Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Asian Open Research Data And Its Potential For Ai: Bridging The Digital Divide Through Strategic Data Sharing, Mark Hahnel, Simon Porter

FORCE 2026

The growing momentum for open research data in Asia intersects with global advances in artificial intelligence (AI). Open data policies and infrastructures are increasingly recognized as critical enablers of research equity, reproducibility, and innovation. This talk examines the current state of open academic data, highlights economic and scientific arguments for its adoption, and explores the transformative potential of Asian open data ecosystems in powering AI-driven discovery. Drawing on global examples such as the Protein Data Bank and emerging health datasets, the discussion positions Asian institutions to leverage open strategies that simultaneously meet compliance mandates, enhance visibility, and accelerate breakthroughs in …

From Notebooks To Knowledge: Curvenote And The Open Ecosystem For Continuous, Computational Science, Mike Morrison, Rowan Cockett

FORCE 2026

Scientific communication is evolving — yet most of today’s research is still trapped in static PDFs that fail to capture the computation, data, and interactivity that define modern science. Curvenote is an open-source Scientific Content Management System and publishing framework that bridges this gap by connecting authoring, computation, and open infrastructure across the research lifecycle.

Built with MyST Markdown (a Jupyter project) and integrated with Jupyter Book, Curvenote enables researchers to author, review, and publish modular scientific content directly from computational notebooks — preserving executable code, metadata, and rich visualizations. The result is a seamless, web-native workflow that transforms a …

Managing Ai Bot Access To Open Scholarly Infrastructures, Petr Knoth

FORCE 2026

The rapid rise of generative AI has created unprecedented demand for large, high-quality research corpora. Open access repositories and other open scholarly infrastructures have therefore become primary sources for AI bots, because they host research that is not universally reliable, but remains far more evidence-based than most web content. This is both an opportunity and a strain: repositories are now more valuable than ever, but machine traffic brings sustainability, capacity and policy challenges. Repositories may be able to scale, but who should fund that scaling, and under what conditions?

The core dilemma is how to curb abusive high-load bot activity …

Integration Of Research Software In Open Scholarship, Michelle Barker, Daniel S. Katz

FORCE 2026

The Research Software Alliance’s Publishing Research Software Forum is a collaboration of publishers committed to recognizing research software as fundamental and vital to research, supporting it, and connecting it and its developers to research publications. The forum provides a formal mechanism for members to share practices and consider how to individually and collectively address common challenges to achieve the significant cultural change needed across the research sector globally.

This presentation will share the forum’s work to increase policy alignment and implementation; incentives and enforcements to support researcher citation of research software; and alignment with broader efforts to improve citation of …

Beyond The Launch: Seven Years Of Sustaining An Open Educational Resource After The Grant Ends, Susan Gardner Archambault

FORCE 2026

This presentation shares seven years of lessons from maintaining Project CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), an award-winning, open-access platform where librarians and educators share adaptable information literacy assignments. Launched in 2016 with grant support and strong community engagement, CORA saw early success: international page views across 150+ countries, 200+ shared assignments and teaching resources, and community-building features like "adapt this assignment" and leaderboards.

But when funding ended in 2018, Project CORA entered what many open projects experience but few discuss publicly: the precarious post-grant phase, when initial funding and enthusiasm fade but infrastructure still needs support. Annual contributions dropped …

Research Integrity Without Borders: How Getftr Extends Trust Across The Scholarly Ecosystem, Joris Van Rossum

FORCE 2026

As research discovery increasingly happens beyond publisher platforms (through aggregators, institutional repositories, AI tools, and citation networks) maintaining trust in the integrity of the scholarly record becomes ever more complex. Visibility is not enough; researchers need confidence that what they find, read, and cite is current, authoritative, and trustworthy.

GetFTR (Get Full Text Research) addresses this challenge by embedding integrity and transparency signals, including retractions, errata, updates, and license information, directly into the researcher’s discovery experience. Through its cross-publisher API and integrations with major discovery tools, GetFTR ensures that researchers are always connected to the version of record and alerted …

Assessment Beyond Transactions: Measuring Library Impact In Knowledge Synthesis And Research Support, Shameem Nilofar Maideen

FORCE 2026

As newer forms of research assessment emerge that move away from narrow bibliometric indicators toward holistic evaluation of scholarly contributions, academic libraries face both an opportunity and a challenge to articulate their value beyond transactional metrics. Traditional library assessments such as circulation statistics, database logins, and reference transactions fail to capture libraries' increasingly sophisticated roles in knowledge synthesis, research integrity support, and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration.

This session explores emerging and possible assessment methodologies that align library evaluation with broader research assessment reform movements. Through examples from Singapore Management University Libraries' transformation toward knowledge partnership models and an analysis of innovative …

Force11 Working Group: Preserving Interactive And Executable Research Content In The Scholarly Record, Nokome Bentley

FORCE 2026

The FORCE11 “Preserving Interactive Research Content” working group (PIRC) has brought together publishers, infrastructure providers, librarians, and researchers to define principles, frameworks, and degradation pathways for maintaining these connections over time. Our goal is not just to archive code and data, but to preserve the affordance of interaction—the ability to tweak, explore, and understand how results were derived.

Modern research is increasingly computational and interactive. From data-heavy simulations to AI-driven analyses, scientists rely on code, data, and interactive tools to interrogate and produce results. Yet scholarly communication remains largely stuck in the print era - the static PDF research paper. …

Diamond Open Access Journals In India: Status, Sustainability And Challenges, Mallikarjun Dora, Kanagasabai K, Raj Kishor Kampa

FORCE 2026

Open-access publishing has transformed scholarly communication in recent decades. The share of OA articles between 2014 and 2024 increased by 26%, from a modest 14% in 2014 to 40% in 2024. OA journals have evolved over time and exist in various models based on funding mechanisms, including the Gold, Green, Hybrid, and Diamond models. While OA publishing emerged in response to scientific inequality, middle- and low-income countries face the barrier of high Article Processing Charges (APC), which hinder them from publishing in those journals (Alperin, 2022). The Article Processing Charges are part of the Gold and Hybrid OA models, where …

Bridging Metrics And Meaning: Integrating Traditional And Alternative Indicators For Responsible Research Assessment, Junjie Shen, Sarah Ormes

FORCE 2026

How do we recognise great research in all its diverse forms? Around the world, institutions are trying to move beyond simple citation counts toward something fairer and more meaningful. At the University of Bath in the UK, we’ve been experimenting with ways to combine traditional bibliometrics with richer indicators of engagement, such as policy influence, media attention, and real-world impact, to build a more balanced picture of research quality.

In this lightning talk, we’ll share what we’ve learned so far: how we co-created guidance with researchers, librarians, and research managers; how we built discipline-sensitive approaches; and how we trained our …

Oxa: An Open Exchange Architecture For Modular And Computational Scientific Content, Nokome Bentley, Rowan Cockett, Tracy Teal

FORCE 2026

Scientific communication remains bound by legacy formats designed for print, even as research itself has become computational, collaborative, and continuous. The Open Exchange Architecture (OXA, https://oxa.dev), is a community-driven schema and specification for representing scientific documents as structured, interoperable JSON. Developed in collaboration/participation with projects such as Jupyter, MyST, Stencila, Curvenote, Posit (Quarto), openRxiv, PLOS, eLife, Octopus, Creative Common, and the Continuous Science Foundation, OXA defines typed, linkable nodes (text, math, code, figures, metadata) that together form a shared “bedrock” for interoperable, modular, machine-readable, and executable research.

OXA allows for the exchange of scientific content across authoring environments (MyST …

Using Ai-Assisted Programming To Develop Research Services Tools For Research Impact, Open Access Publishing & More, Gary Lee

FORCE 2026

Academic libraries play a vital role in scholarly communication, As research practices become more data‑driven and interdisciplinary, librarians can help scholars by creating and sharing flexible, customizable tools that align with local workflows and user needs.

AI Assisted programming (sometimes called “vibe coding”) offers a new way for librarians without extensive programming knowledge to develop such tools . This allows previously non-expert librarians to go from conceptual goals to working applications by rapid prototyping, experimentation, and roll-out, resulting in service innovation and improvement.

This presentation illustrates how librarians at HKUST have explored vibe coding with tools like GROK, POE, and …

Mapping The Landscape Of The Open Access Journals Using Open Journal Systems From Indonesian University Publishers, Maria Lamury

FORCE 2026

This study maps the landscape of open access (OA) journals published by Indonesian university publishers using the Open Journal Systems (OJS) platform, highlighting collaborative efforts in advancing scholarly communication across institutional and disciplinary boundaries. Using the latest data from the OJS Beacon dataset and journal websites, this analysis examines the distribution, characteristics, and visibility of open access journals managed by 1,529 university publishers, representing a sample of 15,293 university publishers in Indonesia. Many research stated that Indonesia hosts the world’s largest number of OJS-based journals, with more than half adopting the Gold OA model. This balance reflects both the growing …

Recognizing And Rewarding Peer Review: Rethinking Research Assessment For Openness, Fairness, And Global Equity, Tung Tung Chan, Bernd Pulverer, Johan Rooryck

FORCE 2026

The Coalition for Advancing Research Assessment (CoARA) Working Group on Recognizing and Rewarding Peer Review has developed a comprehensive framework for reforming how scholarly review is valued within research careers. Our recommendations address a fundamental question: how can peer review, a critical yet often invisible scholarly contribution, be made visible, credited, and meaningfully integrated into research assessment?

Developed through a collaborative effort across 16 European organisations, the Working Group’s outputs offer targeted recommendations for four key stakeholder groups: research performing organizations, research funding bodies, publishers and editors, and individual researchers. These recommendations are structured across five key dimensions:
(1) Openness: …

Open Research Information - How To Support Publishers To Make Metadata Openly Availble, Bianca Kramer

FORCE 2026

Research information, or scholarly metadata, is important for decision making around strategic priorities, distribution of resources, and evaluation of researchers and institutions. It is also used to assess the effect of policies, and to find and assess research results. Open research information (free to access and free to (re)use) is increasingly valued for fair assessment and equitable decision making, and is also important in digital sovereignty.


The Barcelona Declaration on Open Research Information calls on organizations performing, funding and evaluating research to make openness of research information the default, work with services and systems that support and enable open research …

Mapping Themes, Aligning Strategies: Institutional Research Analytics With Bertopic And Genai, Danping Dong, Pin Pin Yeo

FORCE 2026

Libraries and research offices are increasingly tasked with making sense of unstructured institutional data, such as research publications and strategic documents. These insights help inform decision-making and leadership planning. This session shares how SMU Libraries leveraged BERTopic, an open-source topic modeling tool, together with generative AI tools such as ChatGPT and Claude, to extract meaningful insights from faculty publications and support institutional sensemaking.

In one use case, we applied BERTopic to university-authored publications to surface thematic groupings related to research about Asia. Generative AI tools were then used to summarize each cluster into human-readable narratives, enabling research landscape mapping, identification …

Sharing The Load: Building An Open Research Information Collective, Cameron Neylon, Bianca Kramer

FORCE 2026

The rise of open research information resources is transforming the way we track, analyse and study research systems. Increasingly sources like OpenAIRE, OpenAlex, Crossref, DataCite, ORCID, ROR and others are being used as the basis for making decisions, designing interventions

and understanding progress. This operates both at the small scale, where access to data and evidence is easier than it has ever been, to the very large scale analysis of whole systems. Modern open data sources provide access, including access to full copies of the data, but there has been less focus on providing this access in a way that …

Researcher Impact Framework: Building Audience-Focused Evidence-Based Impact Narratives, Giovanna Lima

FORCE 2026

While a wealth of resources has been developed to help researchers plan for and communicate their projects anticipated impact when applying for funding proposals, not many resources have been developed for researchers when communicating their own impact as researchers at an individual level.
To support researchers in doing this Dr Giovanna Lima and Sarah Bowman have developed the Researcher Impact Framework (RIF). This framework helps to better share a broad spectrum of the researcher’s achievements in generation of knowledge, development of individuals, forming collaborations, supporting the research community and broader society.
The RIF provides a structure for crafting audience-focused evidence-based …

A Developing Critical Lens Based On Distinct Scholar Experiences In Scholarly Communication, Angel Y. Ford

FORCE 2026

Scholars around the world, even from core research locations, express frustration at the processes of sharing and disseminating research. Scholars discuss the confusing or conflicting reviews they receive, and the astronomical fees to publish in Open Access (OA) journals, but when these global factors are combined with regional factors for scholars in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the view of the scholarly communication landscape can quickly go from challenging, to treacherous and at times a career stunting topography with a variety of obstacles and barriers. The terrain scholars cross to obtain, produce, and disseminate research outputs looks different based on …

Opening Keynote: From 'Publish Or Perish' To Purpose And People: Going Together On Research Assessment Reform, Lily Kong

FORCE 2026

Universities hold a unique position as the brain trusts of society — creating knowledge, countering misinformation, and catalysing innovation that drives societal progress. Yet the cultures of "publish or perish" and competitive rankings have led academia to focus on certain metrics, and in so doing, chase misplaced goals. This has resulted in some misdirections: misconduct, data manipulation, mistreatment of early-career researchers, and a troubling misalignment between what scholars pursue and what society needs. How can we begin to rethink research impact beyond standard metrics to embrace both academic excellence and societal contribution? In the spirit of FORCE 2026's theme, Prof …

Pre-Conference Workshop 4: Global Perspectives On Open Research Information, Dominika Tkaczyk, Bianca Kramer

FORCE 2026

Research information (or metadata) relates to the conduct and communication of research. his includes bibliographic metadata, information about research software, research data, funding, research contributors, and more. It is located in systems such as bibliographic databases, software archives, data repositories, and current research information systems. Many research information infrastructures are closed, and yet they play an important role in research assessment and resource allocation in many countries. The Barcelona Declaration on Open research Information seeks to drive fundamental changes in this landscape. How do these concerns play out in other regions—are they shared globally? In this session, with a series …

Pre-Conference Workshop 2: Toward A Shared Understanding Of Data Use: Bringing The Data Usage Typology Into Practice, Evgeny Bobrov, Scott Edmunds

FORCE 2026

As open data becomes an increasingly key practice in research, understanding how data are used is becoming essential to inform data policies and facilitate inclusion of data in research assessment. Different groups have started categorizing uses for their own purposes, but the community lacked consensus on how to conceptualize the types of uses of datasets. This hinders comparison of reports on the uses of data, and their transferability into evaluation processes. The FORCE11 Data Usage Typologies Working Group is creating a community-led typology to capture the diverse ways in which datasets are (re)used, and to enable a shared understanding of …

Pre-Conference Workshop 3: Pids And Research Integrity: Paths To Increase Provenance For Research For Asia Pacific Universities And Researchers, Brian Minihan

FORCE 2026

Interest in persistent identifiers (PIDs) is growing for metadata simplicity of research, but details of provenance also accompany connections between people, works, and organisations through PIDs. Are there paths of cooperation for those entrusted with curating research in South, South East and East Asia?

The veracity, simplicity and ability to authenticate metadata stored by PIDs is why several nations are exploring national strategies.

This interactive workshop seeks to engage stakeholders with a focus on the Asia Pacific region to discuss methods to bring institutions to consider whether PIDs adoption increases research integrity, or practical methods institutions can undertake in their …

Emotional Support Through Ai: Venting To Artificial Intelligence Or A Perceived Human May Offer Comparable Emotional Well-Being Benefits, Meilan Hu, Jerlyn Q. H. Ho, Claire Ng, Shermaine S. M. Wong, Andree Hartanto

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbots are increasingly being explored as sources of informal emotional support, with emerging evidence suggesting that venting to these systems can reduce negative affect. Yet, it remains unclear whether such benefits depend on the responder's perceived identity. Given that emotional relief from venting often hinges on perceived authenticity and emotional validation, this study investigates whether the emotional well-being benefits of venting differ when users believe they are interacting with an AI chatbot versus a human, even when responses are content-matched. In a pre-registered experiment ( N = 279), participants were randomly assigned to either an AI-assisted venting …

To Go Far, Go Together: Force2026 Brings The World’S Scholarly Communication Community To Singapore, Singapore Management University

SMU Press Releases and News

Singapore Management University Libraries (SMU Libraries) hosted FORCE2026, the annual conference of FORCE11, from 3 to 5 June 2026 in our city campus.

FORCE11 is a global community dedicated to advancing how scholarly knowledge is created, shared, and used. The conference commemorated FORCE11’s 15-year journey of building a global community committed to improving scholarly communication and research assessment.

FORCE2026 marked the first time the conference was held in Asia, positioning Singapore and SMU Libraries at the centre of global conversations on the future of research, scholarly communication and research assessment. By bringing the conference to the region, SMU Libraries …

Public Acceptance Of Meat-Reduction Policies Across Cultures: Comparing Singapore And Switzerland, Bianca Wassmann, Shu Tian Ng, Mark Chong, Angela K. Y. Leung, Michael Siegrist

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Purpose – As meat-reduction policies are discussed across the globe, many are met with public resistance. Cultural values may help explain this pushback, yet their role in shaping support for food policy remains poorly understood. This study is the first to apply cultural cognition theory to food policy by examining how cultural worldviews shape the acceptance of meat-reduction interventions in Singapore and Switzerland—two economically developed countries with contrasting cultural profiles. Design/methodology/approach – In an online survey, participants (Singapore: n = 357; Switzerland: n = 495) rated their acceptance of 11 meat-reduction interventions (e.g. taxes, subsidies, labelling). We then analysed to …

Compellingness In Nash Implementation, Shurojit Chatterji, Takashi Kunimoto, Paulo Daniel Salles Ramos

Research Collection School Of Economics

A social choice function (SCF) is said to be Nash implementable (in pure strategies) if there exists a mechanism in which every pure-strategy Nash equilibrium induces outcomes specified by the SCF. The main objective of this paper is to assess the impact of considering mixed-strategy equilibria in Nash implementation. We define compelling Nash implementation as a case where the implementing mechanism possesses a pure-strategy equilibrium that strictly Pareto dominates any undesired mixed-strategy equilibrium. We show that if the finite environment and the SCF to be implemented jointly satisfy what we call Condition COM, then we can construct a finite …

Long-Term Mine Planning: A Survey Of Classical, Hybrid And Artificial Intelligence-Based Methods, Nurul Asyikeen Azhar, Aldy Gunawan, Shih-Fen Cheng, Erwin Leonardi

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The aim of long-term mine planning (LTMP) is two-fold: to maximize the net present value of profits (NPV) and determine how ores are sequentially processed over the lifetime. This scheduling task is computationally complex as it is rife with variables, constraints, periods, uncertainties, and unique operations. In this paper, we present trends in the literature in the recent decade. One trend is the shift from deterministic toward stochastic problems as they reflect real-world complexities. A complexity of growing concern is also in sustainable mine planning. Another trend is the shift from traditional operational research solutions — relying on exact or …

Extensive And Intensive Margin Labor Supply On Ride-Sourcing Platforms, Hao Sun, Hai Wang, Zhixi Wan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The rapid expansion of ride-sourcing platforms has enabled freelance drivers to flexibly determine both their participation and working hours. Understanding this flexible labor supply behavior is essential for managing platform capacity and evaluating the impacts of pricing and incentive policies on driver welfare. This study develops a labor supply model in which drivers optimally choose whether to participate (extensive margin) and how long to work (intensive margin) to maximize their utility from consumption and leisure. The model incorporates heterogeneity in drivers’ other income, idle time, and participation costs, allowing us to analytically characterize equilibrium labor supply decisions. The results show …

The Political Economy Of Mandatory Disclosure: A Literature Review, Hao Liang, Hanyu Zhang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Reviewing the literature on mandatory corporate disclosure from a political economy perspective, we synthesize the classic justifications for disclosure regulations while emphasizing why voluntary disclosure often fails to achieve socially efficient transparency. We also highlight how legal institutions, enforcement capacity, and political forces shape the design, credibility, and effectiveness of disclosure mandates. Drawing on evidence from international and China-focused studies, we review empirical findings on how mandatory disclosure affects investor protection, information environments, and firm behavior, showing that similar reporting rules yield different outcomes across institutional settings. We further extend the discussion to ESG and climate-related disclosure to examine emerging …