Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Time Of Day Effects On The Performance On The Screening Test Of Auditory Processing, Christine Anne Mackenzie

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine if any significant relationships existed between time of day and central auditory processing using a screening test of central auditory performance. The study specifically addressed the following research questions: 1. Is there a difference in the scores of morning and evening type individuals on the Filtered Word subtest, the. Auditory Figure-Ground subtest, or the Competing Words subtest of the SCAN? 2. Is there a difference between morning and evening test time for differing types of individuals on the Filtered Word subtest, the Auditory Figure-Ground subvest, or the Competing Words subtest of the …

Law And The Biology Of Rape: Reflections On Transitions, Owen D. Jones

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

This Article serves is a sequel to a previous Article: Sex, Culture, and the Biology of Rape: Toward Explanation and Prevention, 87 Cal. L. Rev. 827 (1999). Part I briefly considers the threshold question: why consider the behavioral biology of sexual aggression at all? Part II proposes that the first step in transitioning to a more accurate and more useful model of rape behavior is to avoid a number of common definitional ambiguities that plague most rape discussions. Because those ambiguities are particularly likely to foster misunderstandings about biobehavioral perspectives, Part II also clarifies the scope of what biobehavioral theories …

Spousal Violence Levels Among Substance-Abusing Couples After Behavioral Couples Therapy Versus Individual-Based Treatment, Shannon O'Neill Arehart

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Domestic violence and substance abuse are two of the most prevalent and detrimental social ills plaguing American society today. Additionally, domestic violence and substance abuse are inter-related, and are often found within the same family or relationship. Understanding the relationship between these two problems is essential, especially in the context of therapy or treatment.

Previous studies have shown that behavioral couples therapy (BCT), a treatment for substance abuse problems in which couples participate in conjoint therapy sessions, can be effective in reducing the levels of spousal violence in alcoholic couples (O'Farrell & Murphy, 1995). Additionally, BCT has been effective in …

Factors Associated With The Occurrence And Cessation Of Relational Intrusion, Leila Baldwin Dutton-Greene

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

This study investigated factors associated with the occurrence and cessation of pursuit after the termination of a romantic relationship. Participants were 384 undergraduate and graduate students at Old Dominion University and the University of Rhode Island. Questionnaires were completed by 219 female students (110 who had difficulty letting go of a relationship, 109 whose partner had difficulty letting go) and 161 male students (94 who had difficulty letting go, 67 whose partner had difficulty). Participants completed measures assessing attachment style, emotional distress at the time of break up, alternatives to the relationship, and relationship satisfaction. Those who had pursued a …

Transboundary Areas And Peace: Virtual Peace And Virtual Reality In The 21st Century, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article outlines a conceptual structure for developing knowledge and assessing the impact that transboundary areas may have on Issues of war and peace. This structure is based on the constructs of virtual peace and virtual reality. Also, this structure can be used by psychologists and other researchers, political leaders and policymakers, and citizens throughout the world committed to a world with more peace and less war.

Trends. Hard On Defense As Soft On Defense: A Recurring Vulnerability Of The Nation-State, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the psychologies surrounding the idea of being "hard" on defense.

The Evolution Of Scientific Psychology And Public Policy: On Violence And Its Antidotes, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article presents a conceptual context for considering the utility of psychology for public policy and addresses this utility for the public policy goal of minimizing human violence.

A Future Of Human And Civil Rights In Zimbabwe: Ideology And Outcome Research, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes two common approaches to achieving human and civil rights and what may be needed to select among these and other approaches.

Trends. No More Rogue Nations And The Power Of Words: A Coup For Ibpp?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the possible consequences of the choice of political language regarding "rogue nations," and "states of concern."

Trends. Young Dr. Assad: Seeing Is Believing, The Child Is Father To The Man, Or The Father Of The Child Is The Father To The Man?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses predictions about national leadership based on early psychological challenges and modes of response, with Bashar al-Assad of Syria as an example.

Trends. Counterterrorist And Human Rights Logic And Illogic, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses and evaluates Human Rights Watch's critique of the United States Commission on Terrorism and its decision to lift restrictions on the Central Intelligence Agency to recruit foreign informants who have been involved in serious human rights abuses.

The Psychology Of Rogue Nations, Missile Defense, And Self Defense, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes the construct and psychological meanings of "rogue nation."

Psychopolitical Dynamics Of Air Rage, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes two elements of the psychopolitical dynamics of air rage. The first comprises the rise of air rage as a labeling construct. The second comprises aspects of perceived power and social perception that seem to engender behavior labeled as air rage.

The Role Of Life Review In The Negotiation Of Ldentity In The Elderly And Dying, Edith Kathleen Robertson Sheehan

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Education and Behavioral Sciences at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Sociology by Edith Kathleen Robertson Sheehan on June 7, 2000.

A Test Of The Mediating Effects Of Coping Strategies On The Relationship Between Perceived Control In The Workplace And Work-Family Fit, Jeff S. Johnson

Dissertations and Theses

Past research has shown that perceived employee control in the workplace is negatively related to work-family conflict and positively related to favorable physical and mental health outcomes. However, previous research has neglected to examine many antecedents to work-family positive spillover. Coping strategies used in response to work and family role demands and the resultant work-family outcomes have also not been addressed in previous research. This study investigated how perceptions of control in the workplace relate to work-family conflict, work-family positive spillover, and the use of coping strategies. In order to understand these relationships and clarify the processes of coping with …

Trends. Problems In Cultural Transplants: From Aviation To Medicine, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the issues with transferring aviation security to medical cultures.

Anti-Ballistic Missile Defense Systems And Rhetorical Madness, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes examples of political rhetoric on anti-ballistic missile defense systems from the two main presidential candidates in the United States. These examples may be undone by their consequential implications for military and politico-military deterrence and the development and proliferation of nuclear weapons even as they may garner success as campaign attack vehicles.

Terrorism In The 21st Century: Are There Lessons To Be Learned From The Israeli Withdrawal From Southern Lebanon?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article analyzes the recent Israeli military withdrawal from southern Lebanon in the context of the efficacy of terrorism in the 21st century.

Review Of: Catherine Manton, Fed Up: Women And Food In America, Elizabeth J. Baker

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

A review of the book Fed Up: Women and Food in America by Catherine Manton (Bergin & Garvey 1999). Bibliography, index, notes. ISBN 0-89789-448-0 [184 pp. $55.00. Cloth, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881].

Kidnaping Of Juveniles: Patterns From Nibrs., David Finkelhor, Richard Ormrod

Crimes Against Children Research Center

The kidnaping of children has generated a great deal of public concern, not to mention confusion and controversy. These crimes, from the kidnaping of the Lindbergh baby to the abduction and murder of Adam Walsh, have been some of the most notorious and highly publicized news stories of recent history, occupying a central place in the fears and anxieties of parents. Yet, an ongoing debate has raged over how frequently such crimes occur, which children are most at risk, and who the primary offenders are.

Perceived Control, Voluntariness And Emotional Reactions In Relocated Areas Of Russia, Ukraine And Belarus, Carol Jeniffer Figueiredo, Britt-Marie Drottz-Sjöberg

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

[Excerpt] "The Chernobyl accident occurred at a time of considerable social and economic changes in the former Soviet Union. The contamination due to the accident still covers parts of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. Some areas were considered too contaminated to suit long-term human settlement and a considerable number of people were therefore moved from their homes and resettled in other areas. Resettlement policies often differed between the states. Some variations in state policy included the duration before implementation of the decision to resettle people from certain areas, the swiftness of the transition, and the acceptance of personal initiatives in the …

Varied Definitions Of Risk Related To Sensation Seeking Trait, Pål Ø.U. Dåstol, Britt-Marie Drottz-Sjöberg

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

[Excerpt] "Risk judgments seem related to which definitions of risk a person uses. Earlier studies suggest that people who use a "probability" definition of risk give different, and somewhat lower, subjective estimates of risk than those who instead prefer a "consequence" definition. In addition, an "optimistic bias" often can be found, and subjects usually evaluate personal risk systematically lower than risk for people in general."

Mixing At Young Ages Reduces Fighting In Unacquainted Domestic Pigs, Anton D. Pitts, Daniel M. Weary, Edmond A. Pajor, David Fraser

Agonistic Behavior Collection

Under normal farming practices, piglets from different litters are often mixed around the time of weaning, and a high incidence of fighting and minor injuries often occur. The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of age on the incidence of fighting in piglets mixed before weaning, at different ages between 5 and 26 days. We found no significant relationship between age and the likelihood that a pair of piglets would fight during the first 75 min after mixing. However, the duration of the first fight observed increased from 101±38 s at 5 days to 621±278 s at …

Enabling Business - Community Partnerships, Seema Gupta

IIMB Management Review

The decade of the 1990s has perhaps seen the most profound changes in global economic structures. The effects of structural adjustment and globalisation and the emergence of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) have meant that the role of business has dramatically changed throughout the world. Statistics of the number of corporations that are larger than nation-states abound and only illustrate the importance of the corporate sector and its impact on the world order.

Psychology For Trainers: By Alison Hardingham, London: Universities Press, 1999, Vasanthi Srinivasan

IIMB Management Review

Trainer effectiveness is a critical dimension in successful training programmes. In recent times, a number of self-help and how-to books have tried to address some aspects of trainer effectiveness. The University Press series on ‘training essentials’ is an addition to the subject. The books in the series written by experts are intended to act as core readings for trainers who wish to obtain competency in the area of training. The current book differs from the other books in the series mainly in the emphasis. While most of the other books focus on the training function in the organisation (as evident …

Power And Influence In Organizations: Edited By Roderick M Kramer And Margaret A Neale, New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1998., Abhoy K Ojha

IIMB Management Review

Power and Influence in Organizations examines the role of social influence in organisations. It is a compilation of edited versions of papers presented at a conference at Stanford University. Unlike some other collections of essays from conferences that are subsequently released as books, the articles in this volume display a very high degree of academic depth and rigour. Most, if not all, articles could easily meet the requirements of the refereeing process of a premier journal in the field of organisational studies.

Vocabulary Growth In Late Talkers: Lexical Development From 2;0 To 3;0, Leslie Rescorla, Jennifer Mirak, Leher Singh

Psychology Faculty Research and Scholarship

Vocabulary growth from 2;0 to 3;0 was studied in 28 late talkers using expressive vocabulary inventories reported bimonthly on the Language Development Survey (LDS). Group milestones were 18 words at 2;0, 89 words at 2;6, and 195 words at 3;0. A sub-group of 11 children (Group I) showed a rapid vocabulary spurt between 2;2 and 2;8, reached the 150-180 word mark by 2;6, and attained the LDS ceiling of about 300 words by 2;10. In contrast, the 17 children in Group 2 still had a mean vocabulary of fewer than 30 words at 2;6, had less of a vocabulary spurt …

A Therapeutic Model For Amazing Apostasy, Edwin R. Holmes

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Apostasy is the transition involving disengagement from previously held religious beliefs. Social-psychological investigators of the nature and causes of apostasy have identified varied causes for the transition including weak religious socialization (Hunsberger, 1980, p. 159), commitment to intellectualism (Caplovitz & Sherrow, 1977), aversion to the hypocrisy of others, acute trauma or loss, or discontentment with the promises of religion (Hunsberger, McKenzie, Pratt, & Prancer, 1993).

Most experiences of apostasy follow the pattern that socialization theory predicts, that highly religiously socialized individuals adhere to their beliefs and minimally socialized individuals are more likely to discard their beliefs (Hunsberger, 1980, p. 158). …

Assessment Of Methylphenidate Sensitization Using A Two-Lever Drug Discrimination Procedure, Ann Marie Heidema

Masters Theses

The current study examined the effects of methylphenidate (MP) pre-exposure on the acquisition of cocaine discrimination in rats. Sixteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered either 10 mg/kg MP or saline for five consecutive days. Following this pre-treatment phase, animals were trained to discriminate 10 mg/kg cocaine-hydrochloride from saline using a two-lever fixed-ratio 20 (FR20) schedule of food reinforcement. Acquisition of cocaine discrimination, as indicated by the number of sessions to criterion, did not differ significantly between the two-pre-treatment groups (MP = 35.5 ± 2.4; SAL = 31.6 ± 2.3). Stimulus generalization tests were conducted with cocaine and methylphenidate using cumulative …

Workshop To Identify Critical Windows Of Exposure For Children's Health: Neurobehavioral Work Group Summary, Jane Adams, Stan Barone Jr., Anthony Lamantia, Rossanne Philen, D. C. Rice, Linda Spear, Ezra Susser

Psychology Faculty Scholarship

Summarizes the deliberations of a work group charged with addressing specific questions relevant to risk estimation in developmental neurotoxicology. Importance of multiple factors addressing critical windows of exposure on neurological function; Role that compensatory mechanisms play in the manifestation of the effects of developmental exposures.