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Articles 4771 - 4800 of 8231

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Ottoman And European Influence In The Ninteenth-Century Bridal Collection Of The Azem Palace, Damascus, Syria, Julianne Parker Sep 2013

Ottoman And European Influence In The Ninteenth-Century Bridal Collection Of The Azem Palace, Damascus, Syria, Julianne Parker

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In 1829, Ottoman Emperor Mahmud II issued a proclamation mandating that all men under his rule must replace their traditional clothing with the “modern” European-style jacket and trousers.1 The interest and appeal of Europe had never been so publicly sanctioned in Ottoman history. The western influence was perhaps most greatly felt in outlying provinces like Damascus, whose government had long been semi-autonomous under local governors, including the Azem family, residents of the Azem Palace. As European entrepreneurs, statesmen, and tourists continued to visit Damascus, local Damascenes inevitably began to imitate these exotic foreigners. Fashion was one of the easiest ways …

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Reaction To Amendment Of Article 27 In Rural Guanajuato, Brandon H. Lee, Dr. F. Lamond Tullis Sep 2013

Reaction To Amendment Of Article 27 In Rural Guanajuato, Brandon H. Lee, Dr. F. Lamond Tullis

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Modifications to article 27 of the Mexican Constitution made in January 1992 tremendously altered the land tenure system in rural Mexico. These modifications allow ejidatarios (landholders who possess a usufruct title to the land) to obtain an individual title to their land through a government program known as PROCEDE (the Program for Certification of Ejidal Rights and Titling of Urban House Lots). Having this title allows for the sale, purchase, or rental of lands. It also permits joint ventures with domestic and foreign private investors. Prior to the amendment, farmers claimed usufruct use of the land granted by the 1917 …

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Exploring The Effects Of Sexual Desire Discrepancy Among Married Couples, Brian J. Willoughby, Adam M. Farero, Dean M. Busby Sep 2013

Exploring The Effects Of Sexual Desire Discrepancy Among Married Couples, Brian J. Willoughby, Adam M. Farero, Dean M. Busby

Faculty Publications

Previous studies have found associations between the individual discrepancy of desired sexual frequency and actual sexual frequency and relational outcomes among premarital couples. The present study extended this research by using a sample of 1,054 married couples to explore how actor and partner individual sexual desire discrepancy (SDD) scores were associated with relationship satisfaction, stability, communication, and conflict during marriage. All participants took an online survey which assessed both couple sexual dynamics and relationship outcomes. Findings suggested that higher actor individual SDD was generally associated with negative relational outcomes, including lower reported relationship satisfaction, stability, and more reported couple conflict. …

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The Environmental Impact Of Culture: The Anasazi Farmers And The Anglo Farmers/Ranchers In Southeastern Utah, David N. Hanton, Dr. Ray T. Matheny Sep 2013

The Environmental Impact Of Culture: The Anasazi Farmers And The Anglo Farmers/Ranchers In Southeastern Utah, David N. Hanton, Dr. Ray T. Matheny

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In the 1880’s the Texas cattle barons brought thousands of sheep and cattle to Utah to exploit its grasslands.1 Some of them made their way to Montezuma’s Canyon. The purpose of my research in Montezuma’s Canyon was to determine if there is a correlation between the commencement of farming and herding and the acceleration of erosion in the past 120 years.

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Literacy Development Of Deaf Students: The Influence Of Environmental Factors, K. Brooke Harding, Dr. Mark W. Tanner Sep 2013

Literacy Development Of Deaf Students: The Influence Of Environmental Factors, K. Brooke Harding, Dr. Mark W. Tanner

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Learning to read and write plays a significant role in children’s linguistic and cognitive development. The development of reading skills is a natural process in a home where literacy is emphasized and children are surrounded by print.1 However, the acquisition of literacy is not an easy task for all children because it requires complex coordination of various capabilities.2 Deaf people in particular face immense linguistic, social, and emotional obstacles in learning to read and write. (The term deaf is used in this report to denote both deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals). According to standardized reading assessments, most deaf high school graduates …

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Scripture Literacy: An Observation Of Behaviors Related To Scriptural Literacy In Children Ages 5-12, Melissa Lovelady Helselt, Dr. Dennis A. Wright Sep 2013

Scripture Literacy: An Observation Of Behaviors Related To Scriptural Literacy In Children Ages 5-12, Melissa Lovelady Helselt, Dr. Dennis A. Wright

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The focus of my study was to answer two questions: “Is scriptural literacy different from conventional literacy?” and “What factors, if any, foster competent scripture comprehension and retention?” The study involved a series of tasks with children between the ages of 5 and 12 living in Wymount Terrace. To simplify my experiment, I used only Latter Day Saint children whose native language was English, and used only the Book of Mormon.

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Preexposure Of Licl And Cck-8: Effects On Taste Aversion Conditioning, Tyler J. Gerritsen, Gregory N. Ervin Sep 2013

Preexposure Of Licl And Cck-8: Effects On Taste Aversion Conditioning, Tyler J. Gerritsen, Gregory N. Ervin

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Taste aversion conditioning is a uniquely learned behavior. In most laboratory cases, the subjects receive a dose of the drug in question and a bottle of saccharin (sacc). Ordinarily, rats will strongly prefer drinking sacc to water (Fig. 1). Whereas with taste aversion, rats develop an aversion to the sacc and choose to mainly drink water instead. If the rat avoids the water as well as the sacc, the dosage is probably so strong that the rat loses motivation to drink anything. The actual reason for taste aversion is not known. Garcia and Koelling (1966) have suggested that aversion is …

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Pregnancy, Birth, And The Conceptualization Of Personhood Among The Asante Of Western Ghana, Rebekah Olsen, Dr. William Olsen Sep 2013

Pregnancy, Birth, And The Conceptualization Of Personhood Among The Asante Of Western Ghana, Rebekah Olsen, Dr. William Olsen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Giving birth in Mampong, Ghana is a ritualized process of behavior involving not only the mother and her child, but also many different segments of society. Upon giving birth, a mother’s life will change considerably and her role in society will transform radically upon the safe delivery of her infant. She will become initiated into a new culture of motherhood and will have various decisions to make concerning the birth of her child. Throughout this project, I kept a double focus. First, I attempted to record some of the birthing options available to mothers in rural Ghana. Next, I also …

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The Impact Of Multinational Corporations In China, Steven Max Brown, Dr. Dan Nielson Sep 2013

The Impact Of Multinational Corporations In China, Steven Max Brown, Dr. Dan Nielson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Multinational corporations have become a significant part of China’s economy. Every year thousands of new businesses dive into this massive population hoping to capture even a small percent of the market share. Today, billions of dollars continue to pour into projects geared for long term returns as China continues to develop and prosper. The government may claim to be Communist, but the country is already booming with a market economy, private ownership, and entrepreneurial spirit.

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Project Vision Evaluation, Cassandra J. Dorius, Dr. Vaughn R. A. Call Sep 2013

Project Vision Evaluation, Cassandra J. Dorius, Dr. Vaughn R. A. Call

Journal of Undergraduate Research

With an estimated one quarter of America’s youth between the ages of 10 and 17 exhibiting signs of high risk or dysfunctional behaviors, organizations aimed at intervention and positive socialization have flourished over the past decade.1 Research has shown that within these organizations a social environment approach such as the establishment of peer groups, role modeling, and pro-social behavior rehearsal are the most effective means of fostering lasting behavioral and attitudinal changes among troubled teens.2 Applying similar mentoring techniques within our own community, the needs of Provo’s at risk youth are being addressed by Project Vision, a non-profit social program …

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A Study Of Self-Employment Trends, Bengte Evenson, Dr. Mark H. Showalter Sep 2013

A Study Of Self-Employment Trends, Bengte Evenson, Dr. Mark H. Showalter

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The implications of current trends in self-employment are not well understood because the relevant literature is simply not well developed. A good portion of the current literature on self-employment can be found in the Small Business Journal, a recently established publication with a sociological focus. Economic publications on self-employment are much more scarce and tend to be mixtures of observation and preliminary analyzation. A major hindrance to the development of this literature is that there are few standards to guide it. Even the basic definition of self-employment is still debated. For example, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) does …

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U. S. Presidential Races And Their Affect On Stock Portfolios, Matthew Downs, Dr. Steven Thorley Sep 2013

U. S. Presidential Races And Their Affect On Stock Portfolios, Matthew Downs, Dr. Steven Thorley

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Many factors influence the trading prices of securities listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Politicians, both Democratic and Republican, decide on an array of policies and tax laws that have a substantial affect on all areas of the market. In addition to this, as the economist John Maynard Keynes correctly predicted, government policies such as spending can have an enormous impact on the welfare of the economy.

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The Effects Of Maternal Adrenalectomy On The Sexual Behavior Of Male Rat Offspring, David Eliason, Dr. Reuben W. Rhees Sep 2013

The Effects Of Maternal Adrenalectomy On The Sexual Behavior Of Male Rat Offspring, David Eliason, Dr. Reuben W. Rhees

Journal of Undergraduate Research

It has been shown that several structures in the mammalian brain exhibit differences between males and females. These variations are referred to as sexually dimorphic areas. In recent years, study of the brain has demonstrated the complex interconnections between the sexual behavior of individuals and the neurological functions of the brain. It is now considered appropriate to refer to the brain as a part of the reproductive system in reference to the determining factor it plays in development of the sexual organs and in regulating the behavior of the organism. The mammalian fetus originally possesses the potential to become either …

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Testing Preschoolers: My First Shot At Empirical Research, Miriam Carey, Dr. Gawain Wells Sep 2013

Testing Preschoolers: My First Shot At Empirical Research, Miriam Carey, Dr. Gawain Wells

Journal of Undergraduate Research

About a year ago I signed up to be part of the Y-OQ research group. I didn’t really know what the Y-OQ was, I just wanted some research experience. The professor in charge grinned slyly when I asked what I could do to help. He said, “We could really use your help doing data entry.” I heard a few other students chuckle at the sound of his words and I wondered what was so funny. Then a graduate student led me through the rat maze psychology building to a dimly lit room in the basement. He sat me down at …

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Pioneers In Hong Kong: A Research Summary, Sarah Burnham, Spencer Palmer Sep 2013

Pioneers In Hong Kong: A Research Summary, Sarah Burnham, Spencer Palmer

Journal of Undergraduate Research

When I set out to research pioneer stories of members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latterday Saints in Hong Kong, I was rather naive about the amount of work involved. I assumed that it would be a relatively simple matter to gather a base history from the library and then meet with and invite people to share their stories. It sounded simple in theory but was much more complex in reality.

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The Effects Of Gender On Language Perception In The Classroom, Rachel Hansen, Dr. Wendy Baker Sep 2013

The Effects Of Gender On Language Perception In The Classroom, Rachel Hansen, Dr. Wendy Baker

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The creation of adaptive learning environments is crucial for students’ success. Teachers often use written feedback to encourage improvement in their students’ work. The manner and content of feedback greatly affects how it is perceived (Brinko, 1993). Also, studies have shown for almost two decades that gender affects how student learn (Kolb, 1976). For example, female students perceive their learning environment more positively (den Brok, Fisher, Rickards & Bull, 2006) and are more likely to hold mastery over performance goals and to refrain from disruptive classroom behavior than are males. (Kenney-Benson, Pomerantz, Ryan & Patrick, 2006). Roberts (1991) argued that …

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A Response To Douglas Davies’S Mormon Culture Of Salvation The Latter-Day Saint Doctrine Of Grace, Cory Walker, Dr. David Paulsen Sep 2013

A Response To Douglas Davies’S Mormon Culture Of Salvation The Latter-Day Saint Doctrine Of Grace, Cory Walker, Dr. David Paulsen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The doctrine of salvation by grace has been a much discussed and differently interpreted aspect of Latter-day Saint theology both within the general membership of the Church and outside it. A recent, in-depth treatment of Latter-day Saint views and cultural traditions regarding salvation, written by prominent religious scholar Douglas J. Davies, discussed the Mormon understanding of grace and provided a wonderful academic opportunity to explore the issue using the foil of an informed outsider opinion with which to set out the Latter-day Saint doctrine of grace from Joseph Smith to the present. Dr. David Paulsen and his staff prepared a …

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The Mormon Doctrine Of Deification, David J. Linthorst, Dr. David L. Paulsen Sep 2013

The Mormon Doctrine Of Deification, David J. Linthorst, Dr. David L. Paulsen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

My experience as an ORCA grant recipient has been an interesting one. The focus and direction of my work has changed a few times as I have attempted to direct my efforts towards meaningful research that would be useful to the greater body of work that is being produced by my mentor. During this process I have experienced frustration as I have realized my personal limitations and the limitations of the subject matter. I have also experienced success as I have narrowed my topic down to focus on a consistent vein of thought running through LDS theology on the topic …

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Joseph Smith And The Social Trinity: An Analysis And Defense Of The Social Model Of The Godhead, Brett D. Mcdonald, Dr. David L. Paulsen Sep 2013

Joseph Smith And The Social Trinity: An Analysis And Defense Of The Social Model Of The Godhead, Brett D. Mcdonald, Dr. David L. Paulsen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Excluding his claim to the resumption of public revelation and its, corollary, the re-opening of the canon, perhaps no other Mormon doctrine has received as much criticism as the conception and formulation of the trinity by Joseph Smith and his successors. Ever since Joseph declared that God the Father and Jesus Christ had appeared to him as two distinct personages in the spring of 1820, the cry of tritheism from Mormonism’s detractors has been both loud and persistent. For instance, early on, British theologian T.W.P. Taylder, asserted that Mormon doctrine was tri-theistic because it denies the “unity of the Godhead.” …

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Untitled, Wesley Austin Sep 2013

Untitled, Wesley Austin

Journal of Undergraduate Research

I started this project with the idea to research the influences of 19th century Christian religions in America on Joseph Smith’s ideas of the process of deification. I soon found that there was little that I could find on this topic and that I would have to be somewhat of an expert in this particular area in order to make any significant headway.

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Proofs For The Existence Of God: The Relationship Between Aquinas And Aristotle, Tully Minoski, Dr. James Siebach Sep 2013

Proofs For The Existence Of God: The Relationship Between Aquinas And Aristotle, Tully Minoski, Dr. James Siebach

Journal of Undergraduate Research

My paper was essentially a comparative analysis of Thomas Aquinas’ proofs for the existence of God and Aristotle’s proof(s) for the existence of God. This topic, while it seems to be quite dull primae facie, is actually quite interesting and engaging. For example, it is almost a dogma that Aquinas developed his proofs for the existence of God from Aristotle, as well as much of his theology. This is because Thomas Aquinas Christianized Aristotle. However, a more detailed analysis shows fairly extreme differences between the two individuals—at least in relation to their respective proofs for the existence of God.

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Isma`Kuwayyis: Software To Improve Listening Comprehension In Arabic Students, Jason White, Dr. Dilworth Parkinson Sep 2013

Isma`Kuwayyis: Software To Improve Listening Comprehension In Arabic Students, Jason White, Dr. Dilworth Parkinson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In Arabic pedagogy (as in many languages), listening comprehension continues to be an area of frustration for students as well as teachers involved in second language acquisition. The greatest challenge is to allow a student access to authentic material with interaction. Obviously, the resources (natives) for such idealistic activities are very limited. The goal of this software development was to make authentic material available to students and allow for interaction (though somewhat limited), and to make the setup of such activities and materials easier for the professor. Computer-aided instruction cannot replace conversation or live interaction; however, it can and does …

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Dendrochronology: Exploring Land Use In Montezuma Canyon, Julia Matheny, Dr. Matthew Bekker Sep 2013

Dendrochronology: Exploring Land Use In Montezuma Canyon, Julia Matheny, Dr. Matthew Bekker

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Montezuma Canyon, of San Juan County, Utah has a long and rich history of human occupation with land use by various peoples. The Anasazi occupied the area from 200 to 1300 A.D., at which time the area was abandoned. Euroamerican pioneers came into the canyon in the 1880’s and introduced domestic cattle, which promoted grazing into the area. Since the time of Euroamerican settlement, the landscape of Montezuma Canyon has undergone dramatic changes due to erosion. Grazing, along with various other land uses involved in ranching and farming, have been suggested as possible causes of erosion, loss of viable soils …

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Myelin Basic Protein And Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Antibodies In Autism, Edward Stevenson, Dr. Erin Bigler Sep 2013

Myelin Basic Protein And Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Antibodies In Autism, Edward Stevenson, Dr. Erin Bigler

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Autism is a developmental disorder. There has been an increasing trend in the diagnosis of autism in the past 15 years. After years of research there is still little agreement as to the causes of autism. It has been hypothesized that autistics could be the result of the body’s immune system attacking the brain through cytotoxicity and antibody mediated responses.2 Studies between immune factors and autism have had some interesting results, yet due to the complexities of the central nervous system and immune system, solid conclusions have not been reached.

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A Woman, A Mother: The Womenstats Project, Jana Badger, Dr. Valerie Hudson Sep 2013

A Woman, A Mother: The Womenstats Project, Jana Badger, Dr. Valerie Hudson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Since the 1970s, the field of gender research has shown incredible correlations between the value and treatment of women and the overall welfare of societies. This research has contributed to international efforts to curb violence against women and open doors of opportunity previously closed to one-half of the world’s population. However, two roadblocks currently impede international efforts toward understanding and improving women’s well-being. First, the data available to researchers is limited and very difficult to access. Second, the variables that are traditionally considered in evaluations of “women’s status” often devalue a woman’s role as a mother, particularly in advanced industrialized …

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An Analysis Of State-Level Economic Conditions And Presidential Elections, 1960-2004, Melanie Freeze, Dr. Jeremy Clayne Pope Sep 2013

An Analysis Of State-Level Economic Conditions And Presidential Elections, 1960-2004, Melanie Freeze, Dr. Jeremy Clayne Pope

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Voters look to the economy when evaluating incumbent presidential candidates. For example, the record high inflation, interest rates, and unemployment during Carter’s first term in office are said to have contributed to his defeat in the 1980 presidential elections. The significance of the economy was so large in the 1992 presidential election one campaign strategist bluntly stated, “It’s the economy, stupid.” While national economic factors have always been clearly connected to presidential campaigns, relatively little research exists that examines the role state economies play in determining state-level presidential returns. My research primarily sought to understand whether national or state economic …

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The Role Of Perception In The Success Of The Scottish National Party: Internal Colonialism Revisited, S. Spencer Brown, Dr. Danny Damron Sep 2013

The Role Of Perception In The Success Of The Scottish National Party: Internal Colonialism Revisited, S. Spencer Brown, Dr. Danny Damron

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The Scottish National Party has seen growth and decline more than once since its founding in 1937. The party has struggled in several ways, lacking legitimacy, policy, and electoral opportunities. Since the inception of the Scottish Parliament in 1999, the SNP has found hope for more sustained success and publicity. Seven years later support for the SNP, and along with it Scottish nationalism finally seems to be increasing. The intent of my research was to determine a cause of increased SNP support and hopefully link that cause to a broader theoretical explanation. Several factors are present in Scotland that appear …

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Mobilizing The Early Voter, Lindsay Nielson, Dr. J. Quin Monson Sep 2013

Mobilizing The Early Voter, Lindsay Nielson, Dr. J. Quin Monson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Early voting is a rapidly-growing development in American elections. This trend includes both absentee voting, in which a voter submits an application to have a paper ballot mailed to his or her home, or in-person early voting, in which a voter may cast a ballot at an official polling place before the designated election day. Absentee voting was first used during the Civil War to allow military personnel stationed away from their home polling locations to cast their ballots, and most states only made this option available to the general voting populace in the last half of the twentieth century. …

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International Views On Rape Crises: A Comparative Study Between American And Italian Rape Recovery Centers, Allyson Ugolini, Dr. Shirley Cox Sep 2013

International Views On Rape Crises: A Comparative Study Between American And Italian Rape Recovery Centers, Allyson Ugolini, Dr. Shirley Cox

Journal of Undergraduate Research

This project’s goal was to compare and contrast two culturally diverse, American and Italian, rape recovery centers and the social work systems that run them. Research findings will benefit and enlighten both societies on each other’s methods and ways of operation, allowing them to take the positives and the negatives of their respective systems and learn from them.

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Reducing The Cost Of Soil Mapping In Precision Agriculture, Elizabeth Gillins, Dr. Ruth Kerry Sep 2013

Reducing The Cost Of Soil Mapping In Precision Agriculture, Elizabeth Gillins, Dr. Ruth Kerry

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Using electrical conductivity data (ECa) in soil survey is related to several soil properties. Particular use has been made of ECa data in precision agriculture because it is related to properties that could affect crop yield. Although theoretically sound reasons exist to explain these relationships, they vary spatially, making ECa data interpretation difficult, even within fields.

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