Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Favorability As A Function Of Exposure, Race, And Initial Affective Rating, Kenneth W. Nikels

Student Work

Zajonc (1968) proposed that repeated exposure to a stimulus is a sufficient condition for the enhancement of an attitude toward it. The "mere exposure" hypothesis is of such generality that it has many far-reaching implications, one of which is the consequences of biracial experiences. Integration of schools, housing, and employment all seem to be partially based upon Zajonc's hypothesis, as are Black Studies courses and Black media exposure. The underlying assumption of each of these examples is, in part, that biracial exposure will produce more favorable racial attitudes.

Group Discussion Versus Persuasive Speech In Changing Behavior, George J. Sullivan

Student Work

There has been much research concerning attitude change, but few studies examining concomitant changes in behavior. Those studies that have studied behavioral changes have produced inconsistent results The present study was directed at exploring the relationship between different methods of changing behavior. Forty-six undergraduate students were assigned to either a control, persuasive speech, general discussion, or problem-solving discussion conditions. Experimental conditions were measured by two dependent variables: the number of volunteers (behavioral intention) and appearance at a meeting the following day (overt behavior). With regard to behavioral intentions, persuasive speech did not differ from controls; both types of discussion were …

The Effects Of The Use Of Antithetical Statements On Attitude Change And Terminal Source Credibility Ratlings, Larry Newell Willis

Student Work

Style is the distinguishing factor which provides a speaker with a singular and unique identity (Carpenter & Seltzer, 1970). As such, the elements comprising "style” have been recognized and recommended by classical as well as contemporary rhetoricians. For example, Wilson and Arnold (1964, PP. 260-265) state that one such element of personal style is the broad category "figures of speech". These figures'of speech or stylistic devices are inclusive of but not limited to; parallel repetitions, inversions, and antitheses. Of these, antitheses are the focus of this empirical study.

Publications: June, 1971 To October, 1982, Center For Public Affairs Research (Cpar)

Publications

The publications listed in this booklet cover period from June, 1971 to October, 1982. A list of studies published prior to June, 1971 is also available from the Center for Applied Urban Research.

Kabul Times, July To September, 1971, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)

Haptic Perception Of The Mueller-Lyer Illusion By The Blind, James G. Patterson

Student Work

This study measured the extent to which the following four groups of Ss experienced the Mueller-L yer illusion: a group of ten congenital blind, ten Ss blinded in adulthood, ten sighted blindfolded Ss presented the illusion haptically, and ten sighted Ss presented the illusion visually. All of the groups experienced the illusion to a significant extent. The extent of illusion in the sighted haptic group was significantly less than that in each of the other groups, p < . 025 in each case. None of the other pairs of means w ere significantly different. Thus the results show that the blind do experience the Mueller-Lyer illusion similarly to the sighted, but the extent of illusion is much less for the sighted blindfolded. A positional memory hypothesis was presented to account for these results. It proposes that the blind have learned to remember the haptic location of objects in their environment but that the sighted have not developed this skill to the same degree.

A Test Of The "Contiguity" And "Generalized Imitation" Theories Of Social Modeling Processes, Gerald R. Adams

Student Work

Imitative behavior was studied using 36 kindergarten children who were either reinforced or not reinforced for imitative behavior prior to observing a male model exhibit aggressive behaviors. The children were tested for imitative aggressive behaviors in an 8-minute freeplay situation using a five category rating scale. The results revealed that the reinforced group emitted significantly more physical, verbal, and nonimitative aggression than the nonreinforced group. A second test examined the retention of the model's aggressive behavior under an incentive condition. The incentive condition diminished the initial differences found in the first test, revealing a nonsignificant difference between the reinforced and …

Kabul Times, June 1971, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)

Cua Publications, Center For Public Affairs Research (Cpar)

Publications

These publications are available from the Center for Urban Affairs by writing the offices of the Center at the University of Nebraska at Omaha.

The Effects Of Visual Feedback And Level Of Aggression On The Application Of Noxious Stimuli, Gary W. Rawson

Student Work

Sixty-four male undergraduate students who were enrolled in an introductory psychology course were used as subjects to determine the effect which visual feedback and level of aggression have on the application of a noxious stimulus to another human being. Equal numbers of high and low aggressive Ss, based on Edwards Personal Preference Schedule scores, were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups, defined by type of visual feedback. The Ss were permitted to select the intensity and duration of hypothetical electric shock which they could apply to a male confederate as punishment for supposedly incorrect responses in a learning …

Changing Attitudes By Means Of Classical Conditioning, Larry R. Smeltzer

Student Work

As knowledge of attitude change processes has grown, a wide variety of theoretical analyses have been developed to integrate portions of this knowledge and to guide further research. Many theorists argue that attitude change and formation in the "real world" are produced by the fundamental mechanisms of classical conditioning (Kiesler, Collins, and Miller, 1969) but little research has been done to support such a theory.

Effects Of Prior Experience Of One Group Member On The Performance Of The Wheel Network, Mark Hinterthuer

Student Work

The present study investigated the effects of prior experience of one group member on the performance of the wheel network. Groups participating in the experiment included four experimental groups and a control group. The four experimental groups included combinations of centrally or peripherally trained Ss transferred to a central or peripheral position in naive wheel networks. Dependent variables were measured in four categories: time, number of messages, number of errors, and individual ratings on a post-communication questionnaire. The position occupied by the experienced Ss during training had no apparent effect on their transfer group,s performance. The network position of the …

Kabul Times, May 1971, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)

1970 First Count Census Data: Owner/Renter Occupancy, By Race, For Douglas County, Nebraska, John Nye, Frederick Adams

Publications

Statements about the relative proportions of blacks and whites owning their homes are not infrequently stated in dogmatic fashion, even though not supported by "hard data." One possible use of the data contained in this report is to test hypothetical statements about race and home ownership. The data herein are all derived from Bureau of the Census computer tapes -- it will be assumed here that the available census figures approximate "reality. "

Education And Manpower In The Omaha Smsa, John C. Cunningham, James W. Collins, Cheryl Lantz Hover, John Nye, Janet Beezley Ed.

Publications

This report is a compilation of statistics having to do with education and manpower in the Omaha Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA). The SMSA consists of Douglas and Sarpy Counties in Nebraska and Pottawattamie County in Iowa.

Kabul Times, April 1971, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)

Cua Newsletters Vol. 02, No. 02-08, Center For Public Affairs Research (Cpar)

Publications

Seven newsletters from the Center for Urban Affairs dating April 1971 - May 1972.

Effects Of Relevant And Irrelevant Characteristics Of Leaders In A Communication Network, Janet Ann Scheetz

Student Work

The present study involved groups of four Ss participating in a communication network, problem-solving task. Groups were assigned to one of the two treatments involving an irrelevant leader characteristic, race, and one of two treatments involving a relevant leader characteristic, efficiency. Race was varied by informing some groups that their leader was White while the other groups were informed that their leader was Negro. Efficiency was defined by an efficiency index, which, through a script followed by a confederate leader, produced either a high or low degree of efficiency. Race of the leader had a non significant impact on all …

Child Care In Omaha: Part 1 - Facilities, Carol Lunbeck

Publications

This report is part of a Center for Urban Affairs project which also involved the development of a system for assisting individuals in locating suitable child care facilities (Child Care Facility Locator System). The report consists of the results of the survey which was a prerequisite to planning the locator system, and provides a summary of licensed child care facilities as they exist in Omaha.

1970 First Count Census Data: Population And Housing Characteristics For Douglas County, Nebraska, John P. Zipay

Publications

Changes in Omaha population from 1960 to 1970 have been more areal than real. While significant spatial changes of population may be noted, the rate of population growth during the decade can only be described as moderate. This is a conclusion from initial output from the U.S. Bureau of the Census' 1970 First Count computer tapes.

The census computer tapes provide population and housing data in more detail and in finer geographic areas than the traditional printed reports. In addition, since they are the medium through which the printed reports are generated, they provide valuable advance data to census users.

An Inventory Of Urban-Related Activities In The University Of Nebraska System, Center For Public Affairs Research (Cpar)

Publications

An inventory of urban-related activities at University of Nebraska-Lincoln, University of Nebraska College of Medicine, and University of Nebraska at Omaha from 1971-1972.

Kabul Times, January To March, 1971, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)

Early Childhood Centers In Metropolitan Omaha, Mildred Hill

Publications

Do we as communities recognize the importance of education--early educational experiences? The number of day care and early childhood educational experiences in the metropolitan area would suggest that as a community, we have miles to go and promises to keep if we are to enlarge upon and foster the potential of each child. Our leadership for the next generation will be the product of today's cradle. Early childhood experiences can contribute immeasurably to the cognitive growth of young children. This city needs to be aware of what experiences are now avail able and to see how it can foster the …

Kabul Times, October To December, 1970, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)

Annotated Bibliography Of The Center For Urban Affairs Data Bank/Information Center, Kenton J. Fancolly, Keith D. Maw

Publications

The Center for Urban Affairs maintains a Data Bank/Information Center, consisting of urban-related periodicals, newspaper clippings, bibliographies, and documents.

In an effort to familiarize users with the contents of the Data Bank, the CUA has compiled an annotated bibliography, which will be periodically updated to include new materials. Many of the documents listed are available on loan to Data Bank users. Other documents which cannot be loaned, are available for use in the Center, or pages of interest may be Xeroxed.

The Manifest Anxiety-Defensiveness Scale, Induction Of Threat To Self-Esteem, And The Resolution Of Dissonance, Dennis F. Gardner

Student Work

It has been suggested that self-esteem is a significant contributing variable in determining defensive behavior (Asch, 1948; Janis & Field, 1959; Lazarus & Longo, 1953; Rosenzweig, 1938; Sears, 1940). Several studies suggest that individuals of high and low self-ssteem (SE) manifest different patterns of response to the experience of success and failure (Altrochi, Parsons, & Dickoff, 1960; Stotland & Hillmer, 1962; Stotland, Thorley, Thomas, Cohen, & Zander, 1957). Further, Slock and Thomas (1955) and Altrochi, Parsons, and Dickoff (1960) have shown that persons with high SE tend to avoid threatening materials, while persons with low SE tend to approach and …

Kabul Times, July To September, 1970, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)

Kabul Times, June 1970, Bakhtar News Agency

Kabul Times

Kabul Times is an English language newspaper, published daily, except Fridays and Afghan holidays. First issue was published on February 27, 1962)

Concurrence With Persuasive Suggestion As A Function Of The Sex Of The Speaker, Sex Of The Listeners And The Form Of Persuasive Suggestion Used, John A.G. Klose

Student Work

Twelve groups of Ss participated in twelve different conditions to assess the relationship of concurrence to the sex of the speaker, sex of the listener and form of suggesttion used by a speaker. None of these independent variables was significantly related to the number of concurrent and nonconcurrent responses of Ss. However, nonconcurrent responses increased significantly for all groups of Ss with each suggestion in a series of four suggestions. This finding lends support to the theory of psychological reactance (Brehm, 1966).

Effects Of Proportion Of Positive Instances And Degree Of Restriction On The Induction Of A Principle, Dennis C. Dervin

Student Work

An experiment is reported in which student subjects attempted to discover a principle by pairing number and letters. Seven groups of subjects varied on two dimensions, proportion of positive instances sampled and degree of restriction in choosing number-letter pairs. It was found that subjects who sampled a higher proportion of positive instances were more successful that those sampling a lower proportion. Furthermore, subjects who were unrestricted in their choice of number-letter pairs, because they sampled a higher proportion of positive instances, performed more efficiently than subjects who were restricted and sampled a lower proportion of positive instances. Finally, when both …