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Articles 1 - 30 of 207
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Anthropomorphism In Aesop's Fables, Nasih Alam
Anthropomorphism In Aesop's Fables, Nasih Alam
Criterion: A Journal of Literary Criticism
Generally, Aesop’s The Complete Fables is considered didactic for children. In my paper, I discuss how Aesop represents nonhumans in his fables and how they could negatively affect the psychology of children aged 7-12 if we as parents, teachers and legal guardians do not become conscious of its problematic didactic function. I show that most of the anthropomorphized animals in The Complete Fables have anthropocentric and provide environmentally harmful rhetorics. In order to keep the required length of paper in mind, I have limited myself to five tales from Aesop’s The Complete Fables, to show how and where the rhetoric …
Ecological-Niche Modeling Reveals Current Opportunities For Agave Dryland Farming In Sonora, Mexico And Arizona, Usa, Hector G. Ortiz-Cano, Robert Hadfield, Teresa Gomez, Kevin Hultine, Ricardo Mata-Gonzalez, Steven L. Petersen, Neil C. Hansen, Michael T. Searcy, Jason Stetler, Teodoro Cervantes-Mendivil, David Burchfield, Pilman Park, J. Ryan Stewart
Ecological-Niche Modeling Reveals Current Opportunities For Agave Dryland Farming In Sonora, Mexico And Arizona, Usa, Hector G. Ortiz-Cano, Robert Hadfield, Teresa Gomez, Kevin Hultine, Ricardo Mata-Gonzalez, Steven L. Petersen, Neil C. Hansen, Michael T. Searcy, Jason Stetler, Teodoro Cervantes-Mendivil, David Burchfield, Pilman Park, J. Ryan Stewart
Faculty Publications
For centuries, humans occupying arid regions of North America have maintained an intricate relationship with Agave (Agavoideae, Asparagaceae). Today Agave cultivation, primarily for beverage production, provides an economic engine for rural communities throughout Mexico. Among known dryland-farming methods, the use of rock piles and cattle-grazed areas stand out as promising approaches for Agave cultivation. Identifying new cultivation areas to apply these approaches in Arizona, USA and Sonora, Mexico warrants a geographic assessment of areas outside the known ranges of rock piles and grasslands. The objective of this study was to predict areas for dryland-farming of Agave and develop models to …
Genomic Data From Paquimé: Understanding The Cultural And Genetic Ties Of The Site, Meradeth Snow, Michael Seary, Jakob Sedig, Jose Luis Punzo-Diaz
Genomic Data From Paquimé: Understanding The Cultural And Genetic Ties Of The Site, Meradeth Snow, Michael Seary, Jakob Sedig, Jose Luis Punzo-Diaz
Faculty Publications
Paquimé, located in the Casas Grandes region of Northern Mexico, presents a rich cultural tradition with ties to populations to the South and North. Ancient mitochondrial DNA from Paquime’s occupants has not provided evidence of large-scale in-migration that led to the fluorescence of the site, as some scholars have hypothesized. This paper focuses on nuclear genomes that have been sequenced for 20+ Paquimé individuals, further demonstrating the complexity of the region and of the city. The emerging data (collected with approval from the Mexican Consejo de Arqueología) presents a clearer view both of the population’s genetic relationships with those to …
Nabataeans, Dogs And Tuna: Chamber Tomb Faunal Remains And Their Association With Rome And Egypt, Samantha Bostwick
Nabataeans, Dogs And Tuna: Chamber Tomb Faunal Remains And Their Association With Rome And Egypt, Samantha Bostwick
Studia Antiqua
No abstract provided.
"More Than Conquerors" The Evangelical Kingdom Model At Work In One Of America's Protestant Megachurches, Kaylin Hill
"More Than Conquerors" The Evangelical Kingdom Model At Work In One Of America's Protestant Megachurches, Kaylin Hill
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted at 12Stone Church in Atlanta, Georgia, this report explores the strategies that 12Stone (like other evangelical megachurches) implements in order to grow and strengthen a church membership that consists of tens of thousands of members. The most prevalent of these strategies is the demographic-based rhetoric that 12Stone uses to draw in its main demographic, which is politically right-wing, white, Christian men. The rhetoric utilizes a doctrinal model that I refer to as the Evangelical Kingdom Model to impress upon members the evangelical mission and culture, the experience of which revolves around the local church level. …
Book Review Of Early Farming And Warfare In Northwest Mexico (Robert Jarratt Hard And John R. Roney), Michael T. Searcy
Book Review Of Early Farming And Warfare In Northwest Mexico (Robert Jarratt Hard And John R. Roney), Michael T. Searcy
Faculty Publications
Like many archaeologists working in northern Mexico and the US Southwest, I have eagerly anticipated this volume and its reporting of the Early Agricultural (Middle-Late Archaic) occupation in northwestern Chihuahua. Primarily, it documents the research conducted by the coauthors over several years at sites known as cerros de trincheras, or terraced hills. These were massive construction projects resulting in habitational terraces built by early maize farmers who began to settle in the Casas Grandes River Valley and surrounding areas more than 3,000 years ago.
A Reanalysis Of Population Dynamics In The Casas Grandes Region Of Northern Mexico Using Mitochondrial Dna, Meradeth Snow, Michael T. Searcy
A Reanalysis Of Population Dynamics In The Casas Grandes Region Of Northern Mexico Using Mitochondrial Dna, Meradeth Snow, Michael T. Searcy
Faculty Publications
The Casas Grades region in northwest Chihuahua, Mexico, is ideally situated to explore the notion of contact between the Southwest/Northwest and Mesoamerica, as it lies geographically in the borderlands where traditions of both culture areas were practiced. In order to explain these ties, past researchers have suggested the flourishing Casas Grandes population in the thirteenth century AD was caused by migrants from Mesoamerica, as first suggested by Di Peso in his pochteca hypothesis. Others, such as Lekson and his Chaco Meridian hypothesis, suggest migration from the north. Mitochondrial genetic data from earlier and later time periods provides the ability to …
Final Thoughts And Observations, James R. Allison, Heidi Roberts, Jerry D. Spangler
Final Thoughts And Observations, James R. Allison, Heidi Roberts, Jerry D. Spangler
Faculty Publications
This chapter addresses three topics inspired by the discoveries made during Jackson Flat’s archaeological investigations. The first topic examines the implications of the discovery of early maize agriculture in the Far Western region. Our data suggest that the Far Western Basketmaker tradition developed on a trajectory separate from the Western Basketmaker groups associated with the White Dog Phase in the Four Corners region.
Sr. Ciencia And El Mago: A Legacy Of Archaeological Discovery And Lifelong Learning, Michael T. Searcy
Sr. Ciencia And El Mago: A Legacy Of Archaeological Discovery And Lifelong Learning, Michael T. Searcy
Faculty Publications
As partners in the pursuit of archaeological discovery, Paul Minnis and Michael Whalen developed an enduring professional relationship that resulted in productive careers marked by multiple field projects and numerous scholarly publications. While engaged in academic archaeology, they also fostered a new generation of archaeologists along the way. An integral part of their pedagogy was carried out in the field where students worked alongside Mike and Paul, learning not only how to carry out an archaeological project from beginning to end, but also how to collaborate in a field of study that has become increasingly interdisciplinary. This paper presents my …
Macroarchaeology, Epistomology, And The Quality Of The Archaeological Record, James R. Allison
Macroarchaeology, Epistomology, And The Quality Of The Archaeological Record, James R. Allison
Faculty Publications
Perrault (2019) combines a critique of current archaeological practice with a call to re-center research on questions of culture history as well as “macroarchaeology”, or the search for large-scale patterns of human behavior and cultural development. His arguments for what archaeologists should do (and stop doing) are driven by the way the quality of the archaeological record underdetermines the answers to questions that archaeologists often seek to answer. There is much to like in Perrault’s arguments, but there also are some problematic aspects. I agree that something like Perrault’s macroarchaeology should receive greater focus within the discipline, and that archaeologists …
Megaliths And Monumental Architecture At Coal Bed Village, An Ancestral Pueblo Site In Southeastern Utah, James R. Allison, Fumi Arakawa, Marion Forest, Katie K. Richards, David T. Yoder
Megaliths And Monumental Architecture At Coal Bed Village, An Ancestral Pueblo Site In Southeastern Utah, James R. Allison, Fumi Arakawa, Marion Forest, Katie K. Richards, David T. Yoder
Faculty Publications
Worldwide, megaliths are a common form of monumental architecture in Neolithic and later societies. Archaeologists in western Europe, and other parts of the world where megalithic monuments occur, have often discussed the meanings of megalithic features as well as their associations with ritual, territoriality, and social organization. In the Pueblo Southwest, most monumental architecture takes the form of large, unusually tall buildings (“great houses”), oversized ritual architecture (“great kivas”), or landscape features (roads and berms), all of which are most commonly associated with the Chaco system. Ancestral Pueblo people also occasionally built with ostentatiously large rocks, but megalithic features and …
Hinterlands To Cities: The Archaeology Of Northwest Mexico And Its Vecinos, Matthew C. Pailes, Michael T. Searcy
Hinterlands To Cities: The Archaeology Of Northwest Mexico And Its Vecinos, Matthew C. Pailes, Michael T. Searcy
Faculty Publications
Tis approachable book is a comprehensive synthesis of Northwest Mexico from the US border to the Mesoamerican frontier. Filling a vital gap in the regional literature, it serves as an essential reference not only for those interested in the specific history of this area of Mexico but western North America writ large. A period-by-period review of approximately14,000 years reveals the dynamic connections that knitted together societies inhabiting the Sea of Cortez coast, the Sonoran and Chihuahuan deserts, and the Sierra Madre Occidental. Networks of interaction spanned these diverse ecological, topographical, and cultural terrains in the millennia following the demise of …
Fremont Smoke Mixtures: Botanical Analyses Of Pipes From Wolf Village, Goshen, Utah, Michael T. Searcy, Hannah Stefffensen, Scott Ure
Fremont Smoke Mixtures: Botanical Analyses Of Pipes From Wolf Village, Goshen, Utah, Michael T. Searcy, Hannah Stefffensen, Scott Ure
Faculty Publications
Over several field seasons, ceramic and stone pipes were recovered from the Fremont site of Wolf Village (AD 1000-1100). Nine of the more complete pipes included residue and burned dottle that were analyzed for macrobotanical and microbotanical remains. Three were subjected to FTIR. These analyses represent the first Fremont pipes ever analyzed for botanical remains, and the results reported in this paper provide conclusions regarding possible smoke mixtures used by the Fremont. Contents of the pipes included remains of tobacco, plants from the Amaranthaceae family, maize fragments, grasses, and various fuel woods.
Redating Paquimé And The Convento Site Sixty Years After The Joint Casas Grandes Expedition In Northwestern Mexico, Samuel Jensen, Michael T. Searcy, Meradeth Snow
Redating Paquimé And The Convento Site Sixty Years After The Joint Casas Grandes Expedition In Northwestern Mexico, Samuel Jensen, Michael T. Searcy, Meradeth Snow
Faculty Publications
Debates continue regarding the rise of the Late Prehistoric (post-AD 1200) city of Paquimé in northwestern Chihuahua, Mexico. Unfortunately, the established chronology of the site was flawed due to incorrect interpretations of dendrochronological samples that lacked cutting dates (i.e., outer rings). While Dean and Ravesloot (1993) were able to determine this mistake through a reanalysis of the original chronological sequence, no attempts have been made to revise the chronology using new dates. This poster reports the results of new radiocarbon dates analyzed from samples of human remains found at Paquimé during the Joint Casas Grandes Expedition from 1958 to 1961. …
Landscapes Of Medical Culture From The Amazonia Of Ecuador, Savannah Sorensen
Landscapes Of Medical Culture From The Amazonia Of Ecuador, Savannah Sorensen
Undergraduate Honors Theses
This thesis examines the relationships between humans and plants in the Ecuadorian Amazon and the role relationships and nature play in the affliction and healing of illnesses and diseases. Through animism, spirituality, and rituals, the Quechua and Canelos groups foster a deep connection with the land and each other which plays an important role in traditional medicine and healing; this important connection with each other and the land constitutes the main premise of this paper, the sociality of healing. Many other cultures such as the Kalahari Kang, Samoans suffering from cardiovascular problems, and Evangelical Christians take on a similar approach …
Empathy And Fairness In Nonhuman Primates: Evolutionary Bases Of Human Morality, Colt Halter
Empathy And Fairness In Nonhuman Primates: Evolutionary Bases Of Human Morality, Colt Halter
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Darwin offered an evolutionary perspective on the origins of human morality, suggesting that humans share a biological foundation with nonhuman primates. This paper reviews the current literature on moral and prosocial behaviors of nonhuman primates, specifically examining whether nonhuman primates exhibit behaviors that are typical of empathy and fairness. The literature documents that nonhuman primates exhibit empathetic behaviors regarding emotional contagion and sympathetic concern. There is also evidence that nonhuman primates have a sense of fairness, seen in their reciprocal behaviors and aversion to inequity. Taken together, this suggests that there are evolutionary roots of morality, lending empirical support to …
Solar Tracking Apparatuses Including One Or More Solar Panels, Systems Including The Same, And Methods Of Using The Same, Michael T. Searcy, Scott Ure
Solar Tracking Apparatuses Including One Or More Solar Panels, Systems Including The Same, And Methods Of Using The Same, Michael T. Searcy, Scott Ure
Faculty Publications
Embodiments disclosed herein relate to solar tracking apparatuses , systems that include the same, and methods of operating the same. An example solar tracking apparatus includes a structure attachment portion configured to be attached to a structure (e.g., a moveable or stationary structure) and to remain relatively stationary relative to the structure. The structure attachment portion may include one or more mounts configured to attach the structure attachment portion to the structure. The solar tracking apparatus also includes at least one solar panel portion coupled to the structure attachment portion. The solar panel portion may be configured to move relative …
Migrating Genes: Using Adna And Archaeological Data To Explain Migration In The Casas Grandes Region Of Northern Mexico, Meradeth Snow, Michael T. Searcy
Migrating Genes: Using Adna And Archaeological Data To Explain Migration In The Casas Grandes Region Of Northern Mexico, Meradeth Snow, Michael T. Searcy
Faculty Publications
Migration as an archaeological topic has addressed huge distances, such as the colonization of the Americas, as well as smaller regions, such as the peopling of specific sites. The use of genetics as a medium to enhance our understanding of population movement can be an asset. There are potential pitfalls, however, such as the misrepresentation of DNA ranging across the landscape without human vectors or motivations. Genetic data must be interpreted through the lens of all available data from the site and surrounding region in order to understand how it its into the potential for human migration. These ideas will …
Women In The Early Mongol Empire: Female Types In The Secret History Of The Mongols, Aspen Greaves
Women In The Early Mongol Empire: Female Types In The Secret History Of The Mongols, Aspen Greaves
Undergraduate Honors Theses
The Mongol Empire is highly susceptible to great-man history, placing all credit and blame on the figure of Genghis Khan and ignoring the contributions of others. Modern historians often read the primary texts through a patriarchal lens in assuming all decisions are made by men. However, the primary sources support a more feminist approach in emphasizing the importance of individual women, particularly Hö’elün, Börte, and the three regent-empresses. This research looks at how women are depicted in The Secret History of the Mongols. I identified four “types” of women in The Secret History, and therefore in medieval Mongolian culture. …
Agent-Based Modelling Of The Relationships Among Kinship, Residence, And Exchange, James R. Allison
Agent-Based Modelling Of The Relationships Among Kinship, Residence, And Exchange, James R. Allison
Faculty Publications
In the North American Southwest, archaeological research has documented ceramic exchange networks in which spatially proximate households in consumer communities have greatly varying amounts of imported pottery. This paper uses agent-based modelling to gain insight into the processes responsible for these distributions. The agent-based model used here tracks kinship ties among agents representing individuals who give birth, marry, co-reside with spouses, and exchange things in a virtual landscape filled with small settlements of up to a few hundred individuals. Exchange of goods in the model flows through the kinship networks. The results suggest that the differential distribution of goods among …
Rosegate Projectile Points In The Fremont Region, James R. Allison, Robert J. Bischoff
Rosegate Projectile Points In The Fremont Region, James R. Allison, Robert J. Bischoff
Faculty Publications
The Fremont projectile point typology was developed in the 1980s. An early revision combined the Rose Spring Corner-notched and Eastgate Expanding-stem types into a combined Rosegate type with an end date of AD 900-1000. Some archaeologists recognize that these projectile points persist to approximately AD 1300 but others use the earlier date range, and much of the relevant information is confined to gray literature. Furthermore, there is a varied approach to these types. Some use the original two types, while others use Rosegate or a combination of Rosegate, Rose Spring, and Eastgate. We used projectile point typology data, illustrations, and …
Variations In Paint On San Juan Red Ware, James R. Allison, Aspen Greaves
Variations In Paint On San Juan Red Ware, James R. Allison, Aspen Greaves
Faculty Publications
Portable x-ray fluorescence (PXRF) analysis allows rapid, non-destructive characterization of the elements present in paints on archaeological ceramics. By measuring painted and unpainted portions of San Juan Red Ware sherds s from southeastern Utah, we document variation in the elements in the paint. Iron is ubiquitous in San Juan Red Ware paints, while manganese, lead, and copper, were also sometimes present. Manganese is consistently present in black paints on later San Juan Red Wares, and is a useful tool in identifying sherds. Abajo Red-on-orange sherds discolored by exposure to fire can appear to be Bluff black-on-red, but lack manganese. Lead …
Pre-Columbian Rock Mulching As A Strategy For Modern Agave Cultivation In Arid Marginal Lands, Hector Ortiz-Cano, Jose Antonio Hernandez-Herrera, Neil C. Hansen, Steven L. Petersen, Michael T. Searcy, Ricardo Mata-Gonzalez, Teodoro Cervantes-Mendivil, Antonio Villanueva-Morales, Pil Man Park, J. Ryan Stewart
Pre-Columbian Rock Mulching As A Strategy For Modern Agave Cultivation In Arid Marginal Lands, Hector Ortiz-Cano, Jose Antonio Hernandez-Herrera, Neil C. Hansen, Steven L. Petersen, Michael T. Searcy, Ricardo Mata-Gonzalez, Teodoro Cervantes-Mendivil, Antonio Villanueva-Morales, Pil Man Park, J. Ryan Stewart
Faculty Publications
Cultivation of C3 and C4 crops in semi-arid regions will be severely constrained as global temperatures rise. Consequently, alternative crops need to be sought out that adapt well to heat and drought and are productive despite limited access to water. Traits, such as crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), enable economically important species such as those in the Agave genus adapt to drought and high temperatures. The succulence and high efficiency of agaves, which enables them to produce biomass with little water, underscores their feasibility as an alternative crop for semi-arid regions, such as the Sonoran Desert in the southwestern U.S. In …
Historical And Archaeological Evidence For Flooding In West Provo, Utah, Michael T. Searcy
Historical And Archaeological Evidence For Flooding In West Provo, Utah, Michael T. Searcy
Faculty Publications
Utah Lake in Utah County, Utah, has been a wealth of resources for generations of people over thousands of years. The lake’s waters also have regularly breached its banks and adversely affected the lives of many people. Using both historical and archaeological data, I provide evidence for successive flooding events that are likely to persist into the future. This same information is used to suggest that Provo City is making poor decisions in their current development of this area next to the lake.
Lithic Material Procurement And Processing Of The Ancestral Puebloans In Montezuma Canyon, Richae Knudsen
Lithic Material Procurement And Processing Of The Ancestral Puebloans In Montezuma Canyon, Richae Knudsen
Student Works
Recent analysis of lithic materials from Ancestral Puebloan sites in Montezuma Canyon demonstrates differences between the northern and southern sites in terms of practices of lithic procurement and processing. Materials from Alkali Ridge and Coal Bed Village had more lithic debitage without cortex, while those from Cave Canyon Village and Three Kiva Ruin had a much higher frequency of debitage with cortex. These data sets suggest that the northern sites performed primary flaking away from home, while those in the south did their primary flaking at home. This distinct behavior may be a result of differential access to lithic material …
A Blueprint Or Change: How Punk Music In Belfast Affects Activism Today, Hannah Williams, Jacob Hickman
A Blueprint Or Change: How Punk Music In Belfast Affects Activism Today, Hannah Williams, Jacob Hickman
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Though art can be found in all walks of life, it lends itself particularly well to the expression of political frustration. During the deeply rooted religious conflict between Catholic and Protestant communities in Northern Ireland, commonly referred to as the Troubles, many artists and musicians used their creativity to speak out against the violence of the conflict. Born into a society of religious division and hatred, youths of the 1970s and 1980s often turned to the local punk music movement in order to bridge and speak out against the religious divide. Many believe this was critical to eventual peace in …
Moral Transformation Of Religious Conflict: Believers & Bonfire In Belfast, Northern Ireland, Brinnan Schill, Jacob Hickman
Moral Transformation Of Religious Conflict: Believers & Bonfire In Belfast, Northern Ireland, Brinnan Schill, Jacob Hickman
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The purpose of this project was to investigate the cultural and historical implications of contemporary religious changes among two case studies of millenarian movements, drawing specifically on ethnographic field research already conducted in a Hmong village in Northern Thailand, and continuing research on conflict transformation among the Protestant and Catholic communities of Belfast, Northern Ireland. Drawing from both written and visual ethnographic methodology, the aim of this project is to use the unique qualities of a visually supplemented narrative to illustrate and explicate how people within these millenarian movements interpret religious conflict as an “enchanted” (Gell 1994) narrative of persecution, …
Nabataean Painted Pottery Wares: Core Vs. Periphery, Shawn Hall, David Johnson
Nabataean Painted Pottery Wares: Core Vs. Periphery, Shawn Hall, David Johnson
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The Nabataeans were an ancient civilization contemporary with the Romans who, through trading, where able to exhort influence over a large portion of the Middle East. Their capital of Petra is well-studied many of the cities on the outskirts of the Nabataean kingdom have just recently been studied more in-depth. Hegra, located in the northern part of modern-day Saudi Arabia, is one of such cities located in the south of the Nabataean kingdom. By studying the different motifs found on Nabataean painted pottery found in both Petra and Hegra, we have come to understand the relationship that the capital and …
Archaeometry For The Ancestors: Stable Isotope Analysis Of Skeletal Remains From Huarochirí, Perú, Ridge Anderson, Zachary Chase, Phd
Archaeometry For The Ancestors: Stable Isotope Analysis Of Skeletal Remains From Huarochirí, Perú, Ridge Anderson, Zachary Chase, Phd
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The Huarochirí region of the central coast of Peru has been of utmost importance to Andean anthropologists since the late 1930s discovery of the Huarochirí Manuscript. The manuscript is the only historical document we have that is written in an indigenous Andean language. Consequently, it has been one of the main sources for understanding indigenous Andean lifeways leading up to the Early Colonial period. The first systematic archaeological research in this area commenced in 2010 under the Proyecto Arqueológico Huarochirí-Lurin Alto (PAHLA) directed by Dr. Zachary Chase. So far, the research involved in PAHLA indicates a different story than the …
Book Review: Seeds Of Greatness By Denis Waitley, Jennifer Maynard
Book Review: Seeds Of Greatness By Denis Waitley, Jennifer Maynard
Marriott Student Review
Book review of Seeds of Greatness by Denis Waitley, personal anecdotes and summaries of research on the secrets to success in life and in the business world.