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Articles 9241 - 9270 of 9329

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Prosecutorial Discretion And The Conditional Waiver: Lessons From The Japanese Experience, Mark Findlay Nov 1993

Prosecutorial Discretion And The Conditional Waiver: Lessons From The Japanese Experience, Mark Findlay

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

A unique characteristic of prosecutorial discretion in Japan is the formal practice of suspension. From the later part of last century, public prosecutors were presented with the discretionary option of waiving or suspending prosecution dependent on certain conditions.

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Auctions For Transferable Objects: Theory And Evidence From The Vehicle Quota System In Singapore, David K. C. Lee, Winston T. H. Koh Oct 1993

Auctions For Transferable Objects: Theory And Evidence From The Vehicle Quota System In Singapore, David K. C. Lee, Winston T. H. Koh

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This paper studies the hypothesis that auctions with resale markets result in higher prices. The vehicle quota system introduced in Singapore in May 1990 provides the setting. The Certificates of Entitlement (COEs) necessary to purchase new cars were initially transferable for all quota categories. After October 1991, COEs for four major categories became non-transferable. Our results indicate that while the conversion to non-transferability eliminated speculation, it has also intensified competition among car distributors. Auctions for non-transferable COEs in fact led to higher COE prices in three of the four categories.

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A Survey Of Expert Systems In Singapore And The Integration Of Multimedia Technology And Expert Systems, Arcot Desai Narasimhalu Aug 1993

A Survey Of Expert Systems In Singapore And The Integration Of Multimedia Technology And Expert Systems, Arcot Desai Narasimhalu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Expert systems technologies have been widely adopted by different industries form the early 1980s. There have been examples of expert systems embedded in applications developed for the financial and banking sector, manufacturing, services and government. In section 2 of this paper, we present a scan of expert systems used in different sectors. Section 3 will cover the expert system tools and applications developed in the decade of the 1980s. Section 4 will present some of the ongoing expert systems related activities. Section 5 will extrapolate the present work to forecast the future types of expert systems that might be developed …

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Urban Constraints, Political Imperatives: Environmental 'Design' In Singapore, Victor R. Savage, Lily Kong Aug 1993

Urban Constraints, Political Imperatives: Environmental 'Design' In Singapore, Victor R. Savage, Lily Kong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

What lies at the heart of the continuing efforts at social education and engineering? We argue that they stem from a political elite which recognises the constraints facing Singapore and the need to deal with them at national level. Specifically, the government in Singapore has recognised the spatial constraints of an island-state and the dangers of a burgeoning population, particularly in relation to the need to sustain a viable urban ecosystem. They have therefore been conscientious in planning and population control. They have also stressed the importance of remaining economically viable in order to survive and an entire survival and …

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Singapore's Motor Vehicle Policy: Review Of Recent Changes And A Suggested Alternative, Sock Yong Phang Jul 1993

Singapore's Motor Vehicle Policy: Review Of Recent Changes And A Suggested Alternative, Sock Yong Phang

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper reviews recent developments in motor vehicle policy in Singapore, viz. the motor vehicle quota and weekend car schemes as well as regulations on cars entering and leaving Singapore. The adoption of a vehicle quota system over and above tax restraints on car ownership has made the job of the planner easier but has resulted in a great deal of price uncertainty in the motor vehicle market. The attendant result of price uncertainty has been speculation or rent seeking, necessitating several adjustments to the rules for the vehicle quota scheme in an attempt to counter speculation. This paper proposes …

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Griffith University Library Law Collection, Elizabeth Naumczyk Jun 1993

Griffith University Library Law Collection, Elizabeth Naumczyk

Research Collection Library

No abstract provided.

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Book Review: Taoist Mystical Philosophy: The Scripture Of Western Ascension By Livia Kohn, Alan Kam Leung Chan Apr 1993

Book Review: Taoist Mystical Philosophy: The Scripture Of Western Ascension By Livia Kohn, Alan Kam Leung Chan

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Livia Kohn's book is a work of considerable scholarship. It offers much more than an analysis of an early Taoist scripture. Not only does it present a careful reading and translation of the Xisheng jing (Scripture of Western Ascension), but it also provides significant insights into the rela- tionship between "Philosophical Taoism" and "Religious Taoism," the nature and development of Taoist mystical philosophy, and the socio- political and intellectual context, the concrete "life-world," of Taoism in early medieval China.

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Rhetorical Vision Of Men And Women Managers In Singapore, Jean S. K. Lee, Hwee Hoon Tan Mar 1993

Rhetorical Vision Of Men And Women Managers In Singapore, Jean S. K. Lee, Hwee Hoon Tan

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Findings from a content analysis of newspaper articles are reported to uncover the rhetorical visions of men and women managers portrayed by the media in Singapore and to unfold the inherent conflicting forces that women managers face. The vision of women managers that was portrayed by the press emphasized the dilemmas and role conflicts that the women managers face, whereas the vision emphasized for the men managers was their managerial abilities. The study also uncovered that the success of the women managers relied on a support system that consisted of a male mentor, a supportive husband, and a mother or …

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Ideological Hegemony And The Political Symbolism Of Religious Buildings In Singapore, Lily Kong Feb 1993

Ideological Hegemony And The Political Symbolism Of Religious Buildings In Singapore, Lily Kong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Cultural geographers have for too long ignored the association between the 'religious' and the 'political', concentrating instead on separating the 'religious' from the sociopolitical and economic forces in society. The challenge is taken up in this paper in an analysis of the contemporary meanings and values of religious buildings in Singapore as invested by the state. Attention is paid to the state's conceptions of religion and religious space and the roles it plays in influencing such space. The ways in which, through its various roles, the state in Singapore plays a significant part in influencing context and hence in shaping …

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Negotiating Conceptions Of 'Sacred Space': A Case Study Of Religious Buildings In Singapore, Lily Kong Jan 1993

Negotiating Conceptions Of 'Sacred Space': A Case Study Of Religious Buildings In Singapore, Lily Kong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

In this paper, I approach the study of religious place from a re-theorized cultural geographical stance. Using multi-religious Singapore as a case study, I examine the tensions which arise over the meanings and values associated with religious buildings because of the conflict between state hegemony on the one hand and the oppositional meanings and values of religious groups and individuals on the other. I also examine the ways in which individuals negotiate their conceptions of sacred space in order to cope with changes imposed on their religious places by the state. Primarily, my argument is that conflict is avoided because …

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Convergence And Divergence – A Preliminary Comparative Analysis Of The Singapore And Hong Kong Legal Systems, Andrew B.L. Phang Jan 1993

Convergence And Divergence – A Preliminary Comparative Analysis Of The Singapore And Hong Kong Legal Systems, Andrew B.L. Phang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Both Singapore and Hong Kong are similar in very many respects: both are city states, although the former is now independent; both have legal systems that derive from English law; and both are devoid of natural resources, dependent upon the industry of their people for economic survival.

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Cementing The Foundations: The Singapore Application Of English Law Act 1993, Andrew B.L. Phang Jan 1993

Cementing The Foundations: The Singapore Application Of English Law Act 1993, Andrew B.L. Phang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

After almost one hundred and seventy-five years since the founding of modern Singapore in 1819,' the Singapore Legislature2 has finally passed the Application ofEnglish LawAct i9933 to clarify the application of English law in the island republic. Prior to the AELA, there were numerous areas of uncertainty with regard to both the general as well as the specific reception of English law that led to a plethora of literature but little else.

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Gender, Ideology, Nation: Judou In The Cultural Politics Of China, William A. Callahan Jan 1993

Gender, Ideology, Nation: Judou In The Cultural Politics Of China, William A. Callahan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

ONE DAY IN February 1991 a Chinese film previously noted mostly for its radical use of color - Ju Dou - became an international political event. Politics and culture (once again) became intimately intertwined as China was honored with its first Oscar nomination at the same time that China was castigated for trying to censor this film, and hence control representations of "China."

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Hong Kong's International Status, Tuck Hong James Tang Jan 1993

Hong Kong's International Status, Tuck Hong James Tang

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Characterizing Hong Kong's international status can be a hazardous endeavour.As a British colony and not a sovereign state, the territory has not been seen asan independent actor on the international stage. Attempts to identify theterritory's status have been further complicated by the 1984 Sino-British agreementto transfer Hong Kong's sovereignty from Britain to China in 1997. WhenHong Kong becomes a Special Administrative Region (SAR) with a 'highdegree of autonomy' under Chinese sovereignty after 1997, it will continue to bea non-sovereign territorial entity in international terms. Nonetheless, under the'one country; two systems' formula it has been granted extensive authority andpower in its …

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Cultural Rights Again: A Rejoinder To Kymlicka, Chandran Kukathas Nov 1992

Cultural Rights Again: A Rejoinder To Kymlicka, Chandran Kukathas

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

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A Model Of The Link Between The Fiscal System And Singapore's Central Provident Fund In General Equilibrium, Hian Teck Hoon, Kai Lin Teo Oct 1992

A Model Of The Link Between The Fiscal System And Singapore's Central Provident Fund In General Equilibrium, Hian Teck Hoon, Kai Lin Teo

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper demonstrates a channel through which the fiscal system interacts with the choice of CPF contribution rates to affect total savings, and hence, capital accumulation and the current account. It is shown that in the presence of a wage income tax, raising either the employee's or employer's contribution rates raises the total private earnings. On the other hand, in the presence of a capital income tax, raising the employee's or employer's contribution rates lowers total private savings. However, when we introduce a productive role for government spending, we show that an increase in CPF contribution rates under a balances …

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Review Of Judicial Decision-Making In The People's Republic Of China: An Overview Of Unique Developments, Mark Findlay Jul 1992

Review Of Judicial Decision-Making In The People's Republic Of China: An Overview Of Unique Developments, Mark Findlay

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

While the constitutional injunction to independence is general, specific legislative provisions do not directly preclude the overall governance of the Party. In fact, the initial articles of the 1982 Constitution celebrate the 'dignity of the socialist legal system' (Article 5), and as the preamble confirms, the construction and maintenance of Chinese socialism remains under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. Therefore it might be argued that the protection of judicial power from the 'interference by administrative organs, public organisations or individuals' (Article 126) does not envisage the intervention of the Party.

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Are There Any Cultural Rights?, Chandran Kukathas Feb 1992

Are There Any Cultural Rights?, Chandran Kukathas

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

I shall advance the thesis that if there are any moral rights at all, it follows that there is at least one natural right, the equal right of all men to be free.

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Australian Academic Legal Information Centres: Issues For The Law Library Of 2001, Elizabeth Naumczyk Jan 1992

Australian Academic Legal Information Centres: Issues For The Law Library Of 2001, Elizabeth Naumczyk

Research Collection Library

By the year 2001, Australian academic law libraries will face different challenges than those of today, especially as an increase in library users and a growth in the volume of legal literature can be confidently predicted. The question is to identify these challenges and to define ways to deal with them. Already, academic libraries with limited and decreasing funds, and under-resourced law schools in Australia, are having difficulty coping with the costs of running law libraries in their present form. A central issue will be the availability of funds to cope with given changes, including how to redirect these funds …

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Xinyong Or How To Trust Trust? Chinese Non-Contractual Business Relations And Social Structure :The Singapore Case, Thomas Menkhoff Jan 1992

Xinyong Or How To Trust Trust? Chinese Non-Contractual Business Relations And Social Structure :The Singapore Case, Thomas Menkhoff

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

One key for an understanding of Chinese economic behaviour in Singapore, Hong Kong or Malaysia is tmst - a term which has not been thoroughly dealt with in contemporary studies. With reference to the Chinese business community in Chinese-dominated Singapore and sociological concepts of trust, the article aims at analyzing the different levels of meaning of the trust mechanism (Chinese: xinyong) which is seen as essential lubricant in Chinese personalistic and non-contractual business relations. But trust in itself is no guarantee of cooperative behaviour. To enable interpersonal trust as precommitment and basis of local or international trading networks and commercial …

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Auditing Practices In Singapore, See Liang Foo Jan 1992

Auditing Practices In Singapore, See Liang Foo

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

The accounting profession in Singapore plays an important part in the country's economy because it ensures foreign investors' confidence that their investments are audited by competent, independent, and credible auditors. The emergence of joint stock companies in Singapore was made possible by the Indian Joint Stock Companies Act of 1857. The Act requires every company to maintain proper accounting and other records which will explain sufficiently the transactions and financial position of the company and to enable true and fair profit and loss account and balance-sheet and any documents required to be attached thereto to be prepared from time to …

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Some Improvements On An Algorithm For Controlled Selection, Ting Kwong Lin Jan 1992

Some Improvements On An Algorithm For Controlled Selection, Ting Kwong Lin

Research Collection School Of Economics

The sampling technique called controlled selection was f'irst described by Goodman and Kish (1950). It was found to be a very useful sampling technique among practicing survey samplers, especially in selecting first-stage units in multi-stage sampling. Hess, Riedel and Fitzpatrick (1961, 1975) have given a simple illustration on how it can be implemented in the sampling of hospitals in the state of Michigan. In this paper, we show how the Groves-Hess algorithm can be improved and how further controls which are useful to survey practitioners can be built into the algorithm. Problems the old algorithm could not solve can now …

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The Sacred And The Secular: Exploring Contemporary Meanings And Values For Religious Buildings In Singapore, Lily Kong Jan 1992

The Sacred And The Secular: Exploring Contemporary Meanings And Values For Religious Buildings In Singapore, Lily Kong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

The study of human environmental experiences has engaged a range of disciplinary attention, with work deriving chiefly from environmental psychologists and geographers. However, most research has focused on the sensory aspects of environmental experience, while the intangible, immeasurable experiences of environments have been somewhat neglected. Certainly, the meanings and values that are invested in places, which form part of the interaction between humans and environments, have not been sufficiently researched. My intention in this paper is to address one aspect of this silence, namely the ways in which humans experience their religious environments, and more particularly, the symbolic meanings and …

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Review Of Michael Oakeshott, Rationalism In Politics And Other Essays, And Paul Franco, The Political Philosophy Of Michael Oakeshott, Chandran Kukathas Jan 1992

Review Of Michael Oakeshott, Rationalism In Politics And Other Essays, And Paul Franco, The Political Philosophy Of Michael Oakeshott, Chandran Kukathas

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Michael Oakeshott (1901-1990) was a political philosopher associated for most of his academic career with Caius and Gonville College as Official Fellow and Lecturer in History and later with the London School of Econom- ics as Professor of Political Science. His name is sometimes mentioned with those of two other famous thinkers associated with the LSE-Karl Popper and F. A. Hayek-and like them he has had a notable influence on contem- porary political thought. Yet whereas Hayek and Popper wrote a great deal on a variety of topics and were often at the center of academic controversy, Oakeshott wrote little, …

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Frustration In English Law – A Reappraisal, Andrew B.L. Phang Jan 1992

Frustration In English Law – A Reappraisal, Andrew B.L. Phang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

There are few doctrines in the English common law of contract that have raised as much theoretical discussion as the doctrine of frustration. The present article attempts a reappraisal of the doctrine, its central thesis being that many of the major controversies centring on the doctrine have been unnecessary as they stem from an omission to view the doctrine in a holistic fashion. Indeed, it is submitted that a more coherent view must proceed from a theoretical reappraisal, which reappraisal would, ironically, lead to a more cogent practical application of the doctrine itself. That theory lies at the core of …

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Comparative Advantage And The Equilibrium Rate Of Unemployment, Hian Teck Hoon Nov 1991

Comparative Advantage And The Equilibrium Rate Of Unemployment, Hian Teck Hoon

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper develops a two-country Heckscher-Ohlin model with endogenous equilibrium involuntary unemployment to examine the question: What is the effect of free trade on the equilibrium rates of unemployment in the labor abundant and labor-scarce countries? It is shown that free trade leads to a decline in the equilibrium rate of unemployment in the labor-abundant country but to a rise in unemployment in the labor-scarce country.

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The Law Of Assembly In The People's Republic Of China: Implications Of The Retreat To Formal Legalism For The Legislative Process In China, Mark Findlay, Thomas Chor-Wing Chiu Sep 1991

The Law Of Assembly In The People's Republic Of China: Implications Of The Retreat To Formal Legalism For The Legislative Process In China, Mark Findlay, Thomas Chor-Wing Chiu

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Under the most current constitution, written in 1982, the citizens of the PRC are guaranteed freedom of the press, speech, assembly, association, procession, and demonstration; furthermore, all citizens enjoy the rights and assume the responsibilities prescribed by the constitution and the law. In 1989, following the student democracy demonstrations in the PRC, the government circulated a draft of the law concerning assemblies, processions, and demonstrations for public comment. While the 24 articles of the draft legislation effectively removed the right to free public protest by interposing a variety of administrative procedures governing proscription of venue, application, approval, and review, the …

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Technology Exports From A Small, Very Open Nic: The Case Of Singapore, Eng Fong Pang, Hal Hill May 1991

Technology Exports From A Small, Very Open Nic: The Case Of Singapore, Eng Fong Pang, Hal Hill

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This paper examines the nature, composition and determinants of Singapore's early stage technology exports. The pattern of these exports reflects the quite unique mix of policy and institutional features in Singapore's environment - remarkably high growth, very open economy, rapid structural change, particularly intense economic relations with neighboring Southeast Asian nations, and a pervasive and paternalistic state role. The bases of Singapore's comparative advantage in these service exports are identified, and some general implications from its experience are analyzed.

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Term Structure Of Interest Rates In The Singapore Asian Dollar Market, Tom K. Y. Lee, Yiu Kuen Tse Apr 1991

Term Structure Of Interest Rates In The Singapore Asian Dollar Market, Tom K. Y. Lee, Yiu Kuen Tse

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper investigates empirically the term structure of interest rates in the Singapore Asian Dollar Market. We consider extended versions of the ARCH-M model of Engle, Lilien, and Robins (1987). The extended models permit autocorrelation, skewness and leptokurtosis in the residuals. The robustness of the empirical tests with respect to alternative specifications of the ARCH process is examined. It turns out that there is significant time-varying term premium, and this conclusion is independent of the hypothesized ARCH model.

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The Fraternal Conceit: Individualist Versus Collectivist Ideas Of Community, Chandran Kukathas Jan 1991

The Fraternal Conceit: Individualist Versus Collectivist Ideas Of Community, Chandran Kukathas

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

In the modern world countless minorities press separate claims for recognition by their fellow countrymen, by their states and, in some cases, by the world. Many of these groups, such as the Australian Aborigines and New Zealand Maoris, describe themselves as indigenous peoples, while others identify themselves simply as ethnic or cultural minorities with legitimate grievances. The various demands made by such groups leave us in no doubt that there is a political problem. But there is also an important philosophical question to be addressed: a question about the terms of civil association. The modern world has seen two great …

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