Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Support For Non-Therapeutic Research With Incompetent Children An Argument From An Ethical Perspective, Jim Izawa

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The thesis of this paper contends that the judgement rendered in the case re Eve v. “E.” by the Supreme Court of Canada on October 23, 1986, from an ethical perspective demonstrates limitations in the legal judgement. Moreover, the thesis maintains that the legal arguments presented in the judgement are narrowly developed. If this paper should demonstrate the above mentioned, then, it of necessity questions the adequacy of the present case law. It is the hope of this paper that the evaluation of the “Eve” case from an ethical viewpoint will evoke further discussion from both the legal and medical …

Making A Difference: Psychology And The Construction Of Gender, Rachel T. Hare-Mustin , '49, Jeanne Marecek

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

A Longitudinal Test Of A Proposed Vie Theoretic Control Systems Model Of Self-Regulated Human Performance, Vernon A. Peterson

Student Work

Research by Campion and Lord (1982) suggested that the goal-setting process could be explicated by a control systems model of self-regulated behavior. However, as noted by Campion and Lord (1982), the model did not specify the process performers used to select their standards. To address this deficiency and to further specify the control process, I proposed an expanded model of human performance: an integration of VIE theory (Vroom, 1964) and control systems theory (Carver & Scheier, 1981). The model posited that performers select standards of performance based on their motivational force. It also specified when cognitive or behavioral control responses …

The Effect Of Different Approaches To Goal Setting On Goal Commitment, Eileen Mary Piersa

All Master's Theses

This study assesses the goal commitment generated by different approaches to goal setting. The participants were the directors, board presidents, staff, board members and volunteers of two non-profit organizations. One group explored their history as an organization, significant events and the impact of those events before carrying out the same goal setting process as the other group. Self-efficacy was measured before the exercise began. Goal commitment was measured after participants prioritized goals and selected subgoals on which to take action. The hypothesis that cognitively reviewing past history would lead to greater commitment was rejected. A second hypothesis that the self-efficacy …

"Self-Esteem Enhancement: A Personal Approach" Leader's Guide, Jodi L. Hammer

Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006)

This workshop is designed to:

1. Provide participants with an increased understanding of what self-esteem is, its impact on life, and how it can be enhanced.

2 . Assist participants in developing personal action steps to increasing their self-esteem based on a variety of enhancement techniques discussed.

(1990) Fools, Young Children, And Philosophy, David K. Kennedy

Collected Papers of David Kennedy

Like the fool for the king, the modern child of the Romantics represents for the adult original human nature in all its ambiguity and ambivalence. The child's nature, like the fool's, is both fallen and innocent, amoral and beyond morality and what is even more confusing, alternately one or the other. The child's unsocialized presence reveals and exposes the imperfections of the socialized world of adult artifice and hypocrisy. The child's very simplicity seems perverse by reason of the corruption of the adults who so judge him or her. The child is a question put to the adult world, a …

Friendship Potential, Knowledge, Skills, And Expectations Of Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder And Normal Children, Laura A. Taylor

Honors Theses

The present study assessed the differences in the friendship patterns of nonmedicated children with Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and children without the disorder. 22 children with ADHD and 23 normal controls and each of their friends completed an interview designed to evaluate their friendship potential, knowledge, skills, expectations, and quality. These children were divided at age 9 years, 8 months into younger and older groups in order to assess age differences across the variables. Results illustrated that children with ADHD have lower levels of friendship potential than children without ADHD especially in terms of their degree of similarity with their …

When The Equality Rule Is Violated : Factors Affecting Consumption Of Physical, Spatial And Temporal Resources, Caryn E. Herlocker

Honors Theses

Three studies explored the processes by which different types of shared resources were consumed by group members. Subjects shared physical, spatial, and temporal resources. The resources were arranged in either a partitioned or nonpartitioned form. Subjects did so with an implied withdrawal of either onethird or one-twelfth and while participating in either a sharing or an accuracy instruction. Results for each resource provided partial support for a deliberate motive of greed and an inadvertent overestimation bias affecting subjects' withdrawals. The results also suggest that different types of resources may be consumed according to different criteria. Suggestions are made for methodological …

Effect Of Memory Training On Memory Performance, Self-Efficacy Rarings And Patterns Of Attributions In Older Adults, Krista E. Larson

Honors Theses

An investigation of age differences in memory performance for list and text recall was conducted in the context of a training manipulation. It was hypothesized that there would be age differences in performance, measures of self-efficacy, and attributional style, but that training in memory strategies would have an effect on those differences. The training manipulation appeared to be more effective for the list portion of the experiment, and improvements in performance and changes in attributions were induced. The text portion of the experiment revealed the predicted age differences, but training failed to elicit any of the other predicted effects. The …

Visual-Spatial And Set-Shifting Functions In Patients With Parkinson's Disease, Sarah A. Raskin

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) (N=20) were compared to age and education-matched normal control subjects (N=20) on 18 paper-and-pencil neuropsychological measures. These tests were chosen to measure two specific functions. The first set of tests was chosen to measure spatial orientation, and these tests were divided into those that measure personal orientation, extrapersonal orientation, mental rotation, and right/left orientation. The second set of tests was chosen to measure the ability to shift mental set. Hotelling's multivariate T² tests revealed a significant difference between the PD patients and the normal control subjects on the tests chosen to measure set-shifting ability …

The Early Motor Profile: Correlation With The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test Of Motor Efficiency1, Amy N. Spiegel, Kathleen M. Steffens, John E. Ryders, Robert H. Bruininks

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

A correlational study of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency and the Early Motor Pro-file with 109 kindergarten children showed a significant relation between these two measures of mo-tor abilities. These results support use of the latter profile as a measure of motor development in preschool age children.

Erratum: Hemispheric Differences Are Found In The Identification, But Not The Detection, Of Low Versus High Spatial Frequencies, Joseph B. Hellige

Psychological Science Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Hemispheric Differences Are Found In The Identification, But Not The Detection, Of Low Versus High Spatial Frequencies, Joseph B. Hellige

Psychological Science Faculty Works

The processing of sine-wave gratings presented to the left and right visual fields was examined in four experiments. Subjects were required either to detect the presence of a grating (Experiments 1 and 2) or to identify the spatial frequency of a grating (Experiments 3 and 4). Orthogonally to this, the stimuli were presented either at threshold levels of contrast (Experiments 1 and 3) or at suprathreshold levels (Experiments 2 and 4). Visual field and spatial frequency interacted when the task required identification of spatial frequency, but not when it required only stimulus detection. Regardless of contrast level (threshold, suprathreshold), high-frequency …

Social Anxiety And The Recall Of Interpersonal Information, Debra A. Hope, Richard G. Heimberg, John F. Klein

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Sixty subjects classified as high or low in social anxiety participated in a structured heterosocial interaction under conditions of either high or low social-evaluative threat. Following the interaction, subjects were asked to recall detailed information about the interaction partner’s appearance and the content of the conversation. Socially anxious subjects recalled less information and made more errors in recall than nonanxious subjects. Contrary to prediction, social-evaluative threat did not affect recall. Anxious subjects also reported greater self-focused attention during the interaction. High self-focused attention was associated with superior recall for nonanxious subjects but associated with more frequent omission errors for anxious …

Metaphor, Theory, And Practice In The History Of Psychology, David E. Leary

Psychology Faculty Publications

In these chapters we have seen that neuropsychological discourse has been advanced by the use of metaphors from telecommunications, control systems engineering, computer science, holography, and other developments in parallel distributed processing (Pribram, Chapter 2); that theoretical discussions of the emotions have revolved around metaphors of inner feelings, physiological responses, vestiges of animal nature, diseases of the mind, driving forces, and social roles (Averill, Chapter 3); that treatments of motivation have portrayed the human person as a pawn, an agent, a natural entity, an organism, or a machine (McReynolds, Chapter 4); that a vast array of cognitive metaphors have been …

Attributions Of Blame To The Victim And Rapist Of Stranger And Acquaintance Rape Situations Under Attempted And Completed Circumstances, Lisa G. Carlisle

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Age And Experience Effects In Spatial Visualization, Timothy A. Salthouse, Renee L. Babcock, Eric Skovronek, Debora R. D. Mitchell, Roni Reiter-Palmon

Psychology Faculty Publications

Three studies were conducted to investigate effects related to age and experience on measures of spatial visualization ability. All research participants were college-educated men; those in the experienced group were practicing or recently retired architects. The major results of the studies were (a) that increased age was found to be associated with lower levels of performance on several tests of spatial visualization and (b) that this was true both for unselected adults and for adults with extensive spatial visualization experience. These findings seem to suggest that age-related effects in some aspects of cognitive functioning may be independent of experiential influences. …

The Pecking Order, Donelson R. Forsyth

Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications

How can you increase your status? A clearly defined role and a central position in the group's communication network are essential. Good verbal skills and positive body language can help you make the right impression.

Gender Identity Development: A Study Of Caregivers In A Preschool Setting, Salisa Hortenstine Shook

Masters Theses

This study observed the present conditions of attitudes toward gender roles, as communicated by caregivers in eight east central Illinois preschool settings. Two research questions were formulated in order to categorize responses for the purpose of identifying prevailing gender role attitudes. Those questions were: "How do caregivers in a preschool setting affect gender role stereotypes?" and "What are key communication events that may create or perpetuate gender role stereotypes in the preschool setting?" The data was obtained from personal interviews and the Bem Sex Role Inventory. The results indicated caregivers in the preschool setting did not see gender roles and …

Pet And P300 Relationships In Early Alzheimer's Disease, James T. Marsh, Glena Andrews, Warren S. Brown, Walter Riege, Robert Strandburg, Deborah Dorsey, Adrianne Maltese, David Kuhl

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

The P300 (P3) wave of the auditory brain event-related potential was investigated in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease to determine whether P300 latency discriminated these patients from controls and whether prolonged P300 latency correlated with rates of brain glucose metabolism as measured by Positron Emission Tomography. P300 latency was prolonged by more than 1.5 standard deviations from age expectancy in 14 of 18 patients, but none of 17 controls. In these subjects P300 latency was shown to be inversely correlated with relative metabolic rates of parietal and, to a lesser extent, temporal and frontal association areas, but not with subcortical …

Is Psychology Seducing Christianity (Chapter 7 From Christians In The Crossfire), Mark R. Mcminn

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

No abstract provided.

Longitudinal Study Of Diagnoses In Children Of Women With Unipolar And Bipolar Affective Disorder, Constance Hammen, Dorli Burge, Elizabeth Burney Hamilton, Cheri Adrian

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

School-age children of unipolar depressed, bipolar, chronically medically ill, or normal women were diagnosed every 6 months for up to 3 years. Offspring of unipolar women had the highest rates of disorder at all evaluations, but children of bipolar and medically ill mothers also experienced significant rates of disorder. Observing diagnoses from both past lifetime and prospective follow-up assessments, it appeared that most children who had diagnoses had onsets in preadolescence and continued a chronic or intermittent course of disorder. Thus, risk to offspring of ill mothers is not transitory and indicates a pernicious course that commonly includes affective disorders …

Educational Attitudes Of Black, White And Hispanic Mothers, Antonio Ramon Acuna

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Patterns Of Emotion In Child Behavior Checklist Profile Types Among Older Children And Young Adolescents, Michael T. Klinger

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Self In-Relation Model And Sex Differences In Reaction To Marital Termination, Alice C. Chatillon

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Expanding Psychometric Assessment Of Male Impotence Using The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, Nancy Wendel Cummane

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

An Examination Of The Process Of Child Psychotherapy Across Stages In Treatment, Ruth Cliffer Greenthal

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Perceptions Of Juvenile Abuse Victims, Maryjane Thiel

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Adult Perceptions Of Infant Attractiveness As A Function Of Infant Characteristics, Christine Gesell Anderson

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Infant Temperament And Maternal Responsiveness As Predictors Of Attachment At 1 Year, Belinda E. Sims

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.