Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Neighborhood Change In New York City: A Case Study Of Park Slope, 1850 - 1980, Timothy James O'Hanlon

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This is a case study about social and economic changes in Park Slope, Brooklyn. Since the 1960's communities in New York City have been undergoing the process of deterioration and abandonment, or alternatively, the conversion of homes and warehouses for upper income families in high rent districts. In Park Slope both of these trends have been occurring. This study aims through an examination of a single community to provide both a comprehensive and comprehensible account of the process of neighborhood change in New York City.

This research describes the pattern of change in Park Slope within the context of the …

Relationships Among Dream Content, Tat Stories And Self-Reports And Effects Of Pre-Sleep Instructions On Home Dreams, Ross E. Keiser

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Spatial Learning As An Adaptation In Hummingbirds, Susan Cole, F. Reed Hainsworth, Alan Kamil, Terre Mercier, Larry L. Wolf

Avian Cognition Papers

An ecological approach based on food distribution suggests that hummingbirds should more easily learn to visit a flower in a new location than to learn to return to a flower in a position just visited, for a food reward. Experimental results support this hypothesis as well as the general view that differences in learning within and among species represent adaptations.

Self-Instruction As A Treatment For Hyperactivity : An Assessment Of Response Generalization, Paul J. Thinesen

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Three hyperactive boys were treated with a self-instruction treatment package utilizing a case study design with a 2 week follow-up. Generalization measures were made to the participants' classroom using the modified Stony Brook observation code. Adjunct measures included three rating scales (completed by the participants' teachers and mothers) and participant performance on the Matching Familiar Figures Test. Treatment session measures and social validity measures were also taken. Following treatment, all participants' level of appropriate behavior increased over baseline levels and was maintained during a 2 week follow-up. These results indicate that self-instruction training resulted in response generaliztion, a significant addition …

A Comparative Study Of Three Methods For Raising Self-Esteem Among The Elderly, Laila Gitelle Melin Davidson

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The self-concept of elderly people as a group is generally considered low. Self-concept is negatively influenced by an external source, i.e., cultural regard, and by the internal or personal adaptive changes of the aging process. To age successfully, positive or high concept of self is considered necessary. The literature indicates that self-concept can be changed. This study tested whether involvement in one of three educational processes (class groups) was effective in raising the self-esteem of the elderly participants. The class groups were (1) Current-Events or Job-Preparation, (2) Psychology, and (3) Memory and Relaxation Techniques. A fourth group, not in an …

Remembering Reactions And Facts: The Influence Of Subsequent Information, Paula T. Hertel

Psychology Faculty Research

Memory for reactions and judgments about a biographical passage was examined following the presentation of subsequent information relevant to the passage. Experiment 1 demonstrated that reaction memory shifted as a function of the type of subsequent information when 3 weeks separated it from the memory test, but not when testing was immediate or when the information was delivered just prior to the delayed test. These results were obtained again in Experiment 2 and contrasted to shifts in memory for· passage facts. Misleading factual information influenced memory for passage facts most when it was delivered just before the delayed recognition test. …

An Objective Measure Of Assertiveness In Children, Deborah K. Price

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

An Examination Of The Verbal-Performance Differences And The Bannatyne Pattern Of The Wechsler Intelligence Scale For Children-Revised, Susan Hanft Bowyer

Masters Theses

Many psychologists use the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Revised (WISC-R) in the diagnosis of learning disabilities. They often place the results of the WISC-R into either the Bannatyne pattern or use the difference between the Verbal IQ and Performance IQ to help determine whether the child is learning disabled or non-learning disabled. This paper examined the feasibility of using either of these methods in determining learning disabilities. The case files of 300 children (211 males and 89 females) between the ages of 5 years, 10 months and 17 years, 3 months (X CA = 10.73 years, SD = …

Analogic Communication As A Method Of Facilitating Change, Patricia Ann Tennery-Williams

Masters Theses

This thesis focused on nonverbal communication and the ways in which it may be employed to facilitate change in the context of psychotherapy. The anthropological, psychological, and medical literature was reviewed, and an overview presented of the relevant research on nonverbal communication. Nonverbal communication forms a critical dimension in the overall communication in the psychotherapeutic interaction. The importance of the therapist’s recognition of nonverbal behaviors characteristic of particular personality structures as well as the functions of nonverbal messages was examined. The utilization of meaningful nonverbal behavior by the therapist can greatly facilitate the client's change into more healthy and constructive …

One-Third Octave Band Augmented Speech Discrimination Testing For Normal Hearing Listeners, Nancy Marie Bowen

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 500 Hz and 3150 Hz one-third octave band augmentation on the speech discrimination ability of normal hearing listeners and whether such effects vary with signal presentation level. The augmented portion of monosyllabic words was systematically varied from 5-55dB above the intensity level of the unfiltered version of the words and presented simultaneously to one ear.

Effects Of Cognitive State, Cognitive Trait, And Subliminal Psychodynamic Activation Upon Competitive Performance, Robert C. Casas

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Cerebral Laterality In The Perception Of Facial Expression Of Human Emotion, Joseph G. Hermes

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Teaching Friendship Making Skills To Emotionally Disturbed Children, Alison Stewart Agras

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Numerous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of teaching children appropriate social skill behavior. The present study investigated a coaching procedure to teach emotionally disturbed children appropriate social skills within the context: of fourteen arts and crafts sessions. Using a multiple baseline across groups design, two groups of four children received training. As a result of training, cooperation behavior showed a moderate change, while eye contact increased substantially for both groups. The behaviors of on task and communication changed only slightly. In addition, these changes generalized to different settings and were· maintained over time. However, praising, receiving praise, as well as …

Assessment Of Heterosocial Performance : Development And Validation Of Self-Report Measures For Men And Women, Patti Lou Watkins

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Heterosocial cognitions, skill, and anxiety were identified as constructs which are components of heterosocial performance. Each of these constructs was defined, and Likert-scale items intended to reflect these definitions were generated. The possibility that these constructs differed for men and women was tested both consensually and statistically. Judges determined the suitability of of each item for each sex, as well as the appropriateness of each item for each construct. Items judged as belonging to the three constructs were assigned to three separate subscales of a self-report measure. The construct validity and reliability of each subscale were determined through, three administrations …

Rational-Emotive Therapy And Progressive Relaxation In The Reduction Of Trait Anxiety Of College Undergraduate Students Who Enroll In Anxiety Reduction Workshops, Thomas Arthur Walsh

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET), Progressive Relaxation (PR), Attention Placebo (AP), and a no-treatment group in reducing levels of trait anxiety in undergraduate students who participated in anxiety reduction workshops. The subjects in this study were fifty-one volunteer male and female undergraduate students from the University of the Pacific, Stockton, California, who chose to participate in a seven session anxiety reduction workshop. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of the four treatment groups. The Attention Placebo procedure consisted of a discussion of learning styles, and the effects that the learning …

The Assessment Of Reflective And Behavioral Social Cognitive Problem Solving Skills In Well-Liked, Aggressive, And Withdrawn Children, Linda Ann Bream

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Recent research suggests that children's ability to solve interpersonal problems is related to their social adjustment. As children are continually confronted with personal and interpersonal problems which they must solve in order to maintain positive peer relations, the study and promotion of effective problem solving skills is of great importance. The aim of the present study was to assess children's responses to hypothetical problem situations as well as to assess their overt behavioral responses in a simulated problem situation. Children were classified as socially effective (well-liked) and socially ineffective (withdrawn and aggressive) on the basis of peer and teacher ratings …

Formal Observation Of Family Interaction During Structured Play, Darell C. Provencher

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The present study explored how behavioral interactions in two-male sibling families during structured play may be affected by the relative ages of siblings and by the interaction situations involved. Six dyadic interaction situations of 30 minutes duration each were observed among members of 12 normal families in their homes, once a week for five consecutive weeks. Families were categorized into three groups: (a) a younger sibling and an older sibling between 2-5 years of age, (b) 2-5 year-old younger sibling and 6-9 year-old older sibling, and (c) a younger sibling and an older sibling between 6-9 years of age. The …

Public Acceptability Of Psychotherapy: The Effects Of Sex, Psychotherapeutic Orientation And Mode Of Presentation, Mark A. Etscheidt

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the public acceptability of psychotherapy. Three major models of psychotherapy were examined: behavior therapy, psychodynamic insight-oriented therapy, and client-centered therapy. The mode of presentation was manipulated based on previous acceptability research which has employed diverse types of stimulus materials. Written, audiotaped, and videotaped dialogues between a client and a therapist were used in this study. The sex of the subject was also of interest in this study. It was hypothesized: (1) that based on previous research, client-centered therapy would be perceived less favorably than either behavior therapy or psychodynamic therapy, (2) that …

Physical Attractiveness: Its Influence On The Perception Of Counselors, Connie H. Sanders

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

60 undergraduate students evaluated male and female counselors on fifteen counselor variables based on listening to a tape recording of a counselor self-introduction paired with an attractive or unattractive picture. Two groups served as control groups; they heard the tape but received no picture. The attractive counselor was perceived as significantly more decisive, interesting, caring, open-minded, likable and better adjusted than the unattractive counselor. These effects were more pronounced for the female counselors than for the male counselors.

Exploratory Study Of A Measure Of Self-Actualization, Norma C. Troncoso

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Two studies were conducted to measure positive personality change expected to occur during four years of a self-actualizing program. The first study computed inter correlations among the scales of the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI) for students in the Psychology and English Departments of a Spanish-speaking college, which were then compared with those reported in the test manual. Generally, correlations were greater than those in the manual, which suggested possible influence by the humanistic and Christian philosophy of the college. The second study examined the effect of training for self-actualization and personality growth on the behavior of a group of psychology …

The Use Of Strategy In The Solution Of Anagrams, Cathleen M. Campbell

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Rewards On Quality And Interest In Initially High Or Low Interest Preschoolers, Naomi Sobel Eisenstein

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

An Evaluation Of The Depressive Attributional Style In A Clinically Depressed And Nondepressed Sample, Donna Munic

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Construct Validity Study Of The Adience-Abience Scale, Loretta E. Lobbia

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Metacommunication Abilities In Schizophrenia: An Empirical Investigation Of The Double Bind Theory, Keith A. Baird

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Behavior Of Depressed Subjects In Impersonal And Interpersonal Situations, Linda. Brownell

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Assessing Psychopathology In Children's Bender Gestalt Performance: A Comparison Of Two Objective Systems, Edward D. Rossini

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

An Intensive Case Study Of A Candidate's Experience, Richard F. Mcgourty

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Psycho-Social Stress And The Use Of Coping Responses In University Students, George Hartwein

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Person-Environment Interaction In Nursing Homes For The Elderly, Stan J. Orchowsky

Theses and Dissertations

There has been a growing interest in recent years in the study of person-environment interaction in the elderly. Several theoretical models have been proposed in the gerontological literature. Each of these models suffers from one or more limitations, including the restriction of requiring that the person and the environment be measured in the same terms, and the difficulty posed by attempting to empirically test the model.

A new model of person-environment interaction in the elderly is proposed here. The model views life satisfaction as the ultimate outcome variable. Feelings of personal control and choice are seen as intervening between life …