Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Obstetrical Care In The Baffin Region, Northwest Territories: Geographical, Medical And Cultural Perspectives, Christine Clara Earnshaw

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

In the Baffin Region, and other regions of the Canadian Arctic, geographic impediments and the history of southern-based health care delivery have influenced the present health care delivery and service. This is especially the case for obstetrical care since the whole process of childbirth has been transformed into a medical issue administered mainly by southern, non-Inuit health care workers and policy makers. Using 350 maternal and infant health records from the Baffin Regional Hospitals from September 1993 to September 1994, variables such as maternal age, fertility rates and low birth weight rates were calculated for communities in the region to …

Higher-Order, Multiplicatively Weighted Voronoi Diagrams: A New Approach To Trade Area Analysis, Robert William South

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Trade area models have traditionally been classified into one of two groups: spatial monopoly models or market penetration approaches. Spatial monopoly models define trade areas in a deterministic manner, while market penetration models construct market areas that are probabilistic. Past research has grouped Voronoi diagram models exclusively with the spatial monopoly approach. However, the research contained within this thesis demonstrates that Voronoi diagrams can be used to generate trade areas that are consistent with market penetration models. This thesis introduces two new Voronoi diagrams: the order-k, multiplicatively weighted Voronoi diagram (OKMWVD) and the ordered order-k, multiplicatively weighted Voronoi diagram (OOKMWVD). …

Health Of The Older African-American Population, Dana M. Hardy

Theses

Health promotion and disease prevention has made a major impact in the United States in the past 20 years. However in terms of disease and risk behavior minority groups in this country are not uniformly disadvantaged. African - Americans had age - adjusted mortality rates well above the rates of white Americans, whereas Hispanic Americans have rates that are comparable to white Americans. Asians and Pacific Islanders and American Indians and Alaska Natives have mortality rates lower than white Americans.

The challenge for chronic disease prevention among minority groups is to get the attention of church and other community leaders …

Managed Care And The Impact On Senior Adults, Melissa Breville

Theses

Managed care companies are advocating changes in the health care market and demanding changes in the delivery of health care services to the elderly. The managed care companies are focusing on wellness and prevention of illness for senior adults. Seniors are focusing on wellness and prevention by changing lifestyles as they gain knowledge about health care.

The managed care industry and elderly population are viewing health care as a basic right not a luxury. The collaboration of the elderly and managed care companies can yield results in improved health care access and delivery.

Because seniors have criticized health care organizations …

Juvenile Delinquency And Adult Aggression Against Women, Michelle Kalra

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The present research assessed whether males who exhibited delinquent acts in their youth would be likely to demonstrate aggression against women as adults. Attitudinal information was also collected to see whether attitudes supporting aggression would mediate the relation between juvenile delinquency and adult aggression against women. Male undergraduates (N = 185) responded to a 68-item, comprehensive measure of delinquency that included five subscales (Official Contact, School and Family Offenses, Serious Crime, Delinquency, and Drug Offenses), three attitudinal measures (Rape Myth Acceptance, Adversarial Sexual Beliefs, and Acceptance of Interpersonal Violence) and two measures of aggression against women (Sexual Experiences Survey and …

The List-Strength Effect And Categorical Frequency Memory: Tests Of Availability, Joanne Bonanno

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The availability view of memory mantains that the retrieval of categorical frequency information is a function of recall of category exemplars. The List-Strength Effect (LSE), which is evidenced when increasing the strength of competing items in a list reduces memory for the other items, has been found to be a characteristic of recall, but not recognition, performance. The present study was designed to (a) further examine the relationship between cued recall and frequency judgments of category exemplars by testing for the presence of a LSE in categorical frequency estimation; and (b) to examine the role that estimation strategies may play …

Towards The Well-Being Of Immigrant And Refugee Children: A Community-Based Approach, Adrine Mckenzie

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The main purpose of this study was to identify the risk and protective factors at the individual, family, school, and community level which may influence the adaptation of immigrant and refugee children to Canadian society. The participants included teachers, newcomer parents and grade 2-5 children from various cultures. Quantitative and qualitative data were used to provide information on the child’s academic and social skills, the family’s social support networks, and the community’s resources. Differences in the experiences of immigrant and refugee families were found in the transition to the new country. Also noted were variations across cultural groups and across …

Empowerment In The Workplace: A Qualitative Study, Dale Burt

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Sexual assault, sexual abuse, wife assault, andl sexual harassment are perpetrated, most often by male acquaintances, on an overwhelming proportion of women. many analyses of male violence propose that gender inequality and gender role socialization maintain abusive attitudes and behaviours within our culture. Adolescents comprise an important audience for violence prevention efforts. However, a review of high school programmes focused on prevention of sexual assault raises questions about the effectiveness of traditional lecture formats. Peer-based drama interventions provide an active, experiential form of learning which may be especially effective with adolescents. I used a qualitative, emergent design to investigate nine …

Lessons Learned In The Heart Need To Be Changed In The Heart': The Development And Evaluation Of A Primary Prevention Intervention Of Men's Violence Against Women, Patrick Fisher

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This thesis presents an evaluation of primary prevention intervention working towards ending men’s violence against women. In 1995, a committee was created by the Waterloo Regional Public Education Committee for the Prevention of Violence and Oppression Against Women and Children to develop a presentation kit on the topic of men’s violence against women. The presentation kit is to be used by staff and volunteers from the local agencies in talking to groups of men about violence against women. The presentation kit provides background materials about violence against women, the philosophy behind the development of the kit, instructions on how to …

The Role Of Parental Authoritarianism And Religiosity In Child-Rearing Goals And Practices, Henry Akuoko Danso

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Do one's religion and authoritarian attitudes affect child-rearing techniques? Research suggests that factors such as religious orientation, educational attainment and authoritarian attitudes of parents are implicated in their child-rearing goals and practices (e.g., Wiehe, 1990). Also, parents' fundamentalist religious orientation is associated with an authoritarian norm of parenting, which involves greater emphasis on obedience and the use of punitive disciplinary practices (Ellison & Sherkat, 1993a; 1993b). 83 mothers and 71 fathers participated in a survey to examine how parents' religious orientation and their endorsement of right-wing authoritarian attitudes are linked to the kinds of goals they establish for their children, …

Item Versus Associative Information: A Comparison Of Forgetting Rates With And Without Recollective Experience, Angela Consoli

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Past experiments examining the relationship between recognition memory and the recollective experience has consistently focused on single word stimuli. The present study was designed to assess the nature of this relationship with associative information in addition to item information. Two experiments are reported in which participants studied a list of random word pairs, and were subsequently given a recognition memory test for both item and associative information. Of those recognized events, participants were asked to indicate which words or word pairs they could and could not recollect from the study phase. Participants returned either 2 and 7 days later (Experiment …

The Use Of Drama To Explore Violence Within Relationships: A Study Of Young Men's Experiences, Tammie Brunk

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Sexual assault, sexual abuse, wife assault, andl sexual harassment are perpetrated, most often by male acquaintances, on an overwhelming proportion of women. many analyses of male violence propose that gender inequality and gender role socialization maintain abusive attitudes and behaviours within our culture. Adolescents comprise an important audience for violence prevention efforts. However, a review of high school programmes focused on prevention of sexual assault raises questions about the effectiveness of traditional lecture formats. Peer-based drama interventions provide an active, experiential form of learning which may be especially effective with adolescents. I used a qualitative, emergent design to investigate nine …

Forum Theatre From A Community Psychology Perspective, Holt Sivak

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Having responded to a request from Community Justice Initiatives of Waterloo Region to enact a Forum Theatre presentation, I have here described the process that took place and evaluated that process from a community psychology social action perspective. Participants included both drama troupe members and audience participants who were attempting to utilise Forum Theatre to further their understanding of and to help prevent sexual abuse in their community. Forum Theatre is an issue analysis and social change process derived from the work of Augsto Boal, and adapted for use in a Canadian social service setting. The process closely parallels that …

Selective Incentives And The Formation Of Interest Groups: The Case Of The Canadian Federation Of Students (Cfs), Peter Dow Arthur

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This study focuses on the factors that motivate individuals to participate in the affairs of collective action organizations and ultimately take up leadership responsibilities. The leadership of the Canadian Federation of Students (CFS) is used as a case study because it is an organization that purports to represent the interest of students in post-secondary institutions in Canada. The study employed personal interviews as the main method of data collection. The interviews were semi-structured since certain questions were asked as a result of the responses given to questions in the interview schedule. The interviews enabled the researcher to probe into the …

The Invisible Weavers: Women Volunteers Creating Community Fabric, Lorie Anne Fioze

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

In this study I examined women's caring in community volunteer work in the context of a neighbourhood community centre. More specifically I studied what women's volunteer experience at the Chandler-Mowat Community Centre (CMCC) revealed about: (1) Motivators what motivated women to participate in community volunteer work, (2) Facilitators what personal, family organizational, community and social factors facilitated women's involvement in volunteer work, (3) Barriers what personal, family, organizational, community and social factors inhibited women's involvement in community volunteer work, (4) Positive and Negative Impacts what the positive and negative impacts of women's volunteer involvement on the women themselves, their families, …

Development And Validation Of A Tool To Measure Temporal Orientation, Yolanda Martins

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Individuals are thought to differ in the extent to which their day-to-day thoughts, feelings, and fantasies focus on the past or future (i.e., temporal orientation). This thesis describes the continued development of a multidimensional measure of temporal orientation that includes the following four subscales: (1) negative future orientation, (2) positive future orientation, (3) negative past orientation, and (4) positive past orientation. Two studies were conducted. In study one, 921 introductory psychology students completed the thirty-item Temporal Orientation Scale (TOS). Based on analyses of the 30-item initial version of the scale, a refined 21-item version of the TOS was developed. In …

Supervised Access: A Qualitative Programme Evaluation, Bonnie Ann Gagne

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This qualitative evaluation examined the custodial and noncustodial parents' and children's experiences of using a supervised access programme. There were a total of forty-three interviews completed using open-ended questions. Both custodial and noncustodial parents clearly reported that if supervised access was not available, the child(ren) would not have contact with the noncustodial parent. In general, parents were grateful for the service being offered. Unfortunately, in some cases, the parents stated that the programme acted as an obstacle in allowing the family to progress. With respect to the children, even though custodial and noncustodial parents attempted to lessen the impact of …

Women's Experiences In The Community After Leaving A Shelter, Susan Elizabeth Gadbois

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

No abstract provided.

A Formative Evaluation Of The Ontario Breast Cancer Information Exchange Project, Michelle Marie Monforton-Everest

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

In 1993 The Government of Canada allocated 2.7 million dollars to fund five Breast Cancer Information Exchange Pilot Projects for five years. The Ontario Breast Cancer Information Exchange Project (OBCIEP) is one site of this innovative approach to linking breast cancer stakeholders and women with breast cancer and coordinating available information sources to improve access to information about breast cancer for women, their families and health care professionals. Formative evaluations are conducted to learn from a novel program such as the OBCIEP. This paper outlines a collaborative approach to evaluation using qualitative methods and analyses. The results of the evaluation …

Developmental Disability And Grief: Assessing The Impact Of Life Events, Stephanie Dell'aquilla

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The one-dimensional approach of assessing cognitive factors is commonplace in studies investigating people with developmental disabilities. The published literature on grief and people with developmental disabilities was found to be similar in this regard. This study differs by investigating the influence of external social factors on the grief of people with developmental disabilities. A qualitative methodology of semi-structured interviewing was used to collect descriptive information from people with developmental disabilities about their social experiences and experiences with death. Importantly, this methodology allowed the participants to speak for themselves. The effects of the participants' socialization histories and associated circumstantial losses were …

Toward Developing A Model Of Responsive Pastoral Care For Adult Children Of Divorce, Betty Joanne Scott

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Reports on consequences of parental divorce identify a crucial need for involvement with caring adults in recovery and healing. The literature review includes reports of research and anecdotal surveys of "adult children of divorce." The literature review stimulates questions for qualitative research with a pastoral care focus. The thesis incorporates discussion about the church's role in helping individuals recover from divorce pain. It addresses contemporary concerns in group function, particularly in issues of pastoral care. An underlying assumption is a personal understanding that providing a healing community and participating in healing process is at the core of Christian mission. The …

In Mom And Dad's Shadows: An Exploration Of Family Of Origin Influence On Parenting Styles, Gregory Allan Bassett

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This thesis studies the influence that family of origin upbringing has on current parenting practice. Eight adult children were interviewed, and their experience, past and present, is interpreted within the literature review frame of two broad parent-child interactions: emotional support and parental control. Interviewees' current parenting behaviors are also examined within the literature review discussion on continuity of behavioral patterns between generations. Research findings are then discussed within a theological and pastoral focus on differentiation in family.

The Family System Grief Process As A Communicated Process: Understanding Grief Through Virginia Satir's Growth Model, Glenn Vincent Breen

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This thesis argues that the family system grief process can be understood as a communicated process. Through using Virginia Satir's communication stance theory, and applying it to a case study, this thesis found that when a family member dies, the family system enters a period of chaos. During the chaos time family members may rely on incongruent communication stances to cope with their loss. This incongruent chaotic period families experience is a congruent part of the grief process. Care-givers can help families through appropriately working with them in the chaos and coaching the families to recreate a new harmony and …

Motivations And The Manner In Which Residents Of Trinity Village Care Centre Help One Another (Ontario), Martin Siganda Chitente Mugala

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

A survey was conducted on a sample of 15 seniors living in a nursing home, who had a median age of 79 years. About 93% of them were institutionalized because of poor health; with stroke, dementia and arthritis being the most prevalent diseases. Furthermore, all of them had suffered other forms of significant loss in their lives, including emotional cut-offs and death, with reported feelings of guilt and unresolved grief. While most felt lonely, this problem often tended to be alleviated by factors such as friendships, visits by kin and non-kin, as well as activities and entertainments. Other reasons for …

Adaptation During The Transition From High School To University: An Examination Of Selected Person, Environment And Transition Perception Variables, Sheldon Jacob Birnie-Lefcovitch

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Drawing on conceptual knowledge regarding normative life transitions and primary prevention and using a panel-design survey methodology, this study investigates factors that continue to student adaptation during the move from high school to university. All participants were first-time, full-time, first-semester students enrolled in biological or environmental science programs at a mid-size publicly funded university located in southwestern Ontario. Participants were surveyed twice: once prior to university entry and a second time following completion of their first-semester. The study determined that the vast majority of students view this transition as a normative life event, with most feeling ownership for the decision …

Living With A Memory-Impaired Spouse: (Re)Cognizing The Experience, (Re)Storying Support, Deborah Lynn O'Connor

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Dementia, of which Alzheimer's Disease is the most common, results in severe cognitive deterioration and the victim will become increasingly unable to manage his or her own care needs. Someone else will be required to take on responsibility for attending to these needs. If married, the person most likely to be implicated is the spouse. Research has documented that these spouses are at high risk in the caregiving role, yet are the least likely of all caregivers to utilize formal support. To date, this low use of services has been poorly understood despite concerns that without assistance, these spouses may …

Organization Structure And Structural Change In European Manufacturing Organisations, Derek Pugh, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Geoff Mallory

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The paper considers two approaches to thestudy of the impact of national cultures on thestructure of organizations; viz: culture free andculture bound approaches. Af ter a discussionof the problems of obtaining comparable datain cross-cultural research, the preliminary results of a comparative study of large manufacturing organizations in six countries in Europeare presented. The results suggest that whileformal organizational authority structures appear to be culture free reflecting the impact ofstrategic contingencies, use of coordinationtechniques, such as regular top managementmeetings and task forces, is more affected bycultural factors.

Whither Corporatism?: Political Struggles And Policy Formation In The Ontario Training And Adjustment Board, Neil Bradford, M. Stevens

Neil Bradford

No abstract provided.

Natural Selection And Self-Organization: Dynamical Models As Clues To A New Evolutionary Synthesis, Bruce Weber, David Depew

David J Depew

The Darwinian concept of natural selection was conceived within a set of Newtonianbackground assumptions about systems dynamics. Mendelian genetics at first did not sit well with the gradualist assumptions of the Darwinian theory. Eventually, however. Mendelism and Darwinism were fused by reformulating natural selection in statistical terms. This reflected a shift to a more probabilistic set of background assumptions based upon Boltzmannian systems dynamics. Recent developments in molecular genetics and paleontology have put pressure on Darwinism once again. Current work on self-organizing systems may provide a stimulus not only for increased problem solving within the Darwinian tradition, especially with respect …

A Variational Inequality For Marketable Pollution Permits, Anna Nagurney, Kathy Dhanda

Kathy K Dhanda

No abstract provided.