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Articles 961 - 990 of 9281

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Invisible Inequalities: Barriers, Challenges, And Opportunities, Hari Bapuji, Gokhan Ertug, Vivek Soundarajan, Jason D. Shaw Mar 2024

Invisible Inequalities: Barriers, Challenges, And Opportunities, Hari Bapuji, Gokhan Ertug, Vivek Soundarajan, Jason D. Shaw

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Inequality is a grand challenge of our times, and management researchers have responded by examining the relationship between business and societal economic inequalities. This research has enhanced our understanding of the nature, sources, and consequences of inequalities, as well as identified actions to address them. However, this effort has predominantly revolved around visible inequalities. We seek to direct greater scholarly attention to invisible inequalities – uneven possession of and access to resources and opportunities to engage in value creation, appropriation, and distribution based on attributes and characteristics that are not readily apparent or noticeable. Expanding the scope of investigations to …

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Loose Ends In Singapore Equal Protection Doctrine, Wei Yao, Kenny Chng Mar 2024

Loose Ends In Singapore Equal Protection Doctrine, Wei Yao, Kenny Chng

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

A trilogy of landmark Singapore Court of Appeal decisions has defined the landscape of constitutional equal protection doctrine in Singapore: Lim Meng Suang, Syed Suhail and Tan Seng Kee. While this trio of cases has laid the doctrinal foundation for the constitutional right to equality in Singapore, three loose ends remain for clarification. First, what is the relationship between the legal tests articulated in Syed Suhail and Lim Meng Suang? Second, what is the relationship between both steps in the Syed Suhail test? Third, what is the distinction between the Syed Suhail test and the common law judicial review ground …

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Constitutional, Governance Or Market Failures: China, Climate Change And Energy Transition, Henry S. Gao, Weihuan Zhou Mar 2024

Constitutional, Governance Or Market Failures: China, Climate Change And Energy Transition, Henry S. Gao, Weihuan Zhou

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Jinping announced China’s plan to further scale up its Intended Nationally Determined Contributions, aiming at achieving CO2 emissions peak before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060.2 A central element of the plan is reducing China’s heavy reliance on coal power. As a result, China’s use of coal already saw a steady decrease between 2013 and 2018. While coal demand increased in 2019 and 2020, new coal power plants approved in 2021 declined by approximately 58% compared to 2020.3 However, the good progress in energy transition was interrupted by the power outage sprawling over 20 provinces in China in September 2021, …

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Optimal Inference For Spot Regressions, Tim Bollerslev, Jia Li, Yuexuan Ren Mar 2024

Optimal Inference For Spot Regressions, Tim Bollerslev, Jia Li, Yuexuan Ren

Research Collection School Of Economics

Betas from return regressions are commonly used to measure systematic financial market risks. "Good" beta measurements are essential for a range of empirical inquiries in finance and macroeconomics. We introduce a novel econometric framework for the nonparametric estimation of time-varying betas with high-frequency data. The "local Gaussian" property of the generic continuous-time benchmark model enables optimal "finite-sample" inference in a well-defined sense. It also affords more reliable inference in empirically realistic settings compared to conventional large-sample approaches. Two applications pertaining to the tracking performance of leveraged ETFs and an intraday event study illustrate the practical usefulness of the new procedures.

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The Distributional Impacts Of Transportation Networks In China, Lin Ma, Yang Tang Mar 2024

The Distributional Impacts Of Transportation Networks In China, Lin Ma, Yang Tang

Research Collection School Of Economics

We document that the quality of roads and railroads vary substantially over time and space in China, and neglecting these variations biases the distributional impacts of transportation networks. To account for quality differences, we construct a new panel dataset and approximate quality using the design speed of roads and railroads that varies by vintage, class, and terrain at the pixel level. We then build a dynamic spatial general equilibrium model for multiple modes, transportation routes, and forward-looking migration decisions. Our findings demonstrate that disregarding quality differences leads to a median bias of approximately 31% in estimating real wage growth rates …

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Testing The Dimensionality Of Policy Shocks, Jia Li, Viktor Todorov, Qiushi Zhang Mar 2024

Testing The Dimensionality Of Policy Shocks, Jia Li, Viktor Todorov, Qiushi Zhang

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper provides a nonparametric test for deciding the dimensionality of a policy shock as manifest in the abnormal change in asset returns' stochastic covariance matrix, following the release of a macroeconomic announcement. We use high-frequency data in local windows before and after the event to estimate the covariance jump matrix, and then test its rank. We find a one-factor structure in the covariance jump matrix of the yield curve resulting from the Federal Reserve's monetary policy shocks prior to the 2007-2009 financial crisis. The dimensionality of policy shocks increased afterwards due to the use of unconventional monetary policy tools.

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Smart Heuristics For Smart Management, Jochen Reb, Shenghua Luan, Gerd Gigerenzer Mar 2024

Smart Heuristics For Smart Management, Jochen Reb, Shenghua Luan, Gerd Gigerenzer

Asian Management Insights

How leaders can make effective decisions in a VUCA world.

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Developing Singapore As A Smart Nation, Josephine Teo Mar 2024

Developing Singapore As A Smart Nation, Josephine Teo

Asian Management Insights

Mrs Josephine Teo, Singapore’s Minister for Communications and Information, and Minister-in-charge of Smart Nation and Cybersecurity, speaks about leading the country’s Smart Nation drive.

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Service Transformation That Will Boost Your Business, Neeta Lachmandas-Sakellariou Mar 2024

Service Transformation That Will Boost Your Business, Neeta Lachmandas-Sakellariou

Asian Management Insights

Focus on your customers to catapult your company to success. However, leaders must drive a culture change to make it happen.

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Research On The Innovation And Development Of China’S Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Industry, Xinhua Yu Mar 2024

Research On The Innovation And Development Of China’S Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Industry, Xinhua Yu

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

China's commitment to achieving "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" has made the transition from conventional energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas to renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydrogen an unavoidable trend. In this regard, the integration of new energy technologies into the automobile and transportation sectors has significantly impacted consumers' lifestyles and has emerged as a key focus for major investment institutions. Lithium-ion batteries, known for their advanced technology, cost-effectiveness, and safety, are the leading choice for use in passenger vehicles, gradually replacing conventional fossil fuel sources. This shift is also contributing to the …

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Essays On Empirical Asset Pricing, Luying Wang Mar 2024

Essays On Empirical Asset Pricing, Luying Wang

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

The dissertation consists of three chapters on empirical asset pricing. The first chapter examines
the market return predictability of media coverage on climate change. Specifically, we introduce a
comprehensive media climate change concern (ΔCMCCC) index, derived from unexpected climate
change coverage across diverse media channels, including print (newspapers), voice (radio), and
video (television). We show that this index negatively predicts aggregate stock market returns, both
in-sample and out-of-sample, offering potential gains for investors. Our findings emphasize the
media’s influence on market returns through climate change discussions, mainly via the cash-flow
channel. This reveals possible shifts in product demand, while demand …

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Impact Of Hr Slack On Firm Performance: An Empirical Study On Chinese High-Tech Firms, Weixiong Feng Mar 2024

Impact Of Hr Slack On Firm Performance: An Empirical Study On Chinese High-Tech Firms, Weixiong Feng

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

As part of organizational slack, HR slack plays a role in managing external risks and opportunities when the global business environment is in turmoil. In recent years, Chinese high-tech companies have faced external shocks such as reverse globalization, the decoupling of economic and trade relations, supply chain disruptions, and epidemics. These have posed new challenges to their strategy formulation, business operations, and talent acquisition. High-tech Chinese companies must know whether they must prepare adequate human resources as buffers to address these challenges and opportunities. For high-tech companies, this study proposes, for the first time, that HR slack must be analyzed …

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Interim Regret Minimization, Wei He, Jiangtao Li, Kexin Wang Mar 2024

Interim Regret Minimization, Wei He, Jiangtao Li, Kexin Wang

Research Collection School Of Economics

We consider a robust version of monopoly pricing when the seller only knows the bound on valuations and the mean of the distribution of the buyer’s value. The seller seeks to minimize interim regret, the forgone expected revenue due to not knowing the distribution of the buyer’s value. The optimal pricing policy randomizes over a range of prices; the support of the pricing policy is bounded away from zero.

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Robust Inference On Correlation Under General Heterogeneity, Liudas Giraitis, Yuefei Li, Peter C. B. Phillips Mar 2024

Robust Inference On Correlation Under General Heterogeneity, Liudas Giraitis, Yuefei Li, Peter C. B. Phillips

Research Collection School Of Economics

Considerable evidence in past research shows size distortion in standard tests for zero autocorrelation or zero cross-correlation when time series are not independent identically distributed random variables, pointing to the need for more robust procedures. Recent tests for serial correlation and cross-correlation in Dalla, Giraitis, and Phillips (2022) provide a more robust approach, allowing for heteroskedasticity and dependence in uncorrelated data under restrictions that require a smooth, slowly-evolving deterministic heteroskedasticity process. The present work removes those restrictions and validates the robust testing methodology for a wider class of innovations and regression residuals allowing for heteroscedastic uncorrelated and non-stationary data settings. …

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Multiple Proceedings And Abuse Of Procedure On Bri Disputes, Mariam Gotsiridze Mar 2024

Multiple Proceedings And Abuse Of Procedure On Bri Disputes, Mariam Gotsiridze

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This article argues that specific mechanisms and best practices should be adopted by different players in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) dispute resolution ecosystem to mitigate the risks of multiple proceedings and abuse of procedure. Specifically, (i) states should enhance their multilateral and bilateral treaty practices; (ii) arbitral institutions should enhance their arbitral rules as well as cooperate with each other; and (iii) states should direct more efforts to dispute prevention and amicable dispute settlement. This article will explain what these best practices and mechanisms are.

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Masculinity On The Margins: Boundary Work Among Immobile Fathers In Indonesia’S Transnational Families, Andy Scott Chang Mar 2024

Masculinity On The Margins: Boundary Work Among Immobile Fathers In Indonesia’S Transnational Families, Andy Scott Chang

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Scholars underline the persistence of gender disparities in the household division of labor. However, it remains understudied how working-class men manage family life amid the physical absence of breadwinning women. Drawing on 54 in-depth interviews and over 22 months of fieldwork in Indonesia, this article investigates how non-migrant fathers navigate conjugal and paternal responsibilities in families headed by migrant mothers. I argue that the reproduction of mother-away transnational families hinges on a refashioning of male conduct for the accomplishment of immobile fatherhood — a model of parenthood developed by non-migrant fathers to accommodate the migration of mothers. I examine the …

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The Interpersonal Effects Of Emotional Expressions With Both And Single Valences On Work-Related Satisfaction: An Examination Of Emotions And Perceived Openness As Mediators, Ming-Hong Tsai Mar 2024

The Interpersonal Effects Of Emotional Expressions With Both And Single Valences On Work-Related Satisfaction: An Examination Of Emotions And Perceived Openness As Mediators, Ming-Hong Tsai

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Work-related satisfaction has critical benefits. To predict work-related satisfaction, we investigated how a counterpart’s expressions of emotional complexity (both positive and negative emotions), positive emotions, and negative emotions influenced a perceiver’s work-related satisfaction during discussions over different work-relevant ideas. We conducted a three-wave coworker survey (N = 529) and an experiment with a confederate as a task partner (N = 378). The results consistently showed significant positive impacts of a counterpart’s emotional complexity and positive emotion expressions on a perceiver’s work-related satisfaction by enhancing the perceiver’s positive emotions and evaluation of the counterpart’s openness. Conversely, a counterpart’s negative emotion expression …

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Negative Work-To-Family Spillover Stress And Heightened Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers In Midlife And Older Adults, Andree Hartanto, K.T.A.Sandeeshwara Kasturiratna, Meilan Hu, Shu Fen Diong, Verity Y. Q. Lua Mar 2024

Negative Work-To-Family Spillover Stress And Heightened Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers In Midlife And Older Adults, Andree Hartanto, K.T.A.Sandeeshwara Kasturiratna, Meilan Hu, Shu Fen Diong, Verity Y. Q. Lua

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the health implications of negative work-to-family spillover on cardiovascular risk biomarkers. Methods: In a large-scale cross-sectional dataset of working or self-employed midlife and older adults in the United States (N = 1179), we examined five biomarkers linked to cardiovascular risk, including high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein. Negative work-to-family spillover, measured using a four-item self-reported questionnaire, was included into our model to study its association with these cardiovascular risk biomarkers. Results: Our findings indicate a significant association between negative work-to-family spillover and cardiovascular risk biomarkers – higher …

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Exploring The Dynamics Of Cross-Boundary Interactions In Qinglinkou, China: The Perspective Of Networks Of Second-Home Owners, Meiling Wu, Mengqiu Cao, Jiuxia Sun Mar 2024

Exploring The Dynamics Of Cross-Boundary Interactions In Qinglinkou, China: The Perspective Of Networks Of Second-Home Owners, Meiling Wu, Mengqiu Cao, Jiuxia Sun

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Cross-boundary interactions between second-home owners and local are complex over time–networks form and evolve within second-home owners and between owners and locals, each with its deliberately selective inclusion and exclusion. However, little attention has been paid to this phenomenon in the literature. This study, based on social network analysis alongside qualitative interviews, explores the dynamics of interactions between second-home owners and locals by analysing the networks formed by second-home owners in Qinglinkou, China. The ways in which second-home owners maintain and strengthen pre-existing networks with other owners and forge new links with locals, shape the cross-boundary interactions between the two …

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Obfuscation And Rational Inattention, Aljoscha Janssen, Johannes Kasinger Mar 2024

Obfuscation And Rational Inattention, Aljoscha Janssen, Johannes Kasinger

Research Collection School Of Economics

We study the behavior of duopolistic firms that can obfuscate their prices before competing on price. Obfuscation affects the rational inattentive consumers' optimal information strategy, which determines the probabilistic demand. Our model advances related models by allowing consumers to update their unrestricted prior beliefs with an informative signal of any form. We show that the game may result in an obfuscation equilibrium with high prices or a transparency equilibrium with low prices and no obfuscation, providing an argument for market regulation. Obfuscation equilibria cease to exist for low information costs and if one firm seems a priori considerably more attractive.

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Migration And Resource Misallocation In China, Xiaolu Li, Lin Ma, Yang Tang Mar 2024

Migration And Resource Misallocation In China, Xiaolu Li, Lin Ma, Yang Tang

Research Collection School Of Economics

We structurally estimate the firm-level frictions across prefectures in China and quantify their aggregate and distributional implications. Based on a general equilibrium model with input and output distortions and migration, we show that the firm-level frictions are less dispersed and less correlated with firm productivity in richer prefectures. Counterfactual exercises show that reducing the within-prefecture misallocation increases aggregate welfare, discourages migration toward large prefectures, and reduces spatial inequality. Moreover, internal migration alleviates micro-frictions’ impacts on aggregate welfare and worsens their effects on spatial inequality.

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The Interplay Of Interdependence And Correlation In Bilateral Trade, Takashi Kunimoto, Cuiling Zhang Mar 2024

The Interplay Of Interdependence And Correlation In Bilateral Trade, Takashi Kunimoto, Cuiling Zhang

Research Collection School Of Economics

Crémer and McLean (1988) show that the seller can extract full surplus almost always by an incentive compatible, individually rational mechanism in a single-unit auction model with a finite type space in which agents' beliefs are correlated and their valuations can be interdependent. We first show that this paradoxically positive result can be extended to a model of bilateral trades. To make it more realistic, we investigate when ex-post efficiency and ex-post budget balance in bilateral trades can also be achieved by an incentive compatible, individually rational mechanism. We identify a necessary condition for the existence of such mechanisms and …

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High Frequency Principal Component Analysis Based On Correlation Matrix That Is Robust To Jumps, Microstructure Noise And Asynchronous Observation Times, Dachuan Chen Mar 2024

High Frequency Principal Component Analysis Based On Correlation Matrix That Is Robust To Jumps, Microstructure Noise And Asynchronous Observation Times, Dachuan Chen

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper developed the high frequency estimation for the principal component analysis (PCA) based on correlation matrix. This estimation methodology is robust to jumps, microstructure noise and asynchronous observation times simultaneously, which is enabled by the newly proposed Truncated and Smoothed Two-Scales Realized Volatility (Truncated S-TSRV) estimator. The general framework of our methodology is constructed based on the estimation of realized spectral functions with respect to the spot correlation matrix. A new asymptotic representation for the element-wise estimation error of the spot correlation matrix estimate has been derived, resulting in a new bias correction term which is much more complex …

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Bootstrap Inference For Quantile Treatment Effects In Randomized Experiments With Matched Pairs, Liang Jiang, Xiaobin Liu, Peter C B Phillips, Yichong Zhang Mar 2024

Bootstrap Inference For Quantile Treatment Effects In Randomized Experiments With Matched Pairs, Liang Jiang, Xiaobin Liu, Peter C B Phillips, Yichong Zhang

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper examines methods of inference concerning quantile treatment effects (QTEs) in randomized experiments with matched-pairs designs (MPDs). Standard multiplier bootstrap inference fails to capture the negative dependence of observations within each pair and is therefore conservative. Analytical inference involves estimating multiple functional quantities that require several tuning parameters. Instead, this paper proposes two bootstrap methods that can consistently approximate the limit distribution of the original QTE estimator and lessen the burden of tuning parameter choice. Most especially, the inverse propensity score weighted multiplier bootstrap can be implemented without knowledge of pair identities.

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Life Satisfaction Changes And Adaptation In The Covid-19 Pandemic: Evidence From Singapore, Terence C. Cheng, Seonghoon Kim, Kanghyock Koh Mar 2024

Life Satisfaction Changes And Adaptation In The Covid-19 Pandemic: Evidence From Singapore, Terence C. Cheng, Seonghoon Kim, Kanghyock Koh

Research Collection School Of Economics

We provide novel evidence on how COVID-19 affected overall life satisfaction using a monthly longitudinal survey of middle-aged and older Singaporeans. We study how the subjective well-being of individuals evolves over the course of 18 months including the outbreak of the pandemic, the implementation of the lockdown and the spike of cases due to the delta variant in a country where COVID-19 is controlled in a sustained manner. Using an event-study design framework, we find large declines in overall life satisfaction in the lead-up to and following the lockdown. Fifteen months after the outbreak of the pandemic, and 13 months …

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Decentralized Multimedia Data Sharing In Iov: A Learning-Based Equilibrium Of Supply And Demand, Jiani Fan, Minrui Xu, Jiale Guo, Lwin Khin Shar, Jiawen Kang, Dusit Niyato, Kwok-Yan Lam Mar 2024

Decentralized Multimedia Data Sharing In Iov: A Learning-Based Equilibrium Of Supply And Demand, Jiani Fan, Minrui Xu, Jiale Guo, Lwin Khin Shar, Jiawen Kang, Dusit Niyato, Kwok-Yan Lam

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has great potential to transform transportation systems by enhancing road safety, reducing traffic congestion, and improving user experience through onboard infotainment applications. Decentralized data sharing can improve security, privacy, reliability, and facilitate infotainment data sharing in IoVs. However, decentralized data sharing may not achieve the expected efficiency if there are IoV users who only want to consume the shared data but are not willing to contribute their own data to the community, resulting in incomplete information observed by other vehicles and infrastructure, which can introduce additional transmission latency. Therefore, in this paper, by modeling the …

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Within-Development Density And Housing Prices In Singapore, Eric Fesselmeyer, Haoming Liu, Louisa Poco Mar 2024

Within-Development Density And Housing Prices In Singapore, Eric Fesselmeyer, Haoming Liu, Louisa Poco

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

This paper measures how much more households pay for less density in their immediate surroundings. Using transaction and administrative data and exploiting the introduction of a regulation that restricted the number of housing units for certain land lots, we find that households discount density: a 10% increase in within-development density decreases the price per square meter by 5%. Further, the mean price per square meter of the average development increased by 1%–3% after the regulation was introduced, while the amount of built-up space remained constant. The increase in total revenue suggests developers may underestimate the externality caused by density.

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Measurement Of Regional Electric Vehicle Adoption Using Multiagent Deep Reinforcement Learning, Seung Jun Choi, Junfeng Jiao Mar 2024

Measurement Of Regional Electric Vehicle Adoption Using Multiagent Deep Reinforcement Learning, Seung Jun Choi, Junfeng Jiao

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

This study explores the socioeconomic disparities observed in the early adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) in the United States. A multiagent deep reinforcement learning-based policy simulator was developed to address the disparities. The model, tested using data from Austin, Texas, indicates that neighborhoods with higher incomes and a predominantly White demographic are leading in EV adoption. To help low-income communities keep pace, we introduced tiered subsidies and incrementally increased their amounts. In our environment, with the reward and policy design implemented, the adoption gap began to narrow when the incentive was equivalent to an increase in promotion from 20% to …

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Infrared Investigation In Singapore (Iris) Observatory: Urban Heat Island Contributors And Mitigators Analysis Using Neighborhood-Scale Thermal Imaging, Clayton Miller, Vasantha Ramani, Clayton Miller Mar 2024

Infrared Investigation In Singapore (Iris) Observatory: Urban Heat Island Contributors And Mitigators Analysis Using Neighborhood-Scale Thermal Imaging, Clayton Miller, Vasantha Ramani, Clayton Miller

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

This paper studies heat fluxes from contributors and mitigators of urban heat islands using thermal images and weather data. Thermal images were collected by a rooftop observatory between November 2021 and April 2022. Over the same period, weather stations were operating at several locations on a university campus in Singapore. From collected data, a method was defined to estimate sensible and latent heat fluxes from building façades, vegetation, and traffic. Before analyzing heat fluxes using the method, thermal images were calibrated against measurements made with contact surface sensors. Results show that the method can be used to study heat fluxes …

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Grievance Politics And Technocracy In A Developmental State, Ijlal Naqvi, Federico M. Rossi, Rayner Kay Jin Tan Mar 2024

Grievance Politics And Technocracy In A Developmental State, Ijlal Naqvi, Federico M. Rossi, Rayner Kay Jin Tan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This article uses a process-tracing approach to understand changes in Singapore’s health sector from the start of self-rule in 1959 to the end of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2022. Singapore is a developmental state recognized for its effective management of healthcare costs and its lack of political freedom. In both respects, the ‘Singapore model’ is of interest to other cities and nations. The standard narrative is one of technocratic proficiency in a context in which civic freedoms are heavily constrained, but this article identifies the surprisingly important role of social voices at key moments. It finds episodes in which effective …

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