Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Remarks By The President At Swearing-In Ceremony Of Secretary Of Agriculture Clayton Yeutter, Clayton K. Yeutter

Clayton K. Yeutter, United States Secretary of Agriculture: Papers

THE PRESIDENT: Thank you, Peter, and all the members of the Cabinet; the members of the United States Congress here; distinguished ambassadors and others. I've come over here today for the swearing-in of our Secretary. Clayton Yeutter is about to make an enduring commitment to this Department and I should acknowledge the fact that I think five of his predecessors are here today -- Democrats and Republicans which I think gives him an extraordinarily good send-off. There's a difference, you know, between involvement and commitment. You all know it. Remember the old farmer making eggs and bacon. The chicken is …

Labor Force Participation Of Rural Farm, Rural Nonfarm, And Urban Women: A Panel Update, Jane C. Ollenburger, Sheryl J. Grana, Helen A. Moore

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

In this paper, we analyze the paid labor force participation rates and continuity patterns of rural farm, rural nonfarm, and urban women. Specifically, we trace the labor force participation of a panel of approximately 800 women in Nebraska from 1977 to 1985. This paper has a twofold purpose. First, we examine changes in the work status of the cohort of Nebraska women during the farm crisis years. Second, we identify individual factors influencing labor force participation and continuity, contrasting all three residential groups of women.

A loglinear model isolates differences in participation rates for rural and urban women as well …

Mari Sandoz’ Sociological Imagination: Capital City As An Ideal Type, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

This paper examines Mari Sandoz' (1939) novel Capital City from the perspective of sociology. ‘I outline Sandoz' data collection methods and consider her use of ideal-type analysis and sociological imagination. From the perspective of literary critics it may be, as Helen Stauffer (1982: 131) judged, that Capital City "is not a successful novel." It is not my purpose, however, to contest the merit of Sandoz' work on literary grounds. Rather, I invoke the viewpoint of the sociologist and note the criteria on which I conclude that Capital City is a complex and well-executed sociological study.

Empiricism And Reason In Harriet Martineau’S Sociology, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

The architecture and evolution of Harriet Martineau's sociological epistemology epitomize an essential tension between abstract theory and concrete empiricism. The body of Martineau's intellectual work demonstrates a major conceptual shift, from early religious convictions to subsequent rejection of all metaphysical systems. How to Observe Morals and Manners lies midway in this journey. The epistemological and biographical route to Martineau's adamant repudiation of metaphysics was long, personally tumultuous, and grounded fundamentally in empirical studies of social conditions. I focus here on the give-and-take between metaphysics, empiricism, and rationality in Harriet Martineau's sociological work. Part one of this essay highlights the major …

Attentional Focus And Causal Attributions In Social Phobia: Implications From Social Psychology, Debra A. Hope, David A. Gansler, Richard G. Heimberg

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

This article reviews the social psychological literature on attentional focus and causal attributions as they apply to social phobia. Excessive self-focused attention is increased by physiological arousal, interferes with task performance under some conditions, increases the probability of internal attributions, and intensifies emotional reactions. Social anxiety is also associated with a reversal of the self-serving bias for causal attributions. Implications of these findings for the maintenance and treatment of social phobia are discussed.

Cognitive Processes In The Curry Learning Style Framework As Measured By The Learning Style Profile And The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Among Non-Majors In College Biology, Claudia Tarver Melear

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Curry's (1983) model of learning style framework with Claxton & Murrell's (1987) adaptations was used to study the profile of the non-major in a college biology course. The purpose of the study was to provide empirically derived data in both a qualitative and quantitative format of the non major (both successful and unsuccessful students) to improve the course. Over 600 students were administered the Learning Style Profile [(LSP) (National Association of Secondary School Principals) Indicator (MBTI) (NASSP) and the Myers-Briggs Type (Consulting Psychologists Press)] to determine the students' learning styles as a predictor for Success in the course. The MBTI …

Library Vendors: How Do They Use Us?, Kent Hendrickson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Faculty Publications

I must assume that I was asked to talk on the topic of "Library Vendors: How Do They Use Us?" because I have spent a portion of my professional career on either side of the issue--12 years as a librarian and 11 years with Abel and then Blackwell North America (B/NA). With that in mind, I think my speech could also be titled, "Librarian at Risk." I came here with many friends, librarians, subscription agents and book sellers, and may leave with few or none.

I am reminded of a story Jim Govan recently told at a conference when he …

Loss Of Biological Diversity: A Global Crisis Requiring International Solutions: A Report To The National Science Board, Craig Call Black, Perry L. Adkisson, Gardner Mallard Brown, Rita Rossi Colwell, Charles E. Hess, James B. Holderman, K. June Lindstedt-Siva, William A. Nierenberg, Peter Hamilton Raven, Theodore M. Smith, Edward O. Wilson, W. Franklin Harris

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Executive Summary

Biological diversity refers to the variety and variability among living organisms and the ecological complexes in which they occur. Diversity can be defined as the number of different items and their relative frequency. For biological diversity, these items are organized at many levels, ranging from complete ecosystems to the chemical structures that are the molecular basis of heredity. Thus, the term encompasses different ecosystems, species, genes, and their relative abundance (OTA, 1987).

There is an ongoing, unprecedented loss of the variety as well as absolute numbers of organisms-from the smallest microorganism to the largest and most spectacular of …

Least Squares Estimation Of Avian Molt Rates, Douglas H. Johnson

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

A straightforward least squares method of estimating the rate at which birds molt feathers is presented, suitable for birds captured more than once during the period of molt. The date of molt onset can also be estimated. The method is applied to male and female mourning doves.

An Empirical Bayes Approach To Analyzing Recurring Animal Surveys, Douglas H. Johnson

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Recurring estimates of the size of animal populations are often required by biologists or wildlife managers. Because of cost or other constraints, estimates frequently lack the accuracy desired but cannot readily be improved by additional sampling. This report proposes a statistical method employing empirical Bayes (EB) estimators as alternatives to those customarily used to estimate population size, and evaluates them by a subsampling experiment on waterfowl surveys. EB estimates, especially a simple limited-translation version, were more accurate and provided shorter confidence intervals with greater coverage probabilities than customary estimates.

Farming Systems Research/Extension And The Concepts Of Sustainability, Charles A. Francis, Peter E. Hildebrand

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Farming Systems Research and Extension (FSR/E) has strongly influenced the direction of agricultural development over the past two decades. Involving farmers, change agents and researchers, this participatory approach to technological improvement has evolved as an efficient means to develop individual components and more integrated systems that are uniquely suited to specific biophysical and socioeconomic conditions. Farmers with similar conditions and for whom specific recommendations are appropriate are grouped, in FSR/E, into identifiable Recommendation Domains. The technologies recommended conform with the biophysical and socioeconomic constraints that create environments within the domains, based on the philosophy that new technologies must conform with …

A Mimbres Burial With Associated Colon Remains From The Nan Ranch Ruin, New Mexico, Harry J. Shafer, Marrianne Marek, Karl J. Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

The skeletal remains of an adult male associated with desiccated tissue and a coprolite were recovered from an apen-air midden deposit at the NAN Ranch Ruin (LA15049)) a large Mimbres site in Grant County) New Mexico. The find dates to about A.C. 1000-1100. Identifiable macroscopic elements in the caprolite consist offi nely fragmented corn and tiny seed fragments of an unknown plant. High amounts of willow (Salix) and mustard (Brassicaceae) pollen may indicate the ingestion of medicinal plants to combat a deteriorating health condition. The individual was approximately 35 -40 years old at the time of death and suffered from …

Bioarcheological Synthesis For "From The Gulf To The Rio Grande: Human Adaptation In Central, South, And Lower Pecos Texas", Karl Reinhard, Ben W. Olive, D. Gentry Steele

Karl Reinhard Publications

One of the main problems encountered in the review of the bioarcheology of Region 3 has been the limited number of sites where human skeletal material has been adequately recovered and analyzed. In the preceding chapter it was documented that less than 30% of the burials recovered from recorded sites have been reported in published literature. It was further estimated that of the 323 sites with burials, no more than 80 sites have published detailed bioarcheological reports on the burials recovered. Only 50 of these 80 reports provide individual descriptions of each burial which facilitate subsequent analyses and evaluation.

Four …

The Transition From Infancy To Early Childhood: A Difficult Transition, And A Difficult Theory, Carolyn P. Edwards

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The transition from infancy to early childhood was observed in households in rural Zinacanteco households in the Highlands of Chiapas, Mexico, in 1968-1969, and found to be a fairly lengthy period of upset, disturbance, listlessness, and apathy for the children, leading eventually to their accepting a new position in the family. The transition involved three abrupt and harsh changes: (1) abrupt weaning from the mother’s breast; (2) simultaneous change in sleeping arrangements from lying next to the mother to sleeping with siblings; and (3) more gradual transfer of the child’s primary care from the mother to older siblings or courtyard …

American Charities As The Herald To A New Age, Mary Jo Deegan

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

The publication of American Charities in 1894 signaled the start of a new age. It crystallized the views of men and women working in economics, sociology, history, and philanthropy. Massive social changes-in urbanization, industrialization, immigration, the roles of women, and the relation between the home and the marketplace-generated social strains that could not be accommodated by traditional world views. Social problems in this new situation, particularly poverty, were perceived increasingly as secular instead of religious issues. Solutions to these social problems were needed urgently, and Amos G. Warner, the author of American Charities, articulated a new vision amidst the …

Dramaturgy In Archival Research: A Frame Analysis Of Disciplinary Reconstruction In Sociology, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Research in the history of sociology has with few exceptions depended primarily on interviews, reminiscences, and information gleaned from published sources rather than upon archival data such as unpublished correspondence, manuscripts, diaries, and memos. Recently, however, Mary Jo Deegan (1988) and others have demonstrated the power of archival data for rehabilitating the history of American sociology. Archival research is not without its own set of pitfalls and problems, but archival data can at times provide needed corrections to the skewed and often self-serving historical images portrayed in many of the "standard" published accounts of our disciplinary history.

The Presentation Of The City On ‘Fat-Letter’ Postcards, Mary Jo Deegan, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Media-constructed rituals are cultural products. Unlike participatory rituals, my focus thus far, media-constructed rituals have more stability, higher internal order and consistency, and greater potential to reach people over time. Cultural artifacts from the past can reach people in their own era, the present, and the future, and in this way they provide a source of continuity even for rapidly changing societies. We begin this section of the book by examining a small artifact in an interaction ritual, the presentation of the city on a particular style of postcard.

Cities are complex human environments that are frequently symbolized in the …

Roscoe Pound’S Sociological Library: The Foundations Of American Sociological Jurisprudence, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Roscoe Pound was an interdisciplinarian of the first order. His active reformation of legal thought and administrative practice in the United States was grounded in careful study of European and American legal and social theorists. He read widely in the discipline of sociology, as the following bibliography of his personal sociological book collection attests. Pound's study of sociology reached more widely and deeply than cursory examination of his published work reveals.

This bibliographic essay introduces modern scholars to the theoretical and intellectual contributions of the discipline of sociology to the foundations of twentieth-century juristic thought in the United States as …

Wpa News 22 (1988), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (November 1988), number 22

Published by the World Pheasant Association

Review Of Refugees: A Third World Dllemma, John R. Rogge, Editor, Robert Stoddard

Geography Program: Faculty Publications

The mass movement of humans takes on considerable geographic importance because of the associated changes in the source area, in the region of destination, and in the people who leave a home territory for a foreign environment. These repercussions are often accentuated when people are forced to flee their homeland and to beg for asylum in a strange setting. With the number of contemporary refugees in the world greatly exceeding the volume of voluntary international migration, the need among geographers for information about refugees is great. Refugees: A Third World Dilemma, a collection of thirty papers about various aspects …

Review Of Michael Bradshaw, Regions And Regionalism In The United States, Robert Stoddard

Geography Program: Faculty Publications

The terms region and regionalism carry various meanings, so the book's emphasis is not conveyed by just the title. Unfortunately this confusion persists, even after reading the book. ... Nevertheless, the text is written clearly (in British English), the maps are pertinent, the index is helpful, and the various subtopics (see below) are presented succinctly.

After reviewing some familiar regionalizations of United States (e.g., the Census divisions, Trewartha's climatic regions, Zelinsky'S cultural area, and ones in regional geography textbooks), the author does a nice job of describing the historical conditions that produced regional differences within the United States. Also cultural …

Cancer Morbidity In Lamp Manufacturing Workers, Harry S. Shannon, Ted Haines, Charles D. Bernholz, Jim A. Julian, Dave K. Verma, Ellen Jamieson, Chris Walsh

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Faculty Publications

A historical prospective study of cancer in lamp manufacturing workers in one plant was conducted. All men and women who worked for a total of at least 6 months and were employed at some time between 1960 and 1975 were included. Work histories were abstracted and subjects were divided according to whether they had worked in the coiling and wire drawing area (CWD). Cancer morbidity from 1964 to 1982 was ascertained via the provincial registry, and was compared with the site-specific incidence in Ontario, adjusting for age, sex and calendar period. Of particular interest were primary breast and gynecological cancers …

Wpa News 21 (1988), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (August 1988), number 21

Published by the World Pheasant Association

Identification Of Learning Styles Strategies Which Enable College Students With Differing Personality Temperaments To Cope With Learning Blocks, Gholam Hossein Zamani Zarghani

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The purpose of this study was to identify the major coping strategies which college students with different personality temperament used to deal with their learning blocks. Students' temperament type was obtained from the pool of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator results available at the Agricultural College, UN-L. An instrument measuring learning blocks was designed and administered in the Fall, 1987. The Coping strategy Inventory (CSI) was developed and administered in the spring, 1988. One hundred and twenty seven agricultural college students responded to the first phase of the study, and 230 agricultural college students took the CSI. The Statistical package for …

Perceptions Of Iowa And Nebraska Legislators Regarding Secondary And Adult Agricultural Education Programs, Bruce Burger

Department of Agricultural Leadership, Education, and Communication: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

As the capacity for rural communities -to provide education services decreases, educators are looking towards notate legislators for support. Jailed (1984) reported that legislators must become more familiar with vocational education as they address the economic and social needs of the future. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions held by Iowa and Nebraska Legislators regarding secondary and adult agricultural education programs conducted within the public school system. The population for this study consisted of state legislators in Iowa and Nebraska. Seventy legislators, thirty-five from each state, were randomly selected for the study. Legislators were mailed a …

Religious Homogamy And Marital Happiness, Suzanne T. Ortega, Hugh P. Whitt, J. Allen Williams Jr.

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Data from a representative sample of 1,070 married Protestants and Catholics were used to examine the relationship between religious homogamy and marital happiness. Although couples may vary in the extent to which they share religious views (e.g., beliefs, values), previous research has treated religious homogamy as a dichotomy; a couple is either homogamous or it is not. A partial explanation for this is that few studies have gone beyond the broad divisions of Protestant, Catholic, and Jew. In the present study religious bodies were classified on the basis of doctrine and ritual, yielding six categories: Baptist, Calvinist, Catholic, fundamentalist, Lutheran, …

Ingestion Of Lead Shot And Aluminum Bands By Bald Eagles During Winter In Nebraska, Gary Lingle, Gary Krapu

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

The Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalusis) a common winter resident along the Platte and North Platte rivers in southcentral Nebraska. Waterfowl are a major food of eagles during periods when fish are not readily available (Lingle and Krapu 1986). Eating ducks and geese can make eagles susceptible to lead poisoning, a significant cause of mortality of Bald Eagles in North America (Kaiser et al. 1980). Eagles ingest lead shot from waterfowl by eating shot imbedded in tissues or as part of the contents of digestive tracts. In this paper we describe the incidence of lead shot and Fish and …

Values, Beliefs, And Attitudes In A Sociotechnical Setting, F. Gregory Hayden

Department of Economics: Faculty Publications

Yngve Ramstad has recently inquired about how to define the components of the social fabric matrix and digraph system [Ramstad 1986; Hayden 1982a, 1982b]. To answer that question with regard to three of the matrix's components is the purpose of this article. The article will present, expand, and refine the author's introductory work on values, beliefs, and attitudes for the social fabric matrix [Hayden 1977, 19851. There are numerous meanings the word "values" evokes among institutionalist readers; for examples: social value, instrumental valuing, technological values, and valuation. Those concepts are concerned with "what ought to be," while the definition of …

Nebraska Farm Real Estate Market Developments 1987-88, Bruce B. Johnson, Joel Young

Nebraska Farm Real Estate Reports

Agricultural land values turned upward during 1987, after registering six successive years of decline. The University of Nebraska-Lincoln 1988 Farm

Real Estate Market Survey reported a 13 percent gain for the 12-month period

ending February 1, 1988. Increases were evident for virtually all types of agricultural land and in all areas of the state, although there was variation in magnitude among the substate regions.

The reversal of the long-term decline in agricultural land values stems primarily from improved farm income levels. Also, the preceding devaluation has positioned agricultural land values such that earnings have become more competitive with alternative investment …

A Sociobiological Perspective On The Development Of Human Reproductive Strategies, Patricia Draper, Henry Harpending

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

Humans show a great deal of variability in their reproductive behavior, including types of sexual activity, types of ties between males and females, and ways of arranging for the rearing of offspring. We will consider three principal topics: (1) Father absence versus father presence, contrasting children who are reared in a family system in which there is a closely involved and economically contributing father in contrast to a family system in which women rear their children in cooperation with other women (usually kin) and without consistent help from a man who is father to children. (2) Peer rearing versus parent …