Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Covert Processes Of Counselors In-Training At The First Practicum Level: A Pilot Study, Eric P. Johnson

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Disease Severity And Psychosocial Adjustment In Pre-Adolescents With Spina Bifida, Jennifer Schneider Hommeyer

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Support Systems And Adolescent Mothers: Effects On Parent-Child Interaction, Kim Jacobs

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Neuroticism And Interest Differentiation, Eileen B. Mcpartland

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

The Development Of Normative Data For The Occupational Stress Inventory Using Fire Fighters, Joseph J. Digiovanni

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Envelope Perception By The Goldfish, Carassius Auratus, Michael F. Chronopoulos

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Uncovering The Reasons Why People Choose To Watch Violence: What Is The Relationship With Anxiety And Fear Of Crime?, Elizabeth Marie Anderson

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Touch In Attachment: Gender Differences And Security Of Attachment, Julie M. Jeffrey

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

A Model For Relapse Prevention In Bulimia, Susan Width

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Peer Relations Of Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Joan Elizabeth Licari

Graduate Research Papers

This paper's main focus is on the peer relations of children with ADHD. Many interventions are used with children who have ADHD. One of the most widely used intervention is medication. The drug that is most associated with ADHD is methylphenidate or Ritalin. Medication, which can reduce some problematic behaviors associated with ADHD, has not been found to be very beneficial in peer relations.

Children who have ADHD are at risk for later psychopathology (mental disorders), among other problems, and thus early interventions are critical to reduce the onset of later pathologies.

This paper is intended to provide an overview …

Contemporary Couple Enrichment: A Critical And Meta-Analytic Review Of Methodology, Terry L. Hight

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of contemporary couple enrichment using currently-accepted standards of meta-analytic research. Twenty-seven published studies that compared enrichment groups to control groups were included in the analyses. The overall mean effect size (0.32), post-treatment effect size (0.35), and follow-up effect size (0.35) for couple enrichment were heterogeneous, positive, and significantly different than 0. Mean effect sizes for both post-treatment and follow-up did not differ significantly, Moderator variables associated with program type, measure type, nature of dependent variable, quality of methodology, measure reactivity, measure specificity, and researcher allegiance significantly improved homogeneity across effect …

The Effects Of Utilizing Positive Ritual Behavior In Marriage On Marital Satisfaction And Intimacy, Rita Valenti

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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The Effects Of A Pre-Therapy Information Audiotape On Client Satisfaction, Anxiety Level, Expectations, And Symptom Reduction, Mark A. Davison

Dissertations

Problem. The effectiveness of pre-therapy information techniques on clients' satisfaction at termination of therapy, increased accuracy of clients' knowledge and expectations, reduction of anxiety, and total symptom reduction remains unclear. No single pre-therapy information preparatory technique has demonstrated positive universal effects.

This research was an attempt to determine the effectiveness of a pre-therapy information audiotape on client satisfaction, accurate knowledge/expectations, reduction of anxiety, and symptom reduction.

Method. The population included 52 voluntary clients who were utilizing the Andrews University Counseling and Testing Center. The clients in the experimental group listened to the pre-therapy information audiotape and were then asked to …

A Survey Of Health Care Personnel's Perceptions Toward Diversity In The Workplace, Jacqueline Elaine Sharpe

Health Services Research Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to explore the diversity climate in a large teaching military hospital by assessing the perceptions of employees regarding the organizational climate, including aspects of the climate related to ethnicity, gender, age, physical ability, sexual orientation, and job level. All 3,176 eligible employees based in the medical center were invited to participate, 1,252 did so (RR = 40%). Participants were 37% minority, 57% females, 25% officer, 30% enlisted, and 45% civilian. Twenty-four percent were at the managerial level. Perceptions of the diversity climate were measured using the Diversity Survey Instrument (the reliability and validity of …

Negative Consequences Of Undergraduate Alcohol Usage : A Multivariate Gender Comparison, Leonald Dean Robinson

Dissertations

Problem. While the literature indicates that many male undergraduates suffer numerous negative consequences from alcohol usage, little is known about what, if any, consequences female undergraduates experience. Therefore, this study empirically tested if female undergraduates, ages 17-24, who share similar demographics, perceptions, and alcohol use locations as male undergraduates, also share similar alcohol usage patterns, negative consequences, and predictors for both.

Method. Secondary analysis was conducted on 1992 and 1993 United States Department of Education CORE Survey data collected from 345 male and 584 female undergraduates at two Midwestern private liberal arts colleges. Frequency, chi-square (p

Results. Both genders' …

Subtyping A Batterer Population, Melissa A. Sprowl '97

Honors Projects

Archival data from a batterers' assessment and treatment program was gathered on 75 males. The data were cluster analyzed to try to parallel the three subtypes of batterers suggested by Holtzworth-Munroe and Stuart (1994) (family-only, dysphoric/ borderline, and generally violent/antisocial). To classify the batterers, the 300+ coded variables were condensed into the following subscales: legal history, alcohol/drug use, childhood violence, family distress, and psychiatric history. Three clusters defined by four of the five classifying variables emerged. However, the cluster-defined subtypes did not differ according to the four "external subscales" (physical abuse, emotional abuse, self-report of domestic violence incident, and police …

The Validity Of The B3r Entry-Level Examination For Fire Services As A Predictor For Future Job Performance, Terrance W. Gaylord '97

Honors Projects

The use of aptitude tests by public and private organizations has drawn attention from the scientific community as well as the courtroom. While theorists have argued that aptitude tests are not valid, several research studies have indicated otherwise. The current study focused on the B3R Entry-Level Examination for Fire Services, an aptitude test administered by a growing number of municipalities nationwide for selection purposes. To test the predictive ability of the exam, a criterion-related validation approach was initiated. A total of eight subjects were administered the B3R exam which was accompanied with a 21-item job performance evaluation of the employees. …

Reassessing The Mozart Effect: Musicians And Non-Musicians Respond Differently To Late Eighteenth-Century, Non-Texted Music For A Monochromatic Instrument, William B. Cooper '97

Honors Projects

Recent accumulating evidence suggests a relationship between music and spatial-reasoning. One particular link:, the termed "Mozart effect," is an enhancement in performance on spatial-reasoning tasks after listening to the ftrst movement of a sonata by Mozart. Though some studies offer additional evidence to support the "Mozart effect," it is interesting that a number of studies attempting to reproduce it have failed. Accordingly, this study investigated the "Mozart effect" using an alternative means of assessing spatial-reasoning ability. Additionally, the music of Haydn was used in an effort to reproduce the effect. Lastly, a differentiation was made between the scores of musicians …

Women Who Batter: A Comparison To Men Who Batter, Treva S. Bogaerts '97

Honors Projects

A sample of 27 females and 27 males was drawn from the client files of a domestic violence agency in a medium-sized mid-western city. Clients were matched on ethnicity, age, and education so that comparisons could be made to determine whether distinctions exist between these batterer populations. The two groups were compared in terms of legal, family, mental, and social histories, as well as type of physical abuse used. The results have implications for adjustments in treatment procedures for female batterers.

The Effects Of Multiple Injections Of Ba(25-35) Into The Medial Septal Area On Spatial Learning In The Male Rat, James Bedrosian '97

Honors Projects

Accumulating evidence supports the hypothesis that beta-amyloid (PA) plays a role in the degeneration of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain. Degeneration of the basal forebrain cholinergic system, which is implicated in learning and memory function, is a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease. It has been previously reported that injections of PA(25-35) into the medial septal area (MSA) of rats produce a hypofunction of the cholinergic system and a decrease in ACh release in the hippocampus. Investigators report mixed results in the development of behavioral spatialleaming impairments following single injections of pA. Recent studies suggest that multiple injections or chronic administration …

Attitudes Toward Aging Lesbians: An Exploratory Study, Karen E. Cunningham

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to examine the attitudes of midwestern college students toward older lesbians. It is hypothesized, due to the commonly held assumptions that older women are "asexual" and that the popular image of homosexuals is extremely negative, that the lesbian identity will go unrecognized by others outside of those to whom they have disclosed their sexual orientation. Variables considered in this study include: (a) knowledge of aging and (b) attitudes toward homosexuality. Two hundred and fifty midwestern college students completed questionnaires that assessed their attitudes toward lesbians, their knowledge of aging, and their attitudes toward aging …

A Neuropsychological Assessment Of Music Stimulation On Individuals With Dementia, Peter Leo Cuff

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Previous research has suggested that musical therapy temporarily improves the cognitive and perceptual functioning of individuals with varying forms of dementing illnesses. However, no research to date has focused on the effects of musical stimulation exclusively. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether, and to what extent, a brief exposure to music might enhance the cognitive and perceptual functioning of clients with mild to moderate forms of Alzheimer's disease and dementia. It was hypothesized that following a brief exposure (6 minutes) to musical stimulation, all subjects (N = 9) would achieve higher scores on the following neuropsychological …

Right-Wing Authoritarianism Relative To Traditional Western Thinking And Locus Of Control, Nadejda Diakonova

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship among right-wing authoritarianism, traditional Western thought and the degree to which subjects tend to perceive themselves as having control over their lives (having internal or external locus of control). It was hypothesized that these three aspects of individuals' cognitive-emotional makeup are interrelated. Three questionnaires were used in the study: the Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) Scale (Altemeyer, 1988), the EastWest Questionnaire (EWQ) (Gilgen & Cho, 1979), and the Locus of Control (LC) Scale (Rotter, 1966). A counterbalanced experimental design was used to control for possible order effects. Duckitt's (1989) conceptualization of …

A Behavioural Checklist For The Measurement Of Self-Esteem In The Classroom, Dawn Metcalfe

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The study sets out to develop a behavioural checklist for the measurement of self-esteem in the classroom. The importance of self-esteem to learning and adjustment to life's situation is well recognised by educational practitioners and theorists. This study examined the concept of self-esteem and the need for an objective instrument to measure the concept in children aged 6 to 12 years. The development of the instrument was in four phases and in every phase the input and feedback of classroom teachers was considered crucial The resulting instrument therefore comprises descriptions which are entirely teacher-generated. At several points in the process …

The Pain Related Self-Statements Scale (Prss): Psychometric Properties In A College Sample, Howard D. Griffin

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Pain Related Self-Statements Scale (PRSS) in a college sample. Specifically, the purpose was to replicate the two factor structure of the PRSS, evaluate the instrument's internal consistency, and examine the convergent validity of the PRSS with other measures of coping with pain. The PRSS is a measure of "situation specific" cognitive coping strategies for individuals suffering from chronic pain. The instrument has two subscales: Catastrophizing and Active Coping. Participants in this study were undergraduate psychology students. Each student was given a packet of self-report measures including a …

Social Support, Prior Interracial Experiences, And Network Orientation: Factors Related To Later Adjustment Among Black Freshmen At A Predominantly White University, Calvin Graham

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

African-American students (mostly Freshmen) enrolled for the first year at a four-year university completed information about the racial composition of their high school, family income, living arrangements, and stressor prior to entering school. At two times during the first semester they completed measures of social support, network orientation and adaptation to college. Information about Grade Point Average (GPA) for the following term and attendance at the University one year later were also obtained. Racial composition of high school had some affect on social support at the university: Students from integrated and mainly Black high schools reported more social support satisfaction …

A Repertory Grid Assessment Of Traitedness And Its Relation To The Validity Of The Neo Pi-R Conscientiousness Scale, Susan Nancy Heidal-Schiltz

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Since Allport (1937) first introduced the idea that traits may vary in their relevance for particular individuals, several investigators have explored ways to operationalize the construct of traitedness in order to improve the criterion-related validity of a trait-based approach to personality assessment. Specifically, these investigators have examined the utility of traitedness indicators as moderators of trait-criterion correlations, seeking to separate those individuals who are predictable on a given trait dimension from those who are not. This study attempted to determine whether the criterion-related validity of the Conscientiousness scale from the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R; Costa & McCrae, 1992) …

The Effects Of Race And Socioeconomic Status On The Acceptance Of Biracial Individuals, Erika Lela Gilyot

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The present study investigated the effects of race and socioeconomic status on the acceptance of biracial individuals having one Black and one White parent. A sample of 153 Black and 114 White college students were divided into high- and low-socioeconomic status based on demographic information. Acceptance of biracial individuals was measured by 2 modified versions of the Social Distance Scale (SDS1 and SDS2) developed by Bogardus (1928), a shortened version of the Scale To Measure Attitudes Toward Defined Groups (AS) developed by Grice (1934), and a measure of Perceived Commonality (PC) developed by Feather (1980). The Marlowe-Crowne (1960) Social Desirability …

A Comparison Of White Male College Students Attending An Urban Black University And An Urban White University: White Racial Identity And Perceived Comfort With Blacks, Cheryl Lorraine Evans

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in White Racial Identity and degree of tolerance for Blacks between two samples of White male undergraduate students attending an urban Black university and those attending an urban White university. The theoretical framework for this study was based in Social Contact Theory as a contributor to racial tolerance and Racial Identity Development Theory as a factor in human growth toward increasing acceptance of diversity. This was a quasi-experimental post-hoc design using intact groups.

The study analyzed the responses of 182 White male undergraduates using three instruments. A Background Questionnaire, designed …

The Effects Of Human-Computer Communication Mode, Task Complexity, And Desire For Control On Performance And Discourse Organization In An Adaptive Task, Cristina Bubb-Lewis

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The present study examined how different communication patterns affected task performance with an adaptive interface. A Wizard-of-Oz simulation (Gould, Conti, & Hovanyecz, 1983) was used to create the impression of a talking and listening computer that acted as a teammate to help participants interact with a computer application.

Four levels of communication mode were used which differed in the level of restriction placed on human-computer communication. In addition, participants completed two sets of tasks (simple and complex). Further, a personality trait, Desire for Control (DC), was measured and participants were split into high and low groups for analysis. Dependent measures …