDm. The training focused on important metadata fields, provided practical examples and instructed student assistants and staff how to apply the new rules consistently across all collections. The training session was followed by hands-on activities and discussion.

Go to article

A Coward's Mother Does Not Weep: The Crisis Of Masculinity In Armenian Society, Nerses Kopalyan Mar 2020

A Coward's Mother Does Not Weep: The Crisis Of Masculinity In Armenian Society, Nerses Kopalyan

Political Science Faculty Research

An Armenian man, by his very disposition, must be courageous, a tough guy, bound by honor, a prolific philanderer, an obedient son, a domineering father, a strict husband, and an altruistic friend. He is, in essence, a myth, constructed by his culture, extolled by its values, and in the end, he is doomed to fail. Why? Because he is a walking paradox. In fact, this paradox is superimposed upon him - the stature of Armenian masculinity [1] would have it no other way. He is Atlas, carrying the burden of everyone and everything around him. He is his father’s hope, …

Go to article

Artificial Intelligence & Personal Finance: Legal And Ethical Implications, Aaron Klein Mar 2020

Artificial Intelligence & Personal Finance: Legal And Ethical Implications, Aaron Klein

Brookings Scholar Lecture Series

As part of the Brookings Scholar Lecture Series, Brookings Mountain West presents a lecture titled "Artificial Intelligence and Personal Finance: Legal and Ethical Implications" by Brookings fellow in economic studies, Aaron Klein. The rise of big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence herald great promise in making our financial system safer, fairer, and more inclusive. However, the legacy of the use of credit as a tool to enforce and promote discrimination means these same tools can recreate and reinforce biases in ways that challenge basic ethics and the law. This lecture explores how data is used to make financial decisions, …

Go to article

Emotion Perception In Hadza Hunter-Gatherers, Maria Gendron, Katie Hoemann, Alyssa N. Crittenden, Shani Msafiri Mangola, Gregory A. Ruark, Lisa Feldman Barrett Mar 2020

Emotion Perception In Hadza Hunter-Gatherers, Maria Gendron, Katie Hoemann, Alyssa N. Crittenden, Shani Msafiri Mangola, Gregory A. Ruark, Lisa Feldman Barrett

Anthropology Faculty Research

It has long been claimed that certain configurations of facial movements are universally recognized as emotional expressions because they evolved to signal emotional information in situations that posed fitness challenges for our hunting and gathering hominin ancestors. Experiments from the last decade have called this particular evolutionary hypothesis into doubt by studying emotion perception in a wider sample of small-scale societies with discovery-based research methods. We replicate these newer findings in the Hadza of Northern Tanzania; the Hadza are semi-nomadic hunters and gatherers who live in tight-knit social units and collect wild foods for a large portion of their diet, …

Go to article

Manufactured Insecurity: Mobile Home Parks And Americans’ Tenuous Right To Place. By Esther Sullivan. Berkeley: University Of California Press, 2018. Pp. Xiv+264. $85.00 (Cloth); 29.95 (Paper)., Ranita Ray Mar 2020

Manufactured Insecurity: Mobile Home Parks And Americans’ Tenuous Right To Place. By Esther Sullivan. Berkeley: University Of California Press, 2018. Pp. Xiv+264. $85.00 (Cloth); 29.95 (Paper)., Ranita Ray

Sociology Faculty Research

Traditionally, ethnographers of urban poverty in the United States have tended to write about the everyday lives, tentative morality, and curious practices of the "poor" as if poverty were a suprise outcome of illusive structures and intensely complex behaviors of the poor. ... See full text for complete abstract.

Go to article

Place Network Investigations In Las Vegas, Nevada: Program Review And Process Evaluation, Tamara D. Herold, Robin S. Engel, Nicholas Corsaro, Stacey L. Clouse Mar 2020

Place Network Investigations In Las Vegas, Nevada: Program Review And Process Evaluation, Tamara D. Herold, Robin S. Engel, Nicholas Corsaro, Stacey L. Clouse

Criminal Justice Faculty Research

The gang and gun violence reduction project implemented in Las Vegas consisted of three components: hot spots deployment, focused deterrence, and place network investigations. This report focuses on a program review and process evaluation of the PNI initiative.

Go to article

The Persistent Southern Disadvantage In Us Early Life Mortality, 1965‒2014, Nathan T. Dollar, Iliya Gutin, Elizabeth M. Lawrence, David B. Braudt, Samuel H. Fishman, Richard G. Rogers, Robert A. Hummer Feb 2020

The Persistent Southern Disadvantage In Us Early Life Mortality, 1965‒2014, Nathan T. Dollar, Iliya Gutin, Elizabeth M. Lawrence, David B. Braudt, Samuel H. Fishman, Richard G. Rogers, Robert A. Hummer

Sociology Faculty Research

Background: Recent studies of US adult mortality demonstrate a growing disadvantage among southern states. Few studies have examined long-term trends and geographic patterns in US early life (ages 1 to 24) mortality, ages at which key risk factors and causes of death are quite different than among adults. Objective: This article examines trends and variations in early life mortality rates across US states and census divisions. We assess whether those variations have changed over a 50-year time period and which causes of death contribute to contemporary geographic disparities. Methods: We calculate all-cause and cause-specific death rates using death certificate data …

Go to article

Signs Of Digital Distress: The Mountain West, Mary Blankenship, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Feb 2020

Signs Of Digital Distress: The Mountain West, Mary Blankenship, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Transportation & Infrastructure

This Fact Sheet examines the broadband services available and their subscription rates across major metro areas in the Mountain West, using the data and analysis found in “Signs of Digital Distress,” a report by the Brookings Institution.

Go to article

Job Density In The Mountain West, Ember Smith, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Feb 2020

Job Density In The Mountain West, Ember Smith, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Economic Development & Workforce

This Fact Sheet highlights the job density patterns in large metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in the Mountain West states (Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and Colorado) using the findings of Where Jobs are Concentrating and Why it Matters to Cities and Regions, a report by Chad Shearer, Jennifer S. Vey, and Joanne Kim of the Brookings Institution.

Go to article

Foot Traffic & Walkable Urbanism, Ember Smith, Mary Blankenship, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Feb 2020

Foot Traffic & Walkable Urbanism, Ember Smith, Mary Blankenship, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Transportation & Infrastructure

This fact sheet highlights the performance and expansion of WalkUPs (regionally significant, walkable areas) with a focus on Denver, Los Angeles, Orlando, Phoenix, and Las Vegas as detailed in Foot Traffic Ahead: Ranking Walkable Urbanism in America’s Largest Metros, a report by George Washington University.

Go to article

The Outdoor Recreation Economy In The Mountain West, Kaylie Pattni, Ember Smith, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Feb 2020

The Outdoor Recreation Economy In The Mountain West, Kaylie Pattni, Ember Smith, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Economic Development & Workforce

This fact sheet provides select data from the State Outdoor Recreation Satellite Account (ORSA) at the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) to highlight the outdoor recreation economy in the Mountain West region, including Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and Colorado.

Go to article

The Internal, External And Extended Microbiomes Of Hominins, Robert R. Dunn, Katherine R. Amato, Elizabeth A. Archie, Mimi Arandjelovic, Alyssa N. Crittenden, Lauren M. Nichols Feb 2020

The Internal, External And Extended Microbiomes Of Hominins, Robert R. Dunn, Katherine R. Amato, Elizabeth A. Archie, Mimi Arandjelovic, Alyssa N. Crittenden, Lauren M. Nichols

Anthropology Faculty Research

The social structure of primates has recently been shown to influence the composition of their microbiomes. What is less clear is how primate microbiomes might in turn influence their social behavior, either in general or with particular reference to hominins. Here we use a comparative approach to understand how microbiomes of hominins have, or might have, changed since the last common ancestor (LCA) of chimpanzees and humans, roughly six million years ago. We focus on microbiomes associated with social evolution, namely those hosted or influenced by stomachs, intestines, armpits, and food fermentation. In doing so, we highlight the potential influence …

Go to article

Unlv Top Tier Focus - Community Partnerships, University Of Nevada, Las Vegas Feb 2020

Unlv Top Tier Focus - Community Partnerships, University Of Nevada, Las Vegas

Focus on Top Tier 2.0

Community Partnerships stimulate economic development and diversification, foster innovation, and enrich our communities. UNLV has recently joined the ranks of a distinct group of universities recognized by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching for outstanding community engagement. This milestone is another important achievement in our Top Tier journey.

Go to article

Symptom Severity, Self-Efficacy And Treatment-Seeking For Mental Health Among Us Iraq/Afghanistan Military Veterans, Mary Keeling, Nicholas Barr, Hazel Atuel, Carl A. Castro Feb 2020

Symptom Severity, Self-Efficacy And Treatment-Seeking For Mental Health Among Us Iraq/Afghanistan Military Veterans, Mary Keeling, Nicholas Barr, Hazel Atuel, Carl A. Castro

Social Work Faculty Research

Military veterans have high rates of mental health problems, yet the majority do not seek treatment. Understanding treatment-seeking in this population is important. This study investigated if symptom severity and self-efficacy are associated with treatment-seeking among US Iraq/Afghanistan veterans. Survey data from 525 veterans meeting clinical criteria for PTSD and depression were included of which, 54.4% had sought treatment in the past 12 months. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that high symptom severity was associated with treatment seeking, whereas high self-efficacy was associated with a decreased likelihood to seek treatment. Self-efficacy could be an underlying mechanism of treatment seeking decisions.

Go to article

Opioids In The Las Vegas Metro, Elia Del Carmen Solano-Patricio, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Feb 2020

Opioids In The Las Vegas Metro, Elia Del Carmen Solano-Patricio, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Health

In 2014, Nevada was one of 7 states selected to participate in a national policy coalition to reduce prescription drug abuse. As a result, the Nevada Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) and the Southern Nevada Health District (SNHD) created a data dashboard to track opioid prescriptions and opioid-involved overdose incidents. This Fact Sheet synthesizes state-level data from the Nevada Opioid Overdose Surveillance Dashboard and focuses on the Las Vegas Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). The data track opioid prescription rates as they correlate to opioid-involved overdose deaths, emergency room visits, and hospitalizations.

Go to article

Immigrant Residency & Homeownership In Nevada, Kaylie Pattni, Ember Smith, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Feb 2020

Immigrant Residency & Homeownership In Nevada, Kaylie Pattni, Ember Smith, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Housing & Real Estate

This fact sheet provides immigrant housing data in Nevada from The New American Economy’s dataset, which is part of a larger project to investigate how immigration impacts the U.S. economy. This fact sheet also draws upon rankings constructed by Lending Tree in order to provide national context.

Go to article

Opioids In Nevada, Peter Grema, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Feb 2020

Opioids In Nevada, Peter Grema, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Health

This Fact Sheet presents data from the Washington Post’s Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) database on opioid shipments in the United States and provides information pertaining to Nevada and each of its 17 regions (16 counties and one independent city). This Fact Sheet compares the Washington Post’s opioid shipment data with opioid prescription rates relative to Nevada’s population in 2010.

Go to article

Economic Segregation, Inequality, And The New Urban Crisis In The Mountain West, Ember Smith, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Feb 2020

Economic Segregation, Inequality, And The New Urban Crisis In The Mountain West, Ember Smith, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Housing & Real Estate

This fact sheet highlights economic segregation, inequality, and the effect of the “New Urban Crisis” in the Mountain West region (Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah) as computed and analyzed by Richard Florida in The New Urban Crisis: How Our Cities are Increasing Inequality, Deepening Segregation, and Failing the Middle Class- and What We Can Do About it.

Go to article

2014, 2015, 2016,& 2017 National Science Foundation (Nsf) Rankings By Total R&D Expenditures, Marie A. Falcone, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown Feb 2020

2014, 2015, 2016,& 2017 National Science Foundation (Nsf) Rankings By Total R&D Expenditures, Marie A. Falcone, Caitlin Saladino, William E. Brown

Higher Education

This Fact Sheet presents NSF data for ten individual research universities in addition to the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) and the University of Nevada, Reno (UNR) for the years 2014-2017. The Fact Sheet compares the NSF funding received by 10 individual research universities to the combined funding received by UNLV and UNR.

Go to article

The Right To Vote, The Right To Health: Voter Suppression As A Determinant Of Racial Health Disparities, Anna K. Hing Feb 2020

The Right To Vote, The Right To Health: Voter Suppression As A Determinant Of Racial Health Disparities, Anna K. Hing

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Civic participation is beneficial to one’s health. Conversely, being unable to participate, such as being unable to vote, may be detrimental for health. Barriers that prevent voting and civic participation, which constitute voter suppression, disproportionately impact people of color. Therefore, voter suppression may explain intractable racial health disparities. However, few studies have examined the connection between voter suppression and health. In consideration of the frequent, and increasing, reports of voter suppression in recent elections, including the rise in voter identification laws, the reduction in early voting opportunities, and the closing of polling places, the field of public health should address …

Go to article

A Health Disparity Action Plan: Achieving Equity Through Clinical Trials, Affordable Care, And Professional Development, Daniel Schafer, Shefa Moten, Ayesha Khan, Mauro Ferrari, Boris Lushniak, Edwin Burkett, Asad Moten Feb 2020

A Health Disparity Action Plan: Achieving Equity Through Clinical Trials, Affordable Care, And Professional Development, Daniel Schafer, Shefa Moten, Ayesha Khan, Mauro Ferrari, Boris Lushniak, Edwin Burkett, Asad Moten

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Given the threatened nature of affordable care in the United States, it is crucial to underscore its importance. What is more, the reason such care is so important is the presence of an oft-unacknowledged disparity in access to quality care in this country and, indeed, around the world. A world without health disparities can be achieved and will be characterized by prompt and quality care available to all and at all stages of the care continuum. Further insurance reform is needed beyond the Affordable Care Act, while local care must be more accessible in rural, urban, and other underserved areas. …

Go to article

Are Men Who Pay For Sex Sexist? Masculinity And Client Attitudes Toward Gender Role Equality In Different Prostitution Markets, Barbara G. Brents, Takashi Yamashita, Andrew L. Spivak, Olesya Venger, Christina Parreira, Alessandra Lanti Feb 2020

Are Men Who Pay For Sex Sexist? Masculinity And Client Attitudes Toward Gender Role Equality In Different Prostitution Markets, Barbara G. Brents, Takashi Yamashita, Andrew L. Spivak, Olesya Venger, Christina Parreira, Alessandra Lanti

Sociology Faculty Research

Prostitution clients’ attitudes toward gender equality are important indicators of how masculinity relates to the demand for commercial sexual services. Research on male client misogyny has been inconclusive, and few studies compare men in different markets. Using an online survey of 519 clients of sexual services, we examine whether male client attitudes toward gender role equality are related to the main methods customers used to access prostitution services (i.e., through print or online media vs. in-person contact). We found no differences among men in these markets in attitudes toward gender role equality in the workplace and home. This is in …

Go to article

Slave Hounds And Abolition In The Americas, Tyler D. Parry, Charlton W. Yingling Feb 2020

Slave Hounds And Abolition In The Americas, Tyler D. Parry, Charlton W. Yingling

Interdisciplinary, Gender, and Ethnic Studies Faculty Research

The lash and shackles remain two primary symbols of material degradation fixed in the historical memory of slavery in the Americas. Yet as recounted by states, abolitionists, travellers, and most importantly slaves themselves, perhaps the most terrifying and effective tool for disciplining black bodies and dominating their space was the dog. This article draws upon archival research and the published materials of former slaves, novelists, slave owners, abolitionists, Atlantic travelers, and police reports to link the systems of slave hunting in Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, and the US South throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Slave hounds were skillfully honed biopower …

Go to article

Inclusion And Equity Committee Diverse Recruitment Task Force 1 “Literature Review”, Su Kim Chung, Chelsea Heinbach, Starr Hoffman, Karla Irwin, Michaelyn Haslam Feb 2020

Inclusion And Equity Committee Diverse Recruitment Task Force 1 “Literature Review”, Su Kim Chung, Chelsea Heinbach, Starr Hoffman, Karla Irwin, Michaelyn Haslam

IEC Reports

Engage in a literature review of current recruitment of underrepresented groups and from the literature review, recommend a series of policies that encapsulate best practices for use at the UNLV Libraries.

Go to article

Recommended Practices For Library Collections For English Language Learners, Amanda Melilli, Samantha Godbey, Hee Yeon (Ashley) Park Feb 2020

Recommended Practices For Library Collections For English Language Learners, Amanda Melilli, Samantha Godbey, Hee Yeon (Ashley) Park

Library Faculty Presentations

The number of English Language Learners (ELLs) in elementary and secondary education continues to increase and diversify. To serve the needs of this student population, both P12 school libraries and university level curriculum materials libraries must modify their collections to prepare ELL students and classroom educators for success. One such college library recently undertook a project in which we surveyed the literature and current practice regarding ELL collections and services. This presentation covers the results of this study and encourages the provision of a diverse range of quality materials. Grounded in the specific context of one large school district, as …

Go to article

Inclusion And Equity Committee Diverse Recruitment Task Force 3 “Qualitative/Community-Specific Data Gathering”, Avery Boddie, Kristen Costello, Leah Howd, David Trillo, James Cheng Feb 2020

Inclusion And Equity Committee Diverse Recruitment Task Force 3 “Qualitative/Community-Specific Data Gathering”, Avery Boddie, Kristen Costello, Leah Howd, David Trillo, James Cheng

IEC Reports

The Diverse Recruitment Task Force 3 was charged to “focus on a qualitative environmental scan of UNLV University Libraries’ current hiring practices” with the goal of understanding the staff perceptions of current cultural climate and recommending potential areas of focus for future changes. Task Force 3 initially planned a formal qualitative research project with IRB approval around interviewing Libraries’ staff on their experiences with the hiring process. However, this was changed to an informal town hall-style information sharing meeting after reviewing the timeline. Two meetings were held: one on November 19th, 2019 which focused on attendees’ reflections and experiences with …

Go to article

Inclusion And Equity Committee Diverse Recruitment Task Force 2 “Current University Libraries And Unlv Practices”, Jason Aubin, Lonnie Marshall, Amy Tureen, Xiaoyin Zhang, Brittany Paloma Fiedler Feb 2020

Inclusion And Equity Committee Diverse Recruitment Task Force 2 “Current University Libraries And Unlv Practices”, Jason Aubin, Lonnie Marshall, Amy Tureen, Xiaoyin Zhang, Brittany Paloma Fiedler

IEC Reports

The Diverse Recruitment Task Force 2 was charged with reviewing current UNLV and UNLV University Libraries best practices and making recommendations to recruit and hire faculty and staff from underrepresented groups. This report is organized into several sections. First, the task force offers specific recommendations for classified staff as the hiring process for classified staff is so different from the process for academic and administrative faculty. Second, the task force would like to point out that if it is the goal of the Libraries to have a staff that more closely resembles the local student population, then the Libraries should …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last