Social and Behavioral Sciences | Open Access Articles

Andrew Scull, Madness In Civilization: A Cultural History Of Insanity From The Bible To Freud From The Madhouse To Modern Medicine. Princeton University Press, 2015., Michael Palencia-Roth

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.

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Comparative Civilizations Review Style Sheet, Comparative Civilizations Review

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.

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J. D. Vance, Hillbilly Elegy: A Memoir Of A Family And Culture In Crisis. Harpercollins, 2016., Laina Farhat-Holzman

Comparative Civilizations Review

The growing gap in the traditional trajectory from poverty to middle class may have less to do with color than with culture. We can see during this present election process the anger and distress of poor white men, flocking to the rallies of candidate Donald Trump. These men, who were once doing well during the post-WWII era, when our country was a manufacturing giant, are now victims of a changing economy.

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Johan Galtung, World Politics Of Peace And War. Hampton Press, 2015., Michael Andregg

Comparative Civilizations Review

This 2015 book published by Hampton Press, New York, NY, has 192 pages of text in 12 chapters, an appendix on trends and predictions, an index, 5 figures and 22 tables. Its author is Johan Galtung, an undoubted world leader in development of “peace studies,” an emerging field, which I have watched emerge. The book is based on a series of lectures he taught at Princeton and other universities from 1985-2000. He has reflected deeply on his geopolitical theory of peace and war since then of course, in many venues not least the Transcend, Global, on-line Peace University, which he …

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Full Issue, Comparative Civilizations Review

Comparative Civilizations Review

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End Matter, Comparative Civilizations Review

Comparative Civilizations Review

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I Wish: Multigenerational Regrets And Reflections On Teaching Children About Money, Ashley B. Lebaron, E. Jeffrey Hill, Christina M. Rosa, Travis J. Spencer, Loren D. Marks, Joshua T. Powell

Faculty Publications

Millennials are struggling to meet current financial challenges. As we strive to improve financial capability in future generations, it is important that we look to the primary source of financial education: parents. This qualitative, multigenerational study explored what Millennials and their parents and grandparents (N = 153) wish they had been taught about finances by their parents, as well as what parents and grandparents wish they had taught their children. Thematic content coding of the interviews revealed three core “I Wish” themes: “Practical Knowledge,” “Financial Stewardship,” and “Open Communication.” These findings can assist researchers, family life educators, financial educators, …

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The Effects Of Class-Wide Function-Related Intervention Team (Cw-Fit) Tier 1 In A Middle School Special Education Classroom, Robyn Katie Wright

Theses and Dissertations

Middle school special education teachers are often concerned about challenging behavior. In recent years, school wide positive behavior support (SWPBS) has been shown to be effective in improving students behavior. Class-wide Function-related Intervention Teams (CW-FIT) is a SWPBS-based program designed to for implementation at the classroom level. CW-FIT utilizes an interdependent group contingency by utilizing social skills training, teacher praise, and positive reinforcement to improve students behavior. Students are taught how to achieve specific social skills and then work in teams, using these social skills, to earn a group reward. CW-FIT has been effective in elementary general education classrooms. It …

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"Sure It's Foreign Music, But It's Not Foreign To Me" Understanding K-Pop's Popularity In The U.S. Using Q Sort, Janice Kim Cho

Theses and Dissertations

Korea has become a strong influencer of global popular culture. With a handful of Korean celebrities entering mainstream U.S. pop music, Hallyu, the Korean Wave, has been growing tremendously in popularity. Following this global trend, American audiences are increasingly tuning into K-pop. The current study uses Q-sort methodology to investigate the motives, opinions, and attitudes of American fans of K-pop, specifically to find what drives people to seek music whose roots lie in an unfamiliar cultural landscape. Study results show that non-Korean K-pop fans in the United States fall into three distinct groups: the human lovers ("Honey honey, how you …

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The Post-Revolutionary Roles Of Fidel Castro: A Semiotic Analysis Of Cuban Political Posters, 1959-1988, Meghan Elizabeth Payne

Theses and Dissertations

This study employs semiotic methods to identify the post-revolutionary roles of former Cuban President Fidel Castro in order to classify the transformations of his character portrayal over time. Informed by Goffman's framing theory as well as suggestions of agenda-setting and priming, this qualitative study analyzes 19 propaganda posters for communications of encoded messages. In this medium, the research explores thematic patterns of sociopolitical and sociocultural signs which add to the richness of Castro's appeal. In addition to providing a unique perspective on interrogating visual images, this study offers a better understanding of the influential power of professional design and the …

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A Content Analysis Of The Portrayal Of Refugees In U.S. News Media, Tambi Farouk Issac

Theses and Dissertations

This content analysis examined the portrayal of refugees in the United States by comparing four online news outlets—two conservative outlets: Fox News and Breitbart; and two liberal outlets: CNN and The New Yorker. Fox News and CNN are the most popular outlets among conservatives and liberals, respectively, while Breitbart and The New Yorker are the most polar. The study explored whether the frames used by online U.S. news outlets differ based on the ideological leaning of the outlet, specifically in regards to stories about refugees. Media outlets can influence the public opinion by controlling what they publish and …

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Nature Or Nurture In English Academic Writing: Korean And American Rhetorical Patterns, Sunok Kim

Theses and Dissertations

For many years, linguists, ESL writing teachers, and especially students have puzzled over the phenomenon where non-native English writers' sentences are grammatically correct, but their paragraphs and complete essays often appear illogical to native English speaking readers. From the perspective of Kaplan's original contrastive rhetoric theory where American rhetoric is "linear," Korean L2 writers' apparently circular rhetoric causes problems. Even though Korean writers are trying to write paragraphs that are logical for native English readers, this illogical output results in Korean ESL students being perceived as poor writers. In order to discover more about the nature of the rhetorical problems …

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Transcendence Matters: Do The Ways Family Members Experience God Meaningfully Relate To Family Life?, Hilary Dalton, David C. Dollahite, Loren D. Marks

Faculty Publications

As more Americans continue to move away from an institutional approach to religion and spirituality to a more personal approach, it is important to explore the ways that personal perspectives about God influence various aspects of life including family life. This study explored how participants viewed and experienced God as an authority figure (Directive Transcendence), as a close confidant (Intimate Transcendence), or as both (Authoritative Transcendence). In-depth interviews with 198 religious families from across America were analyzed using a team-based qualitative approach. These analyses revealed that participants experienced God as both an authority figure and as a close confidant. Both …

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Parenting And Digital Media, Sarah Coyne, Jenny Radesky, Kevin Collier, Douglas A. Gentile, Jennifer Ruth Linder, Amy I. Nathanson, Eric E. Rasmussen, Stephanie M. Reich, Jean Rogers

Faculty Publications

Understanding the family dynamic surrounding media use is crucial to our understanding of media effects, policy development, and the targeting of individuals and families for interventions to benefit child health and development. The Families, Parenting, and Media Workgroup reviewed the relevant research from the past few decades. We find that child characteristics, the parent-child relationship, parental mediation practices, and parents’ own use of media all can influence children’s media use, their attitudes regarding media, and the effects of media on children. However, gaps remain. First, more research is needed on best practices of parental mediation for both traditional and new …

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Screen Violence And Youth Behavior, Craig Anderson, Brad J. Bushman, Bruce D. Bartholow, Joanne Cantor, Dimitri Christakis, Sarah Coyne, Edward Dnonnerstein, Jeanne Funk Brockmyer, Douglas A. Gentile, C. Shawn Green, Rowell Huesmann, Tom Hummer, Barbara Krahé, Victor C. Strasburger, Wayne Warburton, Barbara J. Wilson, Michelle Ybarra

Faculty Publications

Violence in screen entertainment media (ie, television, film, video games, and the Internet), defined as depictions of characters (or players) trying to physically harm other characters (or players), is ubiquitous. The Workgroup on Media Violence and Violent Video Games reviewed numerous meta-analyses and other relevant research from the past 60 years, with an emphasis on violent video game research. Consistent with every major science organization review, the Workgroup found compelling evidence of short-term harmful effects, as well as evidence of long-term harmful effects. The vast majority of laboratory-based experimental studies have revealed that violent media exposure causes increased aggressive thoughts, …

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Internet Gaming Disorder In Children And Adolescents, Douglas A. Gentile Phd, Kira Bailey Phd, Daphne Bavelier Phd, Jeanne Funk Brockmyer Phd, Hilarie Cash Phd, Sarah M. Coyne, Andrew Doan Md, Phd, Donald S. Grant Phd, C. Shawn Green Phd, Mark Griffiths Phd, Tracy Markle Ma, Lpc, Nancy M. Petry Phd, Sarah Prot Phd, Cosette D. Rae Msw, Florian Rehbein Phd, Michael Rich Md, Dave Sullivan Lcsw, Elizabeth Woolley Ascis, Kimberly Young Phd

Faculty Publications

The American Psychiatric Association recently included Internet gaming disorder (IGD) as a potential diagnosis, recommending that further study be conducted to help illuminate it more clearly. This paper is a summary of the review undertaken by the IGD Working Group as part of the 2015 National Academy of Sciences Sackler Colloquium on Digital Media and Developing Minds. By using measures based on or similar to the IGD definition, we found that prevalence rates range between ∼1% and 9%, depending on age, country, and other sample characteristics. The etiology of IGD is not well-understood at this time, although it appears that …

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11.1

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

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End Matter 11.1

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Effects Of Football-Related Concussions On Cognitive Function

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

In literature review, I examine the current research on football-related concussions and their effects on cognitive performance. A concussion is defined as a blow to the head which results in injury to the brain. Concussions are often difficult to diagnose as they do not leave any radiological variation that can be measured via MRI. Concussions were first observed in boxing during the 1920s, but research on concussions has been slow to gain momentum until recently. As empirical research has gained prominence, both short- and long-term effects of concussions have come to light. Significant cognitive effects of concussions include depression, links …

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The Importance Of Peer-To-Peer Grooming Among Non-Human Primates

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Among non-human primates, grooming is a common practice. Research has shown that there are many underlying reasons why non-human primates groom. It is not completely altruistic or selfish but is often a resource traded for food, mating access, protection, and other social benefits. It can be used to achieve higher social rank as the bonds formed from grooming help primates climb the social ladder. There are other advantages of grooming, which include increased social bonding, mating access, and offspring support

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Toilet Training: The Benefits Of A Passive-Permissive Approach

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Toilet training is a process that every child must go through, but there is often confusion among parents and caregivers about which training method is best to use. Toilet training methods can usually be divided into two categories: systematic control and passive-permissiveness. Systematic control is a method based on operant conditioning and is intended to train children faster. Passive-permissive training is a child-centered approach that focuses on training at children's natural pace. This article is a review of the academic research associated with the two methods, and is a summary of the risks and benefits involved with each. Findings suggest …

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Children And Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Developing Role Of Technology In Teaching Communication Skils

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often struggle to learn effective communication skills. Researchers have asserted that the best methods for teaching correct communication skills to these children involve technological tools, such as videos, music, and graphics. Implementing these tools into the public school systems and the homes of children with ASD has been shown to improve their development of communication skills and includes educating teachers and parents about the positive effects that utilizing the tools can bring to the daily lives of children with ASD. When and how to implement these tools may depend on a child's level …

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Cultivating Integrity Through Transformational, Servant, And Ethical Leadership

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Today's business world is facing challenges in ethics and moral practice. Though these issues are found among employers and employees of all levels, the leaders of an organization can work to address such issues through leadership styles that emphasize a meaningful employer-employee relationship and honest workplace behavior. The present article discusses the transformational, servant, and ethical leadership styles within the workplace and their effects on employees. Implementing such styles will not only lead to a decrease in unethical workplace behavior, but will also enable individuals to gain a stronger sense of self-identity and integrity. This results in stronger performance for …

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Pornography Use In Romantic Relationships

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Despite the increasing attention to pornography as a research topic over the past 20 years, little research has explored the relation between pornography use and both sexual satisfaction and infidelity in a romantic relationship. Research results consistently show that pornography use is positively correlated with infidelity in romantic relationships, but the evidence is mixed for short-term versus long-term sexual satisfaction. Pornography use is positively associated with short-term sexual satisfaction but not necessarily long-term satisfaction. However, studies of self-esteem and delay of gratification indirectly suggest that pornography use has a negative influence on long-term sexual satisfaction.

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The Psychological Benefits Of Awe

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Experiencing awe is beneficial to mental health. Benefits of experiencing awe include the decreased severity of typical symptoms of depression, enhanced self-perception of the quality of life, and increased drive to improve one's future. Despite these benefits, the experience of awe is rarely implemented in treatment programs for physical or mental illness. Although it is not assumed that awe alone can "cure" depression or posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD), for example, I suggest that elicited awe should play a greater role in treatment programs.

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Perfectionism And Depression In The Development Of Anorexia In Girls

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Many factors can play a role in the development of anorexia, including genes, social issues, extreme dieting, stressful life events, personality traits, and cultural influences. However, many studies have found perfectionism and depression to be strongly correlated with the development of eating disorders. In this literature review I critique published findings and consider the limitations of published research on anorexia. I examine certain factors that play a role in the development of anorexia, as well as the relative strength of each factor, with particular attention to the characteristics of perfectionism and depression and how they interact with each other in …

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Iq: Greatly Influenced By Early Family Life

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

For many years, psychologists and researchers have been interested in the nature and nurture debate with regards to IQ. Some have claimed that IQ is something that can be passed on through genetics and is an inherited trait. Others have declared that IQ level is not something passed on through genetics, but rather something determined by experiences one has in his or her life. This review was created to discuss how a child's IQ may be affected by early family life, a factor that requires more attention in the literature. This report will discuss how early child-parent experiences, intimate relationships …

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Self-Worth In The Development And Treatment Of Eating Disorders

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Eating Disorders (EDs) involve a consuming drive for thinness. They cause significant physical and psychosocial impairment. A core commonality between EDs is the overvaluation of body weight and shape as a measure of selfworth. The purpose of this paper is to review the importance of self-worth perception in the development and treatment of EDs in women and girls. Women and girls with EDs tend to believe their worth comes from body weight and shape, as opposed to intrinsic sources. Self-worth can interact with other factors such as relationships, body dissatisfaction, and perfectionism in ED development. A major goal of treatment …

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Effects Of Media Use On Mental Health Among Adolescents And Emerging Adults

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Media, such as the use of the internet and watching television, allows for quick communication between people, but overexposure to such media is correlated with social anxiety and clinical depression (Becker, Alzahabi, & Hopwood, 2013; Dalbudak et al., 2013; Dittmar, 1994; McNaughton-Cassill, 2001). Media usage is pervasive in our society, especially among adolescents and college students (Dittmar, 1994; Rideout, Foehr, & Roberts, 2010; Romer, Bagdasarov, & More, 2013). Symptoms of these mental illnesses are correlated with all forms of media, and can be influenced by the content of the media as well (Madan, Mrug, & Wright, 2013). Excess use of …

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Front Matter 11.1

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Andrew Scull, Madness In Civilization: A Cultural History Of Insanity From The Bible To Freud From The Madhouse To Modern Medicine. Princeton University Press, 2015., Michael Palencia-Roth

Comparative Civilizations Review

Comparative Civilizations Review Style Sheet, Comparative Civilizations Review

Comparative Civilizations Review

J. D. Vance, Hillbilly Elegy: A Memoir Of A Family And Culture In Crisis. Harpercollins, 2016., Laina Farhat-Holzman

Comparative Civilizations Review

Johan Galtung, World Politics Of Peace And War. Hampton Press, 2015., Michael Andregg

Comparative Civilizations Review

Full Issue, Comparative Civilizations Review

Comparative Civilizations Review

End Matter, Comparative Civilizations Review

Comparative Civilizations Review

I Wish: Multigenerational Regrets And Reflections On Teaching Children About Money, Ashley B. Lebaron, E. Jeffrey Hill, Christina M. Rosa, Travis J. Spencer, Loren D. Marks, Joshua T. Powell

Faculty Publications

The Effects Of Class-Wide Function-Related Intervention Team (Cw-Fit) Tier 1 In A Middle School Special Education Classroom, Robyn Katie Wright

Theses and Dissertations

"Sure It's Foreign Music, But It's Not Foreign To Me" Understanding K-Pop's Popularity In The U.S. Using Q Sort, Janice Kim Cho

Theses and Dissertations

The Post-Revolutionary Roles Of Fidel Castro: A Semiotic Analysis Of Cuban Political Posters, 1959-1988, Meghan Elizabeth Payne

Theses and Dissertations

A Content Analysis Of The Portrayal Of Refugees In U.S. News Media, Tambi Farouk Issac

Theses and Dissertations

Nature Or Nurture In English Academic Writing: Korean And American Rhetorical Patterns, Sunok Kim

Theses and Dissertations

Transcendence Matters: Do The Ways Family Members Experience God Meaningfully Relate To Family Life?, Hilary Dalton, David C. Dollahite, Loren D. Marks

Faculty Publications

Parenting And Digital Media, Sarah Coyne, Jenny Radesky, Kevin Collier, Douglas A. Gentile, Jennifer Ruth Linder, Amy I. Nathanson, Eric E. Rasmussen, Stephanie M. Reich, Jean Rogers

Faculty Publications

Faculty Publications

Faculty Publications

11.1

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

End Matter 11.1

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Effects Of Football-Related Concussions On Cognitive Function

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

The Importance Of Peer-To-Peer Grooming Among Non-Human Primates

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Toilet Training: The Benefits Of A Passive-Permissive Approach

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Children And Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Developing Role Of Technology In Teaching Communication Skils

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Cultivating Integrity Through Transformational, Servant, And Ethical Leadership

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Pornography Use In Romantic Relationships

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

The Psychological Benefits Of Awe

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Perfectionism And Depression In The Development Of Anorexia In Girls

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Iq: Greatly Influenced By Early Family Life

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Self-Worth In The Development And Treatment Of Eating Disorders

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Effects Of Media Use On Mental Health Among Adolescents And Emerging Adults

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Front Matter 11.1

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology