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Articles 5731 - 5760 of 8231

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Foreign Language Houses: Identities In Transition, Jennifer Brown, Dan Dewey, Rob A. Martinsen, Wendy Baker Jan 2011

Foreign Language Houses: Identities In Transition, Jennifer Brown, Dan Dewey, Rob A. Martinsen, Wendy Baker

Faculty Publications

This study examined the lived experience of students participating in foreign language houses to improve their skills in Russian, French, or Japanese. American students residing in apartments with other language learners and a nativespeaking resident facilitator were required to speak with one another exclusively in the target language and participate in activities such as preparing and eating dinner together. Data sources for the study included interviews, observations, and video recordings. The data, which were analyzed qualitatively, revealed that the central experience of living in the foreign language house was the creation of a livable community and that use of the …

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The Gradient Nature Of S-Lenition In Caleño Spanish, Earl K. Brown, Richard J. File-Muriel Jan 2011

The Gradient Nature Of S-Lenition In Caleño Spanish, Earl K. Brown, Richard J. File-Muriel

Faculty Publications

Whereas previous studies of Spanish s-weakening have relied on impressionistic coding, the present study examines temporal and gradient acoustic details in the production of /s/ by eight females from Cali, Colombia, during sociolinguistic interviews. We propose a metric for quantifying s-realization by employing three scalar-dependent variables: s-duration, centroid, and voicelessness. The results of linear regressions indicate that the dependent variables are significantly conditioned by local speaking rate, word position, following and preceding phonological context, stress, and lexical frequency. This study sheds light on how each independent variable influences s-realization acoustically. For example, as local speaking rate increases, duration, centroid, and …

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Annotating And Exploring Lushootseed Morphosyntax, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Hitokazu Matsushita Jan 2011

Annotating And Exploring Lushootseed Morphosyntax, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Hitokazu Matsushita

Faculty Publications

In this paper we provide information on an initial prototype investigation, on a modest scale, into the morphosyntactic structure of Lushootseed, a Salish language. We begin by describing language resources and tools that were instrumental for the process: an XML-encoded dictionary, a morphological parser, and a syntactic parser. We then illustrate how the output can be stored in a relational database and queried to extract relationships and statistics about them. We also sketch ongoing work to integrate these tools and render them more accessible to users with modest technical skills.

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Principled Pragmatism: A Guide To The Adaptation Of Ideas From Philosophical Disciplines To Conceptual Modeling, Deryle W. Lonsdale, David W. Embley, Stephen W. Liddle Jan 2011

Principled Pragmatism: A Guide To The Adaptation Of Ideas From Philosophical Disciplines To Conceptual Modeling, Deryle W. Lonsdale, David W. Embley, Stephen W. Liddle

Faculty Publications

The synergism among the traditional disciplines of ontology, epistemology, logic, and linguistics and their potential for enhancing conceptual-modeling applications is not fully understood. Better understanding how to adapt ideas from these disciplines should lead to improved serviceability of conceptual modeling. We argue in this position paper, however, that application objectives, rather than philosophical tenets, should guide the adaptation of ideas from these disciplines. Thus, an appropriate balance of discipline-based theory and pragmatism should temper adaptations. We evaluate the principled pragmatism we advocate by presenting several case-study examples. Each illustrates that an appropriate adaptation of ideas from the disciplines of ontology, …

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You Can Lead Them To Water, But You Can’T Make Them Drink: Using Crowd Sourcing To Lead Library Patrons To Extended Library Services Relevant To Their Search Criteria, William B. Lund, Chad Hansen Jan 2011

You Can Lead Them To Water, But You Can’T Make Them Drink: Using Crowd Sourcing To Lead Library Patrons To Extended Library Services Relevant To Their Search Criteria, William B. Lund, Chad Hansen

Faculty Publications

The Lee Library at Brigham Young University has extensive resources in the forms of highly skilled subject librarians, print resources and digital collections, but getting the students to be aware of and use them effectively is a problem. To help inform library patrons of these resources librarian subject specialists have created over 150 subject guides using LibGuides for subject areas, classes, and some subspecialties, which was an enormous task; but are these resources being used effectively? This paper explores and reports on a subject guide recommender system, which recommends relevant subject guides based on patron searches, using a crowd sourced …

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Elicited Imitation For Prediction Of Opi Test Scores, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Kevin Michael Brooks Cook, Jeremiah Lane Mcghee Jan 2011

Elicited Imitation For Prediction Of Opi Test Scores, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Kevin Michael Brooks Cook, Jeremiah Lane Mcghee

Faculty Publications

Automated testing of spoken language is the subject of much current research. Elicited Imitation (EI), or sentence repetition, is well suited for automated scoring, but does not directly test a broad range of speech communication skills. An Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) tests a broad range of skills, but is not as well suited for automated scoring. Some have suggested that EI can be used as a predictor of more general speech communication abilities. We examine EI for this purpose. A fully automated EI test is used to predict OPI scores. Experiments show strong correlation between predicted and actual OPI scores. …

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Automating The Scoring Of Elicited Imitation Tests, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Carl Chritensen Jan 2011

Automating The Scoring Of Elicited Imitation Tests, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Carl Chritensen

Faculty Publications

This paper explores the role of machine learning in automating the scoring for one kind of spoken language test: elicited imitation (EI). After sketching the background and rationale for EI testing, we give a brief overview of EI test results that we have collected. To date, the administration and scoring of these tests have been done sequentially and the scoring latency has not been critically important; our goal now is to automate the test. We show how this implies the need for an adaptive capability at run time, and motivate the need for machine learning in the creation of this …

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The Entrepreneur's Reference Guide To Small Business Information, Leticia Camacho Jan 2011

The Entrepreneur's Reference Guide To Small Business Information, Leticia Camacho

Faculty Publications

Compiled by Robert M. Jackson, business reference specialist at the Library of Congress, this guide includes several areas of entrepreneurship: "Getting Started," "Raising Capital," "Managing Your Business," "Human Resources," "Markering: Research, Srraregy, and Advertising," "Doing Business with Government," and "International Opportunities." The author includes valuable information about the research process and how to gather data and keep current.

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Entrepreneurship.Gov, Leticia Camacho Jan 2011

Entrepreneurship.Gov, Leticia Camacho

Faculty Publications

Below these tabs, the page is divided into three columns. The right column includes Events and Entrepreneurship Law. The left column, titled Quick Access, contains links to resources on subjects such as finance, accounting, employment, sales, marketing, products and services, and operations. This column includes a section called The Entrepreneur, where experienced business owners share tips, tactics, and stories about entrepreneurship.

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Transitioning To E-Books: Usage And Attitudes Among Business Faculty, Leticia Camacho, Andy Spackman Jan 2011

Transitioning To E-Books: Usage And Attitudes Among Business Faculty, Leticia Camacho, Andy Spackman

Faculty Publications

The authors discuss declining usage of print collections in business disciplines and describe a survey of business faculty conducted in fall 2009. Results indicate a preference for print books but a willingness to substitute e-books. Using these results, this article outlines reasons for faculty preferences and implications for future collection development.

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Word Frequency And Processing: Why The Brain Stores Some Words Whole And Others In Parts, Jeffrey R. Parker Jan 2011

Word Frequency And Processing: Why The Brain Stores Some Words Whole And Others In Parts, Jeffrey R. Parker

Faculty Publications

Discussion about the structure of the lexicon has primarily focused on morphologically complex words. Theories about the lexicon assume that certain items are stored, such as morphologically simple words, e.g. hero and govern, and derivational suffixes, e.g. -ism and - ment. Given these assumptions, the majority of arguments discuss the status of morphologically complex words, e.g. heroism and government. Theories posit different levels of parsing and storage. The extent to which theories accept parsing as a active process during lexical access ranges from classical approaches which assume all morphologically complex words are parsed, to theories which suggest all …

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Paradigmatic Peer-Pressure: Word-Medial, Syllable-Initial /S/ Lenition In Dominican Spanish, Earl K. Brown Jan 2011

Paradigmatic Peer-Pressure: Word-Medial, Syllable-Initial /S/ Lenition In Dominican Spanish, Earl K. Brown

Faculty Publications

Usage-based phonology (Bybee 2001, 2006, 2010), which is based on exemplar theory (Pierrehumbert 2001, 2003), proposes a memory capacity so expansive that, in theory, all tokens experienced in life could be mapped onto their respective exemplar clouds. However, if a token is similar enough to an existing one, it is simply mapped directly onto that existing token, reinforcing it in memory. This model proposes a very limited need for generative rules to produce the surface form, as the surface forms themselves are stored whole in memory and therefore can be directly accessed during production. It follows that derived words need …

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Mendeley: Creating Communities Of Scholarly Inquiry Through Research Collaboration, Holt Zaugg, Isaku Tateishi, Daniel L. Randall, Richard E. West Jan 2011

Mendeley: Creating Communities Of Scholarly Inquiry Through Research Collaboration, Holt Zaugg, Isaku Tateishi, Daniel L. Randall, Richard E. West

Faculty Publications

Mendeley is a free, web-based tool for organizing research citations and annotating their accompanying PDF articles. Adapting Web 2.0 principles for academic scholarship, Mendeley integrates the management of the research articles with features for collaborating with researchers locally and worldwide. In this article the features of Mendeley are discussed and critiqued in comparison to other, similar tools. These features include citation management, online synchronization and collaboration, PDF management and annotation, and integration with word processing software. The article concludes with a discussion of how a social networking tool such as Mendeley might impact the academic scholarship process.

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The Dakota Father Friendly Assessment: Measuring Father Friendliness In Head Start And Similar Settings, Joseph M. White, Sean E. Brotherson, Adam M. Galovan, Erin K. Holmes, Jennifer A. Kampmann Jan 2011

The Dakota Father Friendly Assessment: Measuring Father Friendliness In Head Start And Similar Settings, Joseph M. White, Sean E. Brotherson, Adam M. Galovan, Erin K. Holmes, Jennifer A. Kampmann

Faculty Publications

Head Start programs offer a setting to examine support that facilitates father involvement. The Dakota Father Friendly Assessment (DFFA) is designed to evaluate an organization's level of father-friendliness. To establish its psychometric properties, a sample of North and South Dakota early childhood staff (N = 609) completed the DFFA. A number of measure were included as indicators of validity. Factor analysis of the DFFA confirmed the presence of four expected factors and revealed a fifth factor (loadings ranged from .40 to .80). Coefficient alphas for DFFA sub scales ranged from .71 to .87. Moderate relationships existed between DFFA sub …

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Lsu Agcenter: Extension-Based Parenting Program Successful, Diane D. Sasser, Linda C. Robinson, Loren D. Marks Jan 2011

Lsu Agcenter: Extension-Based Parenting Program Successful, Diane D. Sasser, Linda C. Robinson, Loren D. Marks

Faculty Publications

Louisiana State University AgCenter, in partnership with Louisiana Department of Social Services, launched the Parents Preparing for Success Program (PPSP) - a multifaceted parenting education program targeting low-income, expectant, or new mothers on December 4, 2003. Instructors have referred clients to additional outside agencies, including continuing education programs, mental health and counseling services, employment agencies, and income tax preparation assistance through the Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA).

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Social Support And The Reactivity Hypothesis: Conceptual Issues In Examining The Efficacy Of Received Support During Acute Psychological Stress, Wendy C. Birmingham, Bert N. Uchino, Mckenzie Carlisle, Allison A. Vaughn Jan 2011

Social Support And The Reactivity Hypothesis: Conceptual Issues In Examining The Efficacy Of Received Support During Acute Psychological Stress, Wendy C. Birmingham, Bert N. Uchino, Mckenzie Carlisle, Allison A. Vaughn

Faculty Publications

Social support has been reliably related to better physical health outcomes. One influential model suggests that social support is related to lower cardiovascular disease mortality because it reduces the potentially deleterious consequences of cardiovascular reactivity during acute stress. However, received support and perceived support are separable constructs and epidemiological research suggests variability in links between received support and health. This is important because most social support and acute laboratory stress studies are essentially based on the receipt of support. In this paper, we focus on the conceptualization of received support and its implications for understanding links to support laboratory reactivity …

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The Influence Of Depressive Symptomatology And Perceived Stress On Plasma And Salivary Oxytocin Before, During And After A Support Enhancement Intervention, Wendy C. Birmingham, Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Kathleen C. Light Jan 2011

The Influence Of Depressive Symptomatology And Perceived Stress On Plasma And Salivary Oxytocin Before, During And After A Support Enhancement Intervention, Wendy C. Birmingham, Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Kathleen C. Light

Faculty Publications

Oxytocin (OT) activity increases in response to stress as well as to warm social contact. Subclinical depression is associated with higher stress but less reward from social contacts. The present investigation was intended to examine whether husbands and wives with high depressive symptomatology scores have increased plasma and salivary OT that may be mediated partly by higher perceived stress, and also to assess whether an intervention to convey partner support through ‘‘warm touch’’ may reduce effects of depressive symptoms on OT. In this study, 34 healthy married couples (n = 68) ages 20—39 provided self reports of depressive symptoms (CESD) …

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Intraclass Correlation Associated With Therapists: Estimates And Applications In Planning Psychotherapy Research, Scott A. Baldwin, David M. Murray, William R. Shadish, Sherri L. Pals, Jason M. Holland, Jonathan S. Abramowitz, Gerhard Andersson, David C. Atkins, Per Carlbring, Kathleen M. Carroll, Andrew Christensen, Kari M. Eddington, Anke Elhers, Daniel J. Feaster, Ger P. J. Keijsers, Ellen Koch, Willem Kuyken, Alfred Lange, Tania Lincoln, Robert S. Stephens, Steven Taylor, Chris Trepka, Jeanne Watson Jan 2011

Intraclass Correlation Associated With Therapists: Estimates And Applications In Planning Psychotherapy Research, Scott A. Baldwin, David M. Murray, William R. Shadish, Sherri L. Pals, Jason M. Holland, Jonathan S. Abramowitz, Gerhard Andersson, David C. Atkins, Per Carlbring, Kathleen M. Carroll, Andrew Christensen, Kari M. Eddington, Anke Elhers, Daniel J. Feaster, Ger P. J. Keijsers, Ellen Koch, Willem Kuyken, Alfred Lange, Tania Lincoln, Robert S. Stephens, Steven Taylor, Chris Trepka, Jeanne Watson

Faculty Publications

It is essential that outcome research permit clear conclusions to be drawn about the efficacy of interventions. The common practice of nesting therapists within conditions can pose important methodological challenges that affect interpretation, particularly if the study is not powered to account for the nested design. An obstacle to the optimal design of these studies is lack of data about the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), which measures the statistical dependencies introduced by nesting. To begin the development of a public database of ICC estimates, the authors report ICCs for a variety outcomes reported in 20 psychotherapy outcome studies. The magnitude …

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A Primer On Meta-Analysis In Clinical Psychology, Scott A. Baldwin, William R. Shadish Jan 2011

A Primer On Meta-Analysis In Clinical Psychology, Scott A. Baldwin, William R. Shadish

Faculty Publications

The authors provide a primer on meta-analysis. Topics are covered at an introductory level and references are provided for readers wanting further information. Topics covered include literature search procedures, coding manuals and extracting information from studies, calculating effect sizes, combining effect sizes, fixed and random effects analysis, influence analysis, moderator analysis, multivariate meta-analysis, and publication bias. All analyses are illustrated using k= 18 behavioral marital therapy versus control studies. The authors conclude by considering criticisms of meta-analysis, introducing reporting standards in meta-analysis, and reviewing software options for meta-analysis. An appendix for the paper includes the data and annotated Stata code …

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Ethnic Identity And Personal Well-Being Of People Of Color: A Meta-Analysis, Timothy B. Smith, Lynda Silva Jan 2011

Ethnic Identity And Personal Well-Being Of People Of Color: A Meta-Analysis, Timothy B. Smith, Lynda Silva

Faculty Publications

This meta-analysis summarized research examining the relationship between the constructs of ethnic identity and personal well-being among people of color in North America. Data from 184 studies analyzed using random effects models yielded an omnibus effect size of r = .17, suggesting a modest relationship between the two constructs. The relationship was somewhat stronger among adolescents and young adults than among adults over age 40. No differences were observed across participant race, gender, or socioeconomic status, which findings support the general relevance of ethnic identity across people of color. Studies correlating ethnic identity with self-esteem and positive well-being yielded average …

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The View From City Hall: Local Perceptions Of Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations In The Czech Republic, Scott M. Smith, Phillip J. Bryson, Gary C. Cornia Jan 2011

The View From City Hall: Local Perceptions Of Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations In The Czech Republic, Scott M. Smith, Phillip J. Bryson, Gary C. Cornia

Faculty Publications

This article analyzes perceptions of inter-governmental fiscal relations as held by local officials of the Czech Republic. The field study probes local perceptions of progress toward fiscal decentralization in the Czech Republic. A statistical analysis is based on a scaling of cities according to size and according to a generalized, multi-part measure of fiscal autonomy. This measure is effective in discriminating high and low autonomy cities by size, types of expenditures, and funding sources. Cities of diverse sizes are divided into groups reflecting perceptions of greater or lesser autonomy. The implications of the findings are discussed.

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Religiosity, Self-Control, And Antisocial Behavior: Religiosity As A Promotive And Protective Factor, Robert D. Laird, Loren D. Marks, Matthew D. Marrero Jan 2011

Religiosity, Self-Control, And Antisocial Behavior: Religiosity As A Promotive And Protective Factor, Robert D. Laird, Loren D. Marks, Matthew D. Marrero

Faculty Publications

Three hypotheses with the potential to provide information on the role of religiosity as a promotive and protective factor in early adolescence were tested. Adolescents (N = 166, M age = 13 years, 49% female, 49% European American, 45% African American) and mothers reported their own personal importance of religion and the frequency of their attendance of religious services. Greater mother importance and attendance was associated with greater adolescent importance and attendance. Mother importance was indirectly linked to adolescent antisocial behavior through adolescent importance. Less adolescent importance and attendance were associated with low self-control and low self-control was associated …

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Evaluating Models For Partially Clustered Designs, Scott A. Baldwin, Daniel J. Bauer, Eric Stice, Paul Rohde Jan 2011

Evaluating Models For Partially Clustered Designs, Scott A. Baldwin, Daniel J. Bauer, Eric Stice, Paul Rohde

Faculty Publications

Partially clustered designs, where clustering occurs in some conditions and not others, are common in psychology, particularly in prevention and intervention trials. This paper reports results from a simulation comparing five approaches for analyzing partially clustered data, including Type I errors, parameter bias, efficiency, and power. Results indicate that multilevel models adapted for partially clustered data are relatively unbiased and efficient and consistently maintain the nominal Type I error rate when using appropriate degrees of freedom. To attain sufficient power in partially clustered designs, researchers should attend primarily to the number of clusters in the study. An illustration is provided …

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The Life-Giving Stone: Ethnoarchaeology Of Maya Metates, Michael T. Searcy Jan 2011

The Life-Giving Stone: Ethnoarchaeology Of Maya Metates, Michael T. Searcy

Faculty Publications

Descendants of the ancient civilizations of southern Mexico and Central America are one of the greatest sources of information of Maya life. today the modern Maya live and work in the rural villages and towns spread out over this vast region. Many Maya communities continue to thrive culturally, while others, due to colonialism and civil war, have lost many of their traditions and customs. But even those groups ravaged by the strains of globalization ad the industrial revolution have retained some thread of cultural patrimony that ties them to their prehistoric ancestors. This is manifest in many different forms of …

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Decorative Renascence: Tracing Early Ceramic Designs Into The Late Prehistoric Period In The U.S. Southwest/Northwest Mexico, Michael T. Searcy Jan 2011

Decorative Renascence: Tracing Early Ceramic Designs Into The Late Prehistoric Period In The U.S. Southwest/Northwest Mexico, Michael T. Searcy

Faculty Publications

Cordell (1997) has characterized the late prehistoric period (A.D 1200-1450) in the U.S. Southwest/Northwest Mexico as one of crystallization when ―many specific forms, designs, symbols, or motifs can be traced to much earlier periods‖ but, "they came together in new ways". This paper traces the emergence of designs and motifs among earlier ceramic traditions, such as Mimbres and Ancestral Puebloan, and their later appearance on Salado and Casas Grandes pottery. I use design analysis to explore the spread of styles and symbols throughout time and space and show how these methods contribute to interpretations of interregional interaction and cultural continuity.

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Appendix B Jan 2011

Appendix B

The Bridge

No abstract provided.

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Appendix H Jan 2011

Appendix H

The Bridge

No abstract provided.

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Religion And Integration Among The Danish Immigrants In The Us 1848-1914, Marianne Sletten Paasch Jan 2011

Religion And Integration Among The Danish Immigrants In The Us 1848-1914, Marianne Sletten Paasch

The Bridge

One of the most controversial social issues in the western hemisphere today is the integration of immigrants into a host society. The problems appear to be many and the solutions few. In Denmark we have had a long and at times heated debate about immigrants, their integration into Danish society and their religious practices - including how religion can influence the integration process of immigrants. During the last 10 years this "problem" has made headlines over and over again and has often greatly influenced the decision making process of our parliament. But we are not alone. The "integration problem" exists …

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Progressive Trends And Impact Of The Journal Of Career Development: A Citation Analysis, Kawika Allen, Adipat Chaichanasakul, Yuhong He, Hsui-Hui Chen, Taleb S. Khairallah, Karina Ramos Jan 2011

Progressive Trends And Impact Of The Journal Of Career Development: A Citation Analysis, Kawika Allen, Adipat Chaichanasakul, Yuhong He, Hsui-Hui Chen, Taleb S. Khairallah, Karina Ramos

Faculty Publications

As one of the four premier journals in vocational psychology, the Journal of Career Development (JCD) has published over 830 articles over the past three decades. This study examined the performance of JCD through a citation analysis and provided evaluative data for scholars publishing in the field of vocation psychology. Articles published by JCD between 1986 and 2007 were analyzed. Additional data pertaining JCD’s performance were also collected through the Journal Citation Reports. The analyses revealed a strong and growing impact of articles published by JCD on researchers and professionals. Specifically, results provided (a) the frequency and trends of JCD’s …

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Front Cover Jan 2011

Front Cover

The Bridge

No abstract provided.

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