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Articles 4321 - 4350 of 8231

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Educational Technology: Evaluation Of An Interactive Cd-Rom For Teaching And Learning Organic Reactions, Loranna K. Kitchen, Dr. Edward E. Green Feb 2014

Educational Technology: Evaluation Of An Interactive Cd-Rom For Teaching And Learning Organic Reactions, Loranna K. Kitchen, Dr. Edward E. Green

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Advances in computer technology have affected many parts of our lives. The field of education is no exception. Increasingly, technology is used in schools to enhance students’ learning. Computer based learning programs offer students an opportunity for self-directed study to complement the instruction they receive in class. Teachers may also use educational technology in the classroom to more effectively teach students who respond to a wide variety of learning styles. With so many products on the market, both teachers and students need to know how to decide which products can help them in their teaching and learning. They must then …

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War On The Playing Fields: Battling Homelessness Through The Attitudes Of Children, Megan S. Morris, Dr. Gary Jensen Feb 2014

War On The Playing Fields: Battling Homelessness Through The Attitudes Of Children, Megan S. Morris, Dr. Gary Jensen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In Salt Lake City at the Traveler’s Aid Society Family Shelter there are many kids running around. They come in all shapes and sizes, all races and ethnic backgrounds, from all venues of life, from suburbs and slums. But they all have one thing in common – none of them have a home. They don’t consider the shelter their home, nor would they want to.

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Observations On Public Interest Group Maintenance: Environmental Groups Shed Light On Success And Failure, Jeffrey Jones, Dr. Jay Goodliffe Feb 2014

Observations On Public Interest Group Maintenance: Environmental Groups Shed Light On Success And Failure, Jeffrey Jones, Dr. Jay Goodliffe

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The massive proliferation of public interest groups in the past forty years appears to have surpassed our understanding of how these groups form, function, and maintain members. The purpose of my research is not to attempt to answer all the questions of how groups form and stay afloat, but to shed light from both a theoretical and practical perspective how public interest group leaders maintain membership and explain the demise of respective groups in their field.

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Report On The Tullis Ranch Investigation, Margaret Parnell Grindstaff, Dr. Joel Janetski Feb 2014

Report On The Tullis Ranch Investigation, Margaret Parnell Grindstaff, Dr. Joel Janetski

Journal of Undergraduate Research

With the grant provided by the Office of Research and Creative activity, I was able to conduct a survey of the Tullis Ranch. The ranch is located northeast of Spring City, UT and is owned by Marta and Lamond Tullis. After purchasing the land in 1997, Dr. Tullis came upon an unusual circular structure, which appeared to be a dwelling of some kind. This grant provided the money to do two sample excavations in this dwelling. The purpose was to discover whether the structure had been built by early pioneer settlers in the Sanpete County or whether the structure predated …

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Who Comes To The Bucharest Markets?, Daniel N. Dubei, Dr. Sam Otterstrom Feb 2014

Who Comes To The Bucharest Markets?, Daniel N. Dubei, Dr. Sam Otterstrom

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Johann Von Thunen’s model of agricultural land use has done much to explain the use of agricultural land in Europe prior to industrialization. His theory predicts the type of crop produced by the distance from the market. Modern transportation (1) though has improved the spatial pattern of crops and other products; no longer do they follow his theory. Romania is a country that is not yet fully modernized, and I researched how transportation is changing the land use now. I have found that improvements in transportation have allowed many farmers to come to the Bucharest market from further distances than …

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A Comparative Study Of Playground Behavior Of Typically Developing Children And Children With Specific Language Impairment, Melissa Parry, Catherine Ballif, Dr. Martin Fujiki Feb 2014

A Comparative Study Of Playground Behavior Of Typically Developing Children And Children With Specific Language Impairment, Melissa Parry, Catherine Ballif, Dr. Martin Fujiki

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this study is to determine the differences in social behaviors of children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) and typically developing children. Children with SLI are known to be more withdrawn in structured social situations. However, to date, there has not been substantial research on the differences in behavior between these two populations in an unstructured environment such as the playground.

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An Empirical Test Of Analogical Modeling: The K/Ø Alternation, C. Anton Rytting, Dr. Royal Skousen, Deryle Lonsdale Feb 2014

An Empirical Test Of Analogical Modeling: The K/Ø Alternation, C. Anton Rytting, Dr. Royal Skousen, Deryle Lonsdale

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Turkish is an agglutinative language, meaning that each word consists of a word stem followed by a variable number of suffixes. Sometimes, the addition of suffixes causes the stem to change its form. For example, stem-final velar consonants (i.e., /k/ and /g/) tend to be deleted between a stem vowel and a suffix vowel:

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Perceptions Of Somali Women On Cervical Cancer Screening, Alphaeus M. Wise, Dr. Barry L. Johnson Feb 2014

Perceptions Of Somali Women On Cervical Cancer Screening, Alphaeus M. Wise, Dr. Barry L. Johnson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Somalis represent a growing group of new immigrants to Minnesota. Because of their recent immigration, there has been very little research done on their perceptions of Western medicine, in particular, preventive measures such as cervical cancer screenings. I became interested in this while working at a community clinic in Minneapolis which saw a large number of Somali patients. The physician I was working with, Dr. Tina Martin, expressed a desire to better understand the Somali patients in order to better serve them. One of the things we had observed was that Somali women showed a reluctance to Pap smears that …

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Mechanisms Of The Role Of Religion In Adolescence: A Case Study Of Palestinian Youth, Lance Erickson, Dr. Brian K. Barbar Feb 2014

Mechanisms Of The Role Of Religion In Adolescence: A Case Study Of Palestinian Youth, Lance Erickson, Dr. Brian K. Barbar

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The role of religion in adolescence has been given considerable attention in past decades. The majority of this attention has been concerned with religion as a social control mechanism (1), and therefore has focused on its relationship to adolescent deviance and drug use. Although relatively few in number, there have been some studies on more psychological outcomes such as psychological well being, self-esteem, and loneliness (1; 2; 3; 4). These studies have shown that youth who are more involved in religion are less likely to be deviant and more likely to have higher levels of psychological well-being.

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Group Therapy Experience As A Factor In The Outcome Of Severely Mentally Ill Patients, Jennifer R. Ellsworth, Dr. Gary M. Burlingame Feb 2014

Group Therapy Experience As A Factor In The Outcome Of Severely Mentally Ill Patients, Jennifer R. Ellsworth, Dr. Gary M. Burlingame

Journal of Undergraduate Research

An interdisciplinary team of academicians from Brigham Young University’s Comprehensive Clinic initially developed a collaborative relationship with the Utah State Hospital for the purpose of improving the hospital’s group therapy program through staff group skills training and improving the hospital’s outcomes tracking system. They chose six instruments (three of which were currently in use at the hospital) to measure the impact of the staff skills enhancement program and to track patient outcome.

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Effectiveness Of Massage Therapy For Clients Who Are Receiving Psychotherapy For Distress, Collin R. Payne, Dr. Bruce Carpenter Feb 2014

Effectiveness Of Massage Therapy For Clients Who Are Receiving Psychotherapy For Distress, Collin R. Payne, Dr. Bruce Carpenter

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Current research shows that touch stimulation can positively affect physiological, behavioral, and social development (1). Because of this research, health care professionals regard touch as vitally important in interactions and healing (2). In view of the benefits of touch on anxiety and recovery, therapeutic massage is gradually becoming a recognized health care profession (3).

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A Comparison Of The Effects Of Preattentive Processes And Visual Search On A Memory Task, Aubree Greenhalgh, Dr. Donovan Fleming Feb 2014

A Comparison Of The Effects Of Preattentive Processes And Visual Search On A Memory Task, Aubree Greenhalgh, Dr. Donovan Fleming

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Extensive research has been done with regards to attention and visual processing. Particular attention has been paid to preattentive processing which is the automatic registration of features by processing all targets simultaneously across the visual field (Matlin & Foley, 1997). Some of the particular properties which visual objects are composed of appear instantly and are, thus, processed faster (Treisman, 1985). In simpler terms, some targets are easier to recognize then others, especially if the targets differ greatly from their surroundings. For example, one square among many circles is easier to recognize then an oval or an octagon among a number …

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Statistical Survey Of International Terrorist Activity: An Examination Of The Effectiveness Of Military Deterrence, Eric R. Jorgensen, Dr. Jay Goodliffe Feb 2014

Statistical Survey Of International Terrorist Activity: An Examination Of The Effectiveness Of Military Deterrence, Eric R. Jorgensen, Dr. Jay Goodliffe

Journal of Undergraduate Research

As we recently observed the one-year anniversary of the embassy bombings in Africa, thoughts turned again to our vulnerability to terrorist attacks. One year ago President Clinton vowed to “wage war on terrorism.” It was at this point that many began to question the effectiveness of military deterrence on terrorist activity. This research examined the question of effectiveness. My hypothesis has been that military strength has no measurable effect in the deterrence of terrorist activities. I proposed instead that terrorists strike powerful, industrialized, democratic countries because their attacks appear more devastating when conducted against these states.

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Historical Evolution Of Latin American City Structure: Costa Rican Cities As Test Cases, Vaughn Robert Pickell, Dr. Samuel M. Otterstrom Feb 2014

Historical Evolution Of Latin American City Structure: Costa Rican Cities As Test Cases, Vaughn Robert Pickell, Dr. Samuel M. Otterstrom

Journal of Undergraduate Research

When the European explorers came to America they brought with them their pattern of city design. Jorge Hardoy (1982) asserts that the Spanish “built cities that in layout, architectural styles, technology, land-use patterns and even in criteria used to select the location of the new settlements” was just as they had done in Europe (24). As part of their European tradition, the conquistadors believed that God should be the focus of all good society, and therefore built the local Catholic church in the center of the newly established city. Regardless of the size of the local population, a church would …

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Qualitative Study Of Males And Females Reactions To Cooperative And Competitive Group Problem Solving Situations, Howard B. Cleavinger, Dr. Kay H. Smith Feb 2014

Qualitative Study Of Males And Females Reactions To Cooperative And Competitive Group Problem Solving Situations, Howard B. Cleavinger, Dr. Kay H. Smith

Journal of Undergraduate Research

This study was constructed using a simplified commodities game in which groups of four participants invested in commodities ranging from $100 to $500. The higher the cost, the higher the rate of risk entailed and thus, a higher payoff. The participants were informed that they were participating as a group against other groups (a cooperative situation), or that they were participating as individuals against the group and all other groups (a competitive situation). Same sex groups were used in this study.

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Research Project Results: An Economic Comparison Of Two Rural Chilean Towns, Wade O. Bean, Dr. Darren Timothy Feb 2014

Research Project Results: An Economic Comparison Of Two Rural Chilean Towns, Wade O. Bean, Dr. Darren Timothy

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Rural areas in developing countries are often the breeding ground as well as the testing ground for economic theory. Two rural towns near Santiago, Chile became of particular interest to me, as they were very similar in many aspects of their economic structure yet very different in others. In studying and comparing these two towns, it became evident that a certain combination of economic factors in these towns did yield the outcome that economic theory would predict.

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Female Arguments: An Examination Of The Utah Woman’S Suffrage Debates Of 1880 And 1895 As Represented In Opposing Utah Women’S Newspapers, Janika Isakson Feb 2014

Female Arguments: An Examination Of The Utah Woman’S Suffrage Debates Of 1880 And 1895 As Represented In Opposing Utah Women’S Newspapers, Janika Isakson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The fight for woman’s suffrage in the Utah Territory, where many citizens supported the practice of polygamy, was full of contradictions from the very beginning. Following the Civil War, various groups, including Congress in 1868, proposed woman’s suffrage as a possible solution for terminating polygamy in Utah.1 Following Wyoming’s lead in giving women the right to vote in 1869, the Utah Territorial government in 1871, with the support ofLDS Church President Brigham Young, also gave Utah women the right to vote.’ Brigham Young advised, “Now, sisters, I want you to vote also because women are the characters that rule the …

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Does Becker Know Best?, Matthew Butler, Dr. Eric Eide Feb 2014

Does Becker Know Best?, Matthew Butler, Dr. Eric Eide

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Most economists contend that racial discrimination cannot exist in a “free” labor market because competition will drive any firm that discriminates to bankruptcy. This contention is presented, perhaps most famously, in Gary Becker’s book the “Economics of Discrimination.” The question of whether Becker, and all economists, knows best is relevant because if “free” labor markets do work towards eliminating discrimination, the policy implications are for the government to take a laissez-faire stance towards regulating discrimination-to step back, and to simply allow the market to correct itself. The NBA provides a natural experiment to test whether or not “free” labor markets, …

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Medicalizing America: An Etiology Of U.S. Health-Care Expenditures, 1948-91, Bradley L. Stoker Feb 2014

Medicalizing America: An Etiology Of U.S. Health-Care Expenditures, 1948-91, Bradley L. Stoker

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In the 1990s, runaway health care expenditures have worried U.S.!awmakers and citizens alike. According to data in the 1995 Economic Report of the President, real per-capita health care consumption (in 1994 dollars) grew an average of 4.7 percent annually between 1948 and 1991, versus a real average NNP growth of only 1.85 percent. The price of health care during the same period increased 6.05 percent annually, whereas the general price index shows an average annual increase of only 4.16 percent. During 1993 and 1994, Congress and the White House sought remedies for health care expenditures that account for about 14 …

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Trispectral Analysis Of Speech For The Hearing Impaired, Michael Welker Feb 2014

Trispectral Analysis Of Speech For The Hearing Impaired, Michael Welker

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Visemes (phonemes that look the same while viewing the lips) within the English language are extremely difficult for heating impaired individuals using speech-reading to distinguish. Contemporary spectral displays of speech are inadequate to reliably differentiate subtle differences in the acoustic signal. Our project has investigated novel ways to display the spectrum in order to emphasize these subtleties.

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Analogical Modeling Of Japanese Loanword Formation From English, Nate Blaylock, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale Feb 2014

Analogical Modeling Of Japanese Loanword Formation From English, Nate Blaylock, Dr. Deryle Lonsdale

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The topic of this research, by way of review, was to try to predict, using the Analogical Modeling of Language (AML) method, the formation of Japanese loanwords from English. In other words, given an English word, how would a Japanese person pronounce it if they adopted it into Japanese. (Ice cream being pronounced aisu kurimu, for example). It was intended to be a test of the strengths and weaknesses of AML for this kind of a task (it has already been attempted by others using other methods).

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Genetics And History Surrounding Chachapoyas, Peru, Joel E. Myres Feb 2014

Genetics And History Surrounding Chachapoyas, Peru, Joel E. Myres

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Anthropologists studying human diversity and distribution have long recognized that humans are the recipients of two major informational systems; one cultural and the other biological. Both these components of human diversity are inherited by organisms, be they individuals or populations, across spatial and temporal realms, and retain the ability to influence the behavior or continuance of the organism in terms of fitness. Similarly, the biological record can reflect cultural processes or transitions, such as migrations or disease, much as ethnographic studies can identify elements of cultural adoption, such as ideas or practices. In as much as these elements of culture …

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The Maya Sculptor: An Epigraphic And Iconographic Study, Holly Sullivan Feb 2014

The Maya Sculptor: An Epigraphic And Iconographic Study, Holly Sullivan

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The existence of artistic authorship within ancient writing systems, though rare, is a significant diagnostic tool. Such signatures can illuminate social positions of artists and networks of artistic production. They also represent a unique genre of text outside of formal written language which can reveal aspects of the language never considered before. Recently, Mayan epigraphers have begun to ask if such a program of authorship existed among the Classic Maya. For my research project I undertook the collection and decipherment of 95 proposed signatures or “name-tags” on stelae and carved monuments from 23 sites in the Central Maya region of …

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Images Of Self: Constancy Amidst Social Change In India, Erika Gilroy Feb 2014

Images Of Self: Constancy Amidst Social Change In India, Erika Gilroy

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Social changes currently taking place in India are primarily a result of the Indian government’s efforts to promote technological industries, introduce family planning programs, and provide greater educational opportunities to a larger number of its people. The major effects of these reforms are the movement of an increasing number of Indians from villages to cities in order to find employment, the shift from a dominantly agricultural society to one of urban industry, and the increasing number of Indians who seek, and for the first time are given, the opportunity for an education. While such reforms may be changing many of …

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The Ch’Olti’ Link Language, Craig M. Warren, Dr. John Robertson Feb 2014

The Ch’Olti’ Link Language, Craig M. Warren, Dr. John Robertson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Perhaps one of the greatest achievements of the Mayan Civilization was their development of a writing system. Remnants of this highly sophisticated writing system can be found beautifully etched on temples and other ancient structures scattered throughout parts of Southern Mexico and Central America.

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Public Relations And Communication Changes Made By Pacific Islanders In Immigrating To America, Romney M. Stewart, Dr. Allen W. Palmer Feb 2014

Public Relations And Communication Changes Made By Pacific Islanders In Immigrating To America, Romney M. Stewart, Dr. Allen W. Palmer

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Utah’s large population of Pacific Islanders has continued to grow during the course of the past few years. However, it seemed to me that the majority of Polynesians I knew and saw worked in landscaping, cement or brick work, or other forms of manual labor. Why aren’t there more Polynesians involved in careers that Caucasians generally regard as higher status, such as accountancy, engineering, management, etc.? Is there something about their culture that places a different emphasis on job selection? What changes in communication and business methods must be initiated by immigrants in order to successfully compete with those in …

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Confronting The Past: Japan And Its Legal And Moral Responsibilities Towards Asian Comfort Women, Timothy D. Tree, Dr. Ray Christensen Feb 2014

Confronting The Past: Japan And Its Legal And Moral Responsibilities Towards Asian Comfort Women, Timothy D. Tree, Dr. Ray Christensen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

On August 14, 1991, Kim Hak-Sun became the first Asian comfort woman to break fifty years of self-imposed silence about the horrors she and thousands of other young Asian women endured a half century ago. Four months later, two more Korean women stepped forward and told the world their stories. These three Korean septuagenarians were former “comfort women”, women drafted by the Japanese Imperial Army for military sexual slavery during World War II (1).

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North Korea: Madman Or Rational Actor, Daniel Skidmore, Dr. Raymond Christiansen Feb 2014

North Korea: Madman Or Rational Actor, Daniel Skidmore, Dr. Raymond Christiansen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Some experts have stated that North Korea is a good example of an illogical regime, which, to a lesser or greater extent, adheres to the madman theory. The madman theory emphasizes that states will sometimes purposefully act in a random or irrational nature of violence in the hope that other nations will be afraid to deal forcefully with them. Knowing whether this commonly held belief is correct or not is an important step to solving the Korea problem.

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Ancestor Worship Among The Ovahimba Of Namibia, Travis Slade Feb 2014

Ancestor Worship Among The Ovahimba Of Namibia, Travis Slade

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The OvaHimba tribe of Southwest Africa have a tradition of ancestor worship that extends back into the past when their ancestors made the long trek from the Horne of Africa into present day Namibia. This subgroup of the Herero tribe are pastoralists with limited horticulture of maize to subsidize their cattle products. These cattle are divided into secular and religious wealth. The religious wealth is inherited from father to eldest son. The religious inheritance of the OvaHimba is called the Oruzo. Oruzo is the religious aspect which I focused on in my studies of genealogy and ancestor worship among the …

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What Are Shoshone Knives?, Cindy A. Eccles Feb 2014

What Are Shoshone Knives?, Cindy A. Eccles

Journal of Undergraduate Research

This research project began in pursuit of three goals: (1) establishing the temporal and spatial distribution of distinctive stone blfaces labeled as “Shoshone” knives, (2) determining the function and range of morphological variability of these bifaces and (3) ascertaining whether the label “Shoshone” knives, which centers on ethnic affiliation, is appropriate. Use of this term also raises the issue of style versus function as a cause for the distinctive shape of this biface. Studying this element of the archaeological record will further our understanding of the little studied Late Prehistoric and Protohistoric eras.

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