Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Role Of The Nurse Middle Manager In A Military Health Care Setting, Terry Brown

Ellmer School of Nursing Theses & Dissertations

This study examined the expectations and perceptions of 63 military nurse participants from all levels of the nurse hierarchy for the role of the military nurse middle manager. Utilizing a tool developed by the researcher, the MMRQ, the study sought to explore role clarity and the importance of the management principles: planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. Relationships and differences in nursing perceptions were analyzed using Pearson Correlation and Discriminant Analysis. Although the hypothesis of no relationship between expectations and perceptions could not be supported, findings revealed role confusion for two nurse hierarchical levels. The study showed military nurses differed …

Effects Of Ethanol On Stimulus Properties Of D-Amphetamine, Michaela Arango

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The drug discrimination paradigm was used to investigate the effects of combinations of d-amphetamine sulfate (amph) and alcohol (etoh). Rats were trained to discriminate between the stimulus properties of 1.2 mg/kg amph and non-drug treatment in a two-lever food-motivated operant task. Once trained, rats were tested with .3 mg/kg amph, and showed an intermediate level of "amphetamine" responding. Combinations of this test dose with etoh 150 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg produced significantly increased amph-appropriate responding. This potentiation of the amph cue tended to be higher at etoh 150 mg/kg. The administration of etoh (150 or 300 mg/kg) alone did not …

Small Farmers' Cooperatives In Brazil, 1964-1984 Reasons For Success Or Failure, Henry H. Gerber

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

This study is concerned with cooperative business enterprises of small farmers. The topic has been chosen because peasants' association in supply and marketing cooperatives is considered an essential element in rural development. The author's field experience leads him to agree in principle with this assumption. But, as exemplified by Brazil, a variety of factors (ecological, sociohistorical, legal, economic and so forth) may hinder or help the inception and survival of cooperatives.

Thus, if a government aims at integrating the small producer into the national economy as supplier and consumer (as in Brazil), measures to implement t~is policy must not be …

Controlling The Big Stick: The United States Navy And The Cuban Intervention Of September 1906, Christopher A. Abel

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

A case study method is used to examine the role played by the United States Navy in bringing about the Second Cuban Intervention of 1906-1909. The 1906 American navy had a distinct lack of centralized direction during the September crisis in Cuba. As a consequence, initiative in the crisis passed to the several naval officers representing the United States in Cuba at the time. These officers acted in consonance with the navy's own institutional agendas and contrary to the objectives of the Theodore Roosevelt administration. In so doing these officers were supported and even rewarded for their actions by the …

Curtain Of Silence Japanese In Soviet Custody, 1945-1956, William F. Nimmo

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

The Soviet Union attacked- and defeated Japanese forces in Northeast Asia in the final days of the Second World War, and 2,100,000 Japanese soldiers and civilians suddenly fell into the hands of the Red Army. This thesis examines the experiences of Japanese in Soviet custody, efforts to obtain their release, and their eventual return to Japan. Repatriation of civilians from Soviet-controlled areas was slow, and military personnel were taken to the USSR for use as forced labor for several years. The Soviets conducted an intensive Marxist-Leninist indoctrination program for prisoners of war, and a professed acceptance of communism was a …

A Perception Based Integrative Theory Of Individual Behavior In Organizations, John Edward Mathieu

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to develop an integrative theoretical approach to the study of individuals' behavior in organizations, and to present an application of the approach to understanding the performance of Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) cadets. Individuals' perceptions of the environment were proposed to exist at three levels of analysis: (1) psychological climate (i.e., individual); (2) group climate; and organizational climate. Further, climate perceptions were proposed to result from the simultaneous influence of objective (i.e., actual) situational characteristics, and individuals' needs and characteristics. The underlying dimensions that linked climate perceptions operationalized at the three levels of analysis …

Laity Expectations Of Ministers In The Black Urban Church: A Study Of Political And Social Expectations In The Context Of Ministry To Community And World, James Henry Harris

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Management

The study examined the Black church laity's expectations of the urban minister regarding his involvement in specific social and political issues that confront inhabitants of urban areas. A survey was administered to individuals in Black churches of different protestant denominations in a Southeastern Virginia City in order to determine the degree of the laity's expectations. Specifically, the survey sought answers to the questions: Do Black church laity expect the minister to deal with socio-economic and political problems in urban areas? and, What particular urban problems do the laity expect the minister to offer leadership in facing or solving?

While this …

Economics Of The Pacific Whiting, Merluccius Productus, Fishery, Eric Anderson

Economics Faculty Publications

(First paragraph) Interest in the economics of Pacific whiting, Merluccius productus, production and consumption has been simulated in recent years by expanding U.S. participation in the fishery formerly dominated by foreign fishing and processing. This has raised several questions within the U.S. fishing industry: 1) Will it be profitable for additional U.S. fisherman and processors to enter the fishery? 2) What configuration will the U.S. Pacific whiting industry take? and 3) What will be the nature of markets for Pacific whiting products? This paper summarizes the conclusions of several reports and studies which bear on these questions.

The Uneasy Triangle The Impact Of China On U.S.-Soviet Relations In The 1970'S Salt: A Case Study, Karen Elizabeth Toenjes

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

No abstract.

Age Tracking Performance And The Measurement Of Workload By A Secondary Tasks, Manuel Francisco Diaz

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate age differences in tracking performance and in the amount of workload imposed by the tracking task. Twelve subjects between the ages of 18 and 22, and 12 subjects between the ages of 48 and 67 performed a serial, choice-reaction-time task alone and concurrently with a pursuit rotor tracking task. The choice reaction time task served as the secondary task and the pursuit rotor tracking task as the primary task. Primary task performance was measured by time on target and number of tracking errors, and the secondary task by choice reaction time and …

The Gift Of The Gods: The Impact Of The Korean War On Japan, John P. Bowen

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

The Korean War was a benchmark in the modern history of Japan. It became a catalyst for political action, and the fountainhead of the "economic miracle" that raised Japan once again to a prominent position among nations. The Korean War helped solve many political problems, including the tricky question of a peace treaty. It confirmed Japan's commitment to a no-war constitution. It also permitted the Japanese government to relax the restrictions imposed by occupation authorities. The war created a fortuitous economic stimulus that permitted Japan to emerge from the recessionary period that followed World War II and to establish the …

The Electrocortical Correlates Of Fluctuating States Of Attention During Vigilance Tasks, Stephen G. Cunningham

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

This study investigated the electrocortical correlates of attention. Sixteen subjects (seven females, nine males) engaged in a forty-minute target-detection vigilance task. In addition to the demands of the vigilance task, the subjects were asked to press a button during the vigilance task if they had experienced task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs) or daydreams. Continuous electroencephalograms (EEG) were recorded from the subjects during the entire task. During the vigilance task, task-irrelevant tones were presented every 2-4 seconds. Event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by these tones were generated.

The task was divided into four ten-minute periods. The analysis of the performance data indicated performance decrements …

The Effects Of Training And Rating Formats On The Accuracy Of Performance Ratings, Todd A. Silverhart

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The effects of frame of reference training and rating formats on the accuracy of performance ratings were examined utilizing direct measures of accuracy in addition to commonly used measures of rating biases. Participants were 111 undergraduate students who were randomly assigned to one of six treatment conditions formed by crossing two levels of training (training, no-training) with three rating formats (graphic rating scale, behaviorally anchored rating scale, mixed standard scale). Ratings were made of the videotaped performance of interviewers conducting selection interviews. These ratings ~ere compared with the mean ratings of "expert raters" to give measures of rating biases (leniency/severity, …

The Effect Of Anonymity, Expectation Of Validation, And Expected Reward, On The Accuracy Of Self-Evaluations Of Ability, Mark Stanley Teachout

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of anonymity, expectation of validation, and expected reward on the accuracy of self-evaluations of ability. One-hundred twenty undergraduate students were administered a reading test measuring reading abilities. The participants then made self-evaluations regarding their performance on the reading test. Participants received instructions designed to manipulate the expectation that their performance scores on the reading test would serve to validate their self-evaluations. Additional instructions manipulated the anonymity or identifiability of self-evaluations and the expected reward related to self-evaluations. Participants who expected their identifiable self-evaluations to be validated were accurate. In contrast, …

Factors Influencing College Choice Of Minority Students And Their Implications For Recruitment, Linda Blount Mccluney

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

This study was designed to determine factors of college choice and to evaluate their implications for the development of recruiting guidelines for minority students. The intent was to survey two hundred freshmen of two urban universities to determine which factors were influential in their college choice process and to design recruiting guidelines. The use of these guidelines may provide the impetus to direct more blacks to predominantly white urban universities and more whites to predominantly black universities.

The criterion group approach allowed for the two groups (black students attending a predominantly white university versus black students attending a predominantly black …

I.G. Farben's Petro-Chemical Plant And Concentration Camp At Auschwitz, Robert Simon Yavner

History Theses & Dissertations

This study examines the history of the petrochemical plant and concentration camp run by I.G. Farbenindustrie (the dominant German chemical company during World War II) at Auschwitz to decide upon the degree of Farben’s involvement with Hitler and the Holocaust. The study traces the construction of the plant to determine Farben's participation at Auschwitz. The main sources consulted were the transcripts of the postwar Farben trial at Nuremberg along with eyewitness accounts of members of the prosecution staff. Based on the court's verdict, one might conclude that I.G. Farben operated in a state of coercion during the war and could …

Tidewater Virginia: A Case Study In Health Planning, Maria Justice Moore Griffin

School of Public Service Theses & Dissertations

Leigh Memorial Hospital, a small private community care hospital merged with Norfolk General Hospital in 1972 to form an innovative health care corporation in Tidewater Virginia. By deciding to merge and alter its organizational identity, the Leigh Memorial Hospital leadership reversed a previous decision to relocate to the downtown Norfolk Medical Center complex, choosing instead to move to within a few yards of the neighboring city of Virginia Beach. Those two decisions and the story behind them are part of a complex, highly interdependent series of decisions which altered the health care delivery system in Tidewater Virginia.

This study is …

A Comparison And Integration Of Expectancy Theory And Task Dimensions With Rotc Cadets, Steven B. Woods

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Recent reviews of the empirical literature investigating expectancy theory and task design research suggest that little attempt has been made to conduct strong, inferential research in which various theories of this type are compared and/or integrated. The primary focus of the present study was to evaluate systematically and compare expectancy theory and a job characteristic approach. Analyses of 117 Army ROTC cadets offered support for the ability of both the VIE model and task dimensions to predict satisfaction and self-ratings of performance for cadets. Generally, however, the task dimensions and VIE cognitions were unsupportive for predictions of peer and instructor …

Task Performances As Functions Of Level Of Processing, Morningness-Eveningness, Time Of Day, And Gender, Georgia Kathryn Green

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

This study was undertaken to examine the relations between human circadian activity patterns and information processing. Eighty subjects selected on the basis of gender and circadian type performed a digit-sequence task and an analogies task in either a morning or an afternoon condition, having previously completed the Horne and Ostberg (1976) circadian type questionnaire and the Schmeck (1983) Inventory of Learning Processes. A significant Gender x Circadian Type x Time-of-Day Condition interaction was found for digit-sequence task performance, with female subjects' performances exhibiting morning condition superiority for morning types but evening condition superiority for evening types. Time and gender effects …

A Study Of Loneliness And Health Related Complaints In Residents Of High Rise Apartment Buildings For The Elderly, Susan H. Jones

Ellmer School of Nursing Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to explore feelings of loneliness among relocated elderly residents of age-segregated, high-rise apartment buildings and any relationship between these subjective feelings of loneliness and certain variables which were hypothesized as predictors of feelings of loneliness. The variables studied in relation to loneliness were cathectic investment, activity, and perceptions of health. A non-experimental survey design where data were collected by interviewing subjects was used. The sample consisted of 18 female residents of a high-rise apartment building for the elderly. Each was interviewed using the Loneliness Rating Scale developed by Dr. Gloria M. Francis and a …

The Impact Of Ceta Activities On Selected Hampton Roads Manpower Programs: Cost-Benefit Analysis And Utilization-Focused Evaluation, Raymond A. Gromelski

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

The study examined the effects of Classroom Training, On-the-Job Training, Work Experience, and JobShop programs of the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA) on the job opportunities, amount of government transfer payments, and criminal activities of the 1982 terminees. The purposes of the program were to determine (1) program cost-effectiveness; (2) which program components operate at higher levels of efficiency; and (3) which selected client characteristics influenced program results.

The evaluation described program success in terms of increased job opportunities and reductions in government transfer payments for CETA participants in the Hampton/Newport News area. Comparisons were made of the employment …

The Effects Of Person-Job Environment Congruency On Individual And Organizational Outcomes, Eileen J. Mcdonald

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to ascertain the effects of person-job environment congruency on outcomes important to individuals and organizations, so that new personnel decision making strategies can be developed. To accomplish these aims, the research had two objectives: (1) to develop an operational model of person-job environment congruency based on an integration of available research evidence and (2) to investigate the effectiveness of the concepts and methods proposed by the model on individual and organizational criteria of success.

Within a person-job environment congruency model framework, there are essentially two matching systems. In the first, the work experiences of …

Facilitating And Hindering Factors In Implementing Managerial Technology: A Socio-Technical System Process, Eduardo Alejandro Salas Garcia

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

In recent years scientists, researchers and practitioners have focused on the application and theory of managerial technologies in developing countries. Evidence suggests that the implementation of these technologies is widely sought in these countries, but that they suffer from several limitations. Among these are: (a) lack of environmental compatibility in the societies and cultures in which attempts are made to apply such organizational theories and practices; (b) differences between economic systems of developing nations and industrialized nations (c) differences in political history, values and practices and (d) differences in organizational functioning and behavior as a result of these three conditions. …

Conditioned Motor Activity And Place-Preference Responses As A Function Of D-Amphetamine Dose Level, Dwight D. Hart

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Spontaneous motor activity (SMA) responses to stimuli predicting d-amphetamine injection were investigated in a Pavlovian conditioning paradigm. Three groups (saline, 1.0mg/kg and 4.0mg/kg doses) of rats underwent a 12-day period during which Injection-Conditioning and Non-Injection Conditioning treatments were alternated. This sequence was then followed by two Test/Extinction Days on which all three groups received saline injections. Subjects in the 4.0mg/kg, but not the 1.0mg/kg group were more active during the 30 minute pre-injection period on the second Conditioning Day than were Saline Group subjects. Test Day post-injection SMA levels of the two Drugged Groups were not significantly different, but the …

Princess Anne County: A Study In Material Wealth, Todd Grant Duncan

History Theses & Dissertations

This is a study of material culture in Princess Anne County, Virginia, from 1691 to 1823, based on court records. These documents allow the historian to determine the economic worth of a group of individuals, analyze the types of people comprising this group, categorize the types and quantities of possessions owned, and differentiate between economic groups according to possessions and currency listed. Trends of ownership for the whole period, the determination of individual occupations, and the occupational content of the people of the county at large are also discussed. Other areas focused on included the level of literacy, the role …

Effects Of Encoding Variety And Concurrent-Task Practice On The Transfer And Retention Of Complex Skill, Peter S. Winne

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The present study investigated the effects of dual-task practice and the variety of problems solved during practice on (a) the acquisition of procedural and declarative skills and the development of concurrent-task skills, and (b) the utilization and maintenance of two types of strategies. Strategies were defined as the use of different mixes of skills pertaining to procedures and specific declarative solutions. Two tasks--mental arithmetic and trigrams--were used to examine problem-solving skills and strategies both immediately following practice and again under delayed conditions. Eighty subjects were randomly assigned to one of four practice conditions by factorially combining practice mode (single- or …

The Effects Of Goal And Feedback Specificity Of Task Performance, Emily Johnson Hawes

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

A three (goal type and level) by three (type and level of knowledge of results) factorial design was implemented with nine subjects per cell. Goal factor levels were: Numeric goal, percentage increase goal, and do best goal. Knowledge of results (KR) factor levels were: Numeric KR, percentage increase/decrease KR and no KR. KR manipulations affected perceived knowledge of performance standing„ but there were no significant effects on performance. Goal effects on performance were significant (p

Employee Perceptions Of Performance Appraisal Systems: Causal Determinants Of Fairness, Accuracy, And Acceptability, Michael Dale Secunda

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to develop an initial model of employee perceptions of performance appraisal systems which would integrate available literature and provide a point of departure for future research endeavors. To accomplish these goals, this study had three objectives: (1) integrate the large body of literature to develop constructs that adequately describe employee perceptions of appraisal processes and systems, (2) integrate these constructs into a causal model that is consistent with current literature, and (3) test the model using linear structural modeling.

Seven constructs hypothesized as representing various aspects of employee perceptions were conceptualized and operationalized, and …

Oculometric Indices Of Simulator And Aircraft Motion, James Raymond Comstock Jr.

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

In a series of three experiments on the effects on eye-scan behavior of both simulator and aircraft motion, the sensitivity of an oculometric measure to motion effects was demonstrated. "Fixation Time", defined as the time the eyes spend at a particular location before moving on (saccade) to another fixation point, was found to be sensitive to motion effects in each of the experiments conducted. The first experiment studied differences between simulator motion and no-motion conditions during a series of simulated Instrument Landing System (ILS) approaches. The mean fixation time for the no-motion condition was found to be significantly longer than …

In Favor Of Capital Punishment: A Blending Of Philosophical Perspectives, James Charles Donnelly

Institute for the Humanities Theses

There has been little intellectual support for the average American's view of the proper relationship between L' crime and punishment. This text is an effort to philosophically define and defend this view. Chapters one and two deal with teleological theories and justification for systems and rules of practices. I first discuss the historical relationship of man to the state, showing the necessity of and providing a basis for civil authority and law and showing both to be based on social utility. This accomplished, a teleological justification of a system of punishment is presented. Chapter three discusses retribution as the deontological …