Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Reinforcement Psychology And The Market Environment, Richard P. Eastman

Masters Theses

A functional analysis of behavior requires a monopoly of controlling variables. Where contingency-control is mutual, i.e., where there is mutual shaping of shaping, functional analysis of contingency control is impossible. Weingarten and Mechner's notion of 'dependent-contingency* analysis restores some sense here, but not enough to salvage grandiose schemes for monopolistically controlled experimental cultures.

Utopian behaviorists do not realize the scope of functions performed by markets in the human environment. Prediction and control of a dependent-variable culture requires prior elimination of entrepreneurship, (black) markets, and the far-reaching division of labor that is provided only by market coordination. Under such a system, …

A Behavioral System For Supervising Undergraduate Research, Gary D. Gant

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Myth Of Death And Rebirth: Its Manifestation In Contemporary Psychology, Randy Ring

Theses

The thesis, "The Myth of Death and Rebirth: Its Manifestation in Contemporary Psychology," explores the pervasive concept of death and rebirth across historical, religious, and psychological contexts. Beginning with the idea's presence in ancient mythologies like the Osiris myth and Eastern religious beliefs, the thesis highlights how these cultural narratives framed death not as an end but as a necessary transition to renewal. It emphasizes the symbolic role of death/rebirth rituals in premodern societies, where they marked transformative life stages and spiritual initiation.

The work transitions into examining modern psychology, particularly the contributions of Carl Jung and others who identified …

Methods For Increasing Children's Comprehension Of Prosocial Values As Transmitted Through Television Programs, Lissette E. Villanueva

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the effect of intervening commentary and generalization discussions upon the generalization of prosocial values as transmitted through a commercially broadcast prosocial television program. The subjects participating were 50 first graders and 50 third graders. They were randomly assigned to one of five treatment conditions (control, film only, film with commentary, film with generalization, and film with commentary and generalization). Contrary to predications, the intervening commentary used as a means of directing attention to the critical points in the story, did not have an effect upon the comprehension of the values implied in the program. It is suggested …

Sex Differences In Causal Attribution: A Self-Presentation Interpretation, Caroline G. Slane

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Equal numbers of male and female subjects succeeded or failed on an anagram task and made causal attributions explaining their outcomes. Actual outcome was manipulated by varying the difficulty of the anagram task. Half of the subjects were led to believe their scores and ratings would remain private, whereas the other subjects were told they would participate in a group discussion about scores and causal explanations. Manipulation of anticipated privacy level had little effect under conditions of success, but after failure female subjects made relatively modest attributions in the public condition and relatively self-aggrandizing attributions in private. The attributions of …

Habituation And Sensitization Induced By Aggression, Diane Joy Redalia

Masters Theses

Four complex unlearned behaviors (locomotion, grooming, sensory scanning and pausing) induced by electric shock presented every 210" were studied in the presence and absence of an opportunity to attack an aggression target. Three male Wistar rats, approx. 12 mo. old, were observed for 84 hours of the shock presentation schedule. An observer used a modified IMSAI 8048 control computer to record the frequency and duration of locomotion, sensory scanning, grooming and pausing; the computer also controlled shock delivery. The validity of response definitions were asessed by the correlation between the simultaneous observations of the behaviors. Interobserver correlations for all behaviors …

The Effects Of The Opportunity To Engage In Self-Stimulatory Behavior On Task Responding In Retarded Children, Paula Shilton

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Parametric Study Of Geometric Progressive Ratio Performance, Ali Uzunoz

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Physical Attractiveness And Sex-Role Stereotyping On Peer Performance Evaluations, Claire Trimer Edwards

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Each of 216 female and 72 male college students read an essay that supposedly had been written by either a male or a female college freshman on a topic that was either masculine, feminine, or neuter. Photographs attached to the essays were used to create physically attractive and unattractive conditions. Photographs were omitted in the physically anonymous condition, Statistical analyses on six performance variables indicated that physical attractiveness enhanced some evaluations of performance for both male and female essayists in accordance with the what-is-beautiful- is-good stereotype. For male essayists, the attractiveness effect occurred on all essay topics regardless of their …

Menstrual Cycle And Training Effects On Physical Work Capacity, Sarah Jane Miller

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The present study examined the effects of women's menstrual cycles on their capacity to perform physical work. Most of the studies of the effects of the menstrual cycle on performance have reported no differences; however, the lack of demonstrated effects could be attributed, in part, to the inability of experimenters to specify the critical phases of the menstrual cycle. The length of the menstrual cycle (between and within subjects) is more variable than commonly expected and this fact, in combination with the inadequacy of current predictors of phase onset, tends to produce error variability in the menstrual cycle independent variable. …

A Comparison Of The Effects Of Biofeedback And Meditation Treatment On Essential Hypertension, Thomas Lee Molatore

Dissertations and Theses

The repeated-measures experimental design utilized in the present study permitted a controlled comparison of the clinical efficacy of meditation treatment (MT), biofeedback treatment (BT), and pharmacological control (PC) conditions in the reduction of seven dependent variables: (1) within clinic (W-C) systolic blood pressure (SBP), (2) W-C diastolic blood pressure (DBP), (3) outside-clinic (O-C) SEP, (4) O-C DBP, (5) within-session (W-S) SEP, (6) W-S DBP, and (7) antihypertensive medication requirements. Twenty-four medicated subjects with medically .verified essential hypertension were matched by rank-order on sex, age, and mean baseline levels of SBP and DBP, and randomly assigned to MT, BT, or PC …

Masculinity-Femininity As Related To Performance On The Wais M-F Index, Christine Apodaca Muehlenweg

Psychology ETDs

A great deal of past research has focused on the differences between males and females within our society. In particular, cognitive differences have been studied extensively. Males have been found to perform significantly better than do females on tasks involving spatial, numerical, and mechanical abilities, whereas females are often found to perform better than do males on tasks involving verbal abilities and social relations. A large number of researchers have attempted, with varying degrees of success, to relate differential performance in these areas to differences in masculine versus feminine orientation. The present study attempts to relate masculinity­-femininity to differential performance …

Assessment Of Long-Term Effects Of Early Social Isolation: Effects Of Continuous Social Contact, Robert George Frank

Psychology ETDs

The long-term effects of early social isolation in rhesus monkeys have been assumed to be highly similar to those found in young, subadult isolation reared monkeys. Typical methodologies involved the observation of social behavior during brief "encounter" tests. Recent evidence suggests that this procedure may well have obscured important developmental effects. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the social behavior repetoires of fully adult, differentially reared, rhesus monkeys in brief encounter and continuous social contact environmental situations. In a previous study, six monkeys reared for the first 9 months of life in total social isolation, and six …

Comments On The Article By R. E. Tournier “Alcoholics Anonymous As Treatment And As Ideology”, Donald W. Goodwin, Mark B. Sobell, Linda C. Sobell, William Madsen, Robert A. Moore, Chaim M. Rosenberg, Harold W. Demone Jr., Gerald D. Shulman

Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

Stereotype Bias In Selection: A Process Approach, Donald V. Currie

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This investigation was to determine if an applicant’s sex and the job’s sex orientation stereotypes affected the evaluation of applicant information and subsequent selection decision outcomes. Interviewers (N=48) were asked to rate the employment suitability of 49 hypothetical applicants. The results indicated that an interaction of the applicant’s sex and job’s sex orientation had marginal affect on the importance weightings in two of the four applicant attribute factors, motivation/ability and personality/appearance. Applicants with equivalent qualifications did not receive comparable employment suitability ratings, Unfair job discrimination was demonstrated by these data. It was concluded that the applicant’s sex and the job’s …

Driving Records Of Persons Convicted Of Driving Under The Influence Of Alcohol, Stephen A. Maisto, Linda C. Sobell, Pau F. Zelhart, Gerard J. Connors, Terri Cooper

Faculty Articles

The average interval between convictions of driving under the influence decreases from 2 years between first and second convictions to 17, 11 and 8 months, respectively, between the second and third, the third and fourth and the fourth and fifth convictions.

Psychology Gone Awry: An Analysis Of Psychological World Views, Mark P. Cosgrove

Books by Taylor faculty, staff, and administrators

Demonstrating that each of the three major psychological world views—naturalistic, humanistic, and transpersonal—has Its own singular weakness. Mark P. Cosgrove suggests an alternative: Christian theism. "A world view based on Christian beliefs." says Cosgrove. "adequately copes with the weaknesses of modern psychological world views and provides a suitable framework for the study of man and the development of solutions to human problems."

Black Women, Sex-Roles And Psychological Well Being..., M. Jean Peacock

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

Assertiveness Training A Study Of Its Effects With Female Adolescent Delinquents, May Margaret Economy

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Child Abuse And Incest On Self-Esteem And Defensiveness, Joan Sandberg-Palladino

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Hatha Yoga On Self Awareness, Darlene E. Walsh-Martin

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

Women's Psychotherapy And Consciousness-Raising Groups Participants' Perceptions Of Group Experience, Becky White

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

A Content Analysis Of The Portrayal Of The Emotionally Disturbed In Books Popular With Adolescents, Judith A. Heusinkveld

Graduate Research Papers

The major purposes of this research were to analyze the portrayal of emotionally disturbed characters in books which adolescents are reading and to attempt to determine if this portrayal was realistic and balanced in terms of the entire group of books. A panel of experts was used to obtain a sample of ten books. The portrayals of twelve characters from these ten books were analyzed using an inventory of twelve elements which were derived from traditional stereotypes of the emotionally disturbed. The results of this analysis suggested that, for the most part, a realistic and generally balanced portrayal of emotionally …

Nutrition And Mental Development In Children, Patrice L. Engle, Marc Irwin, Robert E. Klein, Charles Yarbrough, John W. Townsend

Psychology and Child Development

No abstract provided.

Differences Between Feminists And Traditionalists In Sexual Communication, Attitudes, And Practices, Elizabeth L. Evans

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Physical Detail On Picture Recognition Memory, Hsuan-Chih Chen

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

The Frequency Of Self-Disclosure Among Mexican American And Anglo American Women, Anthony Zamudio

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between The Motive To Avoid Success & Sex-Role Identification, James Moore Jr.

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

A review of the current literature on the motive to avoid success (Horner, 1972) reveals that no research has focused on now the motive to avoid success relates to masculinity and femininity when they are conceptualized in other than a bipolar dimension. me present study was designed to ascertain the extent to which the motive to avoid success relates to sex-role identifications. The hypotheses that a nigh motive to avoid success would occur with feminine sex -role identification and that masculine or androgynous sex -roles would be related to low or absent motive to avoid success scores were not supported. …

The Extent Of Visual Form Integration, Mark Thomas Kinnucan

Psychology ETDs

The two major theories of masking that have been introduced are integration theory and interruption theory. According to integration theory, visual masking occurs when the target and the mask form an uninterpretable montage. In its simplest form, interruption theory argues that the visual representation of the mask replaces that of the target. The weight of evidence against this form of the theory suggests that a more limited version is more viable. Some evidence has been found for the disruption of integration, which has been called discontinuity detection.

An Insight Into Management Development Programs, Bretta A. Tulbert

Honors Theses

Management development can be defined as any form of training for managers to improve present job performance while preparing them for advancement into higher positions. It involves any attempt by a manager to improve his position by the acquisition of new knowledge, skills, and attitudes in an orderly manner. Management development involves more than a series of presentations; it is a growing process which develops both general and specific interest. This is the responsibility of the company and the individual. The programs should include continuous feedback of results, development of individual career plans, and application of executive development techniques.

Before …