Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Utilization Of Global Attributions In Recognizing And Responding To Gender Discrimination Among College Women, Mindi D. Foster

Psychology Faculty Publications

Although learned helplessness theories suggest that global attributions for gender discrimination may serve to promote feelings of helplessness about responding to discrimination, group consciousness theories suggest they may instead be a precursor to enhancing collective actions against discrimination.

To examine this theoretical discrepancy, college women completed measures of attributions for gender discrimination, political consciousness (as measured by common fate), participation in collective action, and helplessness behavior among college women. To examine the unique role of global attributions, participants were included if they made external and unstable attributions for discrimination (N = 231). Structural equation modeling showed hat recognizing discrimination occurs …

Positive And Negative Responses To Personal Discrimination: Does Coping Make A Difference?, Mindi D. Foster

Psychology Faculty Publications

Although psychological research has found that perceiving personal discrimination is associated with negative psychological symptoms, group consciousness theories suggest that perceiving personal discrimination can be empowering. To attempt to reconcile these presumably opposing findings, the present study suggested that how one copes with perceiving personal discrimination may better predict whether the outcomes are negative or positive than the perception of personal discrimination alone. American female university students ( N = 262) completed a questionnaire assessing their perceptions of personal discrimination, psychological symptoms and psychosocial behaviors. A series of hierarchical regression analyses indicated that coping mechanisms predicted psychosocial behaviors over and …

From Evidence To Belief: Developmental Precursors For False Belief Ascriptions, Jill De Villiers, Angelika Kratzer, Tom Roeper

Philosophy: Faculty Publications

Recently, a fruitful line of inquiry has linked children’s acquisition of the language of the mind to their developing understanding of other minds. In particular, a cascade of linguistic effects regarding sentences embedded under mental verbs has been shown to occur around the age of four years for the average child, roughly the age when children start passing standard false belief tests. This set of linguistic effects is summarized briefly below. In the proposed study, we will turn our attention to possible precursors for the ability to ascribe a false belief to another person. These precursors include knowledge about how …

6. Development Of Grounded Theories Of Complex Cognitive Processing: Exhaustive Withinand Between-Study Analyses Of Think-Aloud Data, Michael Pressley

Issues in the Measurement of Metacognition

I am going to begin with claims that may seem heretical at the Buros Institute, the host for this symposium: Much can be understood about cognition and its metacognitive regulation through qualitative analysis. Qualitative analyses of complex cognitive and metacognitive processes makes a great deal of sense before even attempting quantitative analyses of those processes. In particular, I am going to explain here the advances made by my associates and me in understanding skilled reading using the method of constant comparison, a qualitative approach for developing what Strauss and Corbin (1990) refer to as grounded theories. If that does not …

8. Metacognition- Author Index

Issues in the Measurement of Metacognition

Author Index (12 pages)

A-Z pp. 323-334

The Effects Of An Educational Intervention On Calcium Intake And Bone Mineral Content In Young Women With Low Calcium Intake., B. Peterson, R. Klesges, E. Kaufman, Theodore Cooper, C. Vukadonovich

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.

Competitive, Cooperative, And Individualistic Group Environments: Effects On Job Satisfaction And Performance, Erin Marie Steinbach Welters

Honors Theses, 1963-2015

The effects of task interdependence (competition, cooperation, and individualism) on job satisfaction and performance were investigated. Students from two Catholic, liberal arts colleges completed a creative thinking task in one of four conditions: group competition, cooperation, individual competition, and individual. Rather than supporting the hypotheses, the results indicated that students in the competitive conditions had superior performance to students in non-competitive conditions, and job satisfaction was generally unaffected by the condition students participated in. Trait competitiveness of the participants was also measured in order to determine whether it had a relationship with performance and job satisfaction. A strong relationship between …

Issues In The Measurement Of Metacognition- Contents, James C. Impara, Linda Murphy, Gregory Schraw

Issues in the Measurement of Metacognition

Contents

1. A Process-Oriented Model of Metacognition: Links Between Motivation and Executive Functioning
John G. Borkowski, Lorna K. S. Chan, and Nithi Muthukrishna...........................1

2. Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulated Learning
Paul R. Pintrich, Christopher A. Wolters, and Gail P. Baxter.........................43

3. Assessing Metacognition in Children and Adults
Linda Baker and Lorraine C. Cerro............................................................99

4. Assessing Metacognitive Knowledge Monitoring
Sigmund Tobias and Howard Everson.......................................................147

5. Metacognition and Computer-Based Testing
Gregory Schraw, Steven L. Wise, and Linda L. Roos................................223

6. Development of Grounded Theories of Complex Cognitive Processing: Exhaustive Within- and Between Study Analyses of Think-Aloud Data
Michael …

1. A Process-Oriented Model Of Metacognition: Links Between Motivation And Executive Functioning, John G. Borkowski, Lorna K. S. Chan, Nithi Muthukrishna

Issues in the Measurement of Metacognition

The measurement of metacognition has gone through four overlapping phases: The first phase began with the insightful and stimulating paper of Kreutzer, Leonard, and Flavell (1975) on introspective reports about memory states and processes, followed by an important theoretical chapter on the nature of metamemory (Flavell & Wellman,1977). These early contributions documented, and theoretically clarified, the fact that children could accurately report their knowledge about memory events as they related to a variety of tasks, circumstances, and strategies; furthermore, memory knowledge was shown to be age-related. A second phase quickly followed: The intention here was to show interconnections between memory …

Exposing The "Pretty Woman" Myth: A Qualitative Examination Of The Lives Of Female Streetwalking Prostitutes, Rochelle L. Dalla

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Intensive interviews were conducted with 43 women involved in streetwalking prostitution. Data were analyzed according to Phenomenological Descriptive Analysis, results of which are presented in two parts. Detailed accounts of the lives of a subgroup of 5 participants are described first, followed by a broader discussion of results including the entire sample of 43. Themes common across the larger group are presented in three segments, including (a) early development, (b) life in "the game,” and (c) leaving the streets. Implications for advocacy and further research are presented.

Predicting Disruptive Behaviors Using Interpersonal And Intrapsychic Measures, Cheryl R. Taylor

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The purpose of this study is to identify interpersonal and intrapsychic factors that predict disruptive behavior. Each of the 134 participants, all high school sophomores, completed two questionnaires and two emotional indicator evaluations on two dates, six weeks apart. Results indicated that "liking" of the school staff combined with depression using the Beck Depression Inventory II, was a predictor of discipline referrals made to the office. Another combination that was a predictor of discipline referrals was "liking" of the school staff combined with drawing using the Draw A Person: Screening Procedure for Emotional Disturbance. High emotional indicators (EI) and low …

Project Body Image, Elaine M. Eshbaugh

Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006)

I have chosen to develop an intervention intended to improve body image in middle/junior high school girls. This project has been conducted in four parts: 1) literature review, 2) initial screening, 3) college interviews, and 4) middle school group interview. My goal in interviewing college women was to compare the ideas and experiences of those with positive and negative body images and incorporate these findings into my intervention. My motivation for interviewing middle school girls was to explore more fully their culture, in particular the media images that are most influential in their lives. I will detail each of these …

Psychology And The Church: An Exemplar Of Psychologist-Clergy Collaboration, Kathryn M. Benes, Joseph M. Welsh, Mark R. Mcminn, Amy W. Dominguez, Daniel C. Aikins

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

Despite the increasing attention being given to clergy-psychologist collaboration, many psychologists may wonder what clergy-psychologist collaboration looks like in actual practice. The authors describe an example of clergy-psychologist collaboration involving a careful needs-assessment phase followed by the development of a wide spectrum of preventive, consultative, and direct services. Current challenges include funding, establishment of trust, and the integration of psychology and spirituality. Implications for professional psychologists are discussed.

Web-Based Counseling System, Poovan Kiruban

Student Works (2000-2009)

There are a lot of website offering services particularly in psychology services ranging from online counseling, e-counselor, motivation to behavioral analysis. The responses from user are overwhelming for those kind of online services. However, the current web based counseling systems are mostly advertisement oriented. This is because, most of the website is playing role as a medium to advertise a particular physician business. Therefore, the scope of web based counseling system for this thesis is vary from conventional idea of web based counseling system The objective of this thesis is to produce a system that independently can identify precisely a …

Intimate Partner Violence Among Men And Women In South Carolina, 1998, Ann L. Coker, Christina Derrick, Julia L. Lumpkin, Robert Oldendick, R H. Potter

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

Few studies provide population-based estimates of intimate partner violence (IPV) for men and women, especially at the state level. IPV may result in adverse health effects for victims and perpetrators (1-3). To estimate the lifetime incidence of IPV by type of violence (e.g., physical, sexual, and perceived emotional abuse) and to explore demographic correlates of reporting IPV among men and women, the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control and the University of South Carolina conducted a population-based random-digit-dialed telephone survey of adults in the state. This report summarizes the results of the survey, which indicated that approximately 25% …

Meaningful Work: Rethinking Professional Ethics, Mike W. Martin

Philosophy Faculty Books and Book Chapters

As commonly understood, professional ethics consists of shared duties and episodic dilemmas--the responsibilities incumbent on all members of specific professions joined together with the dilemmas that arise when these responsibilities conflict. Martin challenges this "consensus paradigm" as he rethinks professional ethics to include personal commitments and ideals, of which many are not mandatory. Using specific examples from a wide range of professions, including medicine, law, high school teaching, journalism, engineering, and ministry, he explores how personal commitments motivate, guide, and give meaning to work.

Egon Brunswik (1903-1955), David E. Leary

Psychology Faculty Publications

Austrian and American psychologist. Brunswik stood at the nexus of several philosophical and psychological traditions, created his own distinctive psychology, and died without foreseeing the influence of his· concepts and methods. Yet more than forty years after his death by suicide, certain of his ideas and techniques are still being explored and used.

The Dcs Visual-Memory Learning Test With Ld And Non-Ld Children Ages 9 To 16 Years Old, David A. Snider

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The primary purpose of this study is to determine whether the DCS Visual Memory Learning Test (DCS) can discriminate between subjects with learning disabilities (LD students) and subjects without learning disabilities (non-LD students). Although the DCS has established itself as a valuable neuro-psychological instrument in Europe ( Lamberti & Weidlich, 1999) over the past twenty years, very little research currently is available on the DCS in the United States, and nearly all of the published research on the DCS is written in German. The current study examined the capability of the DCS to discriminate between a population of 52 LD …

Locus Of Control Orientation And Acceptance Of Disability, Hanoch Livneh, Erin Martz, Joseph Turpin

Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

The purpose of this study was to determine if differences existed in acceptance of disability scores between individuals with internal locus of control and external locus of control orientations. Ninety-seven out of 200 randomly-chosen participants with disabilities from a southern California community college completed the Reactions to Impairment and Disability Inventory (RIDI), Rotter's I-E Locus of Control Scale, and a demographic profile sheet. Acceptance of disability was defined as both acknowledgment and adjustment to a disability. Adjustment scores were found to be higher among those with an internal locus of control orientation but only among participants with mental/psychiatric disabilities. Also, …

From Helplessness To Hope: The Seminal Career Of Martin Seligman, S. F. Maier, C. Peterson, Barry Schwartz

Psychology Faculty Works

Provides a background to the history of research on learned helplessness and learned optimism, as well as M. Seligman's own involvement in these areas. The development of research in this area also illustrates two other important lessons in how science actually proceeds. First, it is often difficult to predict at the outset where research will lead. Work on learned helplessness began in the animal laboratory and for several years was directed at deep theoretical issues in the psychology of learning and not at depression, academic achievement, and other significant human phenomenon. And second, the history of learned helplessness research demonstrates …

From Identity To Relational Politics, Kenneth J. Gergen

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Technology, Self, And The Moral Project, Kenneth J. Gergen

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Therapy, Feminist, Jeanne Marecek

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Miller, Jean Baker (B. 1927), Jeanne Marecek

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Visual Adaptation, Frank H. Durgin

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

The Reverse Stroop Effect, Frank H. Durgin

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Self-Mutilation : Using Pain To Cope, Wendy S. Cook

Graduate Research Papers

Self-mutilation is a serious mental and physical health problem that is often under-reported and misdiagnosed. The mutilation is a reaction to negative internal feelings, such as despair, anxiety, anger, or cognitive constriction. The goal of the self-mutilation is relief from emotional pain by using physical pain. The self-mutilator has low self-esteem, bouts of depression, difficulty forming intimate relationships, and usually suffered some type of trauma such as physical or sexual abuse. Pharmacological treatment for the self-mutilator has been experimental but has not been well researched. However, research seemed to indicate that individual and group therapy, specifically cognitive-behavioral therapy, is helpful …

Promoting Hope In Children And Adolescents, A. Shatté, Jane Gillham, K. J. Reivich

Psychology Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Reading The Raven Hermeneutics In Hagiography, Nelson Foster

International Journal of Transpersonal Studies

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Waiting For Circus Animals' Desertion A True Story Of A Cryptic Spiritual Zoo In The Rag-And-Bone Shop O F My Heart, T. R. Soidla

International Journal of Transpersonal Studies

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