Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

8. New Perspectives In The Analysis Of Abilities, John B. Carroll

The Influence of Cognitive Psychology on Testing

INTRODUCTION

One can understandably be skeptical when a "new perspective" is offered on a topic that has been under scientific examination for a very long time. I am not sure that I have any truly new perspectives , but I entertain the notion that my perspectives have the kind of novelty that will last long enough to permit taking a fresh look at some very old problems and getting new insights into their solution . I'm concerned with several such problems: First, what is an " ability"? How can an ability be defined? This is a problem that I believe …

Complete Work- The Influence Of Cognitive Psychology On Testing, Royce R. Ronning, John A. Glover, Jane C. Conoley, Joseph C. Witt

The Influence of Cognitive Psychology on Testing

The Influence of Cognitive Psychology on Testing

Contents

Foreword ........................ix

1. Introduction: The Implications of Cognitive Psychology for Testing...........1

PART I: THE COGNITIVE-PSYCHOMETRIC CONNECTION

2. Science, Technology, and Intelligence...................11

3. Toward a Cognitive Theory for the Measurement of Achievement ...................41

4. The g Beyond Factor Analysis.........................87

PART II: COGNITIVE APPROACHES TO PSYCHOMETRIC ISSUES: APPLICATIONS

5. The Assessment of Cognitive Factors in Academic Abilities...................145

6. Theoretical Implications from Protocol Analysis on Testing and Measurement...191

PART III: METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES

7. Structure and Process in Cognitive Psychology Using Multidimensional Scaling and Related Techniques..................229

8. New Perspectives in the Analysis of Abilities.....................267

Author Index …

The Nebraska Legislature: Policy Implications Of Its Organization And Operation, Robert Sittig

Center for Public Affairs Research (UNO): Publications

The adoption of a nonpartisan unicameral legislature by Nebraska voters in 1934 increased the opportunity for distinctive policymaking in the state. This reform moved Nebraska to the forefront on many measures of legislative capability, such as structural simplicity, open deliberative process, and level of staff assistance. Yet, the Unicameral lags behind other states on other measures of legislative effectiveness and modernization. This is illustrated by inadequate compensation for legislators, insufficient winnowing if bills prior to floor consideration, and modest restraint of interest group activity. The uniqueness of the Unicameral continues to bring Nebraska attention. Although its organization and operation receive …

Ambassador Clayton Yeutter United States Trade Representative Forty-Third Session Of The Gatt Contracting Parties Geneva, Switzerland December 1, 1987, Clayton K. Yeutter

Clayton K. Yeutter, United States Secretary of Agriculture: Papers

I would like to speak to you this morning about the future of the world trading system. It seems appropriate, on the GATT's 40th birthday, to recognize its past achievements while also looking forward to its future-challenges. We must together develop a vision of the GATT that will serve the needs of the twenty-first century. Forty years ago, the legacy of a great depression and a world war was high import duties and restrictive quotas. World trade had shriveled. Recognizing this sorry state of affairs, concerned countries came together to establish a mechanism for reducing trade barriers and for carrying …

Ambassador Clayton Yeutter United States Trade Representative April 20, 1987 The Shimoda Conference Oiso, Japan, Clayton K. Yeutter

Clayton K. Yeutter, United States Secretary of Agriculture: Papers

I am grateful to the Shimoda Conference for inviting me to address the issue of U.S.-Japanese trade. This is an important event, coming at a time when trade between our two countries is playing a more significant role in our overall relations than ever before. In some ways , individual trade issues are threatening to overshadow our long relationship as friends and allies. This must not be allowed to happen. Japan and the united States have too much at stake to let transitory problems come between us. We are the world's two largest free economies. We work together effectively to …

Transcript Of Ambassador Yeutter's Speech To The Brookings Instition's "Conference O~ Building A Canadian-American Fta," February 3, 1987, Clayton K. Yeutter

Clayton K. Yeutter, United States Secretary of Agriculture: Papers

MR. YEUTTER: Thank you, Bruce.- That was a very gracious introduction and much appreciated. I must say to you and your associates and colleagues here at Brookings that you are deserving of commendations and accolades for putting on this kind of program. It is an important issue, and I am very pleased that you and your institution have focused on it.

Department Chairperson Behaviors: Enhancing The Growth And Development Of Faculty, Myra S. Wilhite

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The major purpose of this study was to identify behaviors used by academic department chairpersons to assist faculty professionally and to describe conditions which affect those behaviors. Descriptive research design was employed in this study with major emphasis on the interview method of data collection and subsequent descriptive analysis. The survey population was 30 academic department chairpersons representing ten of the twelve North Central Region Land-Grant Colleges of Agriculture. Six case studies were presented to demonstrate how chairpersons assist "troubled" faculty. Chairs were convinced that many potential problems could be averted by frequent interaction and continual monitoring of faculty performance. …

Chapter 12 Family Farmer Bankruptcy, J. David Aiken

Department of Agricultural Economics: Faculty Publications

This 1987 Nebraska Law Review article surveys the 1980s farm financial crisis, reviews farm bankruptcy options prior to the 1986 Family Farmer Bankruptcy Act, and analyzes provisions of the chapter 12 family farmer bankruptcy legislation.

The Confinement Of Juveniles In Nebraska Jails And Lockups, Lorie A. Fridell, Vincent J. Webb

Center for Public Affairs Research (UNO): Publications

Using adult jails and lockups for confining youths is a major issue in juvenile justice. Proponents of removing children from these facilities are concerned with the conditions of confinement, the .ate of suicide among youths held in adult facilities, the excessive use of secure confinement for youths, and the legal liability of jurisdictions that hold juveniles in adult facilities. Nebraska has made significant progress in reducing the number of youths confined in adult jails and lockups, but has yet to pass legislation or develop programs and facilities to complete the task. Policy options for reducing the use of secure confinement …

Community Banking Issues In Nebraska, Alfonso J. Garza, William R. Hosek

Center for Public Affairs Research (UNO): Publications

During the 1980s, community banks in Nebraska have been challenged by a weak agricultural economy and by deregulation of the financial services industry. Bank profits have fallen and many banks have failed. Of the two problems, deregulation may have more far reaching consequences as it increases the competition faced by community banks. Community banks will have to take advantage of new technology, new marketing strategies, and new sources of income to remain viable. Public policy should aim at removing regulatory and tax barriers that constrain community banks.

Financing Public Elementary And Secondary Schools In Nebraska, C. Cale Hudson, Katherine Lewellan Kasten

Center for Public Affairs Research (UNO): Publications

Nebraska's system for funding public schools is deteriorating. Shifts in population, variations in tax capacity, and changes in the mission defined for public schools make the current system inadequate and inequitable. Funding problems are compounded by the large number of school districts which divide human and financial resources in the state unequally. Problems in the finance system are described, and suggestions for determining the minimum education program to be funded, the most cost-effective organization of school districts, measures for fair acquisition of funds, and procedures for equitable allocation of state aid to public schools are discussed.

Nebraska's Small Towns And Their Capacity For Economic Development, David F. Paulsen, Burton J. Reed

Center for Public Affairs Research (UNO): Publications

Small Nebraska towns have declined in population and wealth. while facing increasing demands, higher costs, and more problems. For them, economic development may be a way out. We found that participation was related to inplace governmental capacities and physical facilities. In turn, these capacities were related to the size and wealth of the communities. However, some smaller and poorer communities did participate, against the odds, suggesting that commitment is required. Federal, state, and other agencies offer help in development, apparently on demand. Rather, help should be directed to those small towns with a demonstrated capacity and commitment, given limited resources. …

1. Introduction: The Implications Of Cognitive Psychology For Testing, Royce R. Ronning, Jane C. Conoley, John G. Glover

The Influence of Cognitive Psychology on Testing

The 1985 Buros-Nebraska Symposium was developed to address the broad issue of the influence of cognitive psychology on testing and measurement. In the planning process, four topics were formulated that we asked contributors to address. The following four issues provided the focus for the Symposium and hence for the present volume. We explore:

1. Cognitive psychology as a basis for questioning some of our assumptions about the nature of mental abilities;
2. The influence of cognitive psychology on test development;
3. Cognitive psychology influences on test validity;
4. Cognitive psychology as a means to provide a linkage between testing and …

Author Index- The Influence Of Cognitive Psychology On Testing

The Influence of Cognitive Psychology on Testing

Author Index- 8 pages

A-Z

A

Abrahamsen, A. A., 234, 236, 237, 262, 265
Ackerman, P. L., 29, 37
Agrawal, N., 103, 136
Ahern, S., 121, 136
Ananda, S. M., 135, 136
Anastasi, A., 2, 8, 176, 184
Anderson, J. A., 19,38, 256, 263
Anderson, J. H., 44, 83
Anderson, J. R., 31, 36, 37, 44, 82, 154, 184, 195, 223, 230, 256, 263
Anderson, R., 54, 82
Arabie, P., 230, 231, 232, 241, 242, 245, 246, 247, 251, 253, 263, 264, 266
Arnkoff, D. B., 172, 184
Arnold, J. B., 234, 253, 262, 263
Atkinson, R. c., 135, 136, …

Subject Index- The Influence Of Cognitive Psychology On Testing

The Influence of Cognitive Psychology on Testing

Subject Index- 10 pages

A-Z

A

Ability, see also specific type classes of, Cattell-Horn model and, 15 definition of, 268- 274 exceptional, acquired skill vs., 216-221 fluid and crystallized, correlation of, 96- 97 measurement of, 87-88, 267- 283 cognitive ability factors and, 280- 282 definition s and, 268-274 person characteristic function and, 275-279 task difficulty and, 279-280
Academic abilities, 145-183 cognitive strategies and, 150-152 control processes and, 149-150 declarative knowledge and, 146- 148 factors in, 146 in mathematics, 175-179 metacognition and, 152- 153 procedural knowledge and, 148-149 in reading, 153-162, see also Reading in science, 179- 182 in writing, 163-175, …

New Directions In Nebraska Water Policy, J. David Aiken

Department of Agricultural Economics: Faculty Publications

This 1987 Nebraska Law Review article reviews (1) how federal environmental legislation has thwarted development of new surface water irrigation projects, (2) how Nebraska Supreme Court rulings on interbasin transfers of surface water sparked a race for irrigation project water rights, and (3) the enactment of historic Nebraska water policy legislation attempting to strike a balance between economic development and environmental protection regarding new surface water irrigation projects.

Protecting Public Values In The Platte River, Eric Pearson, J. David Aiken

Department of Agricultural Economics: Faculty Publications

This 1987 Creighton Law Review article analyzes legal aspets of protecting public values in instream flows in the Platte River under Nebraska water law.

Groundwater Quality And Policy Options In Nebraska, Mary E. Exner, Roy F. Spalding

Center for Public Affairs Research (UNO): Publications

Potential contaminants and the occurrence of groundwater contamination in Nebraska are discussed. An overview of Nebraska's policy response to groundwater quality reveals that the policy has been fragmentary and generally reactive. Although a comprehensive groundwater quality protection strategy is needed if the groundwater is to be protected from potential point and nonpoint sources of contamination, it must recognize the site-specific nature of most groundwater contamination. The Nebraska Chemigation Act and the Petroleum Products and Hazardous Substances Storage and Handling Act passed in 1986 were the first comprehensive legislation addressing prevention of point source contamination. Proactive policies for the prevention of …

Nebraska Policy Choices (1987): Preface, Russell L. Smith

Center for Public Affairs Research (UNO): Publications

Research was undertaken during 1987 concerning prison overcrowding and displaced workers; the results are planned for publication in the 1988 edition of Nebraska Policy Choices.

A vital part of the process of producing each volume of Nebraska Policy Choices is the use of external academic and layperson reviewers. This year, 18 reviewers assisted in the process. (A list of reviewers is included at the end of the volume.) As with any review process, the reviewers did not always like what the authors were saying or how they were approaching the topic. Likewise, the authors did not always agree with …

The Life And Times Of James Willard Schultz (Apikuni)., Starr Jenkins

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Warren Hanna h ere gives us a splendid, complete biography of James Willard Schultz (1 859-1947), a not-so-well -known but excellent writer on the America n West. In 1877, at seventeen, Schultz arrived in Montana Territory and "began to live intimately the life of an Indian [among the Blackfeet] almost from the day he arrived in the West. He ate their food, slept in their lodges , and began to learn the difficult Blackfoot language; he eventually was able not only to speak it well but to think as the Indians did. He began to see the world through the …

West Of Wichita: Settling The High Plains Of Kansas, 1865-1890., David M. Emmons

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Craig Miner's new book is a social history of the settlement of a specific Western region. In methodology and manner of presentation it resembles other "new" social histories. It is interdisciplinary and based on the social scientists' modeling techniques. Miner cites European historians and, what is more remarkable, one can imagine them citing him. He uses unconventional primary materialsmanuscript censuses, tax records, and the reminiscences of the "ordinary" people whose story he tells; he concentrates on the material lives of those people, "the fellows at the bottom," Bertolt Brecht called them, the ones, according to T. E. Lawrence who "did …

The Expeditions Of John Charles Fremont, John L. Allen

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

With the publication of this third volume in the Expeditions of John Charles Fremont series, a massive compilation and editing task begun in 1965 has come to an end. The first volume and accompanying map portfolio, published in 1970, dealt with Fremont's travels between 1838 and 1844, focusing on the first and second expeditions into the American West which secured his fame as an explorer. The second, published in 1973, was devoted to Fremont's third expedition, his participation in the Bear Flag Revolt and subsequent court martial. Finally, the present work covers Fremont's travels between 1848 and 1854, encompassing the …

Political Prairie Fire: The Nonpartisan League, 1915-1922 And The Nonpartisan League, 1915-22: An Annotated Bibliography, Kathleen Moum

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

The Nonpartisan League was a post-Populist movement of farmers that arose in North Dakota in 1915 and rapidly spread throughout the Upper Midwest. Within a few years the League won primary elections against candidates of the established parties and gained control of the North Dakota government. Massive numbers of North Dakota farmers voted to bring in the League and its radical platform. The goal of the League was to alleviate the economic suffering of North Dakota farmers caused by outside forces over which they had no control, and to that end it sponsored a program of progressive legislation that included …

Notes And News For Vol.7 No.4

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

No abstract provided.

Index To Vol 7

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

No abstract provided.

Coxey's Army: An American Odyssey., Robert W. Cherny

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Carlos Schwantes tells us in Coxey's Army that the 1894 "petition in boots" aroused greater fears of social disorder than any event since the disputed election of 1876, although he also makes clear that such fears were largely groundless. The march on Washington to demand federal jobs for the unemployed was the brain child of Jacob Coxey, a prosperous Ohio quarry-owner, and Carl Browne, an itinerant panorama-painter who joined marches of the unemployed in Chicago in 1893. Coxey hoped not only to eliminate unemployment and create good roads but also to inflate the currency bv paying workers in legal tender …

Review Of More True Tales Of Old-Time Kansas, Amil Quayle

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

"Henry Born married Ida Dillabaugh from Montague, Michigan, in July, 1900. They had four children-two boys and two girls. They lived beside a beautiful trout lake in the San Juan Mountains about twenty miles above Pagosa Springs during the spring, summer, and early fall. They spent their winters in town." If this type of clean, factual, detailed historical writing appeals to you, I'd recommend More True Tales of Old-Time Kansas by David Dary for your reading pleasure.

Comparative Frontier Scoial Life: Western Saloons And Argentine Pulperias, Richard W. Slatta

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

In sparsely populated cattle frontier regions of the nineteenth century, only a limited number of social institutions functioned. The ranch, as a central socioeconomic complex, took on added importance. Ranch owners often took upon themselves political and legal powers exercised by civic officials in more settled areas. In the cattle regions of the American West and the pampas of Argentina, taverns were important local institutions. A comparison of social activities in the western saloon and the Argentine pulperi'a-a combination country store and tavern-reveals strong similarities. As frontier institutions, they served analogous multiple functions, and their cowboy and gaucho patrons behaved …

Plains Indian Agrariaism And Class Conflict, Russel Lawrence Barsh

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Relatively little has been done to trace the political structures of American Indians through the years 1890 to 1940, when reservation economics were undergoing their most dramatic changes. That failure has left the false impression of a fifty-vear institutional vacuum. In fact, the middle years were times of complex reJisrrihutions of power ;md the emergence of indigellous socioeconomic classes. It was also perhaps the earliest period in which Plains Indians enjoyed anything like an Americanstyle, decentralized elective democracy. Federal programs shifted the control of the Indians' food supply. From being skilled hunter- organizers they became recipients of gc)\"ernnwnt patronage, heelme …

Review Of Prohibition In Kansas: A History, Patrick G. O'Brien

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Owner of the prohibition longevity record, Kansas has a history that in large part focuses on the suppression of intoxicating beverages. Prohibition divided Kansans longer and deeper than any other issue, and none is better to explain the social texture and personality of the state. Eschewing that opportunity, historians have tended to minimize its importance and treat it in a cursory fashion. This book is the first scholarly and comprehensive analysis of prohibition from inception to demise in the purportedly driest state iIi America. The examination of Kansas in a broad context also adds a dimension to prohibition as a …