Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Gender Identity And Academic Confidence Across College Major Fields, Sophie Goodwin

Perspectives

This study aimed to measure college students’ sense of personal efficacy and sense of belonging among various majors, specifically concerning the differences across gender identities. The findings thus indicate whether gender experience and norms impact some majors more than others, demonstrating how a history of male domination in certain fields can be internalized on a population level. A total of 300 respondents from a large public university in the northeast United States completed an online survey. In this survey, questions pertaining to self-reported gender identity; school of the respondent’s major, such as life sciences or liberal arts; and agreement with …

Christian Nationalism In Support For Donald Trump, Anna Maccaroni

Perspectives

This literature review aims to understand Donald Trump’s contradictory and overwhelming support from Christians and especially white evangelicals, considering his public display of non-religious behaviors. Further, this literature review explores the association between Christianity and the Republican party throughout America’s political history, drawing on instances such as Proposition 187 and Donald Trump’s travel ban to display that white evangelicals are motivated to support Trump because of their fear of becoming a minority. These ideas are related to Christian nationalistic ideologies, reflecting that a main supporter of Donald Trump is Christian Nationalism. From a sociological understanding, this literature review analyzes how …

Mental Health In Collegiate Student-Athletes Vs. Non-Student-Athletes, Noah Stansbury

Perspectives

No abstract provided.

Too Fast Of Fashion: A Literature Review On The Destructive Social And Environmental Impacts Of Fast Fashion, Grace Webster

Perspectives

No abstract provided.

Societal Factors Enabling Increased Rates Of Sexual Victimization Within Greek-Life, Erica Stroheker

Perspectives

Throughout this literature review, I will be discussing sexual victimization rates among students who are affiliated with Greek life. I will attempt to answer whether Greek affiliation correlates with higher sexual victimization rates among female students. I will additionally identify if and how college institutions enable sexual victimization rates. This literature review aims to identify a correlation between sexual victimization and Greek life. Along with using socialist feminism theory to understand sexual victimization, this literature review will also discuss terms such as token resistance, rape myth acceptance, and sexual scripts. In reviewing evidence from past studies and literature reviews, I …

The Effects Of Film Viewing On Young Adults’ Perceptions On Love And Intimacy, Leia Krans

Perspectives

No abstract provided.

Does Having Immigrant Parents Affect One’S Use Of Academic Resources?, Sophia Lucas

Perspectives

Almost one-third of the U.S. student population consists of students with immigrant families. This study aimed to analyze whether there were differences in how students with immigrant parents and students without immigrant parents navigate the college system. This was done by specifically looking at parental nativity status (within the U.S. or not) and the use of academic resources on campus. It was performed through a convenience sample of a large North Eastern college and yielded a sample of 300 students. The study hypothesized that students who are first-generation-born were less likely to use academic resources. The majority of respondents were …

Do Images Of The Male Body Within Advertising Impact Male Body Image?, Rachel Obray

Perspectives

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Marijuana Policy And Prejudice Regarding Adult Black Americans, Caitlin Turner

Perspectives

Marijuana policy has been a crucial debate for many years in America. Even with the legalization of marijuana in many states, Black people are still being arrested at an unjustified rate in contrast to white people. These differences have led to the overrepresentation of Black people incarcerated for this low-level crime as a direct result of the aftermath of the War on Drugs. This paper will analyze the effects of the overcriminalization of marijuana, more specifically among Black people. It will question the extent of marijuana policy on the outcomes of Black people versus white people and will discuss what …

Where The Action Is: Positioning Matters In Interaction, Danielle M. Pillet-Shore

Faculty Publications

Position matters. As a conversation analyst examining any form of recorded synchronous human interaction – be it casual or institutional – I constantly monitor for, and organize my collections of target phenomena around structural position: Where on a transcript and when in an unfolding real-time encounter does a participant enact some form of conduct? Because conversation analysis (CA) is primarily focused upon action sequences, I use CA methods to examine the ways in which participants’ audible utterances and visible body-behaviors accomplish particular social actions due at least in part to their positioning within a sequence of interaction – …

Depersonalizing Troubles In Institutional Interaction: Routinizing In Parent-Teacher Conferences, Danielle M. Pillet-Shore

Faculty Publications

This article advances our understanding of institutional interaction by showing when and how it can be advantageous for professionals to treat addressed-recipients as non-unique. Examining how teachers talk about children-as-students during parent-teacher conferences, this investigation illuminates several specific interactional methods that teachers use to depersonalize the focal student’s trouble, delineating as among these the novel practice of “routinizing”—citing firsthand experience with other similar cases. Analysis demonstrates how teachers use routinizing to enact their expertise, both responsively as a vehicle for attenuating and credentialing their advice-giving to parents/caregivers, and proactively to preempt parent/caregiver resistance to their student-assessments/evaluations. This research …

Migration Continues To Fuel New Hampshire's Population Gain, Kenneth M. Johnson

The Carsey School of Public Policy at the Scholars' Repository

In this data snapshot, Carsey Senior Demographer Kenneth Johnson reports that the population of New Hampshire grew by 7,700 (0.55 percent) to 1,395,000 between July of 2021 and July of 2022, according to new Census Bureau estimates. New Hampshire’s population gain was the second largest in New England. The population gain was entirely due to migration. In all, 10,200 more people moved into New Hampshire than left between July of 2021 and July of 2022. Nearly 62 percent of this migration gain was because more people moved here from other states than left, but the state also gained from immigration. …

Recent Data Suggest Rural America Is Growing Again After A Decade Of Population Loss, Kenneth M. Johnson

The Carsey School of Public Policy at the Scholars' Repository

In this data snapshot, author Kenneth Johnson reports that after a decade of population loss, rural America gained population between 2020 and 2021 because migration gains offset a growing excess of deaths over births due to COVID-19. Between 2010 and 2020, nonmetropolitan (rural) America lost population for the first time in history because more people left rural areas than moved to them and because the excess of births over deaths dwindled. Yet, the latest Census Bureau population estimates document renewed population gains in nonmetropolitan America between April 2020 and July 2021. In fact, the rural population gain exceeded that in …

Implementing Just Climate Adaptation Policy: An Analysis Of Recognition, Framing, And Advocacy Coalitions In Boston, U.S.A., Jeffrey T. Malloy, Catherine Ashcraft, Paul Kirshen, Thomas G. Safford, Semra Aytur, Shannon H. Rogers

Faculty Publications

Cities face intersectional challenges implementing climate adaptation policy. This research contributes to scholarship dedicated to understanding how policy implementation affects socially vulnerable groups, with the overarching goal of promoting justice and equity in climate policy implementation. We apply a novel framework that integrates social justice theory and the advocacy coalition framework to incrementally assess just climate adaptation in Boston, Massachusetts in the United States. Boston made an ambitious commitment to address equity as part of its climate planning and implementation efforts. In this paper, we evaluate the first implementation stage over the period 2016–2019 during which Boston developed coastal resilience …

U.S. Fertility Up Slightly, But 8.6 Million Fewer Births Long Term, Kenneth M. Johnson

The Carsey School of Public Policy at the Scholars' Repository

In this data snapshot, Carsey Senior Demographer Kenneth Johnson reports that National Center for Health Statistics data for 2021 show a slight increase in births, rising 1.5 percent from the 2020 level which was a 40-year low. Even with the uptick, the 3,659,000 births in 2021 were the third fewest in 40 years. There is little to suggest a substantial increase in fertility rates in the short term, though preliminary data suggest that births in the first three months of 2022 were higher than in early 2021 when COVID first impacted births.

Contemporary trends continue a birth decline that began …

Growing Racial Diversity In Rural America: Results From The 2020 Census, Kenneth M. Johnson, Daniel Lichter

The Carsey School of Public Policy at the Scholars' Repository

In this brief, authors Kenneth Johnson and Daniel Lichter report that although population declines were widespread between 2010 and 2020, rural America became more racially and ethnically diverse. In part, the recent uptick in racial diversity in rural America is a consequence of White population decline.

Rural America remains predominately non-Hispanic White with 35 million White residents constituting 76 percent of the rural population according to the 2020 Census. This represents a decline from 79.8 percent in 2010. The number of rural residents who are members of a racial or ethnic minority increased to 11 million between 2010 and 2020, …

Conspiracy Vs. Science: A Survey Of U.S. Public Beliefs, Lawrence C. Hamilton

The Carsey School of Public Policy at the Scholars' Repository

In this brief, author Lawrence Hamilton reports the results of a nationwide U.S. survey that asked respondents whether they agreed, disagreed, or were unsure about a series of statements that mixed pseudo-science con­spiracy claims with well-established scientific facts.

Around 10 percent of respondents agreed with conspiracy claims that the Earth is flat, NASA faked the Moon landings, or COVID-19 vaccinations implant tracking microchips. For comparison, 58 to 83 percent agreed with statements of basic scientific facts—such as the Earth is billions of years old, or revolves around the Sun. Although agreement with conspiracy claims was low overall, it was significantly …

"Daylight Maximizing" Time For All, Rebecca Ray

The Carsey School of Public Policy at the Scholars' Repository

Twice a year debates erupt across the continen­tal United States: should we keep Daylight Savings Time or leave it behind for­ever? The only preference with widespread agree­ment is against changing clocks, one way or the other. Perhaps all of the participants in this perennial argu­ment have a common opponent: not each other, but the time zone lines as they are currently drawn.

Keeping Daylight Savings year-round would bring unreasonably late sunrises in Detroit and other cities in the Northwest corners of our current time zones, creating morning traffic hazards for pedestrians. But Standard Time brings winter sunsets before 5 p.m. …

More Coffins Than Cradles In 2,300 U.S. Counties: Covid's Grim Impact, Kenneth M. Johnson

The Carsey School of Public Policy at the Scholars' Repository

In this brief, Carsey Senior Demographer Kenneth Johnson reports that COVID’s impact is reflected in the sharp rise in U.S. deaths, reaching 3,434,000 between July 2020 and July 2021. This is a record high and 20 percent more than two years ago before the COVID pandemic. Births diminished to just 3,582,000, the fewest since 1979. The primary driver of U.S. population growth has long been the substantial surplus of births over deaths. This surplus has now dwindled to just 148,000, compared to 923,000 two years ago—an 84 percent decline. With immigration also at a low ebb, the population grew by …

Rural America Lost Population Over The Past Decade For The First Time In History, Kenneth M. Johnson

The Carsey School of Public Policy at the Scholars' Repository

In this brief Carsey Senior Demographer Kenneth Johnson examines rural demographic trends between 2010 and 2020 using data from the 2020 Census. The economic turbulence beginning with the Great Recession and continuing through the next decade had a significant demographic impact on rural America. Between 2010 and 2020 rural population loss was widespread, with more than two-thirds of all nonmetropolitan counties losing population. With fewer births, more deaths, and more people leaving than moving in, rural America experienced an overall population loss for the first time in history. Population losses were greatest in remote rural counties, but even in rural …

Research-To-Practice, Prevention Innovations Winter Newsletter, Prevention Innovations Research Center

PIRC Newsletter

No abstract provided.

The Liberatory Potential Of Fashion, David Billie Suoth

Honors Theses and Capstones

Fashion has the potential to be liberatory and this can be seen in the ways fashion has been targeted by systems of oppression. Fashion is the use of clothes as a vessel to create a greater social meaning. According to Edward Sapir, the meaning of fashion “while it is primarily applied to dress and the exhibition of the human body is not essentially concerned with the fact of dress or ornament, but with its symbolism” (Barnard, 2007, p. 65). Fashion with the symbolism behind it is able to show the sentiments and attitudes of civilization at different points in history …

Changing Perceptions Of Masculinity And Femininity In America?: Revisiting The Bem Sex-Role Inventory, Sarah Ann Bell

Honors Theses and Capstones

This study replicated previous research regarding college students’ perceptions of personality and character traits as “masculine”, “feminine”, or “neutral .” The sample consisted of 56 undergraduate students recruited from introductory sociology classes at a public university in New England. Participants completed online surveys where they ranked how desirable it is in American society for a man or for a woman to possess each of 60 traits used in the Bem Sex-Role Inventory. While participants ranked some traits as less gendered than 20 years ago, aligning with previous research, they ranked other traits as more gendered than those traits had previously …

Childcare Remains Out Of Reach For Millions In 2021, Leading To Disproportionate Job Losses For Black, Hispanic, And Low-Income Families, Jonathan Koltai, Jessica A. Carson, Tyrus Parker, Rebecca Glauber

The Carsey School of Public Policy at the Scholars' Repository

Using data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Survey, collected in late summer through the fall of 2021, this brief documents recent racial and income disparities in reports of inadequate access to childcare and identifies the employment-related consequences of these shortages.

The authors find that, in Fall 2021, about 5 million U.S. households had a child under age 12 who was unable to attend childcare as a result of it being closed, unavailable, unaffordable, or because parents were concerned about their child’s safety in the past month. Black and low-income households were more likely to experience inadequate childcare access. …

Smallest U.S. Population Growth In History: More Deaths, Fewer Births, And Less Immigration, Kenneth M. Johnson

The Carsey School of Public Policy at the Scholars' Repository

In this brief, author Kenneth Johnson reports that the U.S. population grew by just 393,000 between July of 2020 and July of 2021 according to new Census Bureau estimates—the lowest rate of annual population gain in history and the smallest numeric gain in more than 100 years. Diminished immigration from abroad contributed, but the driver of this minimal population gain was that there were only 148,000 more births than deaths. This is the smallest natural gain in more than 80 years. COVID-19 played a central role in this small population gain. In addition to 475,000 deaths directly attributable to COVID-19 …

New Census Reflects Growing U.S. Population Diversity, With Children In The Forefront, Kenneth M. Johnson

The Carsey School of Public Policy at the Scholars' Repository

In this brief, author Kenneth Johnson reports that the U.S. population grew by a modest 7.4 percent during the past decade to 331.4 million in April 2020. Yet, there was significant variation in the rate and direction of population change among the numerous racial and Hispanic origin groups that together represent the U.S. population. The net result was a significant increase in racial diversity over the course of the decade, both in the population as a whole, and children in particular. Diversity was geographically widespread and increased in every region of the country.

The nation’s growing racial-ethnic diversity increases the …

The Emergence Of Esport During Covid-19: How Sim Racing Replaced Live Motorsport In 2020, Elizabeth Sv Tudor

Journal of Motorsport Culture & History

No abstract provided.

‘Roads?! Where We’Re Going, We Don’T’ Need, Roads’: Framing Online Sim Racing During Covid-19 By Motorsport Forum Participants, Timothy Robeers

Journal of Motorsport Culture & History

No abstract provided.

The Rise Of The Bentley And Broad War Boys: Converting Nascent Automotive And Computer Technologies Into Mainstream Sports, Amee Kim, Elton G. Mcgoun

Journal of Motorsport Culture & History

No abstract provided.

Environmental Sustainability And The Framing Of Formula E Motor Racing In Uk And Flemish Newspapers, Timothy Robeers

Journal of Motorsport Culture & History

Developed in cooperation with the Fédération Internationale d’Automobile (FIA) as motor sport’s governing body, the fully electric racing series Formula E represents itself as a driving force in making the motor sport and automotive industries more environmentally sustainable (hereafter: ES). However, the question remains whether such ES efforts are picked up on by the media, and more specifically newspapers that are still considered a benchmark for in-depth and reflective journalism, despite a dramatic rise of online and social media coverage of sport. Combining a quantitative content analysis with a qualitative framing analysis, this article identified, compared and contrasted frames, and …